Apache HTTP Server: Difference between revisions

Apache HTTP Server
Original author(s)	Robert McCool
Developer(s)	Apache Software Foundation
Initial release	1995; 29 years ago
Stable release	2.4.62 / July 17, 2024; 4 months ago
Repository	github.com/apache/httpd ;
Written in	C
Operating system	Unix-like, Microsoft Windows, OpenVMS
Type	Web server
License	Apache-2.0
Website	httpd.apache.org

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The Apache HTTP Server (/əˈpætʃi/ ə-PATCH-ee) is a free and open-source cross-platform web server software, released under the terms of Apache License 2.0. It is developed and maintained by a community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software Foundation.

The vast majority of Apache HTTP Server instances run on a Linux distribution,^[5] but current versions also run on Microsoft Windows,^[6] OpenVMS,^[7] and a wide variety of Unix-like systems. Past versions also ran on NetWare, OS/2 and other operating systems,^[8] including ports to mainframes.^[9]

Originally based on the NCSA HTTPd server, development of Apache began in early 1995 after work on the NCSA code stalled.^[10] Apache played a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web,^[11] quickly overtaking NCSA HTTPd as the dominant HTTP server. In 2009, it became the first web server software to serve more than 100 million websites.^[12]

As of March 2022^[update], Netcraft estimated that Apache served 23.04% of the million busiest websites, while Nginx served 22.01%; Cloudflare at 19.53% and Microsoft Internet Information Services at 5.78% rounded out the top four. For some of Netcraft's other stats, Nginx is ahead of Apache.^[13] According to W3Techs' review of all web sites, in June 2022 Apache was ranked second at 31.4% and Nginx first at 33.6%, with Cloudflare Server third at 21.6%.^[14]

Name

According to The Apache Software Foundation, its name was chosen "from respect for the various Native American nations collectively referred to as Apache, well-known for their superior skills in warfare strategy and their inexhaustible endurance".^[15] This was in a context in which it seemed that the open internet—based on free exchange of open source code—appeared to be soon subjected to a kind of conquer by proprietary software vendor Microsoft; Apache co-creator Brian Behlendorf—originator of the name—saw his effort somewhat parallel that of Geronimo, Chief of the last of the free Apache peoples.^[16]^[17] But it conceded that the name "also makes a cute pun on 'a patchy web server'—a server made from a series of patches".

There are other sources for the "patchy" software pun theory, including the project's official documentation in 1995, which stated: "Apache is a cute name which stuck. It was based on some existing code and a series of software patches, a pun on 'A PAtCHy' server."^[18]^[19]

But in an April 2000 interview, Behlendorf asserted that the origins of Apache were not a pun, stating:^[20]

The name literally came out of the blue. I wish I could say that it was something fantastic, but it was out of the blue. I put it on a page and then a few months later when this project started, I pointed people to this page and said: "Hey, what do you think of that idea?" ... Someone said they liked the name and that it was a really good pun. And I was like, "A pun? What do you mean?" He said, "Well, we're building a server out of a bunch of software patches, right? So it's a patchy Web server." I went, "Oh, all right." ... When I thought of the name, no. It just sort of connoted: "Take no prisoners. Be kind of aggressive and kick some ass."

In January 2023, the US-based non-profit Natives in Tech accused the Apache Software Foundation of cultural appropriation and urged them to change the foundation's name, and consequently also the names of the software projects it hosts.^[21]^[22]

When Apache is running under Unix, its process name is httpd, which is short for "HTTP daemon".^[23]

Feature overview

Apache supports a variety of features, many implemented as compiled modules which extend the core functionality. These can range from authentication schemes to supporting server-side programming languages such as Perl, Python, Tcl and PHP. Popular authentication modules include mod_access, mod_auth, mod_digest, and mod_auth_digest, the successor to mod_digest. A sample of other features include Secure Sockets Layer and Transport Layer Security support (mod_ssl), a proxy module (mod_proxy), a URL rewriting module (mod_rewrite), custom log files (mod_log_config), and filtering support (mod_include and mod_ext_filter).

Popular compression methods on Apache include the external extension module, mod_gzip, implemented to help with reduction of the size (weight) of web pages served over HTTP. ModSecurity is an open source intrusion detection and prevention engine for Web applications. Apache logs can be analyzed through a Web browser using free scripts, such as AWStats/W3Perl or Visitors.

Virtual hosting allows one Apache installation to serve many different websites. For example, one computer with one Apache installation could simultaneously serve example.com, example.org, test47.test-server.example.edu, etc.

Apache features configurable error messages, DBMS-based authentication databases, content negotiation and supports several graphical user interfaces (GUIs).

It supports password authentication and digital certificate authentication. Because the source code is freely available, anyone can adapt the server for specific needs, and there is a large public library of Apache add-ons.^[24]

A more detailed list of features is provided below:

Loadable Dynamic Modules
Multiple Request Processing modes (MPMs) including Event-based/Async, Threaded and Prefork.
Highly scalable (easily handles more than 10,000 simultaneous connections)
Handling of static files, index files, auto-indexing and content negotiation
.htaccess per-directory configuration support^[25]
Reverse proxy with caching^[26]
- Load balancing^[27] with in-band health checks
- Multiple load balancing mechanisms
- Fault tolerance and Failover with automatic recovery
- WebSocket, FastCGI, SCGI, AJP and uWSGI support with caching
- Dynamic configuration^[28]
TLS/SSL with SNI and OCSP stapling support, via OpenSSL or wolfSSL.
Name- and IP address-based virtual servers
IPv6-compatible
HTTP/2 support
Fine-grained authentication and authorization access control^[29]
gzip compression and decompression
URL rewriting^[30]
Headers^[31] and content^[32]^[33] rewriting
Custom logging with rotation
Concurrent connection limiting
Request processing rate limiting
Bandwidth throttling
Server Side Includes^[34]
IP address-based geolocation
User and Session tracking^[35]
WebDAV
Embedded Perl, PHP and Lua scripting
CGI support^[36]
public_html per-user web-pages^[37]
Generic expression parser^[38]
Real-time status views^[39]
FTP support (by a separate module)^[40]

Performance

Instead of implementing a single architecture, Apache provides a variety of MultiProcessing Modules (MPMs), which allow it to run in either a process-based mode, a hybrid (process and thread) mode, or an event-hybrid mode, in order to better match the demands of each particular infrastructure. Choice of MPM and configuration is therefore important. Where compromises in performance must be made, Apache is designed to reduce latency and increase throughput relative to simply handling more requests, thus ensuring consistent and reliable processing of requests within reasonable time-frames.^{[clarification needed]}

For delivering static pages, Apache 2.2 series was considered significantly slower than nginx and varnish.^[41] To address this issue, the Apache developers created the Event MPM, which mixes the use of several processes and several threads per process in an asynchronous event-based loop.^[42]^{[clarification needed]} This architecture as implemented in the Apache 2.4 series performs at least as well as event-based web servers, according to Jim Jagielski and other independent sources.^[43]^[44]^[45] However, some independent but significantly outdated benchmarks show that it is still half as fast as nginx, e.g.^[46]

Licensing

The Apache HTTP Server codebase was relicensed to the Apache 2.0 License (from the previous 1.1 license) in January 2004,^[47] and Apache HTTP Server 1.3.31 and 2.0.49 were the first releases using the new license.^[48]

The OpenBSD project did not like the change and continued the use of pre-2.0 Apache versions, effectively forking Apache 1.3.x for its purposes.^[49]^[50]^[51] They initially replaced it with Nginx, and soon after made their own replacement, OpenBSD Httpd, based on the Relayd project.^[52]^[53]^[54]^[55]

Versions

Version 1.1: The Apache License 1.1 was approved by the ASF in 2000: The primary change from the 1.0 license is in the 'advertising clause' (section 3 of the 1.0 license); derived products are no longer required to include attribution in their advertising materials, only in their documentation.

Version 2.0: The ASF adopted the Apache License 2.0 in January 2004. The stated goals of the license included making the license easier for non-ASF projects to use, improving compatibility with GPL-based software, allowing the license to be included by reference instead of listed in every file, clarifying the license on contributions, and requiring a patent license on contributions that necessarily infringe a contributor's own patents.

Development

Versions of Apache HTTP Server
Version	Initial release	Latest release
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.3	1998-06-06^[56]	2010-02-03 (1.3.42)^[57]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.0	2002-04-06^[58]	2013-07-10 (2.0.65)^[59]
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.2	2005-12-01^[60]	2017-07-11 (2.2.34)^[61]
Current stable version: 2.4	2012-02-21^[62]	2024-07-17 (2.4.62)^[63]
Legend: Old version Old version, still maintained Latest version Latest preview version Future release

The Apache HTTP Server Project is a collaborative software development effort aimed at creating a robust, commercial-grade, feature-rich and freely available source code implementation of an HTTP (Web) server. The project is jointly managed by a group of volunteers located around the world, using the Internet and the Web to communicate, plan, and develop the server and its related documentation. This project is part of the Apache Software Foundation. In addition, hundreds of users have contributed ideas, code, and documentation to the project.^[64]^[65]^[66]

Apache 2.4 dropped support for BeOS, TPF, A/UX, NeXT, and Tandem platforms.^[8]

Security

Apache, like other server software, can be hacked and exploited. The main Apache attack tool is Slowloris, which exploits a bug in Apache software.^[67] It creates many sockets and keeps each of them alive and busy by sending several bytes (known as "keep-alive headers") to let the server know that the computer is still connected and not experiencing network problems. The Apache developers have addressed Slowloris with several modules to limit the damage caused; the Apache modules mod_limitipconn, mod_qos, mod_evasive, mod security, mod_noloris, and mod_antiloris have all been suggested as means of reducing the likelihood of a successful Slowloris attack.^[68]^[69] Since Apache 2.2.15, Apache ships the module mod_reqtimeout as the official solution supported by the developers.^[70]

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External links

Official website

[1] "About the Apache HTTP Server Project". Apache Software Foundation. Archived from the original on 7 June 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-25.

[wikidata-fb962bf350b69e6c7c0325bf6cfe11c14f47f20f-v18-2] "[ANNOUNCEMENT] Apache HTTP Server 2.4.62 Released". 17 July 2024. Retrieved 17 July 2024.

[3] "Apache Software Foundation Index: Projects by Programming Language Index". Archived from the original on 2016-03-02. Retrieved 2016-02-27.

[4] "Compiling and Installing". httpd.apache.org. The Apache Software Foundation. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 9 May 2016.

[5] "OS/Linux Distributions using Apache". secure1.securityspace.com. Archived from the original on 2018-09-18. Retrieved 2018-09-17.

[6] "Platform Specific Notes - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4". httpd.apache.org. Archived from the original on 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2019-01-21.

[7] "Secure Web Server". vmssoftware.com. Archived from the original on 2020-10-22. Retrieved 2020-10-20.

[older-8] "Upgrading to 2.4 from 2.2". Archived from the original on 2021-05-10. Retrieved 2021-05-12. Platform support has been removed for BeOS, TPF, and even older platforms such as A/UX, Next, and Tandem. These were believed to be broken anyway.

[9] "The Apache EBCDIC Port - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4". httpd.apache.org. Archived from the original on 2019-02-27. Retrieved 2019-08-16.

[10] "About the Apache HTTP Server Project - The Apache HTTP Server Project". httpd.apache.org. Retrieved 2024-02-08.

[11] Netcraft Market Share Archived 2010-05-20 at the Wayback Machine for Top Servers Across All Domains August 1995 - today (monthly updated)

[100millionsites-12] "February 2009 Web Server Survey". Netcraft. 18 February 2009. Archived from the original on 26 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-29.

[13] "March 2022 Web Server Survey". Netcraft News. 29 March 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-05-28. Retrieved 2022-06-18.

[14] "Usage Statistics of Web Servers". w3techs.com. Archived from the original on 2023-07-25. Retrieved 2022-06-18.

[Apache_Foundation-15] "Apache Foundation". www.apache.org. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2018.

[16] ""Trillions and Trillions Served" documentary feature on The Apache Software Foundation". TheApacheFoundation / Youtube. 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-11-22.

[17] "A Foundation of Trust: Building a Blockchain Future : Brian Behlendorf". Long Now Foundation / YouTube. 2020-02-10. Archived from the original on 2021-11-22.

[18] "Information on the Apache HTTP Server Project". 1997-04-15. Archived from the original on April 15, 1997.

[19] "Apache Server Frequently Asked Questions". Archived from the original on 1997-01-06. Retrieved 15 January 2017.

[20] McMillan, Robert (15 April 2000). "Apache Power". Linux Magazine. Archived from the original on 28 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[21] Claburn, Thomas (2023-01-11). "Native Americans ask Apache foundation to change name". The Register. Archived from the original on 2023-01-12. Retrieved 2023-01-12.

[22] Purdy, Kevin (2023-01-12). "Indigenous tech group asks Apache Foundation to change its name". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 2023-01-12. Retrieved 2023-01-12.

[23] "Apache Docs". httpd.apache.org. Archived from the original on 5 September 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2018.

[24] "Apache Web Server". webopedia.com. 23 March 1998. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.

[25] "Apache HTTP Server Tutorial: .htaccess files". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-02-25. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[26] "mod_proxy". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2018-07-29. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[27] "mod_proxy_balancer". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-02-13. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[28] "Balancer Manager". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[29] "Authentication and Authorization". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2018-01-31. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[30] "mod_rewrite". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-02-13. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[31] "mod_headers". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-02-21. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[32] "mod_sed". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[33] "mod_substitute". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[34] "Apache httpd Tutorial: Introduction to Server Side Includes". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-02-18. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[35] "mod_usertrack". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2021-05-12. Retrieved 2021-05-12.

[36] "Apache Tutorial: Dynamic Content with CGI". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2021-11-15. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[37] "Per-user web directories". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-02-16. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[38] "Expressions in Apache HTTP Server". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-02-29. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[39] "mod_status". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2016-02-13. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[40] "Apache Module: mod_ftp". Apache.org. Archived from the original on 2017-07-10. Retrieved 2017-07-08.

[41] "Serving static files: a comparison between Apache, Nginx, Varnish and G-WAN". Spoot!. 14 March 2011. Archived from the original on 24 April 2014. Retrieved 23 April 2014.

[42] "worker - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2". apache.org. Archived from the original on 2021-05-10. Retrieved 2021-05-12.

[43] "Apache httpd 2.4" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-01-27. Retrieved 2012-02-08.

[44] "Picking a Proxy Server". 14 April 2014. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2016.

[45] "Throughput evaluation of Apache 2.4.1". 22 February 2012. Archived from the original on 2016-03-02. Retrieved 2016-02-19.

[46] "Performance of Apache 2.4 with the event MPM compared to Nginx". eschrade.com. 3 January 2014. Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 13 March 2014.

[47] "Apache License, Version 2.0". The Apache Software Foundation. January 2004. Archived from the original on 2013-05-18. Retrieved 2013-05-21.

[48] Burton, Richard Antony. "FYI: Apache HTTP Server 2.0.49 Released". Newsgroup: alt.apache.configuration. Retrieved 2018-02-16.

[49] Raadt, Theo (18 February 2004). "The new apache license". openbsd-misc (Mailing list). Retrieved 2013-05-21.

[50] "Copyright Policy". OpenBSD. Archived from the original on 2017-11-13. Retrieved 2013-05-12.

[51] "apache-httpd-openbsd-1.3.20140502p2 – OpenBSD improved and secured version of Apache 1.3". OpenBSD ports. Archived from the original on 2015-03-02. Retrieved 2014-12-28.

[52] Marvin, Rob (25 March 2015). "Inside OpenBSD's new httpd Web server". SD Times. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2019.

[53] "OpenBSD Upgrade Guide: 5.1 to 5.2". openbsd.org. Archived from the original on 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2014-03-13.

[54] , ed. (2014-03-14). "Heads Up: Apache Removed from Base". OpenBSD Journal. Archived from the original on 2014-10-18. Retrieved 2014-12-29.

[55] "OpenBSD Upgrade Guide: 5.5 to 5.6". openbsd.org. Archived from the original on 2014-12-22. Retrieved 2014-12-29.

[56] "Announcement: Apache 1.3.0 Released !". 1998-06-06. Archived from the original on 2018-12-11. Retrieved 2015-01-06.

[57] "Apache HTTP Server 1.3.42 released (final release of 1.3.x)". apache.org. Archived from the original on 2015-03-11. Retrieved 2015-01-06.

[58] "Official Release: Apache 2.0.35 is now GA". 2002-04-06. Archived from the original on 2018-12-12. Retrieved 2015-01-06.

[59] "[Announcement] Apache HTTP Server 2.0.65 Released". apache.org. Archived from the original on 2015-07-28. Retrieved 2015-01-06.

[60] "Apache HTTP Server 2.2.0 Released". 2005-12-01. Archived from the original on 2018-12-12. Retrieved 2015-01-06.

[61] "[Announce] Apache HTTP Server 2.2.34 Released". apache.org. Archived from the original on 2020-08-21. Retrieved 2019-04-03.

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@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 | released = {{Start date and age|1995}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.html|title=About the Apache HTTP Server Project|publisher=[[Apache Software Foundation]]|access-date=2008-06-25|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080607122013/http://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.html|archive-date= 7 June 2008 |url-status= live}}</ref>
 | latest release version = {{wikidata|property|preferred|references|edit|Q11354|P348|P548=Q2804309}}
-| latest release date = {{wikidata|qualifier|preferred|single|Q11354|P348|P548=Q2804309|P577}}
+| latest release date = {{Start date and age|{{#time:Y|{{#invoke:wd|qualifier|raw|P348|P577}}}}|{{#time:m|{{#invoke:wd|qualifier|raw|P348|P577}}}}|{{#time:d|{{#invoke:wd|qualifier|raw|P348|P577}}}}}}
 | latest preview version = {{wikidata|property|preferred|references|edit|Q11354|P348|P548=Q51930650}}
 | latest preview date = {{wikidata|qualifier|preferred|single|Q11354|P348|P548=Q51930650|P577}}
-| operating system = [[Unix-like]], [[Microsoft Windows]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Compiling and Installing|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html|website=httpd.apache.org|publisher=The Apache Software Foundation|access-date=9 May 2016}}</ref> [[OpenVMS]]
+| operating system = [[Unix-like]], [[Microsoft Windows]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Compiling and Installing|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html|website=httpd.apache.org|publisher=The Apache Software Foundation|access-date=9 May 2016|archive-date=7 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507054137/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/install.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[OpenVMS]]
-| programming language = [[C (programming language)|C]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://projects-old.apache.org/indexes/language.html |title=Apache Software Foundation Index: Projects by Programming Language Index |access-date=2016-02-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302011644/http://projects-old.apache.org/indexes/language.html |archive-date=2016-03-02 }}</ref> [[XML]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Languages|work=Apache HTTP Server|agency=Ohloh|publisher=Black Duck Software|url=https://www.ohloh.net/p/apache/analyses/latest/languages_summary|access-date=2 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407075950/https://www.ohloh.net/p/apache/analyses/latest/languages_summary|archive-date=7 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
+| programming language = [[C (programming language)|C]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://projects-old.apache.org/indexes/language.html |title=Apache Software Foundation Index: Projects by Programming Language Index |access-date=2016-02-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302011644/http://projects-old.apache.org/indexes/language.html |archive-date=2016-03-02 }}</ref>
 | genre = [[Web server]]
 | license = [[Apache License|Apache-2.0]]
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 }}
-The '''Apache HTTP Server''' ({{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|p|æ|tʃ|i}} {{Respell|ə|PATCH|ee}}) is a free and [[Open-source software|open-source]] cross-platform [[web server]] software, released under the terms of [[Apache License|Apache License 2.0]]. Apache is developed and maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the [[Apache Software Foundation]].
+The '''Apache HTTP Server''' ({{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|p|æ|tʃ|i}} {{Respell|ə|PATCH|ee}}) is a [[free and open-source software|free and open-source]] cross-platform [[web server]] software, released under the terms of [[Apache License|Apache License 2.0]]. It is developed and maintained by a community of developers under the auspices of the [[Apache Software Foundation]].
-The vast majority of Apache HTTP Server instances run on a [[Linux distribution]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://secure1.securityspace.com/s_survey/data/man.201808/apacheos.html|title=OS/Linux Distributions using Apache|website=secure1.securityspace.com|access-date=2018-09-17}}</ref> but current versions also run on [[Microsoft Windows]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/platform/index.html.en|title=Platform Specific Notes - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4|website=httpd.apache.org|access-date=2019-01-21}}</ref> [[OpenVMS]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://vmssoftware.com/products/secure-web-server/|title=Secure Web Server|access-date=2020-10-20|website=vmssoftware.com}}</ref> and a wide variety of [[Unix-like]] systems. Past versions also ran on [[NetWare]], [[OS/2]] and other operating systems,<ref name=older/> including ports to mainframes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/platform/ebcdic.html.en|title=The Apache EBCDIC Port - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4|website=httpd.apache.org|access-date=2019-08-16}}</ref>
+The vast majority of Apache HTTP Server instances run on a [[Linux distribution]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://secure1.securityspace.com/s_survey/data/man.201808/apacheos.html|title=OS/Linux Distributions using Apache|website=secure1.securityspace.com|access-date=2018-09-17|archive-date=2018-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918054337/https://secure1.securityspace.com/s_survey/data/man.201808/apacheos.html|url-status=live}}</ref> but current versions also run on [[Microsoft Windows]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/platform/index.html.en|title=Platform Specific Notes - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4|website=httpd.apache.org|access-date=2019-01-21|archive-date=2019-01-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190122044008/https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/platform/index.html.en|url-status=live}}</ref> [[OpenVMS]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://vmssoftware.com/products/secure-web-server/|title=Secure Web Server|access-date=2020-10-20|website=vmssoftware.com|archive-date=2020-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022051216/https://vmssoftware.com/products/secure-web-server/|url-status=live}}</ref> and a wide variety of [[Unix-like]] systems. Past versions also ran on [[NetWare]], [[OS/2]] and other operating systems,<ref name=older/> including ports to mainframes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/platform/ebcdic.html.en|title=The Apache EBCDIC Port - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4|website=httpd.apache.org|access-date=2019-08-16|archive-date=2019-02-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227063613/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/platform/ebcdic.html.en|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Originally based on the [[NCSA HTTPd]] server, development of Apache began in early 1995 after work on the NCSA code stalled. Apache played a key role in the initial growth of the [[World Wide Web]],<ref>[http://news.netcraft.com/archives/web_server_survey.html Netcraft Market Share] for Top Servers Across All Domains August 1995 - today (monthly updated)</ref> quickly overtaking NCSA HTTPd as the dominant [[HTTP]] server<!--
+Originally based on the [[NCSA HTTPd]] server, development of Apache began in early 1995 after work on the NCSA code stalled.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Apache HTTP Server Project - The Apache HTTP Server Project |url=https://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.html |access-date=2024-02-08 |website=httpd.apache.org}}</ref> Apache played a key role in the initial growth of the [[World Wide Web]],<ref>[http://news.netcraft.com/archives/web_server_survey.html Netcraft Market Share] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100520142533/http://news.netcraft.com/archives/web_server_survey.html |date=2010-05-20 }} for Top Servers Across All Domains August 1995 - today (monthly updated)</ref> quickly overtaking NCSA HTTPd as the dominant [[HTTP]] server<!--
 it's unclear what graphs is best representation of popularity but Microsoft topped out at 53% share (now down to 13%) in 2017 for "Web server developers: Market share for all sites" (but see also https://www.netcraft.com/active-sites/ ), so I'm commenting out:
-, and has remained most popular since April 1996-->. In 2009, it became the first web server software to serve more than 100 million [[website]]s.<ref name="100millionsites">{{Cite web|url=https://news.netcraft.com/archives/2009/02/18/february_2009_web_server_survey.html|title=February 2009 Web Server Survey|publisher=[[Netcraft]]|access-date=2009-03-29|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090226092501/http://news.netcraft.com//archives//2009//02//18//february_2009_web_server_survey.html|archive-date= 26 February 2009 |url-status= live}}</ref>
+, and has remained most popular since April 1996-->. In 2009, it became the first web server software to serve more than 100 million [[website]]s.<ref name="100millionsites">{{Cite web|url=https://news.netcraft.com/archives/2009/02/18/february_2009_web_server_survey.html|title=February 2009 Web Server Survey|date=18 February 2009 |publisher=[[Netcraft]]|access-date=2009-03-29|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090226092501/http://news.netcraft.com//archives//2009//02//18//february_2009_web_server_survey.html|archive-date= 26 February 2009 |url-status= live}}</ref>
 {{As of|2022|03}}, [[Netcraft]] estimated that Apache served 23.04% of the million busiest websites, while [[Nginx]] served
-.01%. Cloudflare at 19.53% and Microsoft [[Internet Information Services]] at 5.78% rounded out the top four. For some of Netcraft's other stats Nginx is ahead of Apache.<ref>{{Cite web |title=March 2022 Web Server Survey |url=https://news.netcraft.com/archives/2022/03/29/march-2022-web-server-survey.html |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=Netcraft News |language=en-gb}}</ref> According to W3Techs review of all web sites in June 2022 Apache was ranked second at 31.4% and Nginx first at 33.6%, with Cloudflare Server third at 21.6%.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/web_server |title=Usage Statistics of Web Servers |website=w3techs.com |access-date=2022-06-18}}</ref>
+.01%; [[Cloudflare]] at 19.53% and [[Microsoft]] [[Internet Information Services]] at 5.78% rounded out the top four. For some of Netcraft's other stats, Nginx is ahead of Apache.<ref>{{Cite web |title=March 2022 Web Server Survey |url=https://news.netcraft.com/archives/2022/03/29/march-2022-web-server-survey.html |access-date=2022-06-18 |website=Netcraft News |date=29 March 2022 |language=en-gb |archive-date=2022-05-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528125224/https://news.netcraft.com/archives/2022/03/29/march-2022-web-server-survey.html |url-status=live }}</ref> According to W3Techs' review of all web sites, in June 2022 Apache was ranked second at 31.4% and Nginx first at 33.6%, with Cloudflare Server third at 21.6%.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/web_server |title=Usage Statistics of Web Servers |website=w3techs.com |access-date=2022-06-18 |archive-date=2023-07-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725191205/https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/web_server |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ==Name==
-According to [[The Apache Software Foundation]], its name was chosen "from respect for the various [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] nations collectively referred to as [[Apache]], well-known for their superior skills in warfare strategy and their inexhaustible endurance".<ref name="Apache Foundation">{{cite web |title=Apache Foundation |url=https://www.apache.org/foundation/faq.html#name |website=www.apache.org |access-date=22 August 2018}}</ref> This was in a context in which it seemed that the open internet -- based on free exchange of open source code -- appeared to be soon subjected to a kind of conquer by proprietary software vendor [[Microsoft]]; Apache co-creator [[Brian Behlendorf]] -- originator of the name -- saw his effort somewhat parallel that of [[Geronimo]], Chief of the last of the free Apache peoples.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JUt2nb0mgwg&t=234 | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211122/JUt2nb0mgwg| archive-date=2021-11-22 | url-status=live|title="Trillions and Trillions Served" documentary feature on The Apache Software Foundation |publisher=TheApacheFoundation / Youtube |date=2020 }}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_dhmGNeNEc&t=2700 | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211122/u_dhmGNeNEc| archive-date=2021-11-22 | url-status=live|title=A Foundation of Trust: Building a Blockchain Future : Brian Behlendorf |date=2020-02-10 |publisher=Long Now Foundation / YouTube }}{{cbignore}}</ref> But it conceded that the name "also makes a cute [[pun]] on 'a patchy [[web server]]'—a server made from a series of [[Patch (computing)|patches]]".
+According to [[The Apache Software Foundation]], its name was chosen "from respect for the various [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] nations collectively referred to as [[Apache]], well-known for their superior skills in warfare strategy and their inexhaustible endurance".<ref name="Apache Foundation">{{cite web |title=Apache Foundation |url=https://www.apache.org/foundation/faq.html#name |website=www.apache.org |access-date=22 August 2018 |archive-date=13 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213004914/https://www.apache.org/foundation/faq.html#name |url-status=live }}</ref> This was in a context in which it seemed that the open internet—based on free exchange of open source code—appeared to be soon subjected to a kind of conquer by proprietary software vendor [[Microsoft]]; Apache co-creator [[Brian Behlendorf]]—originator of the name—saw his effort somewhat parallel that of [[Geronimo]], Chief of the last of the free Apache peoples.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JUt2nb0mgwg&t=234 | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211122/JUt2nb0mgwg| archive-date=2021-11-22 | url-status=live|title="Trillions and Trillions Served" documentary feature on The Apache Software Foundation |publisher=TheApacheFoundation / Youtube |date=2020 }}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_dhmGNeNEc&t=2700 | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211122/u_dhmGNeNEc| archive-date=2021-11-22 | url-status=live|title=A Foundation of Trust: Building a Blockchain Future : Brian Behlendorf |date=2020-02-10 |publisher=Long Now Foundation / YouTube }}{{cbignore}}</ref> But it conceded that the name "also makes a cute [[pun]] on 'a patchy [[web server]]'—a server made from a series of [[Patch (computing)|patches]]".
 There are other sources for the "patchy" software pun theory, including the project's official documentation in 1995, which stated: "Apache is a cute name which stuck. It was based on some existing code and a series of software patches, a pun on 'A PAtCHy' server."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.apache.org/info.html |title=Information on the Apache HTTP Server Project |date=1997-04-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19970415054031/http://www.apache.org/info.html |archive-date=April 15, 1997 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Apache Server Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://www.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html#relate|access-date=15 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19970106233141/http://www.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html#relate |archive-date=1997-01-06}}</ref>
@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 But in an April 2000 interview, Behlendorf asserted that the origins of Apache were not a pun, stating:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.linux-mag.com/id/472/|title=Apache Power|work=Linux Magazine |first = Robert|last = McMillan|date = 15 April 2000|url-status=usurped|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190128065900/http://www.linux-mag.com/id/472/ |archive-date = 28 January 2019}}</ref>
+{{Blockquote
-{{Quote
-|The name literally came out of the blue. I wish I could say that it was something fantastic, but it was out of the blue. I put it on a page and then a few months later when this project started, I pointed people to this page and said: "Hey, what do you think of that idea?" ... Someone said they liked the name and that it was a really good pun. And I was like, "A pun? What do you mean?" He said, "Well, we're building a [[Server (computing)|server]] out of a bunch of software patches, right? So it's a patchy Web server." I went, "Oh, all right." ... When I thought of the name, no. It just sort of connotated: "Take no prisoners. Be kind of aggressive and kick some ass."
+|The name literally came out of the blue. I wish I could say that it was something fantastic, but it was out of the blue. I put it on a page and then a few months later when this project started, I pointed people to this page and said: "Hey, what do you think of that idea?" ... Someone said they liked the name and that it was a really good pun. And I was like, "A pun? What do you mean?" He said, "Well, we're building a [[Server (computing)|server]] out of a bunch of software patches, right? So it's a patchy Web server." I went, "Oh, all right." ... When I thought of the name, no. It just sort of connoted: "Take no prisoners. Be kind of aggressive and kick some ass."
 }}
+In January 2023, the US-based non-profit Natives in Tech accused the Apache Software Foundation of [[cultural appropriation]] and urged them to change the foundation's name, and consequently also the names of the software projects it hosts.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Claburn |first=Thomas |date=2023-01-11 |title=Native Americans ask Apache foundation to change name |url=https://www.theregister.com/2023/01/11/native_american_apache_software_foundation/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112000842/https://www.theregister.com/2023/01/11/native_american_apache_software_foundation/ |archive-date=2023-01-12 |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=[[The Register]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Purdy |first=Kevin |date=2023-01-12 |title=Indigenous tech group asks Apache Foundation to change its name |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2023/01/indigenous-tech-group-asks-apache-foundation-to-change-its-name/ |access-date=2023-01-12 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us |archive-date=2023-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112181127/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2023/01/indigenous-tech-group-asks-apache-foundation-to-change-its-name/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
-When Apache is running under [[Unix]], its process name is {{code|httpd}}, which is short for "HTTP [[Daemon (computing)|daemon]]".<ref>{{cite web |title=Apache Docs |url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/invoking.html |website=httpd.apache.org |access-date=22 August 2018}}</ref>
+When Apache is running under [[Unix]], its process name is {{code|httpd}}, which is short for "HTTP [[Daemon (computing)|daemon]]".<ref>{{cite web |title=Apache Docs |url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/invoking.html |website=httpd.apache.org |access-date=22 August 2018 |archive-date=5 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905182937/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/invoking.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ==Feature overview==
@@ Line 55: / Line 57: @@
 Apache features configurable error messages, [[Database management system|DBMS]]-based authentication databases, [[content negotiation]] and supports several [[graphical user interface]]s (GUIs).
-It supports password authentication and [[digital certificate]] authentication. Because the source code is freely available, anyone can adapt the server for specific needs, and there is a large public library of Apache add-ons.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.webopedia.com/definitions/apache-web-server/|title=Apache Web Server|work=webopedia.com|date=23 March 1998 }}</ref>
+It supports password authentication and [[digital certificate]] authentication. Because the source code is freely available, anyone can adapt the server for specific needs, and there is a large public library of Apache add-ons.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.webopedia.com/definitions/apache-web-server/|title=Apache Web Server|work=webopedia.com|date=23 March 1998|access-date=12 May 2021|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512193103/https://www.webopedia.com/definitions/apache-web-server/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 A more detailed list of features is provided below:
@@ Line 62: / Line 64: @@
 * Highly scalable (easily handles [[c10k problem|more than 10,000 simultaneous connections]])
 * Handling of static files, index files, auto-indexing and content negotiation
-* <kbd>.htaccess</kbd> per-directory configuration support<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/htaccess.html | title = Apache HTTP Server Tutorial: .htaccess files |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* <kbd>.htaccess</kbd> per-directory configuration support<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/htaccess.html | title = Apache HTTP Server Tutorial: .htaccess files | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2016-02-25 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160225155611/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/htaccess.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
-* [[Reverse proxy]] with caching<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy.html | title = mod_proxy |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* [[Reverse proxy]] with caching<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy.html | title = mod_proxy | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2018-07-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180729204047/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
-** [[Load balancing (computing)|Load balancing]]<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html | title =  mod_proxy_balancer |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref> with in-band health checks
+** [[Load balancing (computing)|Load balancing]]<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html | title = mod_proxy_balancer | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2016-02-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160213163641/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html | url-status = live }}</ref> with in-band health checks
 ** Multiple load balancing mechanisms
 ** [[Fault-tolerant design|Fault tolerance]] and Failover with automatic recovery
 ** [[WebSocket]], [[FastCGI]], [[Simple Common Gateway Interface|SCGI]], [[Apache JServ Protocol|AJP]] and [[uWSGI]] support with caching
-** Dynamic configuration<ref>{{cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/howto/reverse_proxy.html#manager|title=Balancer Manager|publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+** Dynamic configuration<ref>{{cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/howto/reverse_proxy.html#manager|title=Balancer Manager|publisher=Apache.org|access-date=2016-02-19|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304103556/https://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/howto/reverse_proxy.html#manager|url-status=live}}</ref>
 * [[Transport Layer Security|TLS/SSL]] with [[Server Name Indication|SNI]] and [[OCSP stapling]] support, via [[OpenSSL]] or [[wolfSSL]].
 * Name- and IP address-based virtual servers
 * [[IPv6]]-compatible
 * [[HTTP/2]] support
-* Fine-grained authentication and authorization access control<ref>{{cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/auth.html|title=Authentication and Authorization|publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* Fine-grained authentication and authorization access control<ref>{{cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/auth.html|title=Authentication and Authorization|publisher=Apache.org|access-date=2016-02-19|archive-date=2018-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131130634/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/auth.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 * [[gzip]] compression and decompression
-* URL rewriting<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_rewrite.html | title = mod_rewrite |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* URL rewriting<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_rewrite.html | title = mod_rewrite | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2016-02-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160213152803/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_rewrite.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
-* Headers<ref>{{ cite web | url =  https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_headers.html | title = mod_headers |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref> and content<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_sed.html | title = mod_sed |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref><ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_substitute.html | title = mod_substitute |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref> rewriting
+* Headers<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_headers.html | title =  mod_headers | publisher =  Apache.org | access-date =  2016-02-19 | archive-date =  2016-02-21 | archive-url =  https://web.archive.org/web/20160221033800/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_headers.html | url-status =  live }}</ref> and content<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_sed.html | title = mod_sed | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304013210/https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_sed.html | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_substitute.html | title = mod_substitute | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2016-03-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073406/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_substitute.html | url-status = live }}</ref> rewriting
 * Custom logging with rotation
 * Concurrent connection limiting
 * Request processing rate limiting
 * [[Bandwidth throttling]]
-* [[Server Side Includes]]<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/ssi.html | title = Apache httpd Tutorial: Introduction to Server Side Includes |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* [[Server Side Includes]]<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/ssi.html | title = Apache httpd Tutorial: Introduction to Server Side Includes | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2016-02-18 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160218133535/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/ssi.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
 * [[IP address]]-based [[geolocation]]
-* User and Session tracking<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_usertrack.html | title = mod_usertrack |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* User and Session tracking<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_usertrack.html | title = mod_usertrack | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2021-05-12 | archive-date = 2021-05-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210512192558/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_usertrack.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
 * [[WebDAV]]
 * Embedded [[Perl]], [[PHP]] and [[Lua (programming language)|Lua]] scripting
-* [[Common Gateway Interface|CGI]] support<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/cgi.html | title = Apache Tutorial: Dynamic Content with CGI |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* [[Common Gateway Interface|CGI]] support<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/cgi.html | title = Apache Tutorial: Dynamic Content with CGI | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2021-11-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211115181448/https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/cgi.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
-* <code>public_html</code> per-user web-pages<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/public_html.html | title = Per-user web directories |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* <code>public_html</code> per-user web-pages<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/public_html.html | title = Per-user web directories | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2016-02-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160216122731/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/howto/public_html.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
-* Generic expression parser<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/expr.html| title = Expressions in Apache HTTP Server |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* Generic expression parser<ref>{{cite web| url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/expr.html| title = Expressions in Apache HTTP Server| publisher = Apache.org| access-date = 2016-02-19| archive-date = 2016-02-29| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160229120307/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/expr.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
-* Real-time status views<ref>{{ cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_status.html | title =  mod_status |publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* Real-time status views<ref>{{cite web | url = https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_status.html | title = mod_status | publisher = Apache.org | access-date = 2016-02-19 | archive-date = 2016-02-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160213154107/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_status.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
-* [[FTP]] support (by a separate module)<ref>{{cite web | url= https://httpd.apache.org/mod_ftp/mod/mod_ftp.html | title = Apache Module: mod_ftp|publisher=Apache.org}}</ref>
+* [[FTP]] support (by a separate module)<ref>{{cite web | url= https://httpd.apache.org/mod_ftp/mod/mod_ftp.html | title= Apache Module: mod_ftp | publisher= Apache.org | access-date= 2017-07-08 | archive-date= 2017-07-10 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170710072314/http://httpd.apache.org/mod_ftp/mod/mod_ftp.html | url-status= live }}</ref>
 ==Performance==
-Instead of implementing a single architecture, Apache provides a variety of MultiProcessing Modules (MPMs), which allow it to run in either a [[Process (computing)|process]]-based mode, a hybrid (process and [[Thread (computing)|thread]]) mode, or an event-hybrid mode, in order to better match the demands of each particular infrastructure. Choice of MPM and configuration is therefore important. Where compromises in performance must be made, Apache is designed to reduce [[Latency (engineering)#Computer hardware and operating system latency|latency]] and increase [[throughput]] relative to simply handling more requests, thus ensuring consistent and reliable processing of requests within reasonable time-frames.{{clarify |date=August 2018 |reason=It isn't clear to a non-specialist like me why increasing throughput is different from handling more requests or why reducing latency (which sounds like increasing speed) wouldn't enable you to handle more requests. It also isn't clear how either of these represent a compromise in performance. Also, is Apache doing something that decreases latency and increases throughput _relative_ to what you would get by handling more requests, or is it decreasing latency and increasing throughput _rather_ than handling more requests? If the latter, "rather than" should replace "relative to" in that sentence.}}
+Instead of implementing a single architecture, Apache provides a variety of MultiProcessing Modules (MPMs), which allow it to run in either a [[Process (computing)|process]]-based mode, a hybrid (process and [[Thread (computing)|thread]]) mode, or an event-hybrid mode, in order to better match the demands of each particular infrastructure. Choice of MPM and configuration is therefore important. Where compromises in performance must be made, Apache is designed to reduce [[Latency (engineering)#Computer hardware and operating systems|latency]] and increase [[throughput]] relative to simply handling more requests, thus ensuring consistent and reliable processing of requests within reasonable time-frames.{{clarify |date=August 2018}}<!--It isn't clear to a non-specialist like me why increasing throughput is different from handling more requests or why reducing latency (which sounds like increasing speed) wouldn't enable you to handle more requests. It also isn't clear how either of these represent a compromise in performance. Also, is Apache doing something that decreases latency and increases throughput _relative_ to what you would get by handling more requests, or is it decreasing latency and increasing throughput _rather_ than handling more requests? If the latter, "rather than" should replace "relative to" in that sentence.-->
-For delivering static pages, Apache 2.2 series was considered significantly slower than [[nginx]] and [[Varnish (software)|varnish]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nbonvin.wordpress.com/2011/03/14/apache-vs-nginx-vs-varnish-vs-gwan/|title=Serving static files: a comparison between Apache, Nginx, Varnish and G-WAN|work=Spoot!|date=14 March 2011 }}</ref> To address this issue, the Apache developers created the Event MPM, which mixes the use of several processes and several threads per process in an [[Asynchrony (computer programming)|asynchronous]] [[Event loop|event-based loop]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/worker.html|title=worker - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2|work=apache.org}}</ref>{{clarify |date=August 2018 |reason=Mixes the use of xyz with what? Or, if (a) several processes and (b) several processes per thread are the things being mixed, the sentence should read "...Event MPM, which uses several processes and several threads per process...". Also, can someone with more technical knowledge please explain why this approach is advantageous?}} This architecture as implemented in the Apache 2.4 series performs at least as well as event-based web servers, according to [[Jim Jagielski]] and other independent sources.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://people.apache.org/~jim/presos/ACNA11/Apache_httpd_cloud.pdf| title = Apache httpd 2.4}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slideshare.net/bryan_call/choosing-a-proxy-server-apachecon-2014|title=Picking a Proxy Server|date=14 April 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.matsumoto-r.jp/?p=1812|title=Throughput evaluation of Apache 2.4.1}}</ref> However, some independent but significantly outdated benchmarks show that it is still half as fast as nginx, e.g.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eschrade.com/page/performance-of-apache-2-4-with-the-event-mpm-compared-to-nginx/|title=Performance of Apache 2.4 with the event MPM compared to Nginx|work=eschrade.com|date=3 January 2014 }}</ref>
+For delivering static pages, Apache 2.2 series was considered significantly slower than [[nginx]] and [[Varnish (software)|varnish]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nbonvin.wordpress.com/2011/03/14/apache-vs-nginx-vs-varnish-vs-gwan/|title=Serving static files: a comparison between Apache, Nginx, Varnish and G-WAN|work=Spoot!|date=14 March 2011|access-date=23 April 2014|archive-date=24 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424234153/http://nbonvin.wordpress.com/2011/03/14/apache-vs-nginx-vs-varnish-vs-gwan/|url-status=live}}</ref> To address this issue, the Apache developers created the Event MPM, which mixes the use of several processes and several threads per process in an [[Asynchrony (computer programming)|asynchronous]] [[Event loop|event-based loop]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/worker.html|title=worker - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2|work=apache.org|access-date=2021-05-12|archive-date=2021-05-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510050745/https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/worker.html|url-status=live}}</ref>{{clarify |date=August 2018 |reason=Mixes the use of xyz with what? Or, if (a) several processes and (b) several processes per thread are the things being mixed, the sentence should read "...Event MPM, which uses several processes and several threads per process...". Also, can someone with more technical knowledge please explain why this approach is advantageous?}} This architecture as implemented in the Apache 2.4 series performs at least as well as event-based web servers, according to [[Jim Jagielski]] and other independent sources.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://people.apache.org/~jim/presos/ACNA11/Apache_httpd_cloud.pdf| title = Apache httpd 2.4| access-date = 2012-02-08| archive-date = 2012-01-27| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120127033804/http://people.apache.org/~jim/presos/ACNA11/Apache_httpd_cloud.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slideshare.net/bryan_call/choosing-a-proxy-server-apachecon-2014|title=Picking a Proxy Server|date=14 April 2014|access-date=19 February 2016|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303105755/http://www.slideshare.net/bryan_call/choosing-a-proxy-server-apachecon-2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.matsumoto-r.jp/?p=1812|title=Throughput evaluation of Apache 2.4.1|date=22 February 2012 |access-date=2016-02-19|archive-date=2016-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302133533/http://blog.matsumoto-r.jp/?p=1812|url-status=live}}</ref> However, some independent but significantly outdated benchmarks show that it is still half as fast as nginx, e.g.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eschrade.com/page/performance-of-apache-2-4-with-the-event-mpm-compared-to-nginx/|title=Performance of Apache 2.4 with the event MPM compared to Nginx|work=eschrade.com|date=3 January 2014|access-date=13 March 2014|archive-date=13 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313213901/http://www.eschrade.com/page/performance-of-apache-2-4-with-the-event-mpm-compared-to-nginx/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 ==Licensing==
-The Apache HTTP Server [[codebase]] was [[Software relicensing|relicensed]] to the [[Apache License|Apache 2.0 License]] (from the previous 1.1 license) in January 2004,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html|title=Apache License, Version 2.0|publisher=The Apache Software Foundation|date=January 2004|access-date=2013-05-21}}</ref> and Apache HTTP Server 1.3.31 and 2.0.49 were the first [[Software release life cycle|releases]] using the new license.<ref>{{Cite newsgroup|title=FYI: Apache HTTP Server 2.0.49 Released|last=Burton|first=Richard Antony|newsgroup=alt.apache.configuration|url=https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.apache.configuration/042hhGcLWUs/rDJdt5b927cJ|access-date=2018-02-16}}</ref>
+The Apache HTTP Server [[codebase]] was [[Software relicensing|relicensed]] to the [[Apache License|Apache 2.0 License]] (from the previous 1.1 license) in January 2004,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html|title=Apache License, Version 2.0|publisher=The Apache Software Foundation|date=January 2004|access-date=2013-05-21|archive-date=2013-05-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518072534/http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and Apache HTTP Server 1.3.31 and 2.0.49 were the first [[Software release life cycle|releases]] using the new license.<ref>{{Cite newsgroup|title=FYI: Apache HTTP Server 2.0.49 Released|last=Burton|first=Richard Antony|newsgroup=alt.apache.configuration|url=https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.apache.configuration/042hhGcLWUs/rDJdt5b927cJ|access-date=2018-02-16}}</ref>
-The [[OpenBSD]] project did not like the change and continued the use of pre-2.0 Apache versions, effectively [[Fork (software development)|forking]] Apache 1.3.x for its purposes.<ref>{{Cite mailing list|url=http://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc&m=107714762916291|title=The new apache license|last=de Raadt|first=Theo|author-link=Theo de Raadt|mailing-list=openbsd-misc|date=18 February 2004|access-date=2013-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.openbsd.org/policy.html|title=Copyright Policy|publisher=OpenBSD|access-date=2013-05-12}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ports.su/www/apache-httpd-openbsd |title=apache-httpd-openbsd-1.3.20140502p2 – OpenBSD improved and secured version of Apache 1.3 |website=OpenBSD ports |access-date=2014-12-28}}</ref> They initially replaced it with [[Nginx]], and soon after made their own replacement, OpenBSD Httpd, based on the Relayd project.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Marvin |first1=Rob |title=Inside OpenBSD's new httpd Web server |url=https://sdtimes.com/httpd/inside-openbsds-new-httpd-web-server/ |access-date=12 October 2019 |work=SD Times |date=25 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openbsd.org/faq/upgrade52.html#nginx|title=OpenBSD Upgrade Guide: 5.1 to 5.2|work=openbsd.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20140314080734|date=2014-03-14|title= Heads Up: Apache Removed from Base |website=[[OpenBSD Journal]]|editor=jj}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openbsd.org/faq/upgrade56.html#ToPorts|title=OpenBSD Upgrade Guide: 5.5 to 5.6|work=openbsd.org}}</ref>
+The [[OpenBSD]] project did not like the change and continued the use of pre-2.0 Apache versions, effectively [[Fork (software development)|forking]] Apache 1.3.x for its purposes.<ref>{{Cite mailing list|url=http://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc&m=107714762916291|title=The new apache license|last=de Raadt|first=Theo|author-link=Theo de Raadt|mailing-list=openbsd-misc|date=18 February 2004|access-date=2013-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.openbsd.org/policy.html|title=Copyright Policy|publisher=OpenBSD|access-date=2013-05-12|archive-date=2017-11-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113040622/http://www.openbsd.org/policy.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ports.su/www/apache-httpd-openbsd |title=apache-httpd-openbsd-1.3.20140502p2 – OpenBSD improved and secured version of Apache 1.3 |website=OpenBSD ports |access-date=2014-12-28 |archive-date=2015-03-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302031504/http://ports.su/www/apache-httpd-openbsd |url-status=live }}</ref> They initially replaced it with [[Nginx]], and soon after made their own replacement, OpenBSD Httpd, based on the Relayd project.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Marvin |first1=Rob |title=Inside OpenBSD's new httpd Web server |url=https://sdtimes.com/httpd/inside-openbsds-new-httpd-web-server/ |access-date=12 October 2019 |work=SD Times |date=25 March 2015 |archive-date=12 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012215958/https://sdtimes.com/httpd/inside-openbsds-new-httpd-web-server/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openbsd.org/faq/upgrade52.html#nginx|title=OpenBSD Upgrade Guide: 5.1 to 5.2|work=openbsd.org|access-date=2014-03-13|archive-date=2017-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222055544/http://www.openbsd.org/faq/upgrade52.html#nginx|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20140314080734|date=2014-03-14|title=Heads Up: Apache Removed from Base|website=[[OpenBSD Journal]]|editor=jj|access-date=2014-12-29|archive-date=2014-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018182803/http://www.undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20140314080734|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.openbsd.org/faq/upgrade56.html#ToPorts|title=OpenBSD Upgrade Guide: 5.5 to 5.6|work=openbsd.org|access-date=2014-12-29|archive-date=2014-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222025858/http://www.openbsd.org/faq/upgrade56.html#ToPorts|url-status=live}}</ref>
 ===Versions===
@@ Line 119: / Line 121: @@
 |-
 !scope="row" {{Version|o|1.3}}
-|1998-06-06<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=90221040625561&w=2|title=Announcement: Apache 1.3.0 Released !|date=1998-06-06|access-date=2015-01-06}}</ref>
+|1998-06-06<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=90221040625561&w=2|title=Announcement: Apache 1.3.0 Released !|date=1998-06-06|access-date=2015-01-06|archive-date=2018-12-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211203756/https://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=90221040625561&w=2|url-status=live}}</ref>
-|2010-02-03 (1.3.42)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201002.mbox/%3C20100203000334.GA19021%40infiltrator.stdlib.net%3E|title=Apache HTTP Server 1.3.42 released (final release of 1.3.x)|work=apache.org}}</ref>
+|2010-02-03 (1.3.42)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201002.mbox/%3C20100203000334.GA19021%40infiltrator.stdlib.net%3E|title=Apache HTTP Server 1.3.42 released (final release of 1.3.x)|work=apache.org|access-date=2015-01-06|archive-date=2015-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311184801/http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201002.mbox/%3C20100203000334.GA19021@infiltrator.stdlib.net%3E|url-status=live}}</ref>
 |-
 !scope="row" {{Version|o|2.0}}
-|2002-04-06<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=101810732100356&w=2|title=Official Release: Apache 2.0.35 is now GA|date=2002-04-06|access-date=2015-01-06}}</ref>
+|2002-04-06<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=101810732100356&w=2|title=Official Release: Apache 2.0.35 is now GA|date=2002-04-06|access-date=2015-01-06|archive-date=2018-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212084822/https://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=101810732100356&w=2|url-status=live}}</ref>
-|2013-07-10 (2.0.65)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201307.mbox/%3C20130710124920.2b8793ed.wrowe%40rowe-clan.net%3E|title=[Announcement] Apache HTTP Server 2.0.65 Released|work=apache.org}}</ref>
+|2013-07-10 (2.0.65)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201307.mbox/%3C20130710124920.2b8793ed.wrowe%40rowe-clan.net%3E|title=[Announcement] Apache HTTP Server 2.0.65 Released|work=apache.org|access-date=2015-01-06|archive-date=2015-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150728000646/http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/httpd-announce/201307.mbox/%3C20130710124920.2b8793ed.wrowe@rowe-clan.net%3E|url-status=live}}</ref>
 |-
 !scope="row" {{Version|o|2.2}}
-|2005-12-01<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=113347470201565&w=2|title=Apache HTTP Server 2.2.0 Released|date=2005-12-01|access-date=2015-01-06}}</ref>
+|2005-12-01<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=113347470201565&w=2|title=Apache HTTP Server 2.2.0 Released|date=2005-12-01|access-date=2015-01-06|archive-date=2018-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212145848/https://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=113347470201565&w=2|url-status=live}}</ref>
-|2017-07-11 (2.2.34)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/www-announce/201707.mbox/%3CCACsi2512a0dKZm5SEb9GyNH6nMfs1+swpxyui3c+UZUwvi3vvg@mail.gmail.com%3E|title=[Announce] Apache HTTP Server 2.2.34 Released|work=apache.org}}</ref>
+|2017-07-11 (2.2.34)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/www-announce/201707.mbox/%3CCACsi2512a0dKZm5SEb9GyNH6nMfs1+swpxyui3c+UZUwvi3vvg@mail.gmail.com%3E|title=[Announce] Apache HTTP Server 2.2.34 Released|work=apache.org|access-date=2019-04-03|archive-date=2020-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200821113300/https://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/www-announce/201707.mbox/%3CCACsi2512a0dKZm5SEb9GyNH6nMfs1+swpxyui3c+UZUwvi3vvg@mail.gmail.com%3E|url-status=live}}</ref>
 |-
 !scope="row" {{Version|c|2.4}}
-|2012-02-21<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=132983471818384&w=2|title=[ANNOUNCEMENT] Apache HTTP Server 2.4.1 Released|date=2012-02-21|access-date=2015-07-17}}</ref>
+|2012-02-21<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=132983471818384&w=2|title=[ANNOUNCEMENT] Apache HTTP Server 2.4.1 Released|date=2012-02-21|access-date=2015-07-17|archive-date=2021-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212205004/https://marc.info/?l=apache-httpd-announce&m=132983471818384&w=2|url-status=live}}</ref>
-|2022-06-08 (2.4.54)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/Announcement2.4.html|title=Apache HTTP Server 2.4.54 Released|work=apache.org}}</ref>
+|2024-07-17 (2.4.62)<ref>{{cite web |title=Apache HTTP Server 2.4.62 Released |url=https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/Announcement2.4.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2017-10-25 |work=apache.org}}</ref>
 |-
 |colspan="3"|{{Version|l|show=010100}}
 |}
-The Apache HTTP Server Project is a collaborative software development effort aimed at creating a robust, commercial-grade, feature-rich and freely available source code implementation of an HTTP (Web) server. The project is jointly managed by a group of volunteers located around the world, using the Internet and the Web to communicate, plan, and develop the server and its related documentation. This project is part of the Apache Software Foundation. In addition, hundreds of users have contributed ideas, code, and documentation to the project.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.html|title=About the Apache HTTP Server Project - The Apache HTTP Server Project|author=Documentation Group|work=apache.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.ohloh.net/p/apache| title = The Apache HTTP Server Open Source Project on Ohloh. (n.d.). Ohloh, the open source network. Retrieved November 12, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/13/html/Managing_Confined_Services/chap-Managing_Confined_Services-The_Apache_HTTP_Server.html|title=Chapter 4. The Apache HTTP Server|work=fedoraproject.org}}</ref>
+The Apache HTTP Server Project is a collaborative software development effort aimed at creating a robust, commercial-grade, feature-rich and freely available source code implementation of an HTTP (Web) server. The project is jointly managed by a group of volunteers located around the world, using the Internet and the Web to communicate, plan, and develop the server and its related documentation. This project is part of the [[The Apache Software Foundation|Apache Software Foundation]]. In addition, hundreds of users have contributed ideas, code, and documentation to the project.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.html|title=About the Apache HTTP Server Project - The Apache HTTP Server Project|author=Documentation Group|work=apache.org|access-date=2021-05-12|archive-date=2008-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607122013/http://httpd.apache.org/ABOUT_APACHE.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.ohloh.net/p/apache| title = The Apache HTTP Server Open Source Project on Ohloh. (n.d.). Ohloh, the open source network. Retrieved November 12, 2012| access-date = February 8, 2012| archive-date = March 9, 2012| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120309003935/https://www.ohloh.net/p/apache| url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/13/html/Managing_Confined_Services/chap-Managing_Confined_Services-The_Apache_HTTP_Server.html|title=Chapter 4. The Apache HTTP Server|work=fedoraproject.org|access-date=2012-12-03|archive-date=2012-11-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121125111059/http://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/13/html/Managing_Confined_Services/chap-Managing_Confined_Services-The_Apache_HTTP_Server.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
-Apache 2.4 dropped support for [[BeOS]], [[Transaction Processing Facility|TPF]], [[A/UX]], [[NeXT]], and [[Tandem_Computers|Tandem]] platforms.<ref name=older>{{cite web |url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/upgrading.html |title=Upgrading to 2.4 from 2.2 |quote=Platform support has been removed for BeOS, TPF, and even older platforms such as A/UX, Next, and Tandem. These were believed to be broken anyway.}}</ref>
+Apache 2.4 dropped support for [[BeOS]], [[Transaction Processing Facility|TPF]], [[A/UX]], [[NeXT]], and [[Tandem_Computers|Tandem]] platforms.<ref name=older>{{cite web |url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/upgrading.html |title=Upgrading to 2.4 from 2.2 |quote=Platform support has been removed for BeOS, TPF, and even older platforms such as A/UX, Next, and Tandem. These were believed to be broken anyway. |access-date=2021-05-12 |archive-date=2021-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510141206/https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/upgrading.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ==Security==
 {{Disputed section|date=January 2021}}
-Apache, like other server software, can be hacked and exploited. The main Apache attack tool is [[Slowloris (computer security)|Slowloris]], which exploits a bug in Apache software.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Apache+HTTP+DoS+tool+mitigation/6613|title=Apache HTTP DoS tool mitigation|last=Zdrnja|first=Bojan|publisher=[[SANS Institute]]|date=21 June 2009}}</ref> It creates many sockets and keeps each of them alive and busy by sending several bytes (known as "keep-alive headers") to let the server know that the computer is still connected and not experiencing network problems. The Apache developers have addressed Slowloris with several modules to limit the damage caused; the Apache modules mod_limitipconn, [[mod_qos]], mod_evasive, [[mod security]], mod_noloris, and mod_antiloris have all been suggested as means of reducing the likelihood of a successful Slowloris attack.<ref name="ha.ckers.org">{{cite web |url=http://ha.ckers.org/slowloris |title=Slowloris HTTP DoS |access-date=2009-06-26 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426090206/http://ha.ckers.org/slowloris |archive-date=26 April 2015 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://bahumbug.wordpress.com/2009/07/01/mod_noloris-defending-against-dos/ |title=mod_noloris: defending against DoS |date=July 2009 |publisher=niq's soapbox |access-date=7 January 2012}}</ref> Since Apache 2.2.15, Apache ships the module mod_reqtimeout as the official solution supported by the developers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_reqtimeout.html |title=mod_reqtimeout |publisher=Apache.org |access-date=2013-07-03}}</ref>
+Apache, like other server software, can be hacked and exploited. The main Apache attack tool is [[Slowloris (computer security)|Slowloris]], which exploits a bug in Apache software.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Apache+HTTP+DoS+tool+mitigation/6613|title=Apache HTTP DoS tool mitigation|last=Zdrnja|first=Bojan|publisher=[[SANS Institute]]|date=21 June 2009|access-date=12 November 2021|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112130802/https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Apache+HTTP+DoS+tool+mitigation/6613|url-status=live}}</ref> It creates many sockets and keeps each of them alive and busy by sending several bytes (known as "keep-alive headers") to let the server know that the computer is still connected and not experiencing network problems. The Apache developers have addressed Slowloris with several modules to limit the damage caused; the Apache modules mod_limitipconn, [[mod_qos]], mod_evasive, [[mod security]], mod_noloris, and mod_antiloris have all been suggested as means of reducing the likelihood of a successful Slowloris attack.<ref name="ha.ckers.org">{{cite web |url=http://ha.ckers.org/slowloris |title=Slowloris HTTP DoS |access-date=2009-06-26 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426090206/http://ha.ckers.org/slowloris |archive-date=26 April 2015 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://bahumbug.wordpress.com/2009/07/01/mod_noloris-defending-against-dos/ |title=mod_noloris: defending against DoS |date=July 2009 |publisher=niq's soapbox |access-date=7 January 2012 |archive-date=8 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008151654/http://bahumbug.wordpress.com/2009/07/01/mod_noloris-defending-against-dos/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Since Apache 2.2.15, Apache ships the module mod_reqtimeout as the official solution supported by the developers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_reqtimeout.html |title=mod_reqtimeout |publisher=Apache.org |access-date=2013-07-03 |archive-date=2013-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703041319/http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_reqtimeout.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 173: / Line 175: @@
 [[Category:1995 software]]
-[[Category:Apache Software Foundation|HTTP Server]]
 [[Category:Apache Software Foundation projects| ]]
 [[Category:Cross-platform free software]]
@@ Line 182: / Line 183: @@
 [[Category:Unix network-related software]]
 [[Category:Web server software for Linux]]
-[[Category:Web server software]]

v t e The Apache Software Foundation
Top-level projects	Accumulo ActiveMQ Airavata Airflow Allura Ambari Ant Aries Arrow Apache HTTP Server APR Avro Axis Axis2 Beam Bloodhound Brooklyn Calcite Camel CarbonData Cassandra Cayenne CloudStack Cocoon Cordova CouchDB cTAKES CXF Derby Directory Drill Druid Empire-db Felix Flex Flink Flume FreeMarker Geronimo Groovy Guacamole Gump Hadoop HBase Helix Hive Iceberg Ignite Impala Jackrabbit James Jena JMeter Kafka Kudu Kylin Lucene Mahout Maven MINA mod_perl MyFaces Mynewt NiFi NetBeans Nutch NuttX OFBiz Oozie OpenEJB OpenJPA OpenNLP OрenOffice ORC PDFBox Parquet Phoenix POI Pig Pinot Pivot Qpid Roller RocketMQ Samza Shiro SINGA Sling Solr Spark Storm SpamAssassin Struts 1 Struts 2 Subversion Superset SystemDS Tapestry Thrift Tika TinkerPop Tomcat Trafodion Traffic Server UIMA Velocity Wicket Xalan Xerces XMLBeans Yetus ZooKeeper
Commons	BCEL BSF Daemon Jelly Logging
Incubator	Taverna
Other projects	Batik FOP Ivy Log4j
Attic	Apex AxKit Beehive iBATIS Click Continuum Deltacloud Etch Giraph Hama Harmony Jakarta Marmotta MXNet ODE River Shale Slide Sqoop Stanbol Tuscany Wave XML
Licenses	Apache License
Category

v t e Web server software
Comparisons
Most popular	Apache Nginx IIS IIS Express
Other	AOLserver Caddy Caudium Cherokee GlassFish Gunicorn H2O Hiawatha iPlanet Jetty JEUS Jexus JOnAS Lighttpd LiteSpeed Web Server Mongoose Mongrel2 Monkey NaviServer NetWeaver OpenResty Passenger Paste POCO Puma Resin Roxen thttpd Tomcat Tornado Traffic Server Twisted WebLogic WEBrick WebSphere WildFly Yaws Zope
Retired	Boa CERN httpd Mongrel NCSA HTTPd Xitami Zeus

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	Germany France BnF data Czech Republic 2
Other	IdRef