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{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Infobox military person
|name= John Parker Hawkins
|birth_date= {{birth date|1830|09|29}}
|death_date= {{death date and age|1914|02|07|1830|09|29}}
|birth_place= [[Indianapolis]], Indiana]], US
|death_place= Indianapolis, Indiana, US
|placeofburial= [[Crown Hill Cemetery]], Indianapolis, Indiana
|placeofburial_label= Place of burial
|image=genjphawkins.jpg
|caption=Brig. Gen. John Parker Hawkins
|allegiance= [[United States|United States of America]]<br/>[[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]
|branch= [[United States Army]]<br/>[[Union Army]]
|serviceyears= 1852&ndash;1894
|rank= [[File:Union army brig gen rank insignia.jpg|35px]] [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]] <br/> [[File:Union army maj gen rank insignia.jpg|35px]] [[Brevet (military)|Brevet]] [[Major general (United States)|Major General]]
|commands=1st Brigade, [[United States Colored Troops|USCT]]<br />1st Division, [[United States Colored Troops|USCT]]<br />[[Commissary General of Subsistence]] {{spaces|3}}
|unit=[[2nd Infantry Regiment (United States)|2nd US Infantry]]<br/> [[6th Infantry Regiment (United States)|6th US Infantry]]
|battles= [[American Civil War]]
*[[Battle of Fort Blakeley]]
|relations=[[Louisa Hawkins Canby]] (sister)<br/>[[Edward Canby]] (brother-in-law)
}}
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==Early life==
Hawkins was born in [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], the son of John Hawkins and Elizabeth (née Waller); his elder sister was [[Louisa Hawkins Canby]] (who married [[Major general (United States)|Major General]] [[Edward Canby]]). He graduated from [[West Point]] in 1852 as 40th out of 43 cadets, and joined the [[2nd Infantry Regiment (United States)|2nd US Infantry]]. When the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] began in 1861 he was a firstFirst lieutenantLieutenant and Regimental [[Quartermaster]] of the [[6th Infantry Regiment (United States)|6th US Infantry]].<ref name="Eicher, p. 288">Eicher, p. 288</ref>
 
==Civil War==
Parker was promoted to captain on August 3, 1861, and was posted to Missouri to serve as a Commissary of Subsistence. He was sent to western Tennessee in 1862, and was promoted to lieutenant colonel on November 1 that year. The following month he became the Commissary General for Gen. [[Ulysses S. Grant|General. Grant´s]]'s [[Army of the Tennessee]]. On April 25, 1863, [[President of the United States|President]] [[Abraham Lincoln]] appointed Hawkins [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]] in the [[United States Volunteers|U.S. Volunteers]], with effect from April 13, 1863.<ref name="Eicher, p. 722">Eicher, p. 722</ref> However, the U.S. Senate returned the nomination to the President on April 1, 1864. The following day Lincoln renominated Hawkins and the Senate subsequently confirmed the appointment on April 18, 1864.<ref name="Eicher, p. 722" />
 
Hawkins was assigned to command a brigade of the [[United States Colored Troops]] (USCT) and the District of Northeastern Louisiana. In April 1864 he assumed command of the 1st Division of the USCT. He and his division distinguished themselves in the assault at the [[Battle of Fort BlakelyBlakeley]] on April 9, 1865, which resulted in the capture of [[Mobile, Alabama]]. Hawkins was mustered out of the Union Army volunteer service on February 1, 1866.<ref name="Eicher, p. 722" />
 
In the wave of the mass promotions at the end of the war Hawkins was promoted to the [[Brevet (military)|brevet]] grade of [[Major general (United States)|major general]] in both the U.S. Volunteers and the regular army.<ref>Warner, ppp. 218</ref>
 
==Later life==
[[File:Grave of John Parker Hawkins (1830–1914) at Crown Hill Cemetery, Indianapolis.jpg|thumb|right|Hawkins' grave at Crown Hill Cemetery]]
Hawkins stayed in the army and reverted to his regular rank of captain in the Subsistence Department. He married Jane Bethuxe Craig, daughter of former Chief of Ordnance Colonel Henry K. Craig, on October 10, 1867. He served in a number of postings and received a series of promotions; to major on June 23, 1874; to lieutenant colonel on September 3, 1889; and colonel on March 12, 1892.<ref name="Eicher, p. 288" /> He was appointed [[Commissary General of Subsistence]] of the U.S. Army with the rank of brigadier general on December 2, 1892; and remained in this position till he resigned on September 29, 1894 aged 64.<ref name="Eicher, p. 288" /> He died on February 7, 1914 in [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], outlived by his daughter, and was buried at the local [[Crown Hill Cemetery]]. His wife had predeceased him on April 13, 1913.▼
 
▲Hawkins stayed in the army and reverted to his regular rank of captain in the Subsistence Department. He married Jane Bethuxe Craig, daughter of former Chief of Ordnance Colonel [[Henry K.Knox Craig]], on October 10, 1867. He served in a number of postings and received a series of promotions;: to major on June 23, 1874; to lieutenant colonel on September 3, 1889; and colonel on March 12, 1892.<ref name="Eicher, p. 288" /> He was appointed [[Commissary General of Subsistence]] of the U.S. Army with the rank of brigadier general on December 2, 1892;, and remained in this position till he resigned on September 29, 1894, aged 64.<ref name="Eicher, p. 288" /> He died on February 7, 1914, in [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], outlived by his daughter, and was buried at the local [[Crown Hill Cemetery]]. His wife had predeceased him on April 13, 1913.
 
==Released works==
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==See also==
{{Portal|American Civil War|United States Army}}
*[[List of American Civil War generals#Union-H|List of American Civil War generals (Union)]]
 
==References==
* Eicher, John H., and [[David J. Eicher]], ''Civil War High Commands.'' Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. {{ISBN |0-8047-3641-3}}.
* Warner, Ezra J. ''Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders''. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: LSU Press. 1964. {{ISBN |0-8071-0822-7}}.
 
Additional source listed by alleylaw.net:
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==External links==
* {{WaybackInternet |date=20080208215607Archive |url=http://www.generalsandbrevets.com/ngh/hawkins.htmauthor |titlesname=Pictures of John Parker Hawkins |sopt=t}}
*{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208215607/http://www.generalsandbrevets.com/ngh/hawkins.htm |date=February 8, 2008 |title=Pictures of John Parker Hawkins }}
*[http://www.alleylaw.net/who.html John Parker HAWKINS] Who's Who Within the Waller Family
*{{Find a Grave|5888336}}
 
{{Authority control}}
 
{{Persondata
|NAME= Hawkins, John Parker
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION= [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] [[Union Army|Army]] [[General officer|general]]
|DATE OF BIRTH= September 29, 1830
|PLACE OF BIRTH= [[Indianapolis, Indiana]]
|DATE OF DEATH= February 7, 1914
|PLACE OF DEATH= [[Indianapolis, Indiana]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hawkins, John Parker}}
[[Category:1830 births]]
[[Category:1914 deaths]]
[[Category:Burials at Crown Hill Cemetery]]
[[Category:PeopleMilitary personnel from Indianapolis, Indiana]]
[[Category:People of Indiana in the American Civil War]]
[[Category:Union Armyarmy generals]]
[[Category:United States Army generals]]▼
[[Category:United States Military Academy alumni]]
▲[[Category:Commissary General of Subsistence (United States Army generals)]]
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