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Many more ''pitamim'' are preserved today due to an [[auxin]] discovered by [[Eliezer E. Goldschmidt]], emeritus professor of horticulture at the [[Hebrew University]]. While working with the [[picloram]] hormone in a citrus orchard, he unexpectedly discovered that some of the [[Valencia orange]]s found nearby had perfectly preserved ''pitamim''. Citrus fruits, other than an ''etrog'' or citron hybrid like the [[Bergamot orange|bergamot]], usually do not preserve their ''pitam''. On the occasions that they do, their ''pitamim'' tend to be dry, sunken and very fragile. In Goldschmidt's observation, the ''pitamim'' were all fresh and solid like those of the [[Morocco Citron|Moroccan]] or Greek citron varieties.
Experimenting with picloram in a laboratory, Goldschmidt eventually found the correct "dose" to achieve the desired effect: one droplet{{clarify|reason=how does a droplet compare to a drop?|date=December 2014}} of the chemical in three million drops of water.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/2441301|title=Style Abscission in the Citron (Citrus medica L.) and Other Citrus Species: Morphology, Physiology, and Chemical Control with Picloram|author1=Goldschmidt, E. E.|author2=Leshem, B.|year=1971|journal=American Journal of Botany|volume=58|issue=1|pages=14–23|via=JSTOR|doi=10.2307/2441301|jstor=2441301 }}</ref>{{page number needed|date=October 2023}}
==Purity==
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