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{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Infobox military person
|name= John Parker Hawkins
|bornbirth_date= {{birth date|1830|09|29}}
|dieddeath_date= {{death date and age|1914|02|07|1830|09|29}}
|placeofbirthbirth_place= [[Indianapolis]], Indiana]], US
|placeofdeathdeath_place= Indianapolis, Indiana, US
|placeofburial= [[Crown Hill Cemetery]], Indianapolis, Indiana
|placeofburial_label= Place of burial
|image=[[File:genjphawkins.jpg|150px]]
|caption=Brig. Gen. John Parker Hawkins
|allegiance= [[United States|United States of America]]<br/>[[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]
|branch= [[United States Army]]<br/>[[Union Army]]
|serviceyears= 1852&ndash;1894
|rank= [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]] <br/> [[Brevet (military)|Brevet]] [[Major general (United States)|Major General]]
|commands=1st Brigade, [[United States Colored Troops|USCT]]<br />1st Division, [[United States Colored Troops|USCT]]<br />[[Commissary General of Subsistence]]
|commands=Commissary General
|unit=[[2nd Infantry Regiment (United States)|2nd US Infantry]]<br/>[[6th Infantry Regiment (United States)|6th US Infantry]]
|battles= [[American Civil War]]
*[[Battle of Fort Blakeley]]
|relations=[[Louisa Hawkins Canby]] (sister)<br/>[[Edward Canby]] (brother-in-law)
}}
'''John Parker Hawkins''' (September 29, 1830 – February 7, 1914) was a career officer of the [[United States Army]] who served as [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadierbrigadier Generalgeneral]] during the [[American Civil War]], in which he served as a commissary officer and as a commander of colored troops. After the war he remained in the [[United States Army|army]] and rose to the position of Commissary General of Subsistence of the United States Army.
 
==BiographyEarly life==
Hawkins was born in [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], the son of John Hawkins and Elizabeth (née Waller); his elder sister was [[Louisa Hawkins Canby]] (who married [[Major general (United States)|Maj.Major Gen.General]] [[Edward Canby]]). He graduated from [[West Point]] in 1852 as 40th out of 43 cadets, and joined the [[2nd Infantry Regiment (United States)|2nd US Infantry]]. When the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] began in 1861 he was a First Lieutenant and Regimental [[Quartermaster]] of the [[6th Infantry Regiment (United States)|6th US Infantry]].<ref name="Eicher, p. 288">Eicher, p. 288</ref>
 
==Civil War==
Hawkins commanded a division of U.S. Colored Troops late in the war. He distinguished himself in the assault at the [[Battle of Fort Blakely]], April 9, 1865, which resulted in the capture of [[Mobile, Alabama]].
Parker was promoted to captain on August 3, 1861, and was posted to Missouri to serve as a Commissary of Subsistence. He was sent to western Tennessee in 1862, and was promoted to lieutenant colonel on November 1 that year. The following month he became the Commissary General for Gen. [[Ulysses S. Grant|Grant]]'s [[Army of the Tennessee]]. On April 25, 1863, [[President of the United States|President]] [[Abraham Lincoln]] appointed Hawkins [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]] in the [[United States Volunteers|U.S. Volunteers]], with effect from April 13, 1863.<ref name="Eicher, p. 722">Eicher, p. 722</ref> However, the U.S. Senate returned the nomination to the President on April 1, 1864. The following day Lincoln renominated Hawkins and the Senate subsequently confirmed the appointment on April 18, 1864.<ref name="Eicher, p. 722" />
 
Hawkins was assigned to command a brigade of the [[United States Colored Troops]] (USCT) and the District of Northeastern Louisiana. In April 1864 he assumed command of the 1st Division of the USCT. He and his division distinguished themselves in the assault at the [[Battle of Fort Blakeley]] on April 9, 1865, which resulted in the capture of [[Mobile, Alabama]]. Hawkins was mustered out of the Union Army volunteer service on February 1, 1866.<ref name="Eicher, p. 722" />
 
In the wave of the mass promotions at the end of the war Hawkins was promoted to the [[Brevet (military)|brevet]] grade of [[Major general (United States)|major general]] in both the U.S. Volunteers and the regular army.<ref>Warner, p. 218</ref>
 
==Later life==
[[File:Grave of John Parker Hawkins (1830–1914) at Crown Hill Cemetery, Indianapolis.jpg|thumb|right|Hawkins' grave at Crown Hill Cemetery]]
 
Hawkins stayed in the army and reverted to his regular rank of captain in the Subsistence Department. He married Jane Bethuxe Craig, daughter of former Chief of Ordnance Colonel [[Henry Knox Craig]], on October 10, 1867. He served in a number of postings and received a series of promotions: to major on June 23, 1874; to lieutenant colonel on September 3, 1889; and colonel on March 12, 1892.<ref name="Eicher, p. 288" /> He was appointed [[Commissary General of Subsistence]] of the U.S. Army with the rank of brigadier general on December 2, 1892, and remained in this position till he resigned on September 29, 1894, aged 64.<ref name="Eicher, p. 288" /> He died on February 7, 1914, in [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], outlived by his daughter, and was buried at the local [[Crown Hill Cemetery]]. His wife had predeceased him on April 13, 1913.
 
==Released works==
* ''Memoranda concerning some branches of the Hawkins family and connections'' (1913)
 
==Notes==
{{Reflist}}
 
==See also==
{{Portal box|American Civil War|United States Army}}
*[[List of American Civil War generals# (Union-H|List of American Civil War generals)]]
 
==References==
* Eicher, John H., and [[David J. Eicher]], ''Civil War High Commands.'' Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|0-8047-3641-3}}.
*[http://www.brainyhistory.com/events/1830/september_29_1830_49486.html September 29, 1830 in History] at BrainyHistory
* Warner, Ezra J. ''Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders''. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: LSU Press. 1964. {{ISBN|0-8071-0822-7}}.
*[http://www.alleylaw.net/who.html John Parker HAWKINS] Who's Who Within the Waller Family▼
 
Additional source listed by alleylaw.net:
Line 36 ⟶ 55:
 
==External links==
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=John Parker Hawkins |sopt=t}}
*[http{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208215607/http://www.generalsandbrevets.com/ngh/hawkins.htm |date=February 8, 2008 |title=Pictures of John Parker Hawkins] }}
*{{findagrave|5888336}}
▲*[http://www.alleylaw.net/who.html John Parker HAWKINS] Who's Who Within the Waller Family
 
{{Authority control}}
 
{{Persondata
|NAME= Hawkins, John Parker
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION= [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] [[Union Army|Army]] [[General officer|general]]
|DATE OF BIRTH= September 29, 1830
|PLACE OF BIRTH= [[Indianapolis, Indiana]]
|DATE OF DEATH= February 7, 1914
|PLACE OF DEATH= [[Indianapolis, Indiana]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hawkins, John Parker}}
[[Category:1830 births]]
[[Category:1914 deaths]]
[[Category:Burials at Crown Hill Cemetery, Indianapolis]]
[[Category:PeopleMilitary personnel from Indianapolis, Indiana]]
[[Category:People of Indiana in the American Civil War]]
[[Category:Union Armyarmy generals]]
[[Category:United States ArmyMilitary generalsAcademy alumni]]
[[Category:Commissary General of Subsistence (United States Army)]]
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