| [pending revision] | [accepted revision] |
Content deleted Content added
No edit summary Tags: Reverted Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
→Philosophical views of the nature of authorship: straight quotes |
||
| (32 intermediate revisions by 21 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{other uses}}
{{pp-pc|small=yes}}
{{Multiple issues|{{more citations needed|date=October 2017}}
{{Tone|date= October 2022}}}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
In legal discourse, an '''author''' is the creator of an original work that has been published, whether that work is in written, graphic, or recorded medium.<ref name="LII">{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/author |title=Author|publisher=Cornell Law School Legal Information Institute|access-date=June 18, 2023}}</ref> The creation of such a work is an act of '''authorship'''. Thus, a [[sculptor]], [[painter]], or [[composer]], is an author of their respective sculptures, paintings, or compositions, even though in common parlance, an author is often thought of as the [[writer]] of a [[book]], [[Article (publishing)|article]], [[Play (theatre)|play]], or other [[written work]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=AUTHOR {{!}} English Meaning - Cambridge Dictionary |url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/author |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306044847/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/author |archive-date=Mar 6, 2023 |website=Cambridge Dictionary}}</ref> In the case of a [[work for hire]], the employer or commissioning party is considered the author of the work, even if they did not write or otherwise create the work, but merely instructed another individual to do so.<ref name="LII"/>
Typically, the first owner of a [[copyright]] is the person who created the work, i.e. the author. If more than one person created the work, then a case of [[joint authorship]] takes place. [[Copyright law]]s differ around the world. The [[United States Copyright Office]], for example, defines copyright as "a form of protection provided by the laws of the [[United States]] (title 17, U.S. Code) to authors of 'original works of authorship.{{'"}}<ref name=":0">{{Citation |title=Copyright Office Basics |date=July 2006 |url=http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080328100026/http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ1.html |publisher=[[U.S. Copyright Office]] |access-date=30 March 2007 |archive-date=28 March 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=U.S.C. Title 17 - COPYRIGHTS |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2011-title17/html/USCODE-2011-title17.htm |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.govinfo.gov}}</ref>
Line 24 ⟶ 25:
==Philosophical views of the nature of authorship==
{{expand section|information about any theories of authorship other than postmodern ones. What do other philosophers think of authorship?|date=August 2021}}
The [[Statute of Anne]] in 1710 set a legal precedent which laid the foundations of copyright, further establishing an author as the sole creator of a literary work. While this legislation acknowledged that an author’s words were their [[Intellectual property]], it in no way protected that author's ideas. For example, one writer could legally copy another writer’s plot exactly, as long as the words were not copied verbatim. In other words, the Statue of Anne protected an author's form of expression but not the thoughts behind their words.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sutherland |first=John |title=A little history of literature |date=2014 |publisher=Yale Univ. Press |year= |isbn=978-0-300-20531-2 |edition=1. publ. in paperback |location=New Haven, Conn. |pages=72-73}}</ref>[[File:James Joyce by Alex Ehrenzweig, 1915 cropped.jpg|thumb|227x227px|[[James Joyce]] was a prominent Irish novelist, poet and literary critic during the 20th century.]]
In literary theory, critics find complications in the term ''author'' beyond what constitutes authorship in a legal setting. In the wake of [[postmodern literature]], critics such as [[Roland Barthes]] and [[Michel Foucault]] have examined the role and relevance of authorship to the meaning or interpretation of a literary text.
| |||