Kedzierzyn Zero-Emission Plant: Difference between revisions

Kędzierzyn Zero-Emission Plant
Kędzierzyn Zero-Emission Plant
Country	Poland
Location	Kędzierzyn-Koźle
Status	Cancelled
Owner	PKE
Thermal power station
Primary fuel	Coal
Secondary fuel	Biomass
Combined cycle?	Yes
Cogeneration?	Yes
Power generation
Nameplate capacity	309 MW
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The Kędzierzyn Zero-Emission Power and Chemical Complex was a proposed facility in Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland. It was planned to combine the functions of power and heat generation with chemical production and carbon capture and storage. The project was proposed by a consortium of chemicals producers, including Zakłady Azotowe Kędzierzyn and the electricity company Południowy Koncern Energetyczny. The facility would have produced synthesis gas by gasification of hard coal. Gas produced by the plant would have been used for power and heat generation, or for the production of other chemicals.

The project has since been discontinued for lack of funding, due in part to the low carbon price as CCS investments generally do not provide large incentives.^[1]

Technical specifications

Gasification of coal

Coal could be converted into synthesis gas by the integrated gasification, combined cycle technology. CO₂ separation would be required in order to obtain a gas composition adequate for further processing. As a result of the gas purification process, the obtained CO₂ would maintain a concentration of up to 99%, which permits its commercial use or storage.^[2]

Technical parameters

Parameters	Units	Zero-Emission Power & Chemical Complex
Fuel consumption		^[3]
power coal	Mtonne/year	2.0
biomass	Mtonne/year	0.25
Thermal power	MWt	137
Electric Power	MWe	300
Synthesis gas production:	Gm³/year	1.55
equivalent methanol quantity	ktonne/year	550
Captured CO₂	Mtonne/year	3.38^{[citation needed]}
neutralised (sequestrated) CO₂	Mtonne/year	2.5
equivalent contained in synthesis gas for methanol	Mtonne/year	0.84^{[citation needed]}
CO₂ emissions	%	8^x^{[citation needed]}
Reduction of CO₂ emissions	%	92^{[citation needed]}

Units and abbreviations used are:

Mtonne: Million tonnes
ktonne: Thousand tonnes
Gm³: Billions cubic metre

Developers

The project is developed through cooperation of chemicals producer Zakłady Azotowe Kędzierzyn and electricity company Południowy Koncern Energetyczny.^[4]

Media response

The Kędzierzyn Zero-Emission Plant was received with interest by the international press, such as the New York Times,^[5] the Guardian,^[6] or EurActiv.^[4]

References

^ Skjærseth, Jon Birger (August 2014). Implementing EU Climate and Energy Policies in Poland: From Europeanization to Polonization? (PDF). www.usea.org (Report). Polhøgda, Bærum: Fridtjof Nansen Institute. pp. 23–24. ISBN 978-82-7613-683-8. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
^ Stephen, Mills (August 2010). Prospects for coal, CCTs and CCS in the European Union (PDF). www.usea.org (Report). London: IEA Clean Coal Centre. p. 52. ISBN 978-92-9029-493-1. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
^ Stephen, Mills (September 2013). Combining renewable energy with coal (PDF). www.usea.org (Report). London: IEA Clean Coal Centre. p. 67. ISBN 978-92-9029-543-3. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
^ ^a ^b "Poles seek funding for zero-emission plant". www.euractiv.com. EurActiv.com PLC. 18 February 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
^ Kanter, James (2009-02-17). "Does Funding Carbon Capture Boost Energy Security?". Green Blog. Retrieved 2023-03-11.
^ "Background guide: Carbon capture and storage around the world". The Guardian. 2009-02-25. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-03-11.

External links

Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum
Berlin Forum on Fossil Fuels
European Network of Excellence on Geological Storage of CO₂
Carbon Dioxide Knowledge Transfer Network Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine
European Technology Platform for Zero Emission Fossil Fuel Power Plants
CO₂NET EAST (Information portal for CO₂ capture and storage technologies)
European Commission, DG Research - Introduction to CO₂ capture and storage
Fossil Energy Coalition
EurActiv - Carbon capture and storage
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme - CO₂ capture and storage
CORDIS - Clean Coal Technologies

[1] Skjærseth, Jon Birger (August 2014). Implementing EU Climate and Energy Policies in Poland: From Europeanization to Polonization? (PDF). www.usea.org (Report). Polhøgda, Bærum: Fridtjof Nansen Institute. pp. 23–24. ISBN 978-82-7613-683-8. Retrieved 28 March 2017.

[2] Stephen, Mills (August 2010). Prospects for coal, CCTs and CCS in the European Union (PDF). www.usea.org (Report). London: IEA Clean Coal Centre. p. 52. ISBN 978-92-9029-493-1. Retrieved 28 March 2017.

[3] Stephen, Mills (September 2013). Combining renewable energy with coal (PDF). www.usea.org (Report). London: IEA Clean Coal Centre. p. 67. ISBN 978-92-9029-543-3. Retrieved 28 March 2017.

[euroactiv-4] "Poles seek funding for zero-emission plant". www.euractiv.com. EurActiv.com PLC. 18 February 2009. Archived from the original on 9 June 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2017.

[5] Kanter, James (2009-02-17). "Does Funding Carbon Capture Boost Energy Security?". Green Blog. Retrieved 2023-03-11.

[6] "Background guide: Carbon capture and storage around the world". The Guardian. 2009-02-25. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-03-11.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 {{Infobox power station
-| name                   = Kedzierzyn Zero-Emission Plant
+| name = Kędzierzyn Zero-Emission Plant
-| name_official          =
+| name_official =
+| image =
+| image_caption =
-| image                  =
+| image_alt =
-| image_caption          =
+| coordinates = <!-- {{coord| | |region:PL_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} -->
-| image_alt              =
+| country = Poland
-| coordinates            = <!-- {{coord| | |region:PL_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} -->
+| location = [[Kędzierzyn-Koźle]]
-| country                = Poland
+| status = Cancelled
-| location               = [[Kędzierzyn-Koźle]]
+| construction_began =
-| status                 = Cancelled
+| commissioned =
-| construction_began     =
+| decommissioned =
-| commissioned           =
+| cost =
-| decommissioned         =
+| owner = [[Południowy Koncern Energetyczny|PKE]]
-| cost                   =
+| operator =
-| owner                  = [[Południowy Koncern Energetyczny|PKE]]
+| th_fuel_primary = [[Coal]]
-| operator               =
+| th_fuel_secondary = Biomass
-| th_fuel_primary        = [[Coal]]
+| th_fuel_tertiary =
-| th_fuel_secondary      = Biomass
+| ps_units_manu_model =
-| th_fuel_tertiary       =
+| ps_thermal_capacity =
-| ps_units_manu_model    =
+| ps_cogeneration = Yes
-| ps_thermal_capacity    =
-| ps_cogeneration        = Yes
+| ps_combined_cycle = Yes
-| ps_combined_cycle      = Yes
 | ps_electrical_capacity = 309
-| ps_electrical_cap_fac  =
+| ps_electrical_cap_fac =
-| website                =
+| website =
-| extra                  =
+| extra =
 }}
-The '''Kędzierzyn Zero-Emission Power and Chemical Complex''' is a proposed facility in [[Kędzierzyn-Koźle]], [[Poland]].  It will combine power and heat generation with that of chemical products and [[carbon capture and storage]].  The project is proposed by a consortium of chemicals producer [[Zakłady Azotowe Kędzierzyn]] and electricity company [[Południowy Koncern Energetyczny]]. The plant will produce [[synthesis gas]] by [[coal gasification|gasification]] of [[Anthracite|hard coal]]. The produced gas will be used for power and heat generation or for production of chemicals.  The plant will capture produced [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), which will be stored in natural geological reservoirs or used as a raw material for production of synthesis fuels, [[fertiliser]]s or [[plastics]].{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
+The '''Kędzierzyn Zero-Emission Power and Chemical Complex''' was a proposed facility in [[Kędzierzyn-Koźle]], Poland.  It was planned to combine the functions of power and heat generation with chemical production and [[carbon capture and storage]]. The project was proposed by a consortium of chemicals producers, including [[Zakłady Azotowe Kędzierzyn]] and the electricity company [[Południowy Koncern Energetyczny]]. The facility would have produced [[synthesis gas]] by [[coal gasification|gasification]] of [[Anthracite|hard coal]]. Gas produced by the plant would have been used for power and heat generation, or for the production of other chemicals.
-The project has since been discontinued for lack of funding, due in part to the low carbon price as CCS investments generally do not provide enough incentives.<ref>{{cite web
+The project has since been discontinued for lack of funding, due in part to the low carbon price as CCS investments generally do not provide large incentives.<ref>{{cite report
  | url = https://www.fni.no/getfile.php/131921/Filer/Publikasjoner/FNI-R0814.pdf
  | title = Implementing EU Climate and Energy Policies in Poland: From Europeanization to Polonization?
@@ Line 43: / Line 43: @@
  | publisher = [[Nansen Institute|Fridtjof Nansen Institute]]
  | location = [[Polhøgda]], [[Bærum]]
- | page =
  | pages = 23–24
  | language =
  | type =
- | format = PDF
  | isbn = 978-82-7613-683-8
  | access-date = 28 March 2017}}</ref>
-== Concept ==
-The zero carbon emissions is planned to be achieved through a combination of [[integrated gasification combined cycle]] and [[carbon capture and storage]], as well as the supplement of up to 10% [[biomass]] in the [[combustion]] process.  The generated CO<sub>2</sub> will be utilized by depositing it underground in the deep layers of porous rock of the [[Jurassic]] and [[Triassic]] period, located at the depth of over one kilometer, and by chemical sequestration of CO<sub>2</sub> in [[methanol]], [[urea]] and other chemical products. As a result, the total reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions will amount to nearly three million tons annually (92%).  Taking into account the biomass as a renewable energy source excluded from the carbon balance, a negative CO<sub>2</sub> emissions can theoretically be achieved..{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
 == Technical specifications ==
 ===Gasification of coal===
-Coal is converted into synthesis gas by the integrated gasification combined cycle technology.  CO<sub>2</sub> separation is required in order to obtain a gas composition adequate for further processing. As a result of the gas purification process the obtained CO<sub>2</sub> has a concentration of up to 99%, which permits its commercial use or storage.<ref>{{cite web
+Coal could be converted into synthesis gas by the integrated gasification, combined cycle technology. CO<sub>2</sub> separation would be required in order to obtain a gas composition adequate for further processing. As a result of the gas purification process, the obtained CO<sub>2</sub> would maintain a concentration of up to 99%, which permits its commercial use or storage.<ref>{{cite report
- |url=https://www.usea.org/sites/default/files/082010_Prospects%20for%20coal%2C%20CCTs%20and%20CCS%20in%20the%20European%20Union_ccc173.pdf
+|url=https://www.usea.org/sites/default/files/082010_Prospects%20for%20coal%2C%20CCTs%20and%20CCS%20in%20the%20European%20Union_ccc173.pdf
  |title=Prospects for coal, CCTs and CCS in the European Union
  |last=Stephen
@@ Line 67: / Line 62: @@
  |location=London
  |page=52
- |pages=
  |language=
  |type=
- |format=PDF
  |isbn=978-92-9029-493-1
  |access-date=28 March 2017
+ }}</ref>
- |df=
-}}</ref>
-===Polygeneration===
-The demonstration plant will be generating electricity and thermal power, while CO<sub>2</sub> will be sequestrated and purified for the production of carbo-chemical products or stored underground. Two gasification reactors of identical capacity can be used in an exchangeable way in order to either adapt to enhanced needs in the production of synthesis gas or the generation of electric energy.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
-===Pre-combustion carbon capture and storage===
-The use of integrated gasification combined cycle technology allows to remove the carbon content of coal before burning it (pre-combustion carbon capture). As a consequence the costs of carbon capture are reduced as the only costs that occur are the carbon compression and its transport to an underground storage. There are no additional separation costs which are usually very high in post-combustion carbon capture. CO<sub>2</sub> is injected more than one kilometre under ground into porous Jurassic and Triassic sandstones. Four areas within a range of {{convert|150|km}} from Kędzierzyn-Koźle can come into consideration for permanent underground carbon storage. The biggest of these four areas can store up to 30&nbsp;million tonnes of CO<sub>2</sub>.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
-===Chemical sequestration and carbo-chemical production===
-Around 23% of CO<sub>2</sub> will be used and thus permanently captured in chemical products such as [[methanol]], [[fertilizer]]s or [[polycarbonates]]. The [[Carbon sequestration#Chemical processes|chemical sequestration]] of CO<sub>2</sub> takes place as part of the carbon-dioxide, which would normally have been emitted, is used for the chemical industry. Taking into account both the pre-combustion carbon capture as well as the chemical sequestration, a total reduction of 92% of potential CO<sub>2</sub> emissions can be achieved.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}
 == Technical parameters ==
@@ Line 94: / Line 77: @@
 |Fuel consumption
 |
-|<ref>{{cite web
+|<ref>{{cite report
  |url=https://www.usea.org/sites/default/files/092013_Combining%20renewable%20energy%20with%20coal_ccc223.pdf
  |title=Combining renewable energy with coal
@@ Line 104: / Line 87: @@
  |location=London
  |page=67
- |pages=
  |language=
  |type=
- |format=PDF
  |isbn=978-92-9029-543-3
  |access-date=28 March 2017
+ }}</ref>
- |df=
-}}</ref>
 |-
 |align="right" |''power coal''
@@ Line 164: / Line 144: @@
 == Developers ==
-The project is developed the cooperation of chemicals producer [[Zakłady Azotowe Kędzierzyn]] and electricity company [[Południowy Koncern Energetyczny]].<ref name=euroactiv/>
+The project is developed through cooperation of chemicals producer [[Zakłady Azotowe Kędzierzyn]] and electricity company [[Południowy Koncern Energetyczny]].<ref name=euroactiv/>
 == Media response ==
-The technically innovative concept of the Kędzierzyn Zero-Emission Plant was received with great interest by the international press, such as the New York Times,<ref>[http://greeninc.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/02/17/does-funding-carbon-capture-boost-energy-security/ Does Funding Carbon Capture Boost Energy Security?]</ref> the Guardian,<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2009/feb/25/carbon-capture-storage-emissions-coal/ Carbon capture and storage around the world]</ref> or EurActiv.<ref name=euroactiv>{{cite web
+The Kędzierzyn Zero-Emission Plant was received with interest by the international press, such as the New York Times,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kanter |first=James |date=2009-02-17 |title=Does Funding Carbon Capture Boost Energy Security? |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/green.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/02/17/does-funding-carbon-capture-boost-energy-security/ |access-date=2023-03-11 |website=Green Blog |language=en}}</ref> the Guardian,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2009-02-25 |title=Background guide: Carbon capture and storage around the world |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2009/feb/25/carbon-capture-storage-emissions-coal |access-date=2023-03-11 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> or EurActiv.<ref name=euroactiv>{{cite web
  |url=http://www.euractiv.com/en/energy/poles-seek-funding-zero-emission-plant/article-179533/
  |title=Poles seek funding for zero-emission plant
@@ Line 187: / Line 167: @@
 * [http://ec.europa.eu/energy/oil/berlin_forum/berlin_forum_en.htm/ Berlin Forum on Fossil Fuels]
 * [http://www.co2geonet.com/ European Network of Excellence on Geological Storage of CO<sub>2</sub>]
-* [http://www.co2net.com/ Carbon Dioxide Knowledge Transfer Network]
+* [http://www.co2net.com/ Carbon Dioxide Knowledge Transfer Network] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225060134/http://www.co2net.com/ |date=2017-12-25 }}
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090312060339/http://www.zero-emissionplatform.eu/website/index.html European Technology Platform for Zero Emission Fossil Fuel Power Plants]
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140403035613/http://co2neteast.energnet.com/ CO<sub>2</sub>NET EAST] (Information portal for CO<sub>2</sub> capture and storage technologies)