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If you wanted to make a really crude approximation of project management, you could say there are two main styles: waterfall and agile.

It’s not as simple as that by any means. And the two aren’t really separate things; agile came about as a response to the failures of waterfall. But if we’re going to stick with crude approximations, here we go:

  • In a waterfall process, you define everything up front and then execute.
  • In an agile process, you start executing and then adjust based on what you learn.

So crude! Much approximation!

It only recently struck me that the agile approach is basically a cybernetic system.

Cybernetics is pretty much anything that involves feedback. If it’s got inputs and outputs that are connected in some way, it’s probably cybernetic. Politics. Finance. Your YouTube recommendations. Every video game you’ve ever played. You. Every living thing on the planet. That’s cybernetics.

Fun fact: early on in the history of cybernetics, a bunch of folks wanted to get together at an event to geek about this stuff. But they knew that if they used the word “cybernetics” to describe the event, Norbert Wiener would show up and completely dominate proceedings. So they invented a new alias for the same thing. They coined the term “artificial intelligence”, or AI for short.

Yes, ironically the term “AI” was invented in order to repel a Reply Guy. Now it’s Reply Guy catnip. In today’s AI world, everyone’s a Norbert Wiener.

The thing that has the Wieners really excited right now in the world of programming is the idea of agentic AI. In this set-up, you don’t do any of the actual coding. Instead you specify everything up front and then have a team of artificial agents execute your plan.

That’s right; it’s a return to waterfall. But that’s not as crazy as it sounds. Waterfall was wasteful because execution was expensive and time-consuming. Now that execution is relatively cheap (you pay a bit of money to line the pockets of the worst people in exchange for literal tokens), you can afford to throw some spaghetti at the wall and see if it sticks.

But you lose the learning. The idea of a cybernetic system like, say, agile development, is that you try something, learn from it, and adjust accordingly. You remember what worked. You remember what didn’t. That’s learning.

Outsourcing execution to machines makes a lot of sense.

I’m not so sure it makes sense to outsource learning.

Have you published a response to this? :

Responses

Ricardo Mendes

Jeremy Keith writes :

But you lose the learning. The idea of a cybernetic system like, say, agile development, is that you try something, learn from it, and adjust accordingly. You remember what worked. You remember what didn’t. That’s learning.

Outsourcing execution to machines makes a lot of sense.

I’m not so sure it makes sense to outsource learning.

I think this is already becoming a real issue in many workplaces experimenting with agentic development.

When agents generate or modify code, we can test the output. We can verify that the bug is fixed or that the feature works. But the learning loop becomes blurry: how do humans actually understand why the fix works and how the system reached that solution?

In several cases on our side we ended up doing entire review sessions where we read through the agent session logs and the final code diff after deployment. Not just to confirm the bug was fixed, but to reconstruct the reasoning behind the fix.

That reconstruction step matters because it’s where human learning normally happens in software development.

If execution becomes automated but understanding disappears, we risk creating systems that work but that fewer and fewer people actually understand.

There is probably a real need for new tooling here: something that treats agentic development sessions as first-class artifacts. Not just code diffs, but structured traces explaining decisions, iterations, and why certain approaches were abandoned.

In other words: if AI handles more of the execution, we need better ways to preserve the feedback loop for humans.

Aaron Crowder

Outsourcing execution to machines makes a lot of sense. I’m not so sure it makes sense to outsource learning.

Couldn’t agree more. The biggest issue with agentic-coding is that it short circuits the learning process. Detrimental to new engineers who should be learning all the time. Even experienced engineers seem to have an issue with keeping their skills sharp after long periods of using AI tools.

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Previously on this day

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7 years ago I wrote Generation Style by Eric Meyer

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7 years ago I wrote Designing for Personalities by Sarah Parmenter

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7 years ago I wrote Designing for Trust in an Uncertain World by Margot Bloomstein

A presentation at An Event Apart Seattle 2019.

7 years ago I wrote Slow Design for an Anxious World by Jeffrey Zeldman

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13 years ago I wrote Responsive audio out

All the talks are available for your listening and huffduffing pleasure.

14 years ago I wrote Remembering Ralph McQuarrie

A visionary.

14 years ago I wrote What do I know?

Five things I learned from the internet.

15 years ago I wrote American Odyssey

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17 years ago I wrote £5 slides

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19 years ago I wrote Watching the stream

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20 years ago I wrote Adactio Austin

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23 years ago I wrote Celebrity Hair

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