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|height = {{convert|50|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name=Autocar1977/>
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The XJ-S was introduced on 10 September 1975.<ref>[http://www.classic-xjs-sales.co.uk/pages/history.htm ''XJS History'', www.classic-xjs-sales.co.uk] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160112044856/http://classic-xjs-sales.co.uk/pages/history.htm |date=12 January 2016 }} Retrieved 29 August 2015</ref> The design and development had begun in the late 1960s by the code name of project XJ27, with an initial shape penned by Malcolm Sayer, but after his death in 1970 it was completed by the in-house Jaguar design team, headed by Doug Thorpe. Power came from the [[Jaguar V12 engine]] with a choice of a [[manual transmission|manual]] or an [[automatic transmission]], but the manual was soon dropped as they were left over from V12 [[Jaguar E Type|E Type]] production. V12 powered production automobiles were unusual at the time; Italian luxury sports car makers [[Lamborghini]] and [[Ferrari]] produced such models. The specifications of the XJ-S compared well with both Italian cars; it was able to accelerate to {{convert|60|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on|order=flip}} in 7.6 seconds (automatic models) and had a top speed of {{convert|143|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on|order=flip}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.performance-car-guide.co.uk/jaguar-xjs.html|title=Performance Car Guide}}</ref> The first series of XJ-S cars had a [[BorgWarner]] Model 12 transmission with a cast-iron case and a bolt-on bell-housing. In 1977, General Motors' [[Turbo-Hydramatic|Turbo-Hydramatic 400]] transmissions were fitted.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Osborne|first=Donald|title=GT Sleepers for Monterey Week|journal=[[Sports Car Market]]|date=September 2012|volume=24|issue=9|pages=44–45|issn=1527-859X}}</ref> The TH400 transmission was an all-aluminium alloy case with an integrated non-detachable bell-housing. The XJ-S was originally supplied with [[Dunlop Tyres|Dunlop]] SP Super E205/70VR15 tyres on 6K alloy wheels; British police upgraded their Jaguars to a higher-performance 205/70VR15 [[Michelin]] XWX tyres.<ref>Paul Skilleter, ''Jaguar Sports Cars'', pp.323 {{ISBN|0-85429-166-0}}.</ref> At the end of the 1970s Jaguar started to fit the 205/70VR15 Pirelli P5. The Pirelli P5 was the tyre that Jaguar had asked Pirelli to produce to improve their luxury cars. European and Canadian spec XJ-S models were fitted with two molded headlights, while models for the US (until 1992) were fitted with four round sealed beam lights due to legislation.
Jaguar launched the XJ-S in the wake of a fuel crisis, when the market for a 5.3-litre V12 grand tourer was small. The buttresses behind the windows were criticised at the time as German authorities feared these would restrict rearward vision, and refused to give type approval to the XJ-S
Italian styling house [[Pininfarina]] introduced a 1978 concept car based on the XJ-S, called the Jaguar XJSpider;<ref>{{Harvnb|Long|2004|p=73}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.classicdriver.com/en/article/cars/classic-concepts-1978-jaguar-xj-spider-pininfarina|title=Classic Concepts: 1978 Jaguar XJ Spider by Pininfarina|first= Joe | last = Breeze|date=2012-02-03|publisher=Classic Driver}}</ref> which did not see production.
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From July 1981, the XJ-S was renamed the XJ-S HE and received the new [[Jaguar V12 engine#5.3 Litre HE|High-Efficiency V12 engine]] for much better fuel economy.
===Six-cylinder and convertible models===
In 1983, the new 3.6-litre [[Jaguar AJ6 engine|Jaguar AJ6 straight-six engine]] was introduced along with a new convertible model called the '''XJ-SC'''. The coupé's rather small rear seats were removed in order to make space for the removable soft top, making it a
Between 1983 and 1987, the six-cylinder-engined cars were only available with a five-speed manual transmission (Getrag 265), with a four-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22) offered from 1987 onwards (along with improved fuel injection as used on the [[Jaguar XJ40|XJ40]]). The earlier, manual models were not imported by Jaguar into the United States, which had to wait until the facelift manual 4-litre XJS coupé and convertible became available. A V12 powered XJ-SC was introduced in 1985.
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Jaguar XJS V12 5343cc September 1990, rear three quarters.jpg|Rear view (V12 HE)
1986 Jaguar XJ-SC V12 (US).jpg|1986 Jaguar XJ-SC targa convertible (US spec)
Jaguar (9476620848).jpg
1988 Jaguar XJS Convertible (22095074342).jpg|Interior (convertible)
Jaguar XJ-S rear seats.jpg|Rear seats of a 1982 XJ-S HE coupé, showing the 2+2 seating layout
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'''XJ-SC'''
The first XJ-SC was produced on June 28, 1982, the last January 26, 1988. In all 5013 XJ-SC Cabriolets were built. These cars were different in that they had a Targa/Convertible body style with removable Targa panels over the two seater passenger compartment, similar to T-tops, plus a fabric rear section including the rear window; there was an optional hard top for the rear section. Approximately 1598 Right Hand Drive and 3416 Left Hand Drive cars built. Whilst there are a small number of the XJ-SC cars with the rear seat conversion, Jaguar Cars only ever produced one such car which was specially built for Princess Diana.{{
===Hess & Eisenhardt convertible===
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===XJR-S===
[[File:1993 Jaguar XJR-S
[[File:1993 Jaguar XJR-S in Flamenco Red, rear right side.jpg|thumb|1993 Jaguar XJR-S rear]]
From 1988 to 1993, a special high performance XJR-S version equipped with the {{convert|5344|cc|L|1|order=flip}} [[Jaguar V12 engine#5.3-litre HE|HE V12 engine]] was produced by the newly formed JaguarSport, a separate company owned in a ratio of 50:50 by Jaguar and [[Tom Walkinshaw Racing|TWR Group Limited]] specialising in developing high performance Jaguar sports cars. The car had a distinctive [[body kit]], special 15" alloy wheels, 235/60R15 Pirelli P600 tyres, a unique suspension system utilising modified coil springs and Bilstein shocks, a luxurious interior with Connolly Autolux leather along with walnut wood trim, and handling improvements. The first 100 of these cars were named "Celebration Le Mans" to commemorate Jaguar's [[1988 24 Hours of Le Mans|1988 win]] at the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]] and were only sold in the UK. Between 1988 and 1989, a total of 326 XJR-S cars were produced with the {{convert|5344|cc|L|1|order=flip}} engine which has a power output of {{cvt|318|hp|kW|0}}. After September 1989, the displacement of the engine was increased to {{convert|5993|cc|L|1|abbr=on}} and it was now equipped with [[Zytek]] fuel injection and engine management system. This was different from the standard [[Jaguar V12 engine#6.0 Litre HE|6.0-litre engine]] used in the late XJS models and was unique to this model. The power output was raised to {{cvt|333|PS|hp kW|0}} at 5,250 rpm and {{convert|495|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} of torque at 3,650 rpm due to a higher compression ratio of 11.0:1, a new forged steel crankshaft, increased bore and forged alloy pistons. A modified air intake system and a low loss dual exhaust system was also standard on the model. The engine was mated to the 3-speed GM400 automatic transmission utilising a recalibrated valve body and had faster shift times. The car was equipped with 16" Dunlop D40 M2 tyres for better grip. These modifications resulted in a top speed of {{convert|160|mph|kph|abbr=on|order=flip}}. During a comparison test conducted by Motorsport magazine in 1997, the XJR-S outperformed the other competitors which included a [[BMW 8 Series (E31)|BMW 850i]], [[Porsche 928|Porsche 928 GT]] and a [[Ferrari Mondial]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hemmings.com/blog/article/1993-jaguar-xjr-s/|title=1993 Jaguar XJR-S|date=July 2009|first=Craig|last=Fitzgerald|publisher=Hemmings|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/december-1997/96/jaguar-xjrs|title=Jaguar XJRS|date=December 1997|first=Andrew|last=Frankel|publisher=Motorsport Magazine|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref>
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The XJS was relaunched in its final form in May 1991 under [[Ford Motor Company]]'s new ownership, as a division of its Premier Auto Group. Ford dropped the model name's hyphen, marketing it as the XJS.<ref name="AR94">{{cite book | title = Automobil Revue 1994 | editor-last = Büschi | editor-first = Hans-Ulrich | publisher = Hallwag AG | location = Berne, Switzerland | language = de, fr | page = 318 | volume = 89 | date = 10 March 1994 | isbn = 3-444-00584-9 }}</ref>
The car received a new 4.0-litre version of the [[Jaguar AJ6 engine#4.0|AJ6 straight-six engine]]. In 1992, a convertible model having the same engine was added to the range. The V12 engine's capacity was enlarged to 6.0 litres in May 1992 and it had a power output of {{Convert|227|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="AR94"/>
In April 1994, substantial revisions were made to the 4.0-litre AJ6 engine, which was now equipped with coil-on-plug ignition and given the new code name AJ16. In 1995, the final specification changes were made and the car was referred to as the Celebration model, to celebrate the 60th year of Jaguar Cars. Celebration cars feature [[Diamond turning|diamond turned]] wheels, Jaguar embossed seats, and a wooden steering wheel.
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The XJS was discontinued in 1996, after 21 years in production, superseded by the [[Jaguar XK8|XK8]].
<gallery widths="
File:1996 Jaguar XJS conv rear.jpg|Facelift (post-1991) XJS convertible; note revised rear lights
File:1996 Jaguar XJS Coupe 6.0 Front.jpg|Facelift (post-1991) XJS 6.0 in profile view; note revised side windows
File:1993 Jaguar XJR-S in Flamenco Red, front
</gallery>
{{Clear}}
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=== Lynx Eventer ===
[[File:Lynx Eventer facelift rear.jpg|thumb|left|Lynx Eventer]]
A number of XJS's were modified by coachbuilders Lynx to create a three-door shooting brake, marketed as the ''Lynx Eventer''. Records suggest that 52 pre-facelift XJ-S, and 15 post-facelift XJS, were adapted, with 18 being left hand drive and 49 being right hand drive.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lynxeventer.com/en/lynx/|title=Lynx Eventer webpage}}</ref>
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[[File:Lister (19789030873).jpg|thumb|left|A Lister-Jaguar XJS]]
[[File:1990 Lister Le Mans.jpg|thumb|1990 Lister-Jaguar XJS Le Mans]]
In 1986, the newly-formed [[Lister Cars]], under the leadership of engineer Laurence Pearce, began offering a high performance package for the Jaguar XJS. The cars were sold as Lister-Jaguar and 90 customer cars in total were converted. Lister teamed up with two manufacturers namely WP Automotive and BLE Automotive to carry out the conversion process. The standard package included increased engine displacement to 7.0-litres, a modified fuel injection system with four additional injectors and throttle bodies, larger engine valves along with connecting rods manufactured by [[Cosworth]], a new crankshaft, new cylinder heads, new inlet and exhaust valves, new bearing caps, and a new body kit featuring a spoiler at the rear with a modified rear light clusters and flared wheel arches to accommodate the wide tyres. The modified suspension system featured Koni dampers having 30% stiffer rebound than the original and having a modified rear subframe arrangement with wishbones and radius arms relocated to provide greater triangulation and reduce axle tramp. The new shocks were 100%
Some customers
{{clear}}
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* Autoart produced 1/18 versions of the coupé, convertible and Group A race car that won the 1984 Spa 24 Hour race.
* Oxford produce a 1/76 coupé in a number of colours, including a Return of the Saint and Police car version.
* A 1/64 scale model by [[Hot Wheels]], potraying a US-spec version.
==References==
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*[https://drives.today/posts/104/buyers-guide/jaguar-xjs/richard-dredge.html Buyer’s Guide Jaguar XJS]
*[http://www.aronline.co.uk/blogs/cars/jaguar/xj-s/daimler-xj-s/ Photos and a short article about the Daimler XJS prototype]
*[http://jcna.com/ Jaguar Clubs of North America]
*[http://www.jagweb.com/aj6eng/ Jaguar Performance – UK]
*[http://www.kwecars.com/kwe-introducing-the-jaguar-xjs/ Jaguar Upgrades & Renewals – UK]
*[http://www.v12s.com/ v12s – USA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522035104/http://www.v12s.com/ |date=22 May 2022 }}
*[http://www.v12performance.com/ Jaguar Performance & Cooling – USA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623135137/http://www.v12performance.com/ |date=23 June 2021 }}
*[https://www.jaguar.com/jaguar-racing/index.html Jaguar International Racing]
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[[Category:Touring cars]]
[[Category:Coupés]]
[[Category:2+2 coupés]]
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