{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406549387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.09757","title":"Distilling Multi-modal Large Language Models for Autonomous Driving","display_name":"Distilling Multi-modal Large Language Models for Autonomous Driving","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406549387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.09757"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2501.09757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.09757","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.09757","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.09757","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065558805","display_name":"Deepti Hegde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-7891"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hegde, Deepti","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006974481","display_name":"Rajeev Yasarla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4371-6653"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasarla, Rajeev","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028379678","display_name":"Hong Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2711-9461"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cai, Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071921121","display_name":"Shizhong Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3381-6992"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han, Shizhong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069868868","display_name":"Apratim Bhattacharyya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3481-9546"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhattacharyya, Apratim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102834835","display_name":"Shweta Mahajan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-9142"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahajan, Shweta","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017130159","display_name":"Litian Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Litian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007789824","display_name":"Risheek Garrepalli","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garrepalli, Risheek","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004716468","display_name":"Vishal M. Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5239-692X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patel, Vishal M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102948566","display_name":"Fatih Porikli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6059-868X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Porikli, Fatih","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065558805"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9718999862670898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.6662622690200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5777556896209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.11353656649589539}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.6662622690200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5777556896209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.11353656649589539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2501.09757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.09757","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.09757","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2501.09757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2501.09757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2501.09757","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.09757","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.09757","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autonomous":[0],"driving":[1,14,48],"demands":[2],"safe":[3],"motion":[4],"planning,":[5],"especially":[6],"in":[7,135,139,148,164],"critical":[8],"\"long-tail\"":[9],"scenarios.":[10,166],"Recent":[11],"end-to-end":[12,46,79],"autonomous":[13,47],"systems":[15],"leverage":[16],"large":[17],"language":[18],"models":[19],"(LLMs)":[20],"as":[21,108,110,156,158],"planners":[22],"to":[23,26,76,98,112],"improve":[24],"generalizability":[25],"rare":[27],"events.":[28],"However,":[29],"using":[30],"LLMs":[31],"at":[32,122],"test":[33],"time":[34],"introduces":[35],"high":[36],"computational":[37],"costs.":[38],"To":[39],"address":[40],"this,":[41],"we":[42],"propose":[43],"DiMA,":[44],"an":[45,55,66,145],"system":[49],"that":[50,104],"maintains":[51],"the":[52,62,70,113,118,140,149,153,173],"efficiency":[53],"of":[54,65,84,152],"LLM-free":[56],"(or":[57],"vision-based)":[58],"planner":[59,80],"while":[60],"leveraging":[61],"world":[63],"knowledge":[64],"LLM.":[67],"DiMA":[68,133,167],"distills":[69],"information":[71],"from":[72],"a":[73,77,82,90,94,136,159],"multi-modal":[74],"LLM":[75,119],"vision-based":[78,154],"through":[81],"set":[83],"specially":[85],"designed":[86],"surrogate":[87],"tasks.":[88],"Under":[89],"joint":[91],"training":[92],"strategy,":[93],"scene":[95],"encoder":[96],"common":[97],"both":[99],"networks":[100],"produces":[101],"structured":[102],"representations":[103],"are":[105],"semantically":[106],"grounded":[107],"well":[109,157],"aligned":[111],"final":[114],"planning":[115,126,175],"objective.":[116],"Notably,":[117],"is":[120],"optional":[121],"inference,":[123],"enabling":[124],"robust":[125],"without":[127],"compromising":[128],"on":[129,172],"efficiency.":[130],"Training":[131],"with":[132],"results":[134],"37%":[137],"reduction":[138,147,163],"L2":[141],"trajectory":[142,161],"error":[143,162],"and":[144],"80%":[146],"collision":[150],"rate":[151],"planner,":[155],"44%":[160],"longtail":[165],"also":[168],"achieves":[169],"state-of-the-art":[170],"performance":[171],"nuScenes":[174],"benchmark.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T06:51:31.235846","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
