View source for User:AquitaneHungerForce

[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:AquitaneHungerForce My commons page.]

[[Special:Contributions/AquitaneHungerForce|My contributions.]]

== "Native American" words ==
A good number of articles give a "Native American word" as part of an [[etymology]]. This usually this appears in the etymology of a place name ([[Toponym]]) for a place in the United states. Sometimes other phrasing is used to communicate the same idea, {{abbr|e.g.|for example}} "Indian word", or "Indigenous word", however "Native American word" seems to be the most popular.

=== What's wrong with this? ===
There is no Native American language. The languages spoken in the United States prior to the [[genocide of indigenous peoples]] were very diverse, including many families and language isolates. Many of these languages still survive, still representing a great diversity. For comparison over 90% of Europeans are a native speaker of a lanuge from the [[Indo-European language family]]. "Native American" as a category of languages makes sense only from a modern political perspective, not from a linguistic or cultural one.

This fact alone means that these etymologies need clarification. It is simply too vague.

Additionally this, intentionally or not, presents a number of false impressions about indigenous cultures, languages and peoples. It presents indigenous languages as uniform and interchangable, and indigenous peoples as existing only in the past.

When I see this sort of language used I seek to fix it. Ideally I'd find the language and the word (in the language's orthography) and fill in the details. So first I check for a source and try to find these things. Sometimes there is a source, but usually the source mirrors the language of the article. If there is no source I add [[Template:Citation needed]] ''and'' a [[Template:Clarify]]. If there are sources, but they don't resolve the issue, I will try following their sources, until I find answers or the chain dries up. If I can't find a source I add [[Template:Clarify]].

Here's what I use by default:

<code><nowiki>{{clarify|reason="Native American" is not a language. This text should specify the actual language of origin|date=</nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code>

If I find partial answers or clues, I still leave the clarify but try to put something in the talk page as a trace.

=== Hits ===
[[File:Langs N.Amer.svg|200px|thumb|This image is helpful for guessing a language based on location. I use these guesses for finding sources. I do not edit these guesses into articles.]]
The following table summarizes my efforts on this project.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+ Work towards the clarification of Native American etymology
|-
! Article !! Phrasing !! Includes word !! Sourced !! Resolution !! Best guess !! Justification !! Notes
|-
| [[Taconic Mountains]] || Native American word || No || No || CN, Clarify || [[Munsee language]] || Lenape mentioned, location
|-
| [[Skug River]] || Native American word || Yes || Yes || Fixed || [[Abenaki language]] || Sourced, location ||
* {{wikt-lang|abe|skog}}
* {{wikt-lang|aaq|skok}}
* {{wikt-lang|xpq|skok}}
|-
| [[Ponkapoag Pond]] || Native American word || No || Yes || Clarify || [[Massachusett language]] || Location || Couldn't access source
|-
| [[Teewinot Mountain]] || Shoshone Native American word || No || No || Reword, CN || [[Shoshoni language]] || Given in article ||
|-
| [[North Pack Monadnock]] || Native American word || Yes || No || Fixed || [[Abenaki language]] || Location, related word, sourced || The user [[User:Ken Gallager|Ken Gallager]] found the source for {{lang|abe|pack}}.
|-
| [[Inselberg]] || Native American term || Yes || Yes || Fixed || [[Abenaki language]] || Sourced, given in article ||
|-
| [[Channahon State Park]] || Native American word || No || No || CN, Clarify || [[Miami-Illinois language]] || Location ||
|-
| [[Matunuck, Rhode Island]] || Native American word || No || No || CN, Clarify || [[Narragansett language]] || Location ||
|-
| [[Pomonok, Queens]] || Native American word || Yes || No || Fixed || [[Algonquian languages]] || Sourced, location || The meaning of the source word is still unsupported.
|-
| [[Wasola, Missouri]] || Native American word || Yes || No || Clarify || [[Kickapoo language]] || Source (see notes) || The source references both "Delaware Indians" and "Kickapoo Indians", that suggest an Algonquian language. It overall treats all Indian groups as interchangeable. It is likely a poor source given this, and if the toponym is indeed from an indigenous language, it could be [[Osage language|Osage]], [[Kickapoo language|Kickapoo]] or [[Munsee language|Munsee]].</br> Article says "possible", however clarification is still possible.
|-
| [[Rancocas, New Jersey]] || Native American word || Yes || Yes || Clarify, language tagging || [[Powhatan language]] || Mentioned || The article text is very close to outright saying the word is Powhatan, however the source does not support this.
|-
| [[Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania]] || Native American word || Yes || Yes || Fixed, added citation || [[Delaware languages]] || Location, source (see notes) || I searched for other places with the same name and managed to find a source specifying Delaware languages. It would be nice to be more specific down to a language, however this is good enough for now.
|-
| [[Nottely Dam]] || Native American word || No || Yes || Edited || [[Muskogee language]]<br/> (via [[Cherokee language|Cherokee]]) || Sources (see notes) || It was easy to infer from context that the language being discussed was Cherokee. However digging into the sources this etymology begins to seem suspect. There are a bunch of sources backing the claim, but none of them are high quality. None seem to be written by people with knowledge of the Cherokee language, rather local historians, realtors and the like. I found [https://chenocetah.wordpress.com/tag/naduhli/ Chenocetah's Weblog], which although self-published is written by someone who clearly has knowledge of the language, which claims the popular etymology is false. It states that the name originates from Muscogee and arrived in English via Cherokee. The page [[Nottely River]] repeats this alternate etymology with further detail, although I can't find a source for that further claim.

Overall the "daring horseman" etymology reeks of fabrication, but I can't find good sourcing. I updated the article to include the alternate etymology, but added a request for better sourcing.
|-
| [[USS Cacapon]] || Native American word || No || No || Fixed, added citation || [[Shawnee language]] || Source ||
|-
| [[Honnedaga Lake]] || Native American word || No || Yes || Clarify || [[Mohawk language]] or [[Oneida language]] || Location || Probably not a fake etymology given the nature of the source.
|-
| [[Agave]] || Native American word || Yes || No || Fixed || [[Spanish language]] || Knowledge || This one was weird.
|-
| [[Algoma, Mississippi]] || Native American word || No || No || CN, Clarify || || || rowspan=3 | ''Algoma'' appears to have a variety of etymologies, however only one is problematic. Dozens of low-quality sources state that it means "valley of flowers" (or similar) in an unspecified language. The fact that it appears in such disparate locations as Wisconsin and Mississippi makes it difficult to make any sort of guess. In my view its a very suspicious etymology, and may be fabricated.

In the Algoma, Wisconsin article it also states that in [[Menominee language|Menominee]] the name of the town translates to "snowshoe", while the placename article lists an etymology for algoma deriving from terms meaning "snowshoe".  Which is odd.
|-
| [[Algoma (placename)]] || Indian word || No || No || CN, Clarify || ||
|-
| [[Algoma, Wisconsin]] || Indian word || No || No || CN, Clarify || ||
|-
| [[Algoma, Wisconsin]] || Indian word || Yes || No || Removed || || || This article has ''two'' "Indian words". Looking through sources I was able to find the etymology of the place name, and the one in the article appears to have been a fabrication. It had some suspicious qualities to it to begin with, no source, and now I have a source contradicting it. So I removed it and added a bit of sourced info.
|}

== Language tagging tools ==

Adding language tags to foreign text helps to make wikipedia more accessible.

Here's a chart I use to find the proper tag when tagging various things.

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background: #fafa85"
|+{{no wrap|Special tags}}
! colspan=3 |
! scope="col" | example
! scope="col" | lang-
! scope="col" | lang
! scope="col" | wikt-lang
! scope="col" | transl
! scope="col" | IPA-
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=13 colspan=2 | [[Sámi]]
! scope="row" | [[Proto-Samic]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|smi|test}}
| [[template:lang-smi|smi]]
| smi
| smi
| smi
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|smi|test}}
| [[template:lang-smi|smi]]
| smi
| smi
| smi
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Southern Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|sma|test}}
| [[template:lang-sma|sma]]
| sma
| sma
| sma
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Ume Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|sju|test}}
| [[template:lang-sju|sju]]
| sju
| sju
| sju
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Pite Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|sje|test}}
| [[template:lang-sje|sje]]
| sje
| sje
| sje
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Lule Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|smj|test}}
| [[template:lang-smj|smj]]
| smj
| smj
| smj
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Northern Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|se|test}}
| [[template:lang-se|se]]</br>[[template:lang-sme|sme]]
| se</br>sme
| se</br>sme
| se</br>sme
| style="background: #fa8585" | [[template:IPA-se|se]]
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Kemi Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|sjk|test}}
| [[template:lang-sjk|sjk]]
| sjk
| sjk
| sjk
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Inari Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|smn|test}}
| [[template:lang-smn|smn]]
| smn
| smn
| smn
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Skolt Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|sms|test}}
| [[template:lang-sms|sms]]
| sms
| sms
| sms
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Akkala Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|sia|test}}
| [[template:lang-sia|sia]]
| sia
| sia
| sia
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Kildin Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|sjd|test}}
| [[template:lang-sjd|sjd]]
| sjd
| sjd
| sjd
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | [[Ter Sámi]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|sjt|test}}
| [[template:lang-sjt|sjt]]
| sjt
| sjt
| sjt
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=6 | [[Irish language|Irish]]
! scope="row" | ... {{abbr|c.|circa}} 600 CE
! scope="row" | [[Primitive Irish]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|pgl|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-pgl|pgl]]
| style="background: #85fa85" | pgl
| sga
| style="background: #85fa85" | pgl
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|-
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 600 - 900 CE
! scope="row" | [[Old Irish]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|sga|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-sga|sga]]
| style="background: #85fa85" | sga
| style="background: #85fa85" | sga
| style="background: #85fa85" | sga
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:IPA-sga|sga]]
|-
! scope="row" | 900 - 1200 CE
! scope="row" | [[Middle Irish]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|mga|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-mga|mga]]
| style="background: #85fa85" | mga
| style="background: #85fa85" | mga
| style="background: #85fa85" | mga
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:IPA-mga|mga]]
|-
! scope="row" | 1200 - 1700 CE (Literary)
! scope="row" | [[Classical Gaelic]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|ghc|test}}
| ga
| style="background: #85fa85" | ghc
| ga
| style="background: #85fa85" | ghc
| ga  
|-
! scope="row" | 1200 - 1700 CE
! scope="row" | [[Early Modern Irish]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|ghc|test}}
| ga
| style="background: #85fa85" | ghc
| ga
| style="background: #85fa85" | ghc
| ga  
|-
! scope="row" | 1200 CE ...
! scope="row" | [[Irish language|Modern Irish]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|ga|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-ga|ga]]
| style="background: #85fa85" | ga
| style="background: #85fa85" | ga
| style="background: #85fa85" | ga
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:IPA-ga|ga]]
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=3 | [[Tibetan]]
! scope="row" | 650 - 1000 CE
! scope="row" | [[Old Tibetan]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|otb|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-otb|otb]]
| style="background: #85fa85" | otb
| bo
| style="background: #85fa85" | otb
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | 1000 - 1850 CD
! scope="row" | [[Classical Tibetan]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|xct|test}}
| [[template:lang-xct|xct]]
| xct
| style="background: #fafa85" | bo
| xct
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | 1850 CE ...
! scope="row" | [[Lhasa Tibetan]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|bo|test}}
| [[template:lang-bo|bo]]
| bo
| bo
| bo
| bo
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" rowspan=3 | [[Latin]]
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 75 BCE - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 250 CE
! scope="row" | [[Classical Latin]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|la|test}}
| [[template:lang-la|la]]
| la
| la
| la
| la
|-
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 250 BCE - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 550 CE
! scope="row" | [[Late Latin]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|la|test}}
| [[template:lang-la|la]]
| la
| la
| la
| la
|-
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 550 BCE - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1350 CE
! scope="row" | [[Medieval Latin]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|la-x-medieval|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-la-x-medieval|la-x-medieval]]
| style="background: #85fa85" | la-x-medieval
| la
| la
| la
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" rowspan=16 | [[Greek language|Greek]]
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 2200 - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1900 BCE 
! scope="row" | [[Proto-Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grk-x-proto|test}}
| [[template:lang-grk-x-proto|grk-x-proto]]
| grk-x-proto
| grk-x-proto</br> (grk-pro)
| style="background: #fa8585" | mis
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1600 - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1200 BCE
! scope="row" | [[Mycenaean Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|gmy|test}}
| [[template:lang-gmy|gmy]]
| gmy
| gmy
| gmy
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|-
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1200 - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 500 BCE
! scope="row" | [[Ionic Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-ionic|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-ionic|grc-x-ionic]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-ion|grc-ion]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-ionic
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 800 - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 500 BCE
! scope="row" | [[Doric Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-doric|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-doric|grc-x-doric]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-dor|grc-dor]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-doric
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 800 - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 300 BCE
! scope="row" | [[Aeolic Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-aeolic|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-aeolic|grc-x-aeolic]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-aeo|grc-aeo]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-aeolic
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1200 - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 500 BCE
! scope="row" | [[Ancient Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc|test}}
| [[template:lang-grc|grc]]
| grc
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 500 - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 300 BCE
! scope="row" | [[Attic Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-attic|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-attic|grc-x-attic]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-att|grc-att]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-attic
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 500 - 336 BCE
! scope="row" | [[Classical Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-classic|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-classic|grc-x-classic]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-classic|grc-classic]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-classic
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=4 | 336 BCE - {{abbr|c.|circa}} 300 CE
! scope="row" | [[Koine Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-koine|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-koine|grc-x-koine]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-koi|grc-koi]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-koine
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" | [[Biblical Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-biblical|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-biblical|grc-x-biblical]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-bib|grc-bib]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-biblical
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" | [[Hellenistic Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-hellen|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-hellen|grc-x-hellen]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-hellen|grc-hellen]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-hellen
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" | [[Patristic Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-patris|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-patris|grc-x-patris]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-pat|grc-pat]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-patris
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2 | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 300 - 1453 CE
! scope="row" | [[Medieval Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-medieval|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-medieval|grc-x-medieval]]</br>([[template:lang-gkm|gkm]]; [[template:lang-grc-med|grc-med]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-medieval
| grc
| grc
| grc
|-
! scope="row" | [[Byzantine Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|grc-x-byzant|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | [[template:lang-grc-x-byzant|grc-x-byzant]]</br>([[template:lang-grc-byz|grc-byz]])
| style="background: #85fa85" | grc-x-byzant
| grc
| grc
| grc
|- style="background: #85fa85" 
! scope="row" rowspan=2 | 1453 ...
! scope="row" | [[Modern Greek]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|el|test}}
| [[template:lang-el|el]]
| el
| el
| el
| el
|- style="background: #85fa85" 
! scope="row" | [[Cappadocian Greek|Cappadocian]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|cpg|test}}
| [[template:lang-cpg|cpg]]
| cpg
| cpg
| cpg
| style="background: #fa8885" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" rowspan=4 | English
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 450 - 1100
! scope="row" | [[Old English]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|ang|test}}
| ang
| ang
| ang
| ang
| ang
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1100 - 1500
! scope="row" | [[Middle English]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|enm|test}}
| enm
| enm
| enm
| enm
| enm
|-
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1100 - 1600
! scope="row" | [[Early Modern English]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|en-emodeng|test}}
| style="background: #85fa85" | en-emodeng
| style="background: #85fa85" | en-emodeng
| en
| en
| en
|-style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1600 ...
! scope="row" | [[English language|Modern English]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|en|test}}
| en
| en
| en
| en
| en
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" rowspan=8 | German
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 750 BCE - 100 CE 
! scope="row" | [[Proto-Germanic]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|goh|test}}
| gem-x-proto
| gem-x-proto
| gem-x-proto</br> (gem-pro)
| style="background: #fa8585" | mis
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 700 - 1300
! scope="row" | [[Old Low German]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|osx|test}}
| osx
| osx
| osx
| osx
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 750 - 1050
! scope="row" | [[Old High German]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|goh|test}}
| goh
| goh
| goh
| goh
| style="background: #fa8585" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1050 - 1350
! scope="row" | [[Middle High German]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|gmh|test}}
| gmh
| gmh
| gmh
| gmh
| style="background: #fa8885" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1200 - 1700
! scope="row" | [[Middle Low German]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|gml|test}}
| gml
| gml
| gml
| gml
| style="background: #fa8885" | '''∅'''
|- style="background: #fafa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1350 - 1650
! scope="row" | [[Early New High German]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|de|test}}
| de
| de
| de
| de
| de
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1650 ...
! scope="row" | [[New High German]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|de|test}}
| de
| de
| de
| de
| de
|- style="background: #85fa85"
! scope="row" | {{abbr|c.|circa}} 1700 ...
! scope="row" | [[Low German]]
| style="background: #fafafa" | {{lang|nds|test}}
| nds
| nds
| nds
| nds
| nds
|}

I also keep a link to {{Cl|Articles containing Greek-language text}}, and {{Cl|Italic multilingual support templates}} since these categories seem to accumulate a large number of things that should not be in them.

==Userboxes==
<br>
{{Userboxtop|Language|align=left|left=2|bordercolor=#FFFFFF}}
{{User en}}
{{User es-2}}
{{userbox|id=[[toki pona|tok-tu]]|border-c=#77e0e8|border-s=1|id-c=#77e0e8|info-c=#d0f8ff|info=ike ala la jan ni li toki e [[toki pona]]}}
{{User pt-1}}
{{User la-1}}
{{User de-1}}
{{User ca-0}}
{{userbox|id={{IPA|[ɻ̺ˠʷ]}}|border-c=#e87777|border-s=1|id-c=#e87777|info-c=#f4c4c4|info=This user pronounces English {{IPA-en|r|}} as a [[labialized]]-[[velarized]]-[[Apical consonant|apical]]-[[retroflex]]-[[approximant]].}}
{{Userboxbottom}}
{{Userboxtop|Orthography|align=left|left=2|bordercolor=#FFFFFF}}
{{userbox|border-c=#77e0e8|border-s=1|id=[[International Phonetic Alphabet|ipa]]-2</br>ə|id-c=#77e0e8|info-c=#d0f8ff|info={{IPA|ðɪsjuzɚhæzn̩'''[[:Category:User ipa-2|ɪɾ̃ɚʷmɪjdjɪtʰ]]''' ʔəndɚʷstændɪŋəvðə '''[[:Category:User ipa|ʔɪɾ̃ɚʷn̺˗æʃʷənɫ̩fənɛɾɪkʰælfəbɛtʰ]]'''}}}}
[[Category:User ipa-2]]
{{User cyrl-1}}
{{User Elder Futhark-1}}
{{userbox|id=ġ|id-c=#90ee90|border-c=#90ee90|info-c=#d9ffd9|info={{lang|ga|Is fearr leis an úsáideoir seo an ponc séiṁiṫe a úsáid in áit an litir h mar [[Irish initial mutations|séiṁiú]].}} }}
{{userbox|id=Ð Þ|id-c=#90ee90|border-c=#90ee90|info-c=#d9ffd9|info=Ðis user prefers English to be written wiþ [[eth (letter)|eþ]] for ðe [[voiced dental fricative]] and [[þorn]] for ðe [[voiceless dental fricative]].}}
{{userbox|id=goöf|id-c=#90ee90|border-c=#90ee90|info-c=#d9ffd9|info=This user likes to use the [[New Yorker magazine|New Yorker]] style diaeresis because it is goofy.}}
{{userbox|id={{IPA|/ɪj/}}|id-c=#90ee90|border-c=#90ee90|info-c=#d9ffd9|info=This user prefers evidence based transcriptions of English pronunciation.}}
{{userbox|id=,|id-c=#90ee90|border-c=#90ee90|info-c=#d9ffd9|info=This user does not care about the [[Oxford comma]] and finds most the arguments for or against it spurious.}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cceeff|border-s=1|id=ꜳ|id-c=#cceeff|info=This user likes [[ligature (writing)|ligatures]].}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cceeff|border-s=1|id=Ҥ|id-c=#cceeff|info=This user likes [[ligature (writing)#Non-Latin alphabets|cyrillic ligatures]].}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cceeff|border-s=1|id=&|id-c=#cceeff|info=This user finds [[scribal abbreviations|scribal shorthand]] fascinating.}}
{{Userboxbottom}}
{{Clear right}}
{{Userboxtop|WikiProjects|align=left|left=2|bordercolor=#FFFFF}}
{{User WikiProject Accessibility}}
{{Userboxbottom}}
{{Userboxtop|Interests|align=left|left=2|bordercolor=#FFFFFF}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cceeff|border-s=1|id=λ|id-c=#cceeff|info=This user is interested in [[linguistics]].|category=Wikipedians interested in linguistics}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cceeff|border-s=1|id=!|id-c=#cceeff|info=This user is interested in [[politics]].|category=Wikipedians interested in politics}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cceeff|border-s=1|id=#|id-c=#cceeff|info=This user is interested in [[mathematics]].|category=Wikipedians interested in mathematics}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cceeff|border-s=1|id=?|id-c=#cceeff|info=This user is interested in [[philosophy]].|category=Wikipedians interested in philosophy}}
{{Template:User SVG}}
{{Userboxbottom}}
{{Clear right}}
{{Userboxtop|Views|align=left|left=2|bordercolor=#FFFFFF}}
{{User:Mgcsinc/userboxes/linguistic change}}
{{Template:User grammarnazi:No}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cceeff|border-s=1|id=Sign|id-c=#cceeff|info=This user is interested in [[Post-Structuralism]].}}
{{userbox|id=°F|id-c=#90ee90|border-c=#90ee90|info-c=#d9ffd9|info=This user prefers Fahrenheit for temperature and metric for all else.}}
{{Userboxbottom}}
{{Clear right}}
{{Userboxtop|Technical|align=left|left=2|bordercolor=#FFFFFF}}
{{User haskell-4}}
{{userbox-level|level=3|id=[[Elm (programming language)|elm]]|info=This user is an advanced elm programmer.|nocat={{{nocat|}}}}}
{{userbox-level|level=2|id=[[svg]]|info=This user is able to contribute at a good level using [[SVG]].|nocat={{{nocat|}}}}}
{{User Vim}}
{{Userboxbottom}}
{{Userboxtop|Mathematics|align=left|left=2|bordercolor=#FFFFFF}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cccc00|border-s=1|id=<math>\{4\}</math>|id-c=#ffff00|info-c=#ffff99|info=This user has an expert understanding of [[Schläfli symbol]]s.}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cccc00|border-s=1|id={{CDD|node 1|4|node}}||id-c=#ffff00|info-c=#ffff99|info=This user has an expert understanding of [[Coxeter-Dynkin diagram]]s.}}
{{userbox|border-c=#77e0e8|border-s=1|id=<math>\underset{2}{\rightarrow}</math>|id-c=#77e0e8|info-c=#d0f8ff|info=This user has an intermediate understanding of [[Commutative diagram]]s.}}
{{Userboxbottom}}
{{Clear right}}
{{Userboxtop|Politics|align=left|left=2|bordercolor=#FFFFFF}}
{{userbox-level|level=5b|id=[[Vegan|veg]]|info=This user does not use animal products or imitations thereof.|nocat={{{nocat|}}}}}
{{User:StuffOfInterest/Userboxes/User no death penalty}}
{{userbox|id=[[Image:ICC Logo.svg|43px]]|border-c=#e87777|border-s=1|id-c=#e87777|info-c=#f4c4c4|info=This user is afflicted by an [["Left-Wing" Communism: An Infantile Disorder|infantile disorder]].}}
{{userbox|border-c=#cceeff|border-s=1|id-c=#ffffff|id=[[File:Trak peltasta.jpg|43px]]|info=This user does not like [[WP:GWAR|genre warriors]].}}
{{Userboxbottom}}

[[Category:User tok-2]]