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{{About|the family of operating systems for IBM System/360 computers||DOS (disambiguation)}}
{{History of IBM mainframe operating systems}}
'''Disk Operating System/360''', also '''DOS/360''', or simply '''DOS''', is the discontinued first member of a sequence of [[operating system]]s for [[IBM System/360]], [[System/370]] and later [[IBM mainframe|mainframes]]. It was announced by [[IBM]] on the last day of 1964, and it was first delivered in June 1966.<ref>{{cite book |first1=E.W. |last1=Pugh |first2=L.R. |last2=Johnson |first3=John H. |last3=Palmer |title=IBM's 360 and early 370 systems |date=1991 |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |location=Cambridge, MA and London |isbn=0-262-16123-0}}<br/>– extensive (819 ''pp.'') treatment of IBM's offerings during this period</ref> In its time, DOS/360 was the most widely used operating system in the world.<ref>Pugh, ''op. cit., p.'' 331 – most widely used OS</ref>
==DOS versions==
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The concept of transient area is part of [[The Mythical Man-Month|Mythical Man-Month]]'s discussion on design and the use of main memory.<ref>{{cite book
|title=The Mythical Man-Month |year=1975 |page=101
|author=F. P. Brooks |publisher=Addison-Wesley Publishing Company |isbn=0-201-00650-2}}</ref> To further reduce memory usage, the supervisor employed overlays called ''transients'' that were read into one of two reserved ''transient areas'' as required.
* Physical transients were loaded into the 556 byte A-Transient area to handle hardware errors (ERPs), record error-specific data (OBR/MDR) on IJSYSRC, and issue error messages. All A-Transient module names began with {{mono|$$A}}.
* Logical transients were loaded into the 1200 byte B-Transient area to provide common program services like OPEN and CLOSE for LIOCS. All B-Transient module names began with {{mono|$$B}}.
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