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Coordinates: 32°52′51″N 84°41′7″W / 32.88083°N 84.68528°W / 32.88083; -84.68528
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{{short description|Historic district in Georgia, United States}}

{{Use American English|date = February 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date = February 2020}}
{{Infobox NRHP
{{Infobox NRHP
| name =Warm Springs Historic District
| name = Warm Springs Historic District
| nrhp_type = nhld
| nrhp_type = nhld
| nocat = yes
| nocat = yes
[[File:Georgia Hall, Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, Warm Springs, Georgia.JPG|thumb|Georgia Hall, Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation]]
[[File:Georgia Hall, Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, Warm Springs, Georgia.JPG|thumb|Georgia Hall, Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation]]
| image = FDR-Little-White-House-2016.jpg
| image = FDR-Little-White-House-2016.jpg
| caption =
| caption =
| location= S of GA 194 and W of GA 85W, [[Warm Springs, Georgia]]
| location = S of GA 194 and W of GA 85W, [[Warm Springs, Georgia]]
| locmapin = USA Georgia#USA
| locmapin = USA Georgia#USA
| area =
| area =
| coordinates = {{coord|32|52|51|N|84|41|7|W|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|32|52|51|N|84|41|7|W|display=inline,title}}
| built =1924
| built = 1924
| architect= [[Henry J. Toombs]], [[Eric Gugler]], et al.
| architect = [[Henry J. Toombs]], [[Eric Gugler]], et al.
| architecture= Colonial Revival
| architecture = Colonial Revival
| designated_nrhp_type= January 16, 1980<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1433&ResourceType=District|title=Warm Springs Historic District |accessdate=2008-05-01|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
| designated_nrhp_type = January 16, 1980<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1433&ResourceType=District|title=Warm Springs Historic District |access-date=2008-05-01|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
| added = July 30, 1974<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
| added = July 30, 1974<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
⚫
| refnum = 74000694
| governing_body = State
⚫
| refnum=74000694
}}
}}
[[File:Georgia - Warm Springs - NARA - 23937183 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|1933]]
'''Warm Springs Historic District''' is a [[historic district (United States)|historic district]] in [[Warm Springs, Georgia]]. It includes [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]'s [[Little White House]] and the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, where Roosevelt indulged in its warm springs. Other buildings in the district tend to range from the 1920s and 1930s. Much of the district looks the same as it did when Roosevelt frequented the area.<ref name="nrhpinv2">{{Cite journal|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Warm Springs Historic District|url={{NHLS url|id=74000694}} |format=pdf|date=April 10, 1979 |author=James H. Charleton |publisher=National Park Service}} and {{NHLS url|id=74000694|title=''Accompanying 13 photos, exterior and interior, from 1974, 1979, and undated''|photos=y}}&nbsp;{{small|(32&nbsp;KB)}}</ref>
'''Warm Springs Historic District''' is a [[historic district (United States)|historic district]] in [[Warm Springs, Georgia]], United States. It includes [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]]'s [[Little White House]] and the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, where Roosevelt indulged in its warm springs. Other buildings in the district tend to range from the 1920s and 1930s. Much of the district looks the same as it did when Roosevelt frequented the area.<ref name="nrhpinv2">{{Cite journal|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Warm Springs Historic District|url={{NHLS url|id=74000694}} |format=pdf|date=April 10, 1979 |author=James H. Charleton |publisher=National Park Service}} and {{NHLS url|id=74000694|title=''Accompanying 13 photos, exterior and interior, from 1974, 1979, and undated''|photos=y}}&nbsp;{{small|(32&nbsp;KB)}}</ref>


Evidence indicates that prehistoric man was the first to use the springs, and as when Roosevelt used the springs, the temperature was {{convert|89|°F|°C}}.<ref name="nrhpinv2"/>
Evidence indicates that the springs were used by prehistoric people, and, as when Roosevelt used the springs, the temperature was {{convert|89|°F|°C}}.<ref name="nrhpinv2"/>


==History==
==History==
Line 42: Line 46:
}}
}}
[[File:Georgia Hall Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation.JPG|thumb|250px|right|Georgia Hall, the main building of the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute]]
[[File:Georgia Hall Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation.JPG|thumb|250px|right|Georgia Hall, the main building of the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute]]
Residents of [[Savannah, Georgia]], began spending vacations at Bullochville in the late 18th century as a way to escape [[yellow fever]], finding the number of warm springs in the vicinity of Bullochville very attractive. In the 1880s and 1890s, traveling to the warm springs was attractive as a way to get away from [[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta]], and many more prosperous Southerners would vacation there. Traveling by railroad to [[Durand, Georgia|Durand]], they would then go to Bullochville. One of the places benefitting from this was the Meriwether Inn. Once the automobile became popular in the early 20th century, the tourists began going elsewhere, starting the decline of the Meriwether Inn.<ref name="nrhpinv2"/><ref>[http://gastateparks.org/net/content/go.aspx?s=129854.129854 Georgia State Parks - History<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Residents of [[Savannah, Georgia]], began spending vacations at Bullochville in the late 18th century as a way to escape [[yellow fever]], finding the number of warm springs in the vicinity of Bullochville very attractive. In the 1880s and 1890s, traveling to the warm springs was a way to get away from [[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta]], and many prosperous Southerners vacationed there. Traveling by railroad to [[Durand, Georgia|Durand]], they would then go to Bullochville. One of the places benefiting from this was the Meriwether Inn. Once the automobile became popular in the early 20th century, tourists began going elsewhere, starting the decline of the inn.<ref name="nrhpinv2"/><ref>[http://gastateparks.org/net/content/go.aspx?s=129854.129854 Georgia State Parks – History<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>


Franklin Delano Roosevelt first visited Warm Springs in October 1924.<ref name="The Roosevelts 2014">{{cite book |last1=Ward |first1=Geoffrey C. |authorlink1=Geoffrey Ward |last2=Burns |first2=Ken |authorlink2=Ken Burns |date=2014 |title=The Roosevelts: An Intimate History |location=New York |publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf]] |isbn=9780307700230}}</ref>{{Rp|257}} He went to a resort in the town whose attraction was a permanent 88-degree natural spring, but whose main house, the Meriwether Inn, was described as "ramshackle". Roosevelt bought the resort and the {{convert|1700|acre|km2|sing=on}} farm surrounding it in 1927. It was around this time that Bullochville was renamed Warm Springs. Roosevelt traveled to the area frequently, including 16 times while he was [[President of the United States]], and he died in the district on April 12, 1945, at his [[Little White House]], which he had built in 1932.<ref>Walsh, Kenneth T. ''From Mount Vernon to Crawford'' (Hyperion, 2005) p.96,97</ref>
Franklin Delano Roosevelt first visited Warm Springs in October 1924.<ref name="The Roosevelts 2014">{{cite book |last1=Ward |first1=Geoffrey C. |author-link1=Geoffrey Ward |last2=Burns |first2=Ken |author-link2=Ken Burns |date=2014 |title=The Roosevelts: An Intimate History |location=New York |publisher=[[Alfred A. Knopf]] |isbn=9780307700230}}</ref>{{Rp|257}} He went to a resort in the town whose attraction was a permanent 88-degree natural spring, but whose main house, the Meriwether Inn, was described as "ramshackle". Roosevelt bought the resort and the {{convert|1700|acre|km2|adj=on}} farm surrounding it in 1927. It was around this time that Bullochville was renamed Warm Springs. Roosevelt traveled to the area frequently, including 16 times while he was [[President of the United States]], and he died in the district on April{{nbsp}}12, 1945, at his [[Little White House]], which he had built in 1932.<ref>Walsh, Kenneth T. ''From Mount Vernon to Crawford'' (Hyperion, 2005) p.96,97</ref>


He founded the Institute after hearing about a boy who had regained the use of his legs, through a treatment known as [[hydrotherapy]], which involves the use of water for soothing pains and treating diseases. The operations of the Institute were paid for by the Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, which later became the [[March of Dimes]].
He founded the Institute after hearing about a boy who had regained the use of his legs, through a treatment known as [[hydrotherapy]], which involves the use of water for soothing pains and treating diseases. The operations of the Institute were paid for by the Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, which later became the [[March of Dimes]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/presidents/roosevelts_little_white_house.html|title=Roosevelt's Little White House at Warm Springs--Presidents: A Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary|website=www.nps.gov|access-date=2017-02-09}}</ref>


It is now the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, a comprehensive rehabilitation facility operated by the state of Georgia.<ref name="Roosevelt Warm Springs">{{cite web |url=http://www.rooseveltrehab.org/ |title=Roosevelt Warm Springs |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |website= |publisher=Georgia Vocational Rehabilitation Agency |access-date=2015-09-28}}</ref> A center for [[Post-polio syndrome|post-polio]] treatment, it provides vocational rehabilitation, long-term acute care, and inpatient rehabilitation for amputees and people recovering from spinal cord injuries, brain damage and stroke.<ref>{{cite news |last=McKenna |first=M.A.J. |date=April 12, 2005 |title=Reflections on Warm Springs |url= |newspaper=[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Wilkinson |first=Jack |date=October 8, 2006 |title=Warm Springs artisans fought polio's damage |url= |newspaper=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution }}</ref>
It is now the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, a comprehensive rehabilitation facility operated by the state of Georgia.<ref name="Roosevelt Warm Springs">{{cite web |url=https://gvs.georgia.gov/roosevelt-warm-springs |title=Roosevelt Warm Springs |publisher=Georgia Vocational Rehabilitation Agency |access-date=2023-06-25}}</ref> A center for [[Post-polio syndrome|post-polio]] treatment, it provides vocational rehabilitation, long-term acute care, and inpatient rehabilitation for amputees and people recovering from spinal cord injuries, brain damage and stroke.<ref>{{cite news |last=McKenna |first=M.A.J. |date=April 12, 2005 |title=Reflections on Warm Springs |newspaper=[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Wilkinson |first=Jack |date=October 8, 2006 |title=Warm Springs artisans fought polio's damage |newspaper=The Atlanta Journal-Constitution }}</ref>


While the original historic pools are not generally open to the public, the Little White House / DNR opens the waters once a year to the public on Labor day weekend. They allow four groups of people in a day for a one and a half hour swim.<ref>{{cite news |first=Shailia |last=Dewan |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=A Long-Ago Refuge Still Tends to the Needs of Polio Survivors |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/30/national/30polio.html?pagewanted=1&ei=5070&en=bba4eb9d42b77e89&ex=1182052800 |work= |publisher=The New York Times |date=April 30, 2005 |accessdate=2007-06-16 }}</ref>
While the original historic pools are not generally open to the public, the Little White House / DNR opens the waters once a year to the public on Labor Day Weekend. They allow four groups of people in a day for a one and a half hour swim.<ref>{{cite news |first=Shailia |last=Dewan |title=A Long-Ago Refuge Still Tends to the Needs of Polio Survivors |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/30/national/30polio.html?pagewanted=1&ei=5070&en=bba4eb9d42b77e89&ex=1182052800 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=April 30, 2005 |access-date=2007-06-16 }}</ref>


The main building of the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute is Georgia Hall, built in 1933 to replace the old Meriwether Inn, which was torn down as it was too dilapidated to successfully renovate to then-modern conditions. Roosevelt often hosted [[Thanksgiving]] dinners in its dining hall for those who were using the Springs. For much of its existence, the institute was the only such facility "exclusively devoted" to [[polio]] patients.<ref name="nrhpinv2"/>
The main building of the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute is Georgia Hall, built in 1933 to replace the old Meriwether Inn, which was torn down as it was too dilapidated to successfully renovate to then-modern conditions. Roosevelt often hosted [[Thanksgiving]] dinners in its dining hall for those who were using the springs. For much of its existence, the institute was the only such facility "exclusively devoted" to [[polio]] patients.<ref name="nrhpinv2"/>


It was declared a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1980.<ref name="nhlsum"/><ref name="nrhpinv2"/>
It was declared a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1980.<ref name="nhlsum"/><ref name="nrhpinv2"/>
Line 58: Line 62:
==Cultural references==
==Cultural references==


In [[2005 in film|2005]] the Warm Springs Institute was featured in the [[television movie]] ''[[Warm Springs (film)|Warm Springs]]'', which details FDR's struggle with his paralytic illness, his discovery of the Georgia [[spa town|spa]] resort, his work to turn it into a center for the aid of polio victims, and the subsequent resumption of his political career.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/warm-springs-film |title=''Warm Springs'' (Film) |last=Vasconcelos |first=Elizabete |date=August 26, 2013 |website=[[New Georgia Encyclopedia]] |publisher= |access-date=2016-01-04}}</ref>
In [[2005 in film|2005]], the Warm Springs Institute was featured in the [[television movie]] ''[[Warm Springs (film)|Warm Springs]]'', which details FDR's struggle with his paralytic illness, his discovery of the Georgia [[spa town|spa]] resort, his work to turn it into a center for the aid of polio victims, and the subsequent resumption of his political career.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/warm-springs-film |title=''Warm Springs'' (Film) |last=Vasconcelos |first=Elizabete |date=August 26, 2013 |website=[[New Georgia Encyclopedia]] |access-date=2016-01-04}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Eleanor Roosevelt School]], a nearby historic Black [[Community school (United States)|community school]] dedicated to President Roosevelt in 1936, after his many stays in Warm Springs
*[[List of National Historic Landmarks in Georgia (U.S. state)]]
* [[Polio Hall of Fame]]
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in Meriwether County, Georgia]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
*{{cite journal|year=1937|doi=10.3133/wsp819| url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/0819/report.pdf
| title = The warm springs of Georgia, their geologic relations and origin, a summary report
| journal = Water Supply Paper | volume = 819
| first1 =D. F. |author-link=Donnel Foster Hewett |last1 =Hewett | first2 = Geoffrey William | last2=Crickmay
}}


==External links==
==External links==
Line 73: Line 84:
{{Franklin D. Roosevelt}}
{{Franklin D. Roosevelt}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}
{{National Register of Historic Places}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Meriwether County, Georgia]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Meriwether County, Georgia]]
[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in Georgia (U.S. state)]]

Latest revision as of 03:42, 8 September 2024

Warm Springs Historic District
Warm Springs Historic District is located in Georgia
Warm Springs Historic District
Warm Springs Historic District is located in the United States
Warm Springs Historic District
LocationS of GA 194 and W of GA 85W, Warm Springs, Georgia
Coordinates32°52′51″N 84°41′7″W / 32.88083°N 84.68528°W / 32.88083; -84.68528
Built1924
ArchitectHenry J. Toombs, Eric Gugler, et al.
Architectural styleColonial Revival
NRHP reference No.74000694
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJuly 30, 1974[1]
Designated NHLDJanuary 16, 1980[2]
1933

Warm Springs Historic District is a historic district in Warm Springs, Georgia, United States. It includes Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Little White House and the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, where Roosevelt indulged in its warm springs. Other buildings in the district tend to range from the 1920s and 1930s. Much of the district looks the same as it did when Roosevelt frequented the area.[3]

Evidence indicates that the springs were used by prehistoric people, and, as when Roosevelt used the springs, the temperature was 89 °F (32 °C).[3]

History

[edit]
FDR at Warm Springs (1928)
FDR at Warm Springs (1929)
Historic American Buildings Survey photograph of the Little White House
Georgia Hall, the main building of the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute

Residents of Savannah, Georgia, began spending vacations at Bullochville in the late 18th century as a way to escape yellow fever, finding the number of warm springs in the vicinity of Bullochville very attractive. In the 1880s and 1890s, traveling to the warm springs was a way to get away from Atlanta, and many prosperous Southerners vacationed there. Traveling by railroad to Durand, they would then go to Bullochville. One of the places benefiting from this was the Meriwether Inn. Once the automobile became popular in the early 20th century, tourists began going elsewhere, starting the decline of the inn.[3][4]

Franklin Delano Roosevelt first visited Warm Springs in October 1924.[5]: 257  He went to a resort in the town whose attraction was a permanent 88-degree natural spring, but whose main house, the Meriwether Inn, was described as "ramshackle". Roosevelt bought the resort and the 1,700-acre (6.9 km2) farm surrounding it in 1927. It was around this time that Bullochville was renamed Warm Springs. Roosevelt traveled to the area frequently, including 16 times while he was President of the United States, and he died in the district on April 12, 1945, at his Little White House, which he had built in 1932.[6]

He founded the Institute after hearing about a boy who had regained the use of his legs, through a treatment known as hydrotherapy, which involves the use of water for soothing pains and treating diseases. The operations of the Institute were paid for by the Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, which later became the March of Dimes.[7]

It is now the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation, a comprehensive rehabilitation facility operated by the state of Georgia.[8] A center for post-polio treatment, it provides vocational rehabilitation, long-term acute care, and inpatient rehabilitation for amputees and people recovering from spinal cord injuries, brain damage and stroke.[9][10]

While the original historic pools are not generally open to the public, the Little White House / DNR opens the waters once a year to the public on Labor Day Weekend. They allow four groups of people in a day for a one and a half hour swim.[11]

The main building of the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute is Georgia Hall, built in 1933 to replace the old Meriwether Inn, which was torn down as it was too dilapidated to successfully renovate to then-modern conditions. Roosevelt often hosted Thanksgiving dinners in its dining hall for those who were using the springs. For much of its existence, the institute was the only such facility "exclusively devoted" to polio patients.[3]

It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1980.[2][3]

Cultural references

[edit]

In 2005, the Warm Springs Institute was featured in the television movie Warm Springs, which details FDR's struggle with his paralytic illness, his discovery of the Georgia spa resort, his work to turn it into a center for the aid of polio victims, and the subsequent resumption of his political career.[12]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. ^ a b "Warm Springs Historic District". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved May 1, 2008.
  3. ^ a b c d e James H. Charleton (April 10, 1979). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Warm Springs Historic District" (pdf). National Park Service. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) and Accompanying 13 photos, exterior and interior, from 1974, 1979, and undated (32 KB)
  4. ^ Georgia State Parks – History
  5. ^ Ward, Geoffrey C.; Burns, Ken (2014). The Roosevelts: An Intimate History. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 9780307700230.
  6. ^ Walsh, Kenneth T. From Mount Vernon to Crawford (Hyperion, 2005) p.96,97
  7. ^ "Roosevelt's Little White House at Warm Springs--Presidents: A Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary". www.nps.gov. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
  8. ^ "Roosevelt Warm Springs". Georgia Vocational Rehabilitation Agency. Retrieved June 25, 2023.
  9. ^ McKenna, M.A.J. (April 12, 2005). "Reflections on Warm Springs". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.
  10. ^ Wilkinson, Jack (October 8, 2006). "Warm Springs artisans fought polio's damage". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.
  11. ^ Dewan, Shailia (April 30, 2005). "A Long-Ago Refuge Still Tends to the Needs of Polio Survivors". The New York Times. Retrieved June 16, 2007.
  12. ^ Vasconcelos, Elizabete (August 26, 2013). "Warm Springs (Film)". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 4, 2016.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Warm Springs Historic District.
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