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{{Short description|County in Texas, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=AugustApril 20192024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
| county = Freestone County
| state = Texas
| founded = {{Start date and age|1851}}
| seat wl = Fairfield
| largest city wl = Teague
| area_total_sq_mi = 892
| area_land_sq_mi = 878
| area_water_sq_mi = 14
| area percentage = 1.6
| census yr = 2020
| pop = 19435
| density_sq_mi = auto
| ex image = Freestone County Courthouse, Fairfield, TX 2010.jpg
| ex image size = 250
| ex image cap = The Freestone County Courthouse in Fairfield
| web = http://www.co.freestone.tx.us/
| time zone = Central
| district = 17th6th
| district2 = 17th
}}
 
'''Freestone County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the east-central part of the [[U.S. state]] of [[Texas]]. As of the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]], its population was 19,435.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Freestone County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0500000US48161|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=February 23, 2021}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Fairfield, Texas|Fairfield]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=2011-05-May 31, 2011 }}</ref> The county was created in 1850 and organized the next year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/TX_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm|title=Texas: Individual County Chronologies|work=Texas Atlas of Historical County Boundaries|publisher=[[Newberry Library|The Newberry Library]]|date=2008|access-date=May 23, 2015|archive-date=May 13, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150513024355/http://publications.newberry.org/ahcbp/documents/TX_Individual_County_Chronologies.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
==History==
Line 28 ⟶ 29:
===Native Americans===
 
Archeological evidence of the farming [[Kichai people|Kichai]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Kichai Indian History | publisher=Access Genealogy | url=http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/caddo/kichaiindianhist.htm | access-date=May 2, 2010}}</ref> band of the [[Caddoan Mississippian culture]] dates to 200 BCEBC in the area.<ref>{{cite web | title=Caddo Timeline | website=Texas Beyond History | url=http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/tejas/fundamentals/timeline.html | access-date=May 2, 2010}}</ref>
 
The [[Hernando de Soto (explorer)|Hernando de Soto]] expedition of 1541 resulted in violent encounters with the [[Caddo]] Native Americans who occupied the area. Spanish and French missionaries carried [[smallpox]], [[measles]], [[malaria]], and [[influenza]] as endemic diseases; the Caddo suffered epidemics, as they had no acquired immunity to these new diseases.<ref>{{cite web | title=Caddo (Kadahadacho) | publisher=Oklahoma Historical Society | url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/C/CA003.html | access-date=May 2, 2010 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719220154/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/C/CA003.html | archive-date=July 19, 2010 }} Oklahoma Historical Society</ref> Eventually, the Caddo were forced to reservations.
 
The [[Tawakoni]]<ref>{{Handbook of Texas | name=Tawakoni Indians| id= bmt22| author=Krieger, Margery H | retrieved=2 May 2, 2010}} Texas State Historical Association</ref> branch of [[Wichita people|Wichita Indians]] originated as a tribe north of Texas, but migrated south into East Texas. From 1843 onward, the Tawakoni were part of treaties made by both the [[Republic of Texas]] and the United States. The name of the Tawakoni was also sometimes spelled as Tehuacana.
 
===County established===
Line 52 ⟶ 53:
 
==Geography==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|892|sqmi|abbr=on}}, of which {{convert|878|sqmi|abbr=on}} are land and {{convert|14|sqmi|abbr=on}} (1.6%) are covered by water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=April 26, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}}</ref>
 
===Major highways===
* [[Image:I-45 (TX).svg|20px]] [[Interstate 45 (Texas)|Interstate 45]]
* [[Image:US 79.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 79 (in Texas)|U.S. Highway 79]]
* [[Image:US 84.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 84 (in Texas)|U.S. Highway 84]]
* [[Image:US 287.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 287 (in Texas)|U.S. Highway 287]]
* [[Image:Texas 14.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 14|State Highway 14]]
* [[Image:Texas 75.svg|20px]] [[Texas State Highway 75|State Highway 75]]
Line 94 ⟶ 95:
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br />1850–2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://texasalmanac.com/sites/default/files/images/topics/ctypophistweb2010.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://texasalmanac.com/sites/default/files/images/topics/ctypophistweb2010.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live|title=Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010|publisher=Texas Almanac|access-date=April 26, 2015}}</ref> 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2/> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/>
}}
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"▼
===2020 census===
|+'''Freestone County, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos canmay be of any race.''}}</small>▼
▲{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Freestone!Race County,/ TexasEthnicity - Demographic Profile'''<brsmall> (''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Freestone County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=0500000US48161&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date= }}</ref>
!Race / Ethnicity
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 HISPANICHispanic ORor LATINOLatino, ANDand NOTNot HISPANICHispanic ORor LATINOLatino BYby RACERace -– 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) -– Freestone County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=0500000US48161&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 HISPANICHispanic ORor LATINOLatino, ANDand NOTNot HISPANICHispanic ORor LATINOLatino BYby RACERace -– 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) -– Freestone County, Texas|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=0500000US48161&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|12,817823▼
|13,656
|style='background: #ffffe6; |12,817
▲|12,817
|6571.9577%▼
|68.91%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |65.95%
▲|65.95%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|3,155359▼
|3,164
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2,740
|2,740
|1418.1080%▼
|15.97%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |14.10%
▲|14.10%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|48
|77
|style='background: #ffffe6; |64
|64
|0.3327%▼
|0.39%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.33%
▲|0.33%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|44
|50
|style='background: #ffffe6; |66
|66
|0.25%
|0.3425%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.34%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|3
|5
|style='background: #ffffe6; |11
|11
|0.0602%▼
|0.03%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.06%
▲|0.06%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|12
|8
|style='background: #ffffe6; |46
|46
|0.2407%▼
|0.04%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.24%
▲|0.24%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race/Multi-Racial or Multiracial]] (NH)
|113
|162
|style='background: #ffffe6; |536
|536
|20.7663%▼
|0.82%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.76%
▲|2.76%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|1,465
|2,694
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,155
▲|3,155
|168.2320%▼
|13.60%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |16.23%
▲|16.23%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''17,867'''
|'''19,816'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''19,435'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}
▲''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''
 
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR8">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2011-05-May 14, 2011 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2010, 19,816 people, 6,588 households, and 4,664 families were residing in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|20 people|/sq mi (8mi2|/km<sup>2</sup>)km2|disp=preunit|people|people|abbr=on}}. The 8,138 housing units averaged {{convert|9|/sq mi (4mi2|/km<sup>2</sup>)km2}}.▼
===2000 Census===
▲As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR8">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2011-05-14 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2010, 19,816 people, 6,588 households, and 4,664 families were residing in the county. The [[population density]] was 20 people/sq mi (8/km<sup>2</sup>). The 8,138 housing units averaged 9/sq mi (4/km<sup>2</sup>).
 
The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the county was 73.1% White, 16.1% African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 8.1% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. About 13.6% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
 
Of the 7,259 households, 28% had children under 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.6% were not families. About 27% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.51, and the average family size was 3.05.
 
In the county, the age distribution was 23.6% under 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.4% who were 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 110.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.80 males.
 
The median income for a household in the county was $44,560, and for a family was $59,696. Males had a median income of $30,633 versus $19,214 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $16,338. About 9.80% of families and 14.20% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 16.80% of those under age 18 and 14.30% of those age 65 or over.
 
==Media==
Freestone County is currently listed as part of the [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]]-[[Fort Worth, Texas|Fort Worth]] [[Designated Market Area|DMA]], although it is located in eastern [[Central Texas]], geographically closer to the [[Waco, Texas|Waco]] metropolitan area. Local media outlets include: [[KDFW-TV]], [[KXAS-TV]], [[WFAA-TV]], [[KTVT-TV]], [[KERA-TV]], [[KTXA-TV]], [[KDFI-TV]], [[KDAF-TV]], and [[KFWD-TV]], and all of the Waco/[[Temple, Texas|Temple]]/[[Killeen, Texas|Killeen]] market stations also provide coverage for Freestone County. They include: [[KCEN-TV]], [[KWTX-TV]], [[KXXV-TV]], [[KDYWKAKW-DT|KAKW-TV]], and [[KWKT-TV]].
 
''The Freestone County Times'' and ''The Fairfield Recorder'' newspapers serve the county. ''The Teague Chronicle'' is the hometown newspaper of Teague (Freestone County), Texas, and has served Teague and Freestone Counties for over a century.
Line 199 ⟶ 217:
* [[Coutchman, Texas|Coutchman]]
 
==Notable residentspeople==
{{See also|:Category:People from Freestone County, Texas}}
* [[Leonard Davis (American football)|Leonard Davis]] (born 1978), [[NFL]] offensive lineman for the [[Dallas Cowboys]], grew up in Wortham.
* [[Blind Lemon Jefferson]] (1893{{ndash}}1929), [[blues]] musician, was born near Wortham.
* [[Washington Phillips]] (1880{{ndash}}1954), [[gospel blues]] musician, was born in the county.
* [[George Watkins (baseball player)|George Watkins]] (1900{{ndash}}70), [[Major League Baseball]] player who owns the record for highest batting average as a rookie, was born in the county.
 
==Politics==
{{PresHead|place=Freestone County, Texas|whig=no|source1=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=2018-07-July 23, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP/Whig vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|6,991|1,635|85|Texas}}
Line 237 ⟶ 255:
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|637|1,575|99|Texas}}
{{PresFoot|1912|Democratic|475|1,305|30|Texas}}
 
==Education==
School districts include:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48161_freestone/DC20SD_C48161.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Freestone County, TX|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2024-09-26}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st48_tx/schooldistrict_maps/c48161_freestone/DC20SD_C48161_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Buffalo Independent School District]]
* [[Corsicana Independent School District]]
* [[Dew Independent School District]]
* [[Fairfield Independent School District]]
* [[Mexia Independent School District]]
* [[Oakwood Independent School District]]
* [[Teague Independent School District]]
* [[Wortham Independent School District]]
{{div col end}}
 
The entire county is in the service area of [[Navarro College]], according to the Texas Education Code.<ref>Texas Education Code, "[https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/ED/htm/ED.130.htm Sec. 130.189. NAVARRO COLLEGE DISTRICT SERVICE AREA.]</ref>
 
==See also==
Line 248 ⟶ 281:
==External links==
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.co.freestone.tx.us/ Freestone County government's website]
* {{Handbook of Texas|id=hcf09|name=Freestone County}}
* See a map, [https://archive.today/20121215053828/http://texashistory.unt.edu/permalink/meta-pth-2458 ''Freestone County / sponsored by Freestone County Historical Survey Committee.''] hosted by the [http://texashistory.unt.edu/ Portal to Texas History].
* [http://www.freestonecountytimes.com/ Freestone County Times homepage]
 
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