Sundanese cuisine: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|Cuisine of the Sundanese people, Indonesia}}

[[File:Food Sundanese Restaurant, Jakarta.jpg|thumb|right|260px|Indonesian [[Sundanese cuisine|Sundanese food]]meal; ''[[Ikan bakar]]'' (Grilled fish), ''[[Nasi timbel]]'' (Rice wrapped in banana leaf), ''[[Ayam goreng]]'' (Fried chicken), ''[[Sambal]]'' (Chili sauce), ''[[Tempeh#Tempeh goreng|Tempe goreng]]'' (Fried ''[[tempeh]]''), ''[[Tahu goreng]]'' (Fried ''[[tofu]]''), and ''[[Sayur asem]]'' (Sour vegetable soup); the bowl of water with lime is for hand washing called ''[[Finger bowl|Kobokan]]''.]]

'''Sundanese cuisine''' ({{langx|id|Hidangan Sunda}}; {{Langx|su|{{Sund|ᮃᮞᮊᮔ᮪ ᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓ}}|translit=Asakan Sunda}}) is the cuisine of the [[Sundanese people]] of [[West Java|Western Java]], and [[Banten]], [[Indonesia]]. It is one of the most popular foods in Indonesia. Sundanese food is characterised by its freshness; the famous [[lalab]] eaten with [[sambal]] and also [[karedok]] demonstrate the Sundanese fondness for fresh raw vegetables. Unlike the rich and spicy taste, infused with coconut milk and curry of [[Minangkabau cuisine]], the Sundanese cuisine displays the simple and clear taste; ranged from savoury salty, fresh sourness, mild sweetness, to hot and spicy.

Fresh water fishes such as [[carp]], [[gourami]], [[tilapia]] and [[catfish]] are usually either being ''bakar'' (grilled) or ''goreng'' (deep fried) and usually served with sambal or sweet [[soy sauce]]. Sundanese people has developed fondness for [[Salt-cured meat|salted]] seafoods. Various fried salted fishes, [[Anchovies as food|anchovy]], and salted [[cuttlefish]] is popular in Sundanese daily diet. The ''pais'' or [[pepes]] cooking method that employs [[banana leaf]] as the wrapper of food is also common in Sundanese cuisine. Among other, ''pais lauk emas'' or carp fish pepes is among the favourite pepes dishes.

[[Chicken as food|Chicken]] are usually either fried or grilled, also served with sambal or sweet soy sauce. ''Bakakak hayam'' is Sundanese style [[ayam bakar]] (grilled chicken). Sometimes chicken also can be made as pepes or soup. Meats such as [[beef]], [[water buffalo]], [[lamb and mutton|lamb]], [[mutton]], or [[Goat meat|goat]] can be marinated with the mixture of spices and [[coconut sugar]] and fried to make the ''[[empal gepuk]]'' sweet fried meat, sprinkled with fried [[shallots]]. Beef and [[potato]] sometimes are stewed in sweet soy sauce and spices as ''[[Semur (Indonesian stew)|semur daging]]''. Cow [[Liver (food)|liver]] and [[jengkol]] stinky bean also can be made as ''semur'' as well. Goat, mutton, and lamb meat also can be made as [[satay]] in Sundanese style, such as ''sate maranggi''. ''Gulai kambing'' (lamb curry), and ''empal gentong'' goat meat and [[offal]] [[curry]] is also popular soup.

In Sundanese cuisine establishments, it is common to eat with one's hands. They usually serve ''kobokan'', a bowl of tap water with a slice of lime in it to give a fresh scent. This bowl of water with lime in it should not to be consumed, however; it isare used to wash one's handhands before and after eating.

Sundanese traditional restaurantrestaurants may feature a traditional dinedining style called ''lesehan''; having a dinewhere whileone seatingeats on the floor, coveredsitting withon a straw or bamboo mat. The dishes may be served on a short legged table or altogether served on the mat. This dinedining style is quite similar with the Japanese traditional [[tatami]] dine style. The Sundanese traditional restaurantrestaurants in rural villagevillages may also feature a ''saung'' style restaurant. ItWhich features several small eating pavilions that might be built near or over fresh water fish ponds. The fish ponds containstypically alivecontain live fresh water fishesfish such as carp and gourami, that mightcan be selected and ordered by customers to be freshly cooked immediately.

In popular Indonesian culture, Sundanese restaurantrestaurants can often can be easily distinguished by containing the name ''"Kuring"'', thus led to the terms "Kuring"-food or "Kuring"-restaurant. However this namingname wasis rather misleading, since in the [[Sundanese language]] the word ''Kuring'' is a common, and colloquial, yet rather coarse form which refers to referthe first-person singular personal pronoun ("I" or "me"), alsoand as the possessive adjective ("my"). This naming trend was led by restaurants that tried to imitate the famous Sundanese restaurant ''Lembur Kuring'' ([[Sundanese language|Sundanese]]: "My Home Village"). Some examples of famous Sundanese restaurants are Ampera, Boboko, Bumbu Desa, Ciganea, Dapur Sunda, Laksana, Lembur Kuring, Mang Engking, Mang Kabayan, Ma' Uneh, Ponyo, Sari Kuring, Saung Kuring, Sindang Reret and Talaga Sampireun.

* [[Nasi timbel]], referringrefers to the style of wrappingcooking awhere one wraps cooked hot steamed rice in a [[banana leaf]]. The heat of the hot-cooked rice touchescontacts the banana leaf and producedproduces a unique aroma. It is made in ways similar to that of making [[lontong]]; compressed, rolled, and wrapped in banana leaves; it then evolves into a complete dish served with various side-dishes like fried chicken, duck or, pigeon, empal gepuk, jambal roti, tahu, tempeh, sayur asem, or with lalab and sambal. Nasi timbel later evolved to [[nasi bakar]].

* [[Nasi liwet]] Sunda, onea pot“one cookingpot” dish consisting of rice, and seasoned with spices like galangal, lemon grass, and Indonesian bay leaves. To further enhance the flavour, usually parts of a salted fish are thrown inadded as well.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.epicurina.com/2011/10/what-is-nasi-liwet-sunda.html|title=What is Nasi Liwet Sunda?|website=blog.epicurina.com|access-date=19 October 2017|archive-date=20 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420080514/http://blog.epicurina.com/2011/10/what-is-nasi-liwet-sunda.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

* [[Nasi tutug oncom]], or hot steamed rice is usually mixed with roasted oncom, shallots, and [[kencur]], usuallyand is typically served with [[krupuk]], sambal terasi, and anchovy.

* [[Lalab]],: raw vegetablesvegetable salad usually eaten with [[sambal]]

* [[Sambal|Sambal terasi]],: mortar ground chillies with [[shrimp paste]]

* [[Karedok]],: raw vegetable salad in [[peanut sauce]]

* [[Lotek (food)|Lotek]],: boiled vegetable salad in [[peanut sauce]]

* [[Sayur Asem]],: sour tamarind vegetable soup.

* [[Oncom]],: a type of fermented food similar to [[tempeh]]. Oncom can be fried, made pepesinto “pepes” or stir fried with vegetables such as ''Ulukutek Leunca'' ([[Solanum nigrum]]) or ''Oncom Peuteuy'' (green [[stink bean]]).

* Tumis Tauco,: vegetables stir fried with fermented soybean paste sauce. Tauco is similar to Japanese [[miso]] paste.

* Tumis Kangkung,: stir fried of [[water spinach]]

* Various [[Pepes]],: pepes isrefers to a cooking method employingwhich employs a banana leaf wrapper,. variousVarious ingredients could be made into pepes, such as carp, anchovy, tofu, oncom, leunca, mushroom, salted egg, etc. The most famous recipe is ''Pais Lauk Emas'' (carp fish pepes).

* Various [[Ikan bakar]],: literaryliterally means "grilled fish", served with a sweet [[soy sauce]] and chilli dipping sauce. The fish could be carp, gourami, tilapia, or catfish.

* Various [[Ikan goreng]],: literaryliterally means "fried fish",. It is served with sweet soy sauce and chilli dipping sauce. The fish could be carp, gourami, tilapia, or catfish. The famous recipe is ''Gurame goreng kipas'', which is deep fried gourami with flesh spread like a fan.

* Various Ikan Asin, or [[Salt-cured meat|salted]] fishes, which are mostly seafood fishesdishes such as ''peda'', ''jambal'', ''pari'' ([[Batoidea|rays]]), ''ikan asin bulu ayam'', ''teri'' ([[Anchovies as food|anchovy]]), and ''cumi asin'' (cuttlefish); also fresh water ''gabus'' ([[Snakehead (fish)|snakehead]]).

* [[Bakakak hayam]],: SundaneseA Sundanese-style grilled chicken

* Soto Bandung,: a type of [[soto (food)|soto]], beef and daikon soup

* [[Soto mie]],: a type of [[soto (food)|soto]] with rice vermicelli, spring roll and beef tendon

* [[Mie kocok]],: a type of [[noodle]] dish with beef meat and [[kikil]]

* Sate Maranggi,: a Sundanese style marinated [[satay]] usually using goat meat

* [[Gulai|Gulai Kambing]],: goat or mutton meat and [[offal]] curry

* [[Empal gentong]],: a type of goat or mutton meat and offal curry from [[Cirebon]]

* [[Empal gepuk]],: sweet and spicy fried beef

* [[Laksa|Laksa Bogor]],: a variant of [[laksa]] from Bogor

* [[Kupat tahu]],: [[ketupat]], tofu, rice vermicelli and beansprouts in peanut sauce

* [[Asinan]],: a type of vinegar -fermented vegetablesvegetable or fruit dish.

* [[Siomay|Baso Tahu]],: an Indonesian style dimsum with peanut sauce, also known as [[Siomay]] Bandung.

* [[Batagor]],: Baso Tahu Goreng, or fried bakso and tofu.

* [[Seblak]],: stir fried wet ''[[krupuk]]'' with other ingredients.

* [[Serabi|Surabi]],: a traditional rice flour pancake in sweet coconut sugar syrup or topped with spicy oncom mixture

* [[Tahu Sumedang]],: a fried [[tofu]] snack

* [[Tahu gejrot]],: slightly fermented fried tofu snack with slices of shallots, chilli, and garlic in spicy-sweet sauce

* [[Bakwan|Bala-bala]],: a fried dough snack made from various chopped vegetables

* Cireng,: fried dough snack made from sago or cassava flour. The name comes from "Aci goreng" (Sundanese: "fried sago flour".)

* [[Cilok]],: flavoured [[sago]] balls which are skewered. The name comes from "Aci dicolok" (Sundanese: "poked sago balls".)

* Cimol,: [[sago]] balls snack

* Colenak,: roasted cassava with sweet coconut dipping sauce. The name comes from "Dicocol enak" (Sundanese: "delicious dip.")

* [[Lepet|Leupeut]],: compacted rice with or without filling, typically wrapped in young coconut leaf

* [[Tapai|Peuyeum sampeu]],: a sweet fermented cassava snack

* [[Tapai|Peuyeum ketan]],: a sweet fermented sticky rice wrapped in guava leaf

* Comro,: fried dough made of finely shredded cassava with spicy oncom filling. The name comes from "Oncom dijerodi jero" (Sundanese: "oncom inside".)

* Misro,: same fried dough as comro, but instead filled with melted palm sugar. The name comes from "Amis dijerodi jero" (Sundanese: "sweet inside".)

* Odading,: fried sweet bread, some variation filled with banana

* [[Dodol|Dodol Garut]],: sweets made from sticky rice powder and palm sugar, with added milk, or sesame seed.

* Kolontong,: roasted cylindrical shaped rice crackers with either cane sugar or palm sugar coating.

* Opak,: roasted disc shaped rice crackers.

* [[Rengginang|Ranginang]],: fried rice grain crackers seasoned with [[terasi]].

* Kalua,: dried fruit marinated in sugar.

* Ladu,: sweets made from part of fine sticky rice powder and part coarse roasted sticky rice grains, mixed with palm sugar then compacted; usually it has triangular cut.

* [[Bajigur]],: a traditional hot drink made from coconut milk, spices, [[pandanus amaryllifolius|pandan]] leaf, and coconut sugar

* [[Bandrek]],: a traditional hot drink made from [[ginger]], spices, and coconut sugar

* [[Cendol]],: a traditional cold drink made from coconut sugar, coconut milk, and green glutinous rice jelly

* [[Es doger|Es Doger]],: [[ice cream]]-like dessert made from coconut flesh, coconut milk, ''[[tapai|peuyeum]]'' (sweet fermented [[cassava]]) and pink syrup ([[rose]] or [[cocopandan syrup|cocopandan]])

* Es Goyobod,: the Sundanese version of [[es campur]]; mixed jelly and mashed [[avocado]] drink in heavy coconut milk and [[jackfruit]]-infused [[brown sugar]] syrup.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.epicurina.com/2009/12/food-note-es-goyobod.html|title=Food Note: Es Goyobod|website=blog.epicurina.com|access-date=19 October 2017|archive-date=10 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510130753/http://blog.epicurina.com/2009/12/food-note-es-goyobod.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

* [[Durian#Culinary|Es Duren]],: ice cream-like dessert made from [[durian]] and [[milk]]

* [[Lahang]] is: a traditional sweet and cold beveragesbeverage made from the [[sap]] of ''[[Arenga pinnata]]'' (''aren'').

[[Category:IndonesiaIndonesian cuisine-related lists]]