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| image_caption = {{hlist|Clockwise from top: [[Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi fortress|Fortress]]|{{nowrap|Savior-Transfiguration}} Cathedral|view on the Fortress and [[Tyras]] from above}}
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| image_shield = Герб Білгорода-Дністровського.svg
| image_flag = Flag of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (1-1).svg
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| subdivision_name3 = [[Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi urban hromada]]
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'''Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi''' ({{lang-langx|uk|Бі́лгородБілгород-Дністро́вськийДністровський}}, {{IPA-|uk|ˈb⁽ʲ⁾iɫɦorod d⁽ʲ⁾n⁽ʲ⁾iˈstrɔu̯sʲkɪj|IPA}}; {{lang-langx|ro|Cetatea Albă}}; {{lang-langx|ru|Белгород-Днестровский|Belgorod-Dnestrovskiy}}), historically known as '''Aq Kirmān''' ({{lang-langx|tr|Akkerman}}) or by [[#Nomenclature|other names]], is a port city in [[Odesa Oblast]], southwestern [[Ukraine]]. It is situated on the right bank of the [[Dniester Estuary]] leading to the [[Black Sea]],<ref name=Kaba/> in the historical region of [[Budjak]]. It also serves as the administrative center of [[Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion]] and is coterminous with ''Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi urban hromada'', one of the [[hromada]]s of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_bilhorod-dnistrovskyi_city">{{cite web |title=Белгород-Днестровская городская громада |url=https://gromada.info/ru/obschina/bilgorod/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=ru}}</ref> It is the location of a large [[Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky Seaport|freight seaport]]. Population: {{Ua-pop-est2022|47,727|punct=.}}
 
== Name ==
The city of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi is also referred to by alternative [[transliteration]]s from Ukrainian as '''Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky'''. ''DnistrovskyDnistrovskyi'' was added to differentiate it from [[Belgorod]] (in Ukrainian Bilhorod), a city in Russia, when both were a part of the [[Soviet Union]].
 
;Previous names
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* '''Akkerman''', [[Ottoman Turkish language|Ottoman Turkish]] ("White Castle")<ref>C. Blackie, ''Etymological Geography'' (London: Daldy, Isbister, & Co., 1876), [https://archive.org/details/etymologicalgeo00blac/page/19 p. 19].</ref> and Russian name until 1944
* '''Aqkermen''', [[Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]] name
* '''Belgorod-Dnestrovskiy''', Russian (Бе́лгородБелгород-Днестро́вскийДнестровский, "White city on the Dniester")
* '''Weißenburg''', ("White Castle"), [[German language|German]] name
 
The town became part of the Principality of [[Moldavia]] in 1359. The fortress was enlarged and rebuilt in 1407 under [[Alexandru cel Bun|Alexander the Good]] and in 1440 under [[Stephen II of Moldavia]].<ref name=Kaba/> It fell to Ottoman conquest on August 5, 1487. The city was known in [[Romanian language|Romanian]] as '''Cetatea Albă'''<ref name=Kaba>{{cite book|last=Kaba|first=John|title=Politico-economic Review of Basarabia|year=1919|publisher=American Relief Administration|location=United States|page=15|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7313/view/1/15/}}</ref> with other languages using the Turkish name, '''Akkerman''', or variations of the Turkish name. Since 1944 the city has been known as "Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi" (Білгород-Дністровський), while on the Soviet geography maps often translated into its [[Russian language|Russian]] equivalent of "'''Belgorod-Dnestrovskiy'''" (Бе́лгородБелгород-Днестро́вскийДнестровский), literally "white city on the Dniester".
 
The city is known by translations of "white city" or "castle" in a number of languages including Белгород Днестровски (''Belgorod-Dnestrovski'') in [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]], ''Akerman'' (Акерман) in [[Gagauz language|Gagauz]], ''Białogród nad Dniestrem'' in [[Polish language|Polish]], ''Walachisch Weißenburg'' in [[Transylvanian Saxon dialect|Transylvanian German]],<ref>Hans Miksch. ''Wien— das Stalingrad der Osmanen.'' Volume 3 of ''Der Kampf der Kaiser und Kalifen.'' Bernard & Graefe, 1992. {{ISBN|9783763754717}} p. 106.</ref> ''Dnyeszterfehérvár'' in [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] and {{lang|he|עיר לבן}} (''Ir Lavan'') in [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]].
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As of 1920, the population was estimated at 35,000. 8,000 were [[Romanian people|Romanian]], 8,000 were [[Jewish people|Jewish]], and 5,000 were [[German people|German]]. Additional populations included Turks, [[Greek people|Greeks]], [[Bulgarian people|Bulgarians]] and [[Russian people|Russians]].<ref name=Kaba/>
 
According to the [[2001 Ukrainian census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/|title=All-Ukrainian population census-|website=www.ukrcensus.gov.ua}}</ref> the majority of the city's population are [[Ukrainians]] (6362.88%). Other important communities include [[Russians]] (28.25%), [[Bulgarians]] (3.772%) and, [[Moldovans]]/[[Romanians]] (1.989%), Gagauz (0.41%) and Romanians (0.02%).<ref>The Ukrainian census of 2001, ethnicity/nationality data by localities, at http://pop-stat.mashke.org/ukraine-ethnic2001.htm {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref> The language situation is notably different, with self-identified [[Russian language|Russian]]-speakers representing a majority (54.52%), followed by speakers of [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] (42.08%), [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] (1.666%), andMoldovan [[Romanian(0.67%) language|Romanian]]and Gagauz (10.319%).<ref>The Ukrainian census of 2001, language data by localities, at https://socialdata.org.ua/projects/mova-2001/ {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>
 
== Geography ==
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== Notable people ==
* [[Nicolas Astrinidis]] (1921-20101921–2010), composer who settled in Greece
* [[Elena Cernei]] (1924–2000), Romanian opera singer
* [[Mihail Crama]] (1923–1994), Romanian poet and prose writer
* [[Oleksiy Kikireshko]] (born 1977), rally driver
* [[Boris Levenson]] (1884-19471884–1947), composer and conductor
* [[Vasyl Lomachenko]] (born 1988), Ukrainian professional boxer
* [[Jacques Roitfeld]] (1889–1999), French film producer
* [[Porfiriy Stamatov]] (1840–1925), Minister of Justice of Bulgaria (1881)
* [[Tamara Tchinarova]] (1919-20171919–2017), ballet dancer
* [[Nicolae Văcăroiu]] (born 1943), former [[Prime Minister of Romania]]
* [[Osip Yermansky]] (1867-19411867–1941), Menshevik economist
 
== Sister cities ==
 
* {{Flag|TUR}} [[Fethiye]], Turkey <ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-25 |title=Місто Білгород-Дністровський та місто Фетхіє стали містами-побратимами |url=http://bilgorod-d.gov.ua/page/msto_blgoroddnstrovskii_ta_msto_feth_stali_mstamipobratimami |access-date=2024-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210725165653/http://bilgorod-d.gov.ua/page/msto_blgoroddnstrovskii_ta_msto_feth_stali_mstamipobratimami |archive-date=25 July 2021 }}</ref>
* {{Flag|ARM}} [[Vagharshapat]], Armenia <ref>{{Cite web |title=Город Белгород-Днестровский обзавелся побратимом в Армении |url=http://trassae95.com/all/news/2018/03/22/gorod-belgorod-dnestrovskij-obzavelsya-pobratimom-v-armenii-45132.html |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=Трасса Е-95}}</ref>
 
== Gallery ==
<gallery perrow="8">
File:Акерманська фортеця. Генуезький замок (цитадель) 03.jpg|The inner partcitadel of fortress[[Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi fortress|Akkerman. fortress]]
File:Белгород-Днестровский 3256.jpg|The excavations in front of Akkerman.Tyras
File:BilhorodDnistrovskyy Akkerman3.JPG|TheView fortressof Akkermanthe fortress from the sea.
File:Belgorod ua.jpg|The walls of Fortressthe Akkerman.fortress
File:Аккерманська фортеця - комплекс.jpg|Aerial photo of the Akkerman fortress.
File:Будівля земської управи 065.JPG|High school building in Bilhorod-Dnistrovs'kyj
File:Аккерман P1440123 Синагога.jpg|Synagogue
File:Білгород-Дністровський P1440087 Особняк Феміліді.jpg|Local museum
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File:Білгород-Дністровський .Церква Миколаївська.Профіль.JPG|St. Nicholas Church
File:Церква Успіння Пречистої Богородиці.jpg|Armenian Dormition Church (14th century)
File:Temple and shopping center.JPG|Temple of Salvation and a shopping center at Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi
</gallery>
 
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{{Odesa Oblast}}
{{Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion}}
{{Seven Wonders of Ukraine}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:Izmail Oblast]]
[[Category:Cities in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion]]
[[Category:Market towns in Moldavia]]
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