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SHemmati10 (talk | contribs) →List of known styles: Xinyi quan is not Shaolin, Jingang quan as well, and Shaolin doesn't have animal styles, liu he quan is not a style, it's a duet. Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
SHemmati10 (talk | contribs) →Contents: techniques and styles sections added Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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[[File:Shaolin monks.jpg|thumb|right|Shaolin monks demonstrate kung fu.]]
There is a famous saying that kung fu trains both the body and mind.
# '''Body exercises:''' exercises to improve body abilities, including flexibility, balance, hardness, power, speed, and control of the body. These exercises are altogether called the ''72 arts'' in the folklore. However the actual exercises are not countable.▼
# '''Mind exercises:''' Combat skills ({{zh|c=拳法|p=quánfǎ| labels=no}}), including techniques, tactics, and strategies for barehanded, weapon, and barehanded vs. weapon situations.▼
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===Mind exercises===
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====Combat Techniques====
Kung fu teaches techniques for both defense and offense. Defensive techniques are mostly four types, dodge, block, catch, and parry, and offensive techniques are feint, hit, lock, and throw. Shaolin kung fu teaches all these types of techniques.
In kung fu, techniques are taught via two-person practices. In these practices, one party attacks and the other defends or counters or stands in posture for the other party to perform the technique. In Shaolin kung fu, in addition, two-person forms are taught. In these two-person forms, attacks, defenses or counters are performed one after the other. These forms ensure perfect memorization and exact transmission of techniques from generation to generation.
====Combat Styles====
Like the usual system of Chinese martial arts, Shaolin combat methods are taught via [[Chinese martial arts#Forms in Traditional Chinese Martial Arts|forms]] ({{zh|c=套路|p=tàolù| labels=no}}). Forms that are technically closely related are coupled together and are considered of the same sub-style. These are usually called the small and the big forms, like the small and big hong quan, which altogether make the Shaolin hong quan style, and the small and big pao quan, etc. There are also some styles with one form, like taizu chang quan. Indeed, these styles are not complete or stand-alone, this is just a classification of different forms of Shaolin kung fu based on their technical contents.
Shaolin kung fu has more than hundreds of extant styles. There is recorded documentation of more than a thousand extant forms, which makes Shaolin the biggest school of martial art in the world. In the [[Qing dynasty]] (1644–1911), Shaolin monks chose 100 of the best styles of Shaolin kung fu. Then they shortlisted the 18 most famous of them. However, every lineage of Shaolin monks have always chosen their own styles. Every style teaches unique methods for fighting ({{zh|c=散打|p=sàndǎ| labels=no}}) and keeping health via one or a few [[Taolu (martial arts)|forms]]. To learn a complete system, Shaolin monks master a number of styles and weapons. The most famous styles of Shaolin kung fu are:
* [[Luohan (martial arts)#Shaolin Luohan's 18 hands|Arhat's 18 hands]] ({{zh|c=罗汉十八手|p=luóhàn shíbā shǒu| labels=no}}): known as the oldest style.
* Flood style ({{zh|c=洪拳|p=hóngquán| labels=no}}): with the small form ({{zh|c=小洪拳|p=xiǎo hóngquán| labels=no}}) known as the son of the styles, and the big form ({{zh|c=大洪拳|p=dà hóngquán| labels=no}}) known as the mother of the styles,
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