{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T15:53:10Z","timestamp":1771602790073,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-025-02097-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T06:46:50Z","timestamp":1759214810000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Unlocking the potential of soulbound NFTs and blockchain for agriculture industry"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ayush","family":"Verma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3708-7819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brijesh Kumar","family":"Chaurasia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nikita","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shivani","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2097_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-022-10248-7","volume":"26","author":"Y Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen Y, Lu Y, Bulysheva L, Kataev MY (2024) Applications of blockchain in industry 4.0: a review. Inform Syst Front 26(5):1715\u20131729. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10796-022-10248-7","journal-title":"Inform Syst Front"},{"issue":"6","key":"2097_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4322","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2020.3003910","volume":"17","author":"Y Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu Y, Ma X, Shu L, Hancke GP, Abu-Mahfouz AM (2020) From industry 4.0 to agriculture 4.0: current status, enabling technologies, and research challenges. IEEE Trans Ind Inform 17(6):4322\u20134334. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TII.2020.3003910","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ind Inform"},{"key":"2097_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2021.07.366","volume":"80","author":"GS Sajja","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sajja GS, Rane KP, Phasinam K, Kassanuk T, Okoronkwo E, Prabhu P (2023) Towards applicability of blockchain in agriculture sector. Mater Today Proc 80:3705\u20133708. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matpr.2021.07.366","journal-title":"Mater Today Proc"},{"key":"2097_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Srivastava S, Agarwal D, Chaurasia B (2023) Secure Decentralized Identity Management using Blockchain. In 2023 IEEE 22nd IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom), 1355\u20131360. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TrustCom60117.2023.00185","DOI":"10.1109\/TrustCom60117.2023.00185"},{"key":"2097_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ject.2024.09.002","volume":"2","author":"MH Islam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Islam MH, Anam MZ, Hoque MR, Nishat M, Bari AM (2024) Agriculture 4.0 adoption challenges in the emerging economies: implications for smart farming and sustainability. J Econ Technol 2:278\u2013295. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ject.2024.09.002","journal-title":"J Econ Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2097_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-023-10521-1","volume":"131","author":"P Majumdar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Majumdar P, Bhattacharya D, Mitra S, Bhushan B (2023) Application of green IoT in agriculture 4.0 and beyond: requirements, challenges and research trends in the era of 5G, LPWANs and internet of UAV things. Wireless Pers Commun 131(3):1767\u20131816. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11277-023-10521-1","journal-title":"Wireless Pers Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"2097_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.13052\/jwe1540-9589.2356","volume":"23","author":"Y Joo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Joo Y, Seo J (2024) User authentication techniques using a dynamic soulbound token. J Web Eng 23(5):717\u2013733. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.13052\/jwe1540-9589.2356","journal-title":"J Web Eng"},{"key":"2097_CR8","unstructured":"Buterin V (2022) Soulbound. Vitalik Buterin\u2019s Website. Available online: https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/vitalik.eth.limo\/general\/2022\/01\/26\/soulbound.html. Last Accessed, 12-20-2025"},{"key":"2097_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fanai M, Gopichand B, Lalnunmawia F (2012) Intercropping of nitrogen-fixing tree species (NFTs) with agriculture crops as a sustainable farming system. 14(1057):1\u201315. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3390\/agriculture14071057","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture14071057"},{"issue":"24830","key":"2097_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-75708-3","volume":"14","author":"P Singh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Singh P, Sagar S, Singh S, Alshahrani HM, Getahun M, Soufiene BO (2024) Blockchain-enabled verification of medical records using soul-bound tokens and cloud computing. Sci Rep 14(24830):1\u201327. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-75708-3","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2097_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.20517\/jsegc.2023.09","volume":"3","author":"H Hosseinalibeiki","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hosseinalibeiki H, Zaree M (2023) A blockchain based solution to improve loyalty program with NFT in agribusiness. J Smart Environ Green Comput 3(4):127\u2013146. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.20517\/jsegc.2023.09","journal-title":"J Smart Environ Green Comput"},{"issue":"3740","key":"2097_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics13183740","volume":"13","author":"KS Thakur","year":"2024","unstructured":"Thakur KS, Ahuja R, Singh R (2024) IoT-GChain: internet of Things-Assisted secure and tractable grain supply chain framework leveraging blockchain. Electronics 13(3740):1\u201319. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3390\/electronics13183740","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2097_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s42044-024-00189-6","volume":"7","author":"AK Sharma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sharma AK, Chaurasia BK, Singh V (2024) Blockchain-based feedback system using NFT in e-commerce. Iran J Comput Sci 7(3):579\u2013587. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42044-024-00189-6","journal-title":"Iran J Comput Sci"},{"key":"2097_CR14","unstructured":"Deb S, Raynor R, Kannan S (2024) Stakesure: proof of stake mechanisms with strong Cryptoeconomic safety, 1\u201318, Online available at: https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2401.05797, Last accessed on 21\/04\/2025."},{"key":"2097_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cortes-Goicoechea M, Mohandas-Daryanani T, Mu\u00f1oz-Tapia JL, Bautista-Gomez L (2023) Autopsy of Ethereum\u2019s post-merge reward system. In IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC), 1\u20139. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICBC56567.2023.10174942","DOI":"10.1109\/ICBC56567.2023.10174942"},{"issue":"12","key":"2097_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3576899","volume":"55","author":"Q Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Q, Yu J, Chen S, Xiang Y (2023) Sok: dag-based blockchain systems. ACM-CSUR 55(12):1\u201338. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3576899","journal-title":"ACM-CSUR"},{"issue":"7","key":"2097_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fbloc.2020.00007","volume":"3","author":"H Xiong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xiong H, Dalhaus T, Wang P, Huang J (2020) Blockchain technology for agriculture: applications and rationale. Front Blockchain 3(7):1\u20137. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbloc.2020.00007","journal-title":"Front Blockchain"},{"key":"2097_CR18","unstructured":"Yu G, Wang Q, Sun C, Nguyen LD, Bandara HMN, Chen S (2024) Maximizing NFT Incentives: References Make You Rich, Available online: https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2402.06459, Last accessed on 22\/04\/2025"},{"key":"2097_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-024-03265-7","author":"A Norta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Norta A, Udokwu C, Cra\u00df S (2024) SN Comput Sci 5(936):1\u201316. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42979-024-03265-7. Real-World Asset Identity Authentication in Blockchain Enabled Inter-Organizational Process-Aware Systems Involving Adjustable Challenge-Response Evaluation Sets"},{"issue":"3","key":"2097_CR20","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"TJ Chaffer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chaffer TJ, Goldston J (2022) On the existential basis of self-sovereign identity and soulbound tokens: an examination of the self in the age of Web3. J Strategic Innov Sustain 17(3):1\u20139","journal-title":"J Strategic Innov Sustain"},{"key":"2097_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113436","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3216643","volume":"10","author":"MR Ahmed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmed MR, Islam AM, Shatabda S, Islam S (2022) Blockchain-based identity management system and self-sovereign identity ecosystem: a comprehensive survey. IEEE Access 10:113436\u2013113481. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3216643","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2097_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hildebrandt F (2022) The future of soulbound tokens and their blockchain accounts. In Konferenzband zum Scientific Track der Blockchain Autumn School Hochschule Mittweida, 2 18\u201324. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.48446\/opus-13450","DOI":"10.48446\/opus-13450"},{"issue":"1333","key":"2097_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture12091333","volume":"12","author":"LB Krithika","year":"2022","unstructured":"Krithika LB (2022) Survey on the applications of blockchain in agriculture. Agriculture 12(1333):1\u201338. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3390\/agriculture12091333","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"issue":"3","key":"2097_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/blockchains3010003","volume":"3","author":"W Chan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chan W, Gai K, Yu J, Zhu L (2025) Blockchain-assisted self-sovereign identities on education: a survey. Blockchains 3(3):1\u201337. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3390\/blockchains3010003","journal-title":"Blockchains"},{"key":"2097_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ehsan I, Irfan Khalid M, Ricci L, Iqbal J, Alabrah A, Sajid Ullah S, Alfakih TM (2022) A Conceptual Model for Blockchain-Based Agriculture Food Supply Chain System. Scientific Programming, 2022(7358354), 1\u201315. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/7358354","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7358354"},{"issue":"2","key":"2097_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.31585\/jbba","volume":"7","author":"K Yuthas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yuthas K (2024) NFTs at the nexus of innovation and sustainability: A framework aligning NFT affordances with the sustainable development goals. J Br Blockchain Association 7(2):1\u201312. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.31585\/jbba","journal-title":"J Br Blockchain Association"},{"key":"2097_CR27","unstructured":"Domenicale I, Fredda F, Schifanella C (2024) Tokenomics in civic blockchain: Implementing community and soulbound tokens in a game-theoretical framework for collaborative economies. In 6th Distributed Ledger Technologies Workshop (DLT2024), 1\u201317"},{"key":"2097_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chaurasia BK (2024) Blockchain enabled MediVault for Healthcare System, Multimedia Tools and Applications, 1\u201321. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11042-024-19630-w","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-024-19630-w"},{"issue":"1377531","key":"2097_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2024.1377531","volume":"6","author":"K Sibanda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sibanda K, Ndayizigamiye P, Twinomurinzi H (2024) Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in healthcare: a thematic analysis and research agenda. Front Digit Health 6(1377531):1\u201315. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fdgth.2024.1377531","journal-title":"Front Digit Health"},{"issue":"33","key":"2097_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s44147-023-00205-9","volume":"70","author":"N Tanwar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tanwar N, Thakur J (2023) Patient-centric soulbound NFT framework for electronic health record (EHR). J Eng Appl Sci 70(33):1\u201311. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s44147-023-00205-9","journal-title":"J Eng Appl Sci"},{"key":"2097_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ohlhaver P, Weyl EG, Buterin V (2022) Decentralized society: Finding web3\u2019s soul. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.4105763, Online Available at: https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4105763, Last accessed on22\/04\/2025","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4105763"},{"key":"2097_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-022-03151-1","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Li C, Du T, Luo Y (2023) Wireless Netw 29(2):713\u2013727. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11276-022-03151-1. Multi-level caching and data verification based on ethereum blockchain"},{"key":"2097_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45527","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3228535","volume":"11","author":"H Mao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mao H, Nie T, Sun H, Shen D, Yu G (2022) A survey on cross-chain technology: challenges, development, and prospect. IEEE Access 11:45527\u201345546. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3228535","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2097_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chaurasia BK, Shahi A, Verma S (2014) Authentication in cloud computing environment using two factor authentication. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving: SocProS 2013, Springer, 2, 779\u2013785. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-81-322-1768-8_67","DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-322-1768-8_67"},{"key":"2097_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chamola, V., Peelam, M. S., Mittal, U., Hassija, V., Singh, A., Pareek, R., \u2026 Brown,D. J. (2025). Metaverse for Education: Developments, Challenges, and Future Direction.Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 33(3), e70018, 1\u201339. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cae.70018","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.70018"},{"issue":"12","key":"2097_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3138","DOI":"10.14778\/3415478.3415540","volume":"13","author":"X Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Yu B, Li F, Li Y, Yan W (2020) LedgerDB: a centralized ledger database for universal audit and verification. Proc VLDB Endow 13(12):3138\u20133151. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.14778\/3415478.3415540","journal-title":"Proc VLDB Endow"},{"issue":"2","key":"2097_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3589774","volume":"1","author":"X Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang X, Zhang R, Yue C, Liu Y, Ooi BC, Gao Q, Zhang Yuan, Yang H (2023) VeDB: a software and hardware enabled trusted relational database. Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data 1(2):1\u201327. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3589774","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data"},{"issue":"102731","key":"2097_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2020.102731","volume":"166","author":"Y Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu Y, He D, Obaidat MS, Kumar N, Khan MK, Choo KKR (2020) Blockchain-based identity management systems: a review. J Netw Comput Appl 166(102731):1\u201337. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jnca.2020.102731","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"key":"2097_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gilani K, Bertin E, Hatin J, Crespi N (2020) A survey on blockchain-based identity management and decentralized privacy for personal data. In 2020 2nd Conference on Blockchain Research & Applications for Innovative Networks and Services (BRAINS), 97\u2013101. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/BRAINS49436.2020.9223312","DOI":"10.1109\/BRAINS49436.2020.9223312"},{"key":"2097_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vaziry A, Garzon SR, Herbke P, Segat C, Kupper A (2025) SoK: A Taxonomy for Distributed-Ledger-Based Identity Management, 1\u201325. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2505.05100, Online available at: https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2505.05100, Last accessed on 02\/06\/2025.","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2505.05100"},{"issue":"184","key":"2097_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/systems11040184","volume":"11","author":"M Pincheira","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pincheira M, Donini E, Vecchio M, Giaffreda R (2023) An infrastructure cost and benefits evaluation framework for blockchain-based applications. Systems 11(184):1\u201314. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems11040184","journal-title":"Systems"},{"key":"2097_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17179","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2968057","volume":"8","author":"B Buurman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Buurman B, Kamruzzaman J, Karmakar G, Islam S (2020) Low-power wide-area networks: design goals, architecture, suitability to use cases and research challenges. IEEE Access 8:17179\u201317220. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2968057","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"3","key":"2097_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1007\/s11276-024-03851-w","volume":"31","author":"BK Chaurasia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chaurasia BK, Chakraborty B, Sadhya D (2025) Trust computation in VNs using blockchain. Wireless Netw 31(3):1989\u20132003. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11276-024-03851-w","journal-title":"Wireless Netw"},{"issue":"2","key":"2097_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11704-023-2365-9","volume":"18","author":"BS Reddy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Reddy BS, Reddy TUK (2024) CompactChain: an efficient stateless chain for UTXO-model blockchain. Front Comput Sci 18(2):182806, 1\u201313. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11704-023-2365-9","journal-title":"Front Comput Sci"},{"key":"2097_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-64448-5_17","volume-title":"Handbook industry 4.0: law, technology, society,berlin","author":"I H\u00e4rtel","year":"2022","unstructured":"H\u00e4rtel I (2022) Agricultural law 4.0: digital revolution in agriculture. Handbook industry 4.0: law, technology, society,berlin. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Heidelberg, pp 331\u2013350. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-64448-5_17"},{"key":"2097_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJAHUC.2024.10069167","author":"BK Chaurasia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chaurasia BK, Rishiwal V, Yadav M, Shukla MM, Yadav P (2025) Blockchain enabled key management for social IoV in fog computing. Int J Ad Hoc Ubiquitous Comput. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1504\/IJAHUC.2024.10069167","journal-title":"Int J Ad Hoc Ubiquitous Comput"},{"key":"2097_CR47","unstructured":"Pending, Transaction (2025) Online available at: https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/etherscan.io\/txspending, Last Accessed on 04 May"},{"key":"2097_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39182","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3063485","volume":"9","author":"TH Tran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tran TH, Pham HL, Nakashima Y (2021) A high-performance multimem SHA-256 accelerator for society 5.0. IEEE Access 9:39182\u201339192. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3063485","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2097_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11576","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3518533","volume":"13","author":"D Ramakrishna","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ramakrishna D, Shaik MA (2024) A comprehensive analysis of cryptographic algorithms: evaluating security, efficiency, and future challenges. IEEE Access 13:11576\u201311593. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3518533","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"101209","key":"2097_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jafr.2024.101209","volume":"16","author":"MMH Prodhan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Prodhan MMH, Jalal MJE, Alam H, Mostofa MS, Khondker BH, Khan MA (2024) State and potential of digital financial services among farmers in bangladesh: an in-depth study. J Agric Food Res 16(101209):1\u20137. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jafr.2024.101209","journal-title":"J Agric Food Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2097_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1504\/IJKL.2025.143071","volume":"18","author":"CP Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee CP, Wei CI, Lee TR (2025) Developing agricultural literacy through USR and blockchain. Int J Knowl Learn 18(1):17\u201331. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1504\/IJKL.2025.143071","journal-title":"Int J Knowl Learn"},{"issue":"53","key":"2097_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-024-01812-w","volume":"18","author":"V Maurya","year":"2025","unstructured":"Maurya V, Rishiwal V, Yadav M, Shiblee M, Yadav P, Agarwal U, Chaudhry R (2025) Blockchain-driven security for IoT networks: state-of-the-art, challenges and future directions. Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl 18(53):1\u201335. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12083-024-01812-w","journal-title":"Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl"},{"issue":"108395","key":"2097_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2021.108395","volume":"198","author":"S Alam","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alam S, Shuaib M, Khan WZ, Garg S, Kaddoum G, Hossain MS, Zikria YB (2021) Blockchain-based initiatives: current state and challenges. Comput Netw 198(108395):1\u201320. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.comnet.2021.108395","journal-title":"Comput Netw"},{"issue":"4","key":"2097_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12083-025-02010-y","volume":"18","author":"PA Kadam","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kadam PA, Bhushan S, Rishiwal V, Yadav M, Yadav P, Agarwal U (2025) Validcertify: an effective blockchain-based domain certificate authentication and verification scheme. Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl 18(4):1\u201318. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02010-y","journal-title":"Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl"},{"issue":"1538227","key":"2097_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fbloc.2025.1538227","volume":"8","author":"M Esposito","year":"2025","unstructured":"Esposito M, Tse T, Goh D (2025) Decentralizing governance: exploring the dynamics and challenges of digital commons and DAOs. Front Blockchain 8(1538227):1\u201313. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fbloc.2025.1538227","journal-title":"Front Blockchain"},{"key":"2097_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171753","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3497298","volume":"12","author":"MS Peelam","year":"2024","unstructured":"Peelam MS, Chaurasia BK, Sharma AK, Chamola V, Sikdar B (2024) Unlocking the potential of interconnected blockchains: a comprehensive study of cosmos blockchain interoperability. IEEE Access 12:171753\u2013171776. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3497298","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2097_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wylde, V., Rawindaran, N., Lawrence, J., Balasubramanian, R., Prakash, E., Jayal,A., \u2026 Platts, J. (2022). Cybersecurity, data privacy and blockchain: A review. SN computer science, 3(127), 1\u201312. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42979-022-01020-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s42979-022-01020-4"},{"key":"2097_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103888","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3210110","volume":"10","author":"S Han","year":"2022","unstructured":"Han S, Park S (2022) A gap between blockchain and general data protection regulation: a systematic review. IEEE Access 10:103888\u2013103905. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3210110","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"1","key":"2097_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exsy.13601","volume":"42","author":"U Mittal","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mittal U, Goyal S, Gummana EP, Chamola V, Agarwal S, Mathur T (2025) Foodblock: a secure and cost-optimal framework for online food ordering using blockchain. Expert Syst 42(1):e13601. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1111\/exsy.13601","journal-title":"Expert Syst"},{"issue":"10s","key":"2097_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.17762\/ijritcc.v11i10s.7625","volume":"11","author":"DK Acharya","year":"2023","unstructured":"Acharya DK, Shrivastava M, Padhi P (2023) Agriblock: a blockchain-based framework for agricultural supply chain management. Int J Recent Innov Trends Comput Communication 11(10s):249\u2013256. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.17762\/ijritcc.v11i10s.7625","journal-title":"Int J Recent Innov Trends Comput Communication"},{"key":"2097_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shakila M (2024), December Agrochain: Harnessing Blockchain for Agricultural Progress with DApp Technology. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Communication Networks and Application (ICSCNA), 475\u2013479. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICSCNA63714.2024.10863890","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSCNA63714.2024.10863890"},{"key":"2097_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tiwari PR, Agarwal D, Jain P, Dasgupta S, Datta P, Reddy V, Gupta D (2022) India\u2019s Aadhaar Biometric ID: Structure, Security, and Vulnerabilities. In International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 672\u2013693. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-18283-9_34","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-18283-9_34"},{"key":"2097_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chaurasia BK, Shahi A, Verma S (2014) Authentication in cloud computing environment using two factor authentication. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving: SocProS 2013, Springer India, Volume 259, 779\u2013785. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-81-322-1768-8_67","DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-322-1768-8_67"},{"key":"2097_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao J, He F, Yang Y, Zhang Y (2025) Identifying Implementation Flaws of SMS OTP Authentication. IEEE Trans Mob Comput 1\u201315. https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TMC.2025.3550883","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2025.3550883"},{"key":"2097_CR65","unstructured":"E-choupal: ITC\u2019s Rural Networking Project, Online available at: https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/documents.worldbank.org\/en\/publication\/documents-reports\/documentdetail\/975911468040600155\/e-choupal-itcs-rural-networking-project, Last Accessed on 03 July, 2025"},{"key":"2097_CR66","unstructured":"Haiti Case Study (2025) Online available at: https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/agriledger.com\/case-studies\/, Last Accessed on 03"}],"container-title":["Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02097-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02097-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02097-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T10:37:42Z","timestamp":1765622262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02097-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2097"],"URL":"https:\/\/summer-heart-0930.chufeiyun1688.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12083-025-02097-3","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s42979-024-03265-7","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s11276-022-03151-1","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["1936-6442","1936-6450"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-6442","type":"print"},{"value":"1936-6450","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies of human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors agree to publish the paper and related research results of the paper.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"290"}}