Hitachi Rail Italy: Difference between revisions

Hitachi Rail Italy
Formerly	AnsaldoBreda (2001–2015)
Company type	Società per Azioni (S.p.A.)
Industry	Engineering
Predecessor	Gio. Ansaldo & C. and Società Italiana Ernesto Breda
Founded	2001
Successor	Hitachi Rail STS
Headquarters	Pistoia, Italy
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	Maurizio Manfellotto (President & CEO)
Products	Rail transport vehicles
Services	Maintenance
Number of employees	2,400
Parent	Hitachi Rail (2015–2021); Finmeccanica (2001–2015)
Subsidiaries	Hitachi Rail USA
Website	hitachirail.com

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Hitachi Rail Italy S.p.A. was a multinational rolling stock manufacturer company based in Pistoia, Italy. Formerly AnsaldoBreda S.p.A., a subsidiary of state-owned Finmeccanica, the company was sold in 2015 to Hitachi Rail of Japan.^[2] After the deal was finalized, the current name was adapted in November 2015 to reflect the new ownership.^[3]

History

Early history: Ansaldo and Breda

Ansaldo

In 1853, the company Gio. Ansaldo & C. was registered in Genoa as a manufacturer of steam locomotives, rail rolling stock and steam engines. The company was backed by Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, the powerful finance minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, who aimed to reduce its dependence on imported trains and rolling stock.^[4] Ansaldo entered the age of the steam locomotive in 1854 with its model FS113, also known as Sampierdarena. During the First World War, Ansaldo became a large supplier of weapons to the Italian army; facing insurmountable difficulties with post-war reconversion to civilian industry, the company was eventually nationalised in 1921.^[5] During the rest of the 1900s, the company diversified in different fields, especially power generation (Ansaldo Energia) and nuclear research, while the rolling stock activities were reunited under Ansaldo Trasporti.

Breda

In 1886, Ernesto Breda founded in Milan Società Italiana Ernesto Breda.^[6] By 1908, Breda's thousandth locomotive was built.^[6] Breda entered the electric locomotive era in 1936 with the production of the FS Class ETR 200 series electric multiple unit. In 1939 this type set the land speed record for rail vehicles^[7] at 203 km/h (126 mph).^[8] Similarly to Ansaldo, also Breda became a main weapon supplier to the Fascist regime, especially of artillery and airplanes. After the Second World War the company was facing bankruptcy, and was eventually nationalised in 1947. During the Italian economic miracle of the 1950-60s, Breda produced a highly successful commuter train, the FS Class ETR 300, several classes of railcars and locomotives, and diversified into defense (OTO Melara) and, especially, buses. In the 1980s Breda participated in the consortium that designed the first Italian high-speed train, the FS Class ETR 500.

Merger and crisis (2001–2015)

In a massive restructuring effort, in 2001 the Italian state merged all the rolling stock activities of the then loss-making Ansaldo and Breda in a new company, AnsaldoBreda,^[9] that in turn became part of the Finmeccanica state-owned group.^[10] The new company won a string of big contracts across Europe and the United States; however, lacking adequate funding and capacity,^[11] AnsaldoBreda became infamous for its unreliable products and long delays, damaging the reputation of the company.

Controversies during the 2000s

In 1991, 100 4000 Series railcars from AnsaldoBreda were delivered to the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. On 4 July 2010, after several incidents where the doors would open while the train was in motion, Metro removed the fleet for repairs until 20 July that year. On 17 November 2016 Metro discovered an error in which a 4000-series car would display an incorrect speed limit to a train operator while in manual mode (which is the only mode used since the June 2009 Washington Metro train collision). On 7 June 2017 Metro announced that the 4000-series cars would be fully retired and removed from service on 1 July 2017, and by that date all cars were taken out of service.^[12]

Delivery of 83 IC4 AnsaldoBreda trainsets for the Danish State Railways DSB was originally planned for 2003–2006. However, the last train was delivered only in 2013 and IC4 trains have seen many technical problems during their service.^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16] DSB announced in 2016 that the trains would be withdrawn from service from 2024.^[17]^[18]

After winning a big contract for the Dutch-Belgium Fyra project in 2004, nine V250 train units were delivered to the Dutch partner NS over five years later than originally contracted. Soon after the trains went into service on the high-speed line between the Netherlands and Belgium, the V250 suffered a number of severe technical problems. The Fyra had a poor reputation for reliability. After a month of operations more than 5% of all trains were cancelled and less than 45% of them ran on schedule.^[19] On 31 May 2013, the Belgium partner NMBS/SNCB announced that they would exit the Fyra project and cancel the contract with AnsaldoBreda.^[20]

The City of Gothenburg in Sweden has ordered 40 one-directional Sirio trams which were to be put into service on the Gothenburg tram network during 2005 and onwards. The trams were delivered late and functioned poorly when put into traffic. Among reported problems were corrosion, excessive track damage caused by the trams, malfunctioning air conditioners inside the trams and poor ride quality. The City of Gothenburg therefore withheld a large part of the payment for a delivered tram until fully operational.^[21]^[22]^[23]^[24]^[25]

The 32 two-directional trams delivered for the Oslo Tramway from 1999, called SL95, have met several difficulties with rust during snowy weather and the heavy weight necessitates much maintenance to streets and tracks, which make the trams expensive to operate.^[26]^[27] They are also considered to create more noise than necessary. The replacement of the trams will start in 2020 and the last trams will be taken out of service in 2024.^[28]^[29]

After 7 years on a 4-year project the region of Stockholm decided to cancel the contract on new signal system for the red metro line in Stockholm with Ansaldo on 1 billion SEK. The prepayment of hundreds of million SEK is currently up in arbitration court.^[30]

The Italian high-speed trains program

In spite of its overall terminal crisis, AnsaldoBreda managed to successfully participate in the Italian high-speed trains program until the very end of its existence. The ETR 500, that entered service in 1993, was continuously upgraded and ran at a record speed of 362 km/h (225 mph) in the Monte Bibele tunnel between Florence and Bologna in 2009, setting a speed record for trains in a tunnel.^[31] A new generation high-speed train, the Frecciarossa 1000, was developed in a consortium with Bombardier Transportation and entered service in 2015.^[32]^[33] On 26 February 2016, a Frecciarossa 1000 reportedly attained a peak speed of 393.8 km/h (244.7 mph) while traversing the Torino-Milano high speed line.^[34]

Hitachi Italy era (2015 to present)

Lacking the funds for a proper restructuring of its troubled subsidiary, Finmeccanica announced on 2 November 2015 the 'closing of transactions' covering the purchase of AnsaldoBreda by Hitachi, together with Finmeccanica's 40% stake in Ansaldo STS, for $2.2 billion.^[35]

Under the agreements signed on 24 February 2015, following a dividend distribution announced on 6 March, the purchase price for Finmeccanica's stake in Ansaldo STS has been set at €9.50 per share, amounting to a total of €761m. The total net consideration to be paid for AnsaldoBreda as a going concern, including property assets, amounts to around €30m. As a part of the deal Finmeccanica would keep the responsibility for some residual contracts.^[36]

Since being acquired by Hitachi, production of some British Rail Class 802 has been shifted to Hitachi Rail Italy's Pistoia plant due to Hitachi Rail's Newton Aycliffe plant, being at capacity.^[37]

Products

DMU and EMU

Metro

(All of these metros are being used in the Milan Metro network as of 2023.)

Tram and light rail

Locomotives

Main operators

Brazil

Elettrotreno ETR 211 (Metrostar) for Fortaleza Metro running in the Linha Sul

China

Sirio for Zhuhai Tram

Denmark

Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro for Copenhagen Metro.
diesel multiple unit IC4 for DSB

Greece

Sirio for Athens Tram.
Tri-mode trains for TrainOSE long-distance services capable of operating with electrical supply, diesel engines or onboard batteries, to be delivered from 2022.
33 Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro for Metro Thessaloniki.

Italy

high-speed ETR 500 for Trenitalia of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane.^[38]^[39]^[40]^[41]
high-speed Frecciarossa 1000 for Trenitalia of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane.^[42]^[43]
locomotive E.402
locomotive E.403
multiple unit Treno Servizio Regionale (TSR) for LeNORD.
multiple unit Treno ad alta frequentazione (TAF) for Ferrovie Nord Milano (FNM).
multiple unit Caravaggio for Trenitalia and FNM.
three-car articulated units ETR 211 Metrostar for Circumvesuviana. The Circumvesuviana operate a fleet of twenty-six "Metrostar".^[44]
Meneghino for Milan Metro.^[45]^[46]
Leonardo for Milan Metro.
Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro for Milan Metro and Brescia Metro.^[47]^[48]^[49]
Sirio for Tramvie Elettriche Bergamasche of Bergamo.^[50]
Sirio for Rete tranviaria di Firenze of Florence.^[51]^[52]
Sirio for Naples tramway network of Naples and for Sassari metro-tramway.

Morocco

multiple unit TAF Z2M for ONCF. The ONCF operates a fleet of 24 trains.^[53]

Norway

electric multiple unit NSB Class 72 for Norwegian State Railways. The NSB operates a fleet of 36 trains.^[54]
multiple unit SL95 for Oslo Tramway. Sporveien Trikken operates a fleet of 32 low-floor, articulated trams.^[55] Over the years, AnsaldoBreda has updated the equipment to meet the requirements and demands of the operator in Norway.^[56]^[57]

Spain

multiple unit AnsaldoBreda series S7000 operates mainly on the Line 10 (Madrid Metro) Madrid Metro. The Madrid Metro operates a fleet of 37 trains.^[58]^[59]
multiple unit AnsaldoBreda series S9000 for the Line 7 (Madrid Metro) Madrid Metro. The Madrid Metro operates a fleet of 53 trains.^[60]

Sweden

Sirio trams for Gothenburg tram network of Gothenburg.^[25]^[61]^[62]

Turkey

Sirio for Samsun Tram.

United Kingdom

Midland Metro formerly operated a fleet of 16 two carriage T69 trams in Birmingham.^[63] The fleet was completely replaced after 14 years of service by CAF Urbos 3 trams in 2015.^[64]
Manchester Metrolink commenced operations in 1992 using a passenger fleet of 26 T-68 trams, with a further 6 (slightly modified) versions supplied by 2000. The entire fleet was gradually replaced by 2013.
Great Western Railway ordered 36 train sets of British Rail Class 802 which were produced in HRI's Pistoia facility.

United States

multiple unit Breda CQ312 class for the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority. The Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority operates a fleet of 100 cars, car numbers 601–702, built by Breda, 2001–2005.^[65]
multiple unit AnsaldoBreda Type 8 LRV for the MBTA's Green Line in Boston. The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority operates a fleet of 95 LRV cars,^[66] alongside the MBTA's existing Kinki Sharyo type 7 cars. The Breda cars have been very difficult to maintain and are expected to be outlasted by their predecessors (built by Kinki Sharyo)
multiple unit AnsaldoBreda LRV for the Blue and Green lines of Cleveland. The RTA Rapid Transit operates a fleet of 48 LRV cars.^[67]
multiple unit AnsaldoBreda P2550^[68] for the Los Angeles Metro A Line. The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority operates a fleet of 50 LRV cars.
multiple unit AnsaldoBreda A650 Breda A650. The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority operates a fleet of 72 vehicles on the B Line and D Line.
multiple unit AnsaldoBreda LRV2 and AnsaldoBreda LRV3 for the Muni Metro of San Francisco Municipal Railway.^[69] The Muni Metro operates a fleet of 151 LRV cars.^[69]^[70]
multiple units for the Washington Metro. The Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority operates:
- 1000-Series—300 units originally built by Rohr, Inc., 290 units were refurbished by Breda; retired in 2017
- 2000-Series—76 units built
- 3000-Series—290 units built
- 4000-Series—100 units built; retired in 2017^[71]
- 8000-Series-256 units currently on order, delivery starting in 2024^[72]^[73]
136 cars for Metrorail (Miami-Dade County) - assembled in Medley by HRI subsidiary Hitachi Rail USA
78 cars for Baltimore Metro SubwayLink^[74]-Also assembled in Miami by Hitachi Rail USA
80 cars for Skyline in Honolulu, Hawaii

References

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External links

Media related to Hitachi Rail Italy at Wikimedia Commons

Official website (in Italian)

[1] "Hitachi Rail USA opens Miami manufacturing facility | Hitachi in the U.S.A." www.hitachi.us. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.

[2] "Hitachi agrees to buy Ansaldo STS and AnsaldoBreda". Railway Gazette. 24 February 2015. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 25 February 2015.

[soldtoHitachi-3] "Hitachi completes Ansaldo deal". Railway Gazette. November 2, 2015. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved December 9, 2016.

[Palazzo_Ducale_Genova-4] "Cavour e la fondazione dell'Ansaldo - Lezioni di Storia - parte 3, Valerio Castronovo". YouTube. November 29, 2010. Archived from the original on 2021-12-12.

[5] Castronovo, Valerio (2012). Storia dell'Iri. 1.Dalle origini al dopoguerra;1933-1948. Bari: Laterza. ISBN 9788858103616.

[Treccani.it-6] "BREDA, Ernesto in "Dizionario Biografico"". Archived from the original on 2017-02-16. Retrieved 2016-11-07.

[7] "Forse nel tentativo di raggiungere il primato mondiale di velocità ferroviaria, che appena il mese prima un treno Diesel tedesco in prova aveva portato a 215 km/h, si pensò a una nuova corsa con un ETR.200. L'ingegner Mario Martinelli delle FS ricorda che 'poiché sembrava che la corsa dovesse essere ripetuta, fu prescelto l'ETR.214 per questo secondo exploit... poi l'idea della seconda corsa fu abbandonata: la guerra si avvicinava." Cf Cornolò, Una leggenda op. cit., p. 34.

[autogenerato1-8] Maurizio Panconesi, La direttissima degli Appennini. La linea Bologna-Prato e le sue ferrovie di servizio, Cortona, Calosci, 2002, ISBN 88-7785-179-1, pp. 121-125.

[company-9] Company Archived 2010-08-14 at the Wayback Machine. AnsaldoBreda. Retrieved on 2009-07-17.

[10] Energy Transportation Archived 2009-04-04 at the Wayback Machine. Finmeccanica. Retrieved on 2009-07-17.

[11] "Finnmeccanica: Orsi, cessione dei settori no core. L'azienda non ha risorse per sviluppo nei trasporti". Ferpress. 2 August 2012. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 10 April 2021.

[nbc_2018-12] Tuss, Adam (February 13, 2018). "Say Goodbye: Metro Retires Its Most Unreliable Trains". NBC4 Washington. Archived from the original on February 17, 2018. Retrieved February 16, 2018.

[13] "Havarikommissionen: Ingen aner, hvorfor IC4-bremserne svigter". ing.dk (in Danish). 19 June 2014. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 10 October 2014.

[14] "IC4-passengers evacuated due to smoke". ing.dk. 24 June 2014. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 10 October 2014.

[15] "Researcher after new computer problem in IC4: This train is unfit for service". ing.dk. 5 May 2014. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 10 October 2014.

[16] "IC4-report: Engines also affected by considerable failure". ing.dk. Archived from the original on 9 August 2017. Retrieved 9 August 2017.

[auto-17] Barrow, Keith. "Denmark to launch tender for electric train fleet". Archived from the original on 2018-02-02. Retrieved 2018-02-01.

[18] "Some Danish trains falling to pieces on the track". cphpost.dk (in Danish). The Copenhagen Post - Danish News in English. Archived from the original on 2018-02-01. Retrieved 2018-02-01.

[19] "problematic start for fyra". HLN. 2013-01-09. Archived from the original on 2013-02-05. Retrieved 2013-01-18.

[20] "NMBS ontbindt contract met constructeur Fyra". De Standaard. 2013-05-31. Archived from the original on 2013-06-07. Retrieved 2013-05-31.

[21] "Göteborgs nya spårvagnar ett fiasko". Archived from the original on 2016-01-31. Retrieved 2016-01-25.

[22] "Göteborg exercises tram option". Archived from the original on 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2016-01-25.

[23] "40 vagnar tas ur trafik på grund av rost". Archived from the original on 2013-02-16. Retrieved 2013-02-12.

[24] "Rostiga spårvagnar tar tre år att laga". Göteborgsposten. 3 September 2014. Archived from the original on 30 January 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2014.

[gp_2nov2015-25] "Göteborgs stad häver avtal med Ansaldobreda". Göteborgsposten. 2 Nov 2015. Archived from the original on 5 November 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2015.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Multinational rolling stock manufacturer}}
-{{Merge|Hitachi Rail STS|date=November 2022}}
 {{Infobox company
-| name             = Hitachi Rail Italy
+| name = Hitachi Rail Italy
-| former_name      = AnsaldoBreda (2001–2015)
+| former_name = AnsaldoBreda (2001–2015)
-| logo             = HitachiRailItaly.svg
+| logo = HitachiRailItaly.svg
+| logo_size = 250
-| type             = [[Società per Azioni]] (S.p.A.)
+| type = [[Società per Azioni]] (S.p.A.)
-| genre            =
-| fate             =
+| genre =
+| fate =
-| predecessor      = [[Gio. Ansaldo & C.]] and [[Società Italiana Ernesto Breda]]
+| predecessor = [[Gio. Ansaldo & C.]] and [[Società Italiana Ernesto Breda]]
-| successor        =
+| successor = [[Hitachi Rail STS]]
-| foundation       = 2001
+| foundation = 2001
-| founder          =
-| defunct          =
+| founder =
+| defunct =
-| location_city    = [[Pistoia]]
+| location_city = [[Pistoia]]
 | location_country = [[Italy]]
-| location         =
+| location =
-| locations        =
+| locations =
-| area_served      = Worldwide
+| area_served = Worldwide
-| key_people       = Maurizio Manfellotto ([[President (corporate title)|President]] & [[Chief Executive Officer|CEO]])
+| key_people = Maurizio Manfellotto ([[President (corporate title)|President]] & [[Chief Executive Officer|CEO]])
-| industry         = [[Engineering]]
+| industry = [[Engineering]]
-| products         = [[Rail transport]] vehicles
+| products = [[Rail transport]] vehicles
-| production       =
+| production =
-| services         = [[Maintenance, repair and operations|Maintenance]]
+| services = [[Maintenance, repair and operations|Maintenance]]
-| revenue          =
+| revenue =
 | operating_income =
-| net_income       =
+| net_income =
+| aum =
-| aum              =
+| assets =
-| assets           =
+| equity =
-| equity           =
+| owner =
+| num_employees = 2,400
-| owner            =
+| parent = [[Hitachi Rail]] (2015–2021)<br />[[Finmeccanica]] (2001–2015)
-| num_employees    = 2,400
+| divisions =
-| parent           = [[Hitachi Rail]] (2015–present)<br />[[Finmeccanica]] (2001–2015)
+| subsid = Hitachi Rail USA<ref>{{cite web |title=Hitachi Rail USA opens Miami manufacturing facility {{!}} Hitachi in the U.S.A. |url=http://www.hitachi.us/press/03162016-rail |website=www.hitachi.us |access-date=20 February 2019 |archive-date=20 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220181703/http://www.hitachi.us/press/03162016-rail |url-status=live }}</ref>
-| divisions        =
+| homepage = {{URL|hitachirail.com}}
-| subsid           = Hitachi Rail USA<ref>{{cite web |title=Hitachi Rail USA opens Miami manufacturing facility {{!}} Hitachi in the U.S.A. |url=http://www.hitachi.us/press/03162016-rail |website=www.hitachi.us |access-date=20 February 2019}}</ref>
+| footnotes =
-| homepage         = {{URL|hitachirail.com}}
-| footnotes        =
 }}
-''' Hitachi Rail Italy S.p.A.''' is a multinational rolling stock manufacturer  company based in [[Pistoia]], [[Italy]]. Formerly '''AnsaldoBreda S.p.A.''', a subsidiary of state-owned [[Finmeccanica]], the company was sold in 2015 to [[Hitachi#Hitachi Rail|Hitachi Rail]] of [[Japan]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hitachi agrees to buy Ansaldo STS and AnsaldoBreda|url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-agrees-to-buy-ansaldo-sts-and-ansaldobreda.html|access-date=25 February 2015|work=Railway Gazette|date=24 February 2015}}</ref> After the deal was finalized, the current name was adapted in November 2015 to reflect the new ownership.<ref name=soldtoHitachi>{{cite web| url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-completes-ansaldo-deal.html| title=Hitachi completes Ansaldo deal| website=Railway Gazette| date=November 2, 2015| access-date=December 9, 2016}}</ref>
+''' Hitachi Rail Italy S.p.A.''' was a multinational rolling stock manufacturer  company based in [[Pistoia]], [[Italy]]. Formerly '''AnsaldoBreda S.p.A.''', a subsidiary of state-owned [[Finmeccanica]], the company was sold in 2015 to [[Hitachi#Hitachi Rail|Hitachi Rail]] of [[Japan]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hitachi agrees to buy Ansaldo STS and AnsaldoBreda|url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-agrees-to-buy-ansaldo-sts-and-ansaldobreda.html|access-date=25 February 2015|work=Railway Gazette|date=24 February 2015|archive-date=1 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101165012/https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-agrees-to-buy-ansaldo-sts-and-ansaldobreda.html|url-status=live}}</ref> After the deal was finalized, the current name was adapted in November 2015 to reflect the new ownership.<ref name=soldtoHitachi>{{cite web| url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-completes-ansaldo-deal.html| title=Hitachi completes Ansaldo deal| website=Railway Gazette| date=November 2, 2015| access-date=December 9, 2016| archive-date=May 9, 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509141039/https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-completes-ansaldo-deal.html| url-status=live}}</ref>
 ==History==
 ===Early history: Ansaldo and Breda===
 [[File:Giovanni_Ansaldo_.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Giovanni Ansaldo founded the company in 1853.]]
@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
 In 1853, the company ''[[Gio. Ansaldo & C.]]'' was registered in [[Genoa]] as a manufacturer of steam locomotives, rail rolling stock and steam engines.
 The company was backed by [[Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour]], the powerful finance minister of [[Piedmont-Sardinia]], who aimed to reduce its dependence on imported trains and rolling stock.<ref name="Palazzo Ducale Genova">{{cite web| url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCd1qkP3_00=related |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/hCd1qkP3_00| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live| title=Cavour e la fondazione dell'Ansaldo - Lezioni di Storia - parte 3, Valerio Castronovo| work=YouTube| date=November 29, 2010}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
-Ansaldo entered the age of the steam locomotive in 1854 with its model FS113, also known as ''Sampierdarena''. During the [[First world war]], Ansaldo became a large supplier of weapons to the Italian army; facing insurmountable difficulties with post-war reconversion to civilian industry, the company was eventually nationalised in 1921.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Castronovo |first1=Valerio |title=Storia dell'Iri. 1.Dalle origini al dopoguerra;1933-1948 |date=2012 |publisher=Laterza|location=Bari |isbn=9788858103616}}</ref> During the rest of the 1900s, the company diversified in different fields, especially power generation ([[Ansaldo Energia]]) and nuclear research, while the rolling stock activities were reunited under Ansaldo Trasporti.
+Ansaldo entered the age of the steam locomotive in 1854 with its model FS113, also known as ''Sampierdarena''. During the [[First World War]], Ansaldo became a large supplier of weapons to the Italian army; facing insurmountable difficulties with post-war reconversion to civilian industry, the company was eventually nationalised in 1921.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Castronovo |first1=Valerio |title=Storia dell'Iri. 1.Dalle origini al dopoguerra;1933-1948 |date=2012 |publisher=Laterza|location=Bari |isbn=9788858103616}}</ref> During the rest of the 1900s, the company diversified in different fields, especially power generation ([[Ansaldo Energia]]) and nuclear research, while the rolling stock activities were reunited under Ansaldo Trasporti.
 ====Breda====
 [[File:Milano mus Scienza Tecnologia locomotiva S685.JPG|thumb|right|Breda thousandth locomotive, the FS 685.600, at the [[Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci|Leonardo da Vinci Museum in Milan]].]]
-In 1886, Ernesto Breda founded in Milan ''[[Società Italiana Ernesto Breda]]''.<ref name= Treccani.it>{{cite web|url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ernesto-breda_(Dizionario-Biografico)/|title=BREDA, Ernesto in "Dizionario Biografico"}}</ref>
+In 1886, Ernesto Breda founded in Milan ''[[Società Italiana Ernesto Breda]]''.<ref name= Treccani.it>{{cite web|url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ernesto-breda_(Dizionario-Biografico)/|title=BREDA, Ernesto in "Dizionario Biografico"|access-date=2016-11-07|archive-date=2017-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216103241/http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ernesto-breda_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 By 1908, Breda's thousandth locomotive was built.<ref name= Treccani.it/> Breda entered the electric locomotive era in 1936 with the production of the [[FS Class ETR 200]] series [[electric multiple unit]]. In 1939 this type set the [[land speed record for rail vehicles]]<ref>"Forse nel tentativo di raggiungere il primato mondiale di velocità ferroviaria, che appena il mese prima un treno Diesel tedesco in prova aveva portato a 215 km/h, si pensò a una nuova corsa con un ETR.200. L'ingegner [[Mario Martinelli]] delle FS ricorda che 'poiché sembrava che la corsa dovesse essere ripetuta, fu prescelto l'ETR.214 per questo secondo ''exploit''... poi l'idea della seconda corsa fu abbandonata: la guerra si avvicinava." Cf Cornolò, ''Una leggenda'' ''op. cit.'', p. 34.</ref> at {{convert|203|km/h|abbr=on}}.<ref name=autogenerato1>Maurizio Panconesi, ''La direttissima degli Appennini. La linea Bologna-Prato e le sue ferrovie di servizio'', Cortona, Calosci, 2002, {{ISBN|88-7785-179-1}}, pp. 121-125.</ref>
 Similarly to Ansaldo, also Breda became a main weapon supplier to the Fascist regime, especially of artillery and airplanes. After the [[Second World War]] the company was facing bankruptcy, and was eventually nationalised in 1947. During the Italian economic miracle of the 1950-60s, Breda produced a highly successful commuter train, the [[FS Class ETR 300]], several classes of [[railcars]] and [[locomotives]], and diversified into defense ([[OTO Melara]]) and, especially, [[BredaMenarinibus|buses]]. In the 1980s Breda participated in the consortium that designed the first Italian high-speed train, the [[FS Class ETR 500]].
@@ Line 58: / Line 58: @@
 [[File:AnsaldoBreda logo.svg|thumb|AnsaldoBreda logo, 2001–2015.]]
-In a massive restructuring effort, in 2001 the Italian state merged all the rolling stock activities of the then loss-making Ansaldo and Breda in a new company, ''AnsaldoBreda'',<ref name="company">[http://www.ansaldobreda.it/azienda.aspx Company]. AnsaldoBreda. Retrieved on 2009-07-17.</ref> that in turn became part of the [[Finmeccanica]] state-owned group.<ref>[http://www.finmeccanica.it/Holding/EN/Business/Energia_Trasporti/Presentazione/index.sdo Energy Transportation] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090404211925/http://www.finmeccanica.it/Holding/EN/Business/Energia_Trasporti/Presentazione/index.sdo |date=2009-04-04 }}. [[Finmeccanica]]. Retrieved on 2009-07-17.</ref> The new company won a string of big contracts across Europe and the United States; however, lacking adequate funding and capacity,<ref>{{cite news |title=Finnmeccanica: Orsi, cessione dei settori no core. L'azienda non ha risorse per sviluppo nei trasporti |url=https://www.ferpress.it/finnmeccanica-orsi-cessione-dei-settori-no-core-mancano-risorse-per-sviluppo-nei-trasporti/ |access-date=10 April 2021 |agency=Ferpress |date=2 August 2012}}</ref> AnsaldoBreda became infamous for its unreliable products and long delays, irreparably damaging the reputation of the company.
+In a massive restructuring effort, in 2001 the Italian state merged all the rolling stock activities of the then loss-making Ansaldo and Breda in a new company, ''AnsaldoBreda'',<ref name="company">[http://www.ansaldobreda.it/azienda.aspx Company] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100814150006/http://www.ansaldobreda.it/azienda.aspx |date=2010-08-14 }}. AnsaldoBreda. Retrieved on 2009-07-17.</ref> that in turn became part of the [[Finmeccanica]] state-owned group.<ref>[http://www.finmeccanica.it/Holding/EN/Business/Energia_Trasporti/Presentazione/index.sdo Energy Transportation] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090404211925/http://www.finmeccanica.it/Holding/EN/Business/Energia_Trasporti/Presentazione/index.sdo |date=2009-04-04 }}. [[Finmeccanica]]. Retrieved on 2009-07-17.</ref> The new company won a string of big contracts across Europe and the United States; however, lacking adequate funding and capacity,<ref>{{cite news |title=Finnmeccanica: Orsi, cessione dei settori no core. L'azienda non ha risorse per sviluppo nei trasporti |url=https://www.ferpress.it/finnmeccanica-orsi-cessione-dei-settori-no-core-mancano-risorse-per-sviluppo-nei-trasporti/ |access-date=10 April 2021 |agency=Ferpress |date=2 August 2012 |archive-date=10 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410090926/https://www.ferpress.it/finnmeccanica-orsi-cessione-dei-settori-no-core-mancano-risorse-per-sviluppo-nei-trasporti/ |url-status=live }}</ref> AnsaldoBreda became infamous for its unreliable products and long delays, damaging the reputation of the company.
 ====Controversies during the 2000s====
-In 1991, 100 [[Washington Metro rolling stock|4000 Series railcars]] from AnsaldoBreda were delivered to the [[Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority]]. On 4 July 2010, after several incidents where the doors would open while the train was in motion, Metro removed the fleet for repairs until 20 July that year. On 17 November 2016 Metro discovered an error in which a 4000-series car would display an incorrect speed limit to a train operator while in manual mode (which is the only mode used since the [[June 2009 Washington Metro train collision]]). On 7 June 2017 Metro announced that the 4000-series cars would be fully retired and removed from service on 1 July 2017, and by that date all cars were taken out of service.<ref name="nbc 2018">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/Out-With-the-Old_-Metro-Retires-4000-Series-Rail-Cars_Washington-DC-473936643.html |title=Say Goodbye: Metro Retires Its Most Unreliable Trains |last=Tuss |first=Adam |date=February 13, 2018 |work=NBC4 Washington |access-date=February 16, 2018}}</ref>
+In 1991, 100 [[Washington Metro rolling stock|4000 Series railcars]] from AnsaldoBreda were delivered to the [[Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority]]. On 4 July 2010, after several incidents where the doors would open while the train was in motion, Metro removed the fleet for repairs until 20 July that year. On 17 November 2016 Metro discovered an error in which a 4000-series car would display an incorrect speed limit to a train operator while in manual mode (which is the only mode used since the [[June 2009 Washington Metro train collision]]). On 7 June 2017 Metro announced that the 4000-series cars would be fully retired and removed from service on 1 July 2017, and by that date all cars were taken out of service.<ref name="nbc 2018">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/Out-With-the-Old_-Metro-Retires-4000-Series-Rail-Cars_Washington-DC-473936643.html |title=Say Goodbye: Metro Retires Its Most Unreliable Trains |last=Tuss |first=Adam |date=February 13, 2018 |work=NBC4 Washington |access-date=February 16, 2018 |archive-date=February 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217082702/https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/Out-With-the-Old_-Metro-Retires-4000-Series-Rail-Cars_Washington-DC-473936643.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
-Delivery of 83 [[IC4]] AnsaldoBreda trainsets for the [[Danish State Railways]] [[DSB (railway company)|DSB]] was originally planned for 2003-2006.
+Delivery of 83 [[IC4]] AnsaldoBreda trainsets for the [[Danish State Railways]] [[DSB (railway company)|DSB]] was originally planned for 2003–2006.
-However, the last train was delivered only in 2013 and IC4 trains have seen many technical problems during their service.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ing.dk/artikel/havarikommissionen-ingen-aner-hvorfor-ic4-bremserne-svigter-169176 |title=Havarikommissionen: Ingen aner, hvorfor IC4-bremserne svigter |language=da |website=ing.dk |date=19 June 2014 |access-date=10 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=IC4-passengers evacuated due to smoke|url=http://ing.dk/artikel/ic4-passagerer-evakueret-paa-grund-af-roeg-169248|website=ing.dk|date=24 June 2014|access-date=10 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Researcher after new computer problem in IC4: This train is unfit for service|url=http://ing.dk/artikel/forsker-efter-nyt-computerkoks-i-ic4-det-tog-er-uegnet-til-drift-168111|website=ing.dk|date=5 May 2014|access-date=10 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=IC4-report: Engines also affected by considerable failure|url=https://ing.dk/artikel/ic4-rapport-ogsaa-motorerne-er-ramt-af-omfattende-fejl-172871|website=ing.dk|access-date=9 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809184531/https://ing.dk/artikel/ic4-rapport-ogsaa-motorerne-er-ramt-af-omfattende-fejl-172871|archive-date=9 August 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> DSB announced in 2016 that the trains would be withdrawn from service from 2024.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/rolling-stock/denmark-to-launch-tender-for-electric-train-fleet.html?channel=000|title=Denmark to launch tender for electric train fleet|last=Barrow|first=Keith|access-date=2018-02-01|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cphpost.dk/news/some-danish-trains-falling-to-pieces-on-the-tracks.html|title=Some Danish trains falling to pieces on the track|website=cphpost.dk|publisher=The Copenhagen Post - Danish News in English|language=da|access-date=2018-02-01}}</ref>
+However, the last train was delivered only in 2013 and IC4 trains have seen many technical problems during their service.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ing.dk/artikel/havarikommissionen-ingen-aner-hvorfor-ic4-bremserne-svigter-169176 |title=Havarikommissionen: Ingen aner, hvorfor IC4-bremserne svigter |language=da |website=ing.dk |date=19 June 2014 |access-date=10 October 2014 |archive-date=19 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019231719/http://ing.dk/artikel/havarikommissionen-ingen-aner-hvorfor-ic4-bremserne-svigter-169176 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=IC4-passengers evacuated due to smoke|url=http://ing.dk/artikel/ic4-passagerer-evakueret-paa-grund-af-roeg-169248|website=ing.dk|date=24 June 2014|access-date=10 October 2014|archive-date=19 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019231515/http://ing.dk/artikel/ic4-passagerer-evakueret-paa-grund-af-roeg-169248|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Researcher after new computer problem in IC4: This train is unfit for service|url=http://ing.dk/artikel/forsker-efter-nyt-computerkoks-i-ic4-det-tog-er-uegnet-til-drift-168111|website=ing.dk|date=5 May 2014|access-date=10 October 2014|archive-date=19 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019232315/http://ing.dk/artikel/forsker-efter-nyt-computerkoks-i-ic4-det-tog-er-uegnet-til-drift-168111|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=IC4-report: Engines also affected by considerable failure|url=https://ing.dk/artikel/ic4-rapport-ogsaa-motorerne-er-ramt-af-omfattende-fejl-172871|website=ing.dk|access-date=9 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809184531/https://ing.dk/artikel/ic4-rapport-ogsaa-motorerne-er-ramt-af-omfattende-fejl-172871|archive-date=9 August 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> DSB announced in 2016 that the trains would be withdrawn from service from 2024.<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/rolling-stock/denmark-to-launch-tender-for-electric-train-fleet.html?channel=000|title=Denmark to launch tender for electric train fleet|last=Barrow|first=Keith|access-date=2018-02-01|language=en-gb|archive-date=2018-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202012555/http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/rolling-stock/denmark-to-launch-tender-for-electric-train-fleet.html?channel=000|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cphpost.dk/news/some-danish-trains-falling-to-pieces-on-the-tracks.html|title=Some Danish trains falling to pieces on the track|website=cphpost.dk|publisher=The Copenhagen Post - Danish News in English|language=da|access-date=2018-02-01|archive-date=2018-02-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201132500/http://cphpost.dk/news/some-danish-trains-falling-to-pieces-on-the-tracks.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-After winning a big contract for the Dutch Belgium [[Fyra]] project in 2004, nine [[V250 (train)|V250]] train units were delivered to the Dutch partner [[Nederlandse Spoorwegen|NS]] over five years later than originally contracted. Soon after the trains went into service om the highspeed line between the [[Netherlands]] and [[Belgium]], the V250 suffered a number of severe technical problems. The Fyra had a poor reputation for reliability. After a month of operations more than 5% of all trains were cancelled and less than 45% of them ran on schedule.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.hln.be/hln/nl/1901/reisnieuws/article/detail/1559591/2013/01/09/Fyra-maakt-rampzalige-start-helft-niet-op-tijd-en-5-6-procent-komt-zelfs-nooit-aan.dhtml | title=problematic start for fyra | publisher=[[Het Laatste Nieuws|HLN]] | date=2013-01-09}}</ref> On 31 May 2013, the Belgium partner NMBS/SNCB announced that they would exit the Fyra project and cancel the contract with [[AnsaldoBreda]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.standaard.be/cnt/DMF20130531_00605520 | title=NMBS ontbindt contract met constructeur Fyra | publisher=[[De Standaard]] | date=2013-05-31}}</ref>
+After winning a big contract for the Dutch-Belgium [[Fyra]] project in 2004, nine [[V250 (train)|V250]] train units were delivered to the Dutch partner [[Nederlandse Spoorwegen|NS]] over five years later than originally contracted. Soon after the trains went into service on the high-speed line between the [[Netherlands]] and [[Belgium]], the V250 suffered a number of severe technical problems. The Fyra had a poor reputation for reliability. After a month of operations more than 5% of all trains were cancelled and less than 45% of them ran on schedule.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.hln.be/hln/nl/1901/reisnieuws/article/detail/1559591/2013/01/09/Fyra-maakt-rampzalige-start-helft-niet-op-tijd-en-5-6-procent-komt-zelfs-nooit-aan.dhtml | title=problematic start for fyra | publisher=[[Het Laatste Nieuws|HLN]] | date=2013-01-09 | access-date=2013-01-18 | archive-date=2013-02-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205195014/http://www.hln.be/hln/nl/1901/reisnieuws/article/detail/1559591/2013/01/09/Fyra-maakt-rampzalige-start-helft-niet-op-tijd-en-5-6-procent-komt-zelfs-nooit-aan.dhtml | url-status=live }}</ref> On 31 May 2013, the Belgium partner NMBS/SNCB announced that they would exit the Fyra project and cancel the contract with [[AnsaldoBreda]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.standaard.be/cnt/DMF20130531_00605520 | title=NMBS ontbindt contract met constructeur Fyra | publisher=[[De Standaard]] | date=2013-05-31 | access-date=2013-05-31 | archive-date=2013-06-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607222532/http://www.standaard.be/cnt/DMF20130531_00605520 | url-status=live }}</ref>
-The City of [[Gothenburg]] in [[Sweden]] has ordered 40 one-directional Sirio trams which were to be put into service on the [[Gothenburg tram network]] during 2005 and onwards.  The trams were delivered late and functioned poorly when put into traffic. Among reported problems were corrosion, excessive track damage caused by the trams, malfunctioning air conditioners inside the trams and poor ride quality. The City of Gothenburg therefore withheld a large part of the payment for a delivered tram until fully operational.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nyteknik.se/nyheter/fordon_motor/jarnvag/article44291.ece |title=Göteborgs nya spårvagnar ett fiasko |access-date=2016-01-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131110937/http://www.nyteknik.se/nyheter/fordon_motor/jarnvag/article44291.ece |archive-date=2016-01-31 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view//goeteborg-exercises-tram-option.html |title=Göteborg exercises tram option |access-date=2016-01-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306081735/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/goeteborg-exercises-tram-option.html |archive-date=2016-03-06 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.1301846-40-vagnar-tas-ur-trafik-pa-grund-av-rost|title=40 vagnar tas ur trafik på grund av rost|access-date=2013-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216191714/http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.1301846-40-vagnar-tas-ur-trafik-pa-grund-av-rost|archive-date=2013-02-16|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Rostiga spårvagnar tar tre år att laga|url=http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.2478466-rostiga-sparvagnar-tar-tre-ar-att-laga|access-date=3 September 2014|publisher=[[Göteborgsposten]]|date=3 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=gp_2nov2015/>
+The City of [[Gothenburg]] in [[Sweden]] has ordered 40 one-directional Sirio trams which were to be put into service on the [[Gothenburg tram network]] during 2005 and onwards.  The trams were delivered late and functioned poorly when put into traffic. Among reported problems were corrosion, excessive track damage caused by the trams, malfunctioning air conditioners inside the trams and poor ride quality. The City of Gothenburg therefore withheld a large part of the payment for a delivered tram until fully operational.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nyteknik.se/nyheter/fordon_motor/jarnvag/article44291.ece |title=Göteborgs nya spårvagnar ett fiasko |access-date=2016-01-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131110937/http://www.nyteknik.se/nyheter/fordon_motor/jarnvag/article44291.ece |archive-date=2016-01-31 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view//goeteborg-exercises-tram-option.html |title=Göteborg exercises tram option |access-date=2016-01-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306081735/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/goeteborg-exercises-tram-option.html |archive-date=2016-03-06 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.1301846-40-vagnar-tas-ur-trafik-pa-grund-av-rost|title=40 vagnar tas ur trafik på grund av rost|access-date=2013-02-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130216191714/http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.1301846-40-vagnar-tas-ur-trafik-pa-grund-av-rost|archive-date=2013-02-16|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Rostiga spårvagnar tar tre år att laga|url=http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.2478466-rostiga-sparvagnar-tar-tre-ar-att-laga|access-date=3 September 2014|publisher=[[Göteborgsposten]]|date=3 September 2014|archive-date=30 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130113541/http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.2478466-rostiga-sparvagnar-tar-tre-ar-att-laga|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=gp_2nov2015/>
-The 32 two-directional trams delivered for the [[Oslo Tramway]] from 1999, called [[SL95]], have met several difficulties with rust during snowy weather and the heavy weight necessitates much maintenance to streets and tracks, which make the trams expensive to operate.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nrk.no/ostlandssendingen/alle-italia-trikkene-har-rustskader-1.11014566|title=Alle Italia-trikkene har rustskader|last=NRK|work=NRK|access-date=2018-01-07|language=nb-NO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.aftenposten.no/osloby/i/eXoy/Blir-dette-den-nye-Oslo-trikken|title=Blir dette den nye Oslo-trikken?|work=Aftenposten|access-date=2018-01-07|language=nb-NO}}</ref> They are also considered to create more noise than necessary. The replacement of the trams will start in 2020 and the last trams will be taken out of service in 2024.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nrk.no/ostlandssendingen/vil-bytte-ut-alt-1.11011649|title=Vil bytte ut alt|last=NRK|work=NRK|access-date=2018-01-07|language=nb-NO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fremtidensbyreise.no/trikkeprogrammet/prosjekter/prosjekt/3087561/anskaffelse-nye-trikker|title=Fremtidens byreise|last=Acando|website=www.fremtidensbyreise.no|language=no|access-date=2018-01-07}}</ref>
+The 32 two-directional trams delivered for the [[Oslo Tramway]] from 1999, called [[SL95]], have met several difficulties with rust during snowy weather and the heavy weight necessitates much maintenance to streets and tracks, which make the trams expensive to operate.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nrk.no/ostlandssendingen/alle-italia-trikkene-har-rustskader-1.11014566|title=Alle Italia-trikkene har rustskader|last=NRK|work=NRK|access-date=2018-01-07|language=nb-NO|archive-date=2023-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323162047/https://www.nrk.no/osloogviken/alle-italia-trikkene-har-rustskader-1.11014566|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.aftenposten.no/osloby/i/eXoy/Blir-dette-den-nye-Oslo-trikken|title=Blir dette den nye Oslo-trikken?|work=Aftenposten|access-date=2018-01-07|language=nb-NO|archive-date=2018-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108062432/https://www.aftenposten.no/osloby/i/eXoy/Blir-dette-den-nye-Oslo-trikken|url-status=live}}</ref> They are also considered to create more noise than necessary. The replacement of the trams will start in 2020 and the last trams will be taken out of service in 2024.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nrk.no/ostlandssendingen/vil-bytte-ut-alt-1.11011649|title=Vil bytte ut alt|last=NRK|work=NRK|access-date=2018-01-07|language=nb-NO|archive-date=2013-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606033514/http://www.nrk.no/ostlandssendingen/vil-bytte-ut-alt-1.11011649|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fremtidensbyreise.no/trikkeprogrammet/prosjekter/prosjekt/3087561/anskaffelse-nye-trikker|title=Fremtidens byreise|last=Acando|website=www.fremtidensbyreise.no|language=no|access-date=2018-01-07|archive-date=2018-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108062535/https://www.fremtidensbyreise.no/trikkeprogrammet/prosjekter/prosjekt/3087561/anskaffelse-nye-trikker|url-status=live}}</ref>
-After 7 years on a 4 year project the region of Stockholm decided to cancel the contract on new signal system for the red metro line in Stockholm with Ansaldo on 1 billion SEK. The prepayment of hundreds of million SEK is currently up in arbitration court.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dn.se/ekonomi/region-stockholms-skattebetalare-riskerar-miljardforlust/|title = Region Stockholms skattebetalare riskerar miljardförlust|newspaper = Dagens Nyheter|date = 13 September 2021}}</ref>
+After 7 years on a 4-year project the region of Stockholm decided to cancel the contract on new signal system for the red metro line in Stockholm with Ansaldo on 1 billion SEK. The prepayment of hundreds of million SEK is currently up in arbitration court.<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.dn.se/ekonomi/region-stockholms-skattebetalare-riskerar-miljardforlust/|title = Region Stockholms skattebetalare riskerar miljardförlust|newspaper = Dagens Nyheter|date = 13 September 2021|access-date = 13 September 2021|archive-date = 13 September 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210913112743/https://www.dn.se/ekonomi/region-stockholms-skattebetalare-riskerar-miljardforlust/|url-status = live}}</ref>
 ====The Italian high-speed trains program====
 [[File:Frecciarossa 1000.tif|thumb|A Frecciarossa 1000.]]
-In spite of its overall terminal crisis, AnsaldoBreda managed to successfully participate in the Italian high-speed trains program until the very end of its existence. The [[ETR 500]], that entered service in 1993, was continuously upgraded and run at a record speed of {{convert|362|km/h|abbr=on}} in the Monte Bibele tunnel between [[Florence]] and [[Bologna]] in 2009, setting a [[Land speed record for rail vehicles|speed record for trains in a tunnel]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fsnews.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=a816ab482714f110VgnVCM1000003f16f90aRCRD |title=Raggiunto in galleria il record mondiale di velocità di 362 km/h  |date=February 2009 |publisher=fsnews.it |language=it |access-date=2013-04-12}}</ref> A new generation high-speed train, the [[Frecciarossa 1000]], was developed in a consortium with [[Bombardier Transportation]] and entered service in 2015.<ref>[http://www.fsnews.it/cms-file/allegati/fsnews/FRECCIAROSSA1000CIFRE.pdf Frecciarossa 1000 in cifre] (25-09-2012).</ref><ref name="fsnews2">{{cite web|url=http://www.fsnews.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=587b11f345d8d310VgnVCM1000008916f90aRCRD|title=Il primo Frecciarossa 1000 sarà dedicato a Pietro Mennea - Notizie - FSNews}}</ref> On 26 February 2016, a Frecciarossa 1000 reportedly attained a peak speed of {{cvt|393.8|km/h}} while traversing the Torino-Milano high speed line.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ferrovie.it/portale/articoli/1855|title=Il Frecciarossa 1000 è ancora da record|date=2016-02-26|website=Ferrovie.it|access-date=2019-06-01}}</ref>
+In spite of its overall terminal crisis, AnsaldoBreda managed to successfully participate in the Italian high-speed trains program until the very end of its existence. The [[ETR 500]], that entered service in 1993, was continuously upgraded and ran at a record speed of {{convert|362|km/h|abbr=on}} in the Monte Bibele tunnel between [[Florence]] and [[Bologna]] in 2009, setting a [[Land speed record for rail vehicles|speed record for trains in a tunnel]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fsnews.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=a816ab482714f110VgnVCM1000003f16f90aRCRD |title=Raggiunto in galleria il record mondiale di velocità di 362 km/h |date=February 2009 |publisher=fsnews.it |language=it |access-date=2013-04-12 |archive-date=2013-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130514160319/http://www.fsnews.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=a816ab482714f110VgnVCM1000003f16f90aRCRD |url-status=live }}</ref> A new generation high-speed train, the [[Frecciarossa 1000]], was developed in a consortium with [[Bombardier Transportation]] and entered service in 2015.<ref>[http://www.fsnews.it/cms-file/allegati/fsnews/FRECCIAROSSA1000CIFRE.pdf Frecciarossa 1000 in cifre] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130418002344/http://www.fsnews.it/cms-file/allegati/fsnews/FRECCIAROSSA1000CIFRE.pdf |date=2013-04-18 }} (25-09-2012).</ref><ref name="fsnews2">{{cite web|url=http://www.fsnews.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=587b11f345d8d310VgnVCM1000008916f90aRCRD|title=Il primo Frecciarossa 1000 sarà dedicato a Pietro Mennea - Notizie - FSNews|access-date=2013-06-05|archive-date=2013-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607165946/http://www.fsnews.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=587b11f345d8d310VgnVCM1000008916f90aRCRD|url-status=live}}</ref> On 26 February 2016, a Frecciarossa 1000 reportedly attained a peak speed of {{cvt|393.8|km/h}} while traversing the Torino-Milano high speed line.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ferrovie.it/portale/articoli/1855|title=Il Frecciarossa 1000 è ancora da record|date=2016-02-26|website=Ferrovie.it|access-date=2019-06-01|archive-date=2019-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601131325/http://www.ferrovie.it/portale/articoli/1855|url-status=live}}</ref>
 ===Hitachi Italy era (2015 to present)===
-Lacking the funds for a proper restructuring of its troubled subsidiary, Finmeccanica on 2 November 2015 announced the 'closing of transactions' covering the acquisition of AnsaldoBreda by [[Hitachi]], together with Finmeccanica's 40% stake in [[Ansaldo STS]].
+Lacking the funds for a proper restructuring of its troubled subsidiary, Finmeccanica announced on 2 November 2015 the 'closing of transactions' covering the purchase of AnsaldoBreda by [[Hitachi]], together with Finmeccanica's 40% stake in [[Ansaldo STS]], for $2.2 billion.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ansaldosts-m-a-hitachi-idUSKBN0LR1IF20150224| title=Finmeccanica agrees sale of rail businesses to Hitachi for $2.2 billion| website=Reuters| date=February 24, 2015| first1=Danilo| last1=Masoni| first2=Valentina| last2=Za| access-date=December 9, 2016| archive-date=December 20, 2016| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220105619/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-ansaldosts-m-a-hitachi-idUSKBN0LR1IF20150224| url-status=live}}</ref>
-Under the agreements signed on 24 February 2015, following a dividend distribution announced on 6 March, the purchase price for Finmeccanica's stake in Ansaldo STS has been set at €9.50 per share, amounting to a total of €761m. The total net consideration to be paid for AnsaldoBreda as a going concern, including property assets, amounts to around €30m. As a part of the deal Finmeccanica would keep the responsibility for some residual contracts.<ref>[https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-agrees-to-buy-ansaldo-sts-and-ansaldobreda.html Hitachi agrees to buy Ansaldo STS and AnsaldoBreda] (24 Feb 2015)</ref>
+Under the agreements signed on 24 February 2015, following a dividend distribution announced on 6 March, the purchase price for Finmeccanica's stake in Ansaldo STS has been set at €9.50 per share, amounting to a total of €761m. The total net consideration to be paid for AnsaldoBreda as a going concern, including property assets, amounts to around €30m. As a part of the deal Finmeccanica would keep the responsibility for some residual contracts.<ref>[https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-agrees-to-buy-ansaldo-sts-and-ansaldobreda.html Hitachi agrees to buy Ansaldo STS and AnsaldoBreda] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917181833/https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-agrees-to-buy-ansaldo-sts-and-ansaldobreda.html |date=2018-09-17 }} (24 Feb 2015)</ref>
-On 2 November 2015 AnsaldoBreda changed its name to Hitachi Rail Italy.<ref name=soldtoHitachi /><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/business/single-view/view/hitachi-agrees-to-buy-ansaldo-sts-and-ansaldobreda.html| website=Railway Gazette| title=Hitachi agrees to buy Ansaldo STS and AnsaldoBreda| date=February 24, 2015| access-date=December 9, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ansaldosts-m-a-hitachi-idUSKBN0LR1IF20150224| title=Finmeccanica agrees sale of rail businesses to Hitachi for $2.2 billion| website=Reuters| date=February 24, 2015| first1=Danilo| last1=Masoni| first2=Valentina| last2=Za| access-date=December 9, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-02-24/hitachi-said-near-2-1-billion-deal-for-finmeccanica-rail| title=Hitachi Agrees to Buy Two Finmeccanica Rail Businesses| newspaper=Bloomberg.com| date=February 23, 2015| first1=Takashi| last1=Amano| first2=Kiyotaka| last2=Matsuda| access-date=December 9, 2016}}</ref>
-Since being acquired by Hitachi, production of some [[British Rail Class 802]] has been shifted to Hitachi Rail Italy's [[Pistoia]] plant due to Hitachi Rail's [[Hitachi Newton Aycliffe|Newton Aycliffe plant]], being at capacity.<ref>{{citation| url =http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/europe/single-view/view/great-western-at300-trainsets-to-be-built-in-italy.html| title = Great Western AT300 trainsets to be built in Italy| date = 22 December 2015| work = www.railwaygazette.com }}</ref> The name changed in Hitachi Rail with headquarters in London and subsidiary in Pistoia. Production sites in Italy remain in Pistoia and [[Reggio Calabria]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hitachirail.com/it/|title = Hitachi Rail - Home}}</ref>
+Since being acquired by Hitachi, production of some [[British Rail Class 802]] has been shifted to Hitachi Rail Italy's [[Pistoia]] plant due to Hitachi Rail's [[Hitachi Newton Aycliffe|Newton Aycliffe plant]], being at capacity.<ref>{{citation| url = http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/europe/single-view/view/great-western-at300-trainsets-to-be-built-in-italy.html| title = Great Western AT300 trainsets to be built in Italy| date = 22 December 2015| work = www.railwaygazette.com| access-date = 17 February 2017| archive-date = 17 December 2016| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161217030015/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/europe/single-view/view/great-western-at300-trainsets-to-be-built-in-italy.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
 ==Products==
 {{category see also|AnsaldoBreda locomotives}}
 {{category see also|AnsaldoBreda multiple units}}
 ===DMU and EMU===
 * [[Frecciarossa 1000]]
@@ Line 102: / Line 103: @@
 ===Metro===
 * [[AnsaldoBreda Meneghino]]
+* [[AnsaldoBreda Leonardo]]
 * [[Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro]]
+(All of these metros are being used in the [[Milan Metro]] network as of 2023.)
 ===Tram and light rail===
-* [[AnsaldoBreda T-68]]
+* [[AnsaldoBreda T-68]]/[[Firema T-68#T-68A|T-68A]]
+* [[AnsaldoBreda T-69]]
 * [[Sirio]]
 * [[SL95]]
-* [[West Midlands Metro rolling stock]]
 * [[AnsaldoBreda P2550]]
@@ Line 130: / Line 133: @@
 *[[Sirio]] for [[Athens Tram]].
 * [[Electro-diesel multiple unit|Tri-mode]] trains for [[TrainOSE]] long-distance services capable of operating with electrical supply, diesel engines or onboard batteries, to be delivered from 2022.
+* 33 [[Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro]] for [[Metro Thessaloniki]].
 === Italy ===
-* high-speed [[FS Class ETR 500|ETR 500]] for [[Trenitalia]] of [[Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane]].<ref name="Il Sole 24 Ore">{{cite news |url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/SoleOnLine4/Economia%20e%20Lavoro/2007/09/turchia-battuto-record-velocita.shtml?uuid=34015b4e-5f70-11dc-b5d3-00000e251029&DocRulesView=Libero|title=Nuovo record di velocità del treno italiano Etr 500 in Turchia: 303 km/h|date=2007-09-14 |newspaper=Il Sole 24 Ore|language=it |access-date=2012-11-11}}</ref><ref name="FS355record">{{cite web |url=http://www.fsnews.it/fsnews/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=07a4a4b1fb478110VgnVCM1000001c42fe0aRCRD |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217133615/http://www.fsnews.it/fsnews/v/index.jsp%3Fvgnextoid%3D07a4a4b1fb478110VgnVCM1000001c42fe0aRCRD |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 17, 2020 |title=Nuovo record di velocità sulla linea AV Milano-Bologna |date=2008-03-03 |publisher=FSNews |language=it |access-date=2008-12-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duegieditrice.it/tuttotreno/default.asp?num=218 |title=Record italiano di velocità |date=April 2008 |publisher=Tutto Treno |language=it |access-date=2009-01-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229225342/http://www.duegieditrice.it/tuttotreno/default.asp?num=218 |archive-date=December 29, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fsnews.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=d203c7bd6d20b110VgnVCM1000003f16f90aRCRD |title=200 giorni al primo treno Alta Velocità sulla Milano-Bologna |date=2008-05-28 |publisher=FSNews |language=it |access-date=2008-12-31}}</ref>
+* high-speed [[FS Class ETR 500|ETR 500]] for [[Trenitalia]] of [[Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane]].<ref name="Il Sole 24 Ore">{{cite news|url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/SoleOnLine4/Economia%20e%20Lavoro/2007/09/turchia-battuto-record-velocita.shtml?uuid=34015b4e-5f70-11dc-b5d3-00000e251029&DocRulesView=Libero|title=Nuovo record di velocità del treno italiano Etr 500 in Turchia: 303 km/h|date=2007-09-14|newspaper=Il Sole 24 Ore|language=it|access-date=2012-11-11|archive-date=2013-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927193026/http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/SoleOnLine4/Economia%20e%20Lavoro/2007/09/turchia-battuto-record-velocita.shtml?uuid=34015b4e-5f70-11dc-b5d3-00000e251029&DocRulesView=Libero|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="FS355record">{{cite web |url=http://www.fsnews.it/fsnews/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=07a4a4b1fb478110VgnVCM1000001c42fe0aRCRD |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217133615/http://www.fsnews.it/fsnews/v/index.jsp%3Fvgnextoid%3D07a4a4b1fb478110VgnVCM1000001c42fe0aRCRD |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 17, 2020 |title=Nuovo record di velocità sulla linea AV Milano-Bologna |date=2008-03-03 |publisher=FSNews |language=it |access-date=2008-12-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duegieditrice.it/tuttotreno/default.asp?num=218 |title=Record italiano di velocità |date=April 2008 |publisher=Tutto Treno |language=it |access-date=2009-01-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229225342/http://www.duegieditrice.it/tuttotreno/default.asp?num=218 |archive-date=December 29, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fsnews.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=d203c7bd6d20b110VgnVCM1000003f16f90aRCRD |title=200 giorni al primo treno Alta Velocità sulla Milano-Bologna |date=2008-05-28 |publisher=FSNews |language=it |access-date=2008-12-31 |archive-date=2011-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110427081118/http://www.fsnews.it/cms/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=d203c7bd6d20b110VgnVCM1000003f16f90aRCRD |url-status=live }}</ref>
-* high-speed [[Frecciarossa 1000]] for [[Trenitalia]] of [[Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane]].<ref>{{citation| url  =http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/high-speed/trenitalia-unveils-etr-1000-mock-up.html?channel=542#.UDIqkamPVhw| title = Trenitalia unveils ETR 1000 mock-up|first = Marco|last = Chiandoni| date = 30 August 2012|work = International Railway Journal}}</ref><ref name="aug2012">{{citation| url  =http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/passenger/single-view/view/trenitalia-unveils-frecciarossa-1000.html| title = Trenitalia unveils Frecciarossa 1000| work = www.railwaygazette.com| date = 20 August 2012}}</ref>
+* high-speed [[Frecciarossa 1000]] for [[Trenitalia]] of [[Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane]].<ref>{{citation|url = http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/high-speed/trenitalia-unveils-etr-1000-mock-up.html?channel=542#.UDIqkamPVhw|title = Trenitalia unveils ETR 1000 mock-up|first = Marco|last = Chiandoni|date = 30 August 2012|work = International Railway Journal|access-date = 27 December 2012|archive-date = 12 February 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160212192012/http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/high-speed/trenitalia-unveils-etr-1000-mock-up.html?channel=542#.UDIqkamPVhw|url-status = live}}</ref><ref name="aug2012">{{citation| url = http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/passenger/single-view/view/trenitalia-unveils-frecciarossa-1000.html| title = Trenitalia unveils Frecciarossa 1000| work = www.railwaygazette.com| date = 20 August 2012| access-date = 27 December 2012| archive-date = 25 October 2012| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121025144033/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/passenger/single-view/view/trenitalia-unveils-frecciarossa-1000.html| url-status = live}}</ref>
 * locomotive [[FS Class E.402|E.402]]
 * locomotive [[FS Class E.403|E.403]]
@@ Line 139: / Line 143: @@
 * multiple unit [[Treno ad alta frequentazione]] (TAF) for [[Ferrovie Nord Milano]] (FNM).
 * multiple unit [[Caravaggio (train)|Caravaggio]] for Trenitalia and FNM.
-* three-car articulated units ETR 211 Metrostar for [[Circumvesuviana]]. The Circumvesuviana operate a fleet of twenty-six "Metrostar".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://napoli.repubblica.it/dettaglio/articolo/1550398|title=Ecco "Metrostar", il nuovo treno della Circumvesuviana - Napoli la Repubblica.it}}</ref>
+* three-car articulated units ETR 211 Metrostar for [[Circumvesuviana]]. The Circumvesuviana operate a fleet of twenty-six "Metrostar".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://napoli.repubblica.it/dettaglio/articolo/1550398|title=Ecco "Metrostar", il nuovo treno della Circumvesuviana - Napoli la Repubblica.it|access-date=2013-06-10|archive-date=2014-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714215412/http://napoli.repubblica.it/dettaglio/articolo/1550398|url-status=live}}</ref>
-* [[AnsaldoBreda Meneghino|Meneghino]] for [[Milan Metro]].<ref name=specs>{{cite web|title=Milan Metro Meneghino|url=http://www.ansaldobreda.it/upload/allegati_prodotti/63_ITA_meneghino.pdf|publisher=AnsaldoBreda|access-date=19 October 2011}}</ref><ref name=corriere1>{{cite news|title=Metropolitana più comoda e sicura con il nuovo treno "Meneghino"|url=http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/09_marzo_19/treno_meneghino_metropolitana_viaggio_inaugurale-1501101914293.shtml|access-date=19 October 2011|newspaper=Corriere della Sera|date=20 March 2009}}</ref>
+* [[AnsaldoBreda Meneghino|Meneghino]] for [[Milan Metro]].<ref name=specs>{{cite web|title=Milan Metro Meneghino|url=http://www.ansaldobreda.it/upload/allegati_prodotti/63_ITA_meneghino.pdf|publisher=AnsaldoBreda|access-date=19 October 2011}}</ref><ref name=corriere1>{{cite news|title=Metropolitana più comoda e sicura con il nuovo treno "Meneghino"|url=http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/09_marzo_19/treno_meneghino_metropolitana_viaggio_inaugurale-1501101914293.shtml|access-date=19 October 2011|newspaper=Corriere della Sera|date=20 March 2009|archive-date=11 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011162730/http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/09_marzo_19/treno_meneghino_metropolitana_viaggio_inaugurale-1501101914293.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>
-*[[Leonardo (treno)|Leonardo]] for [[Milan Metro]].
+*[[AnsaldoBreda Leonardo|Leonardo]] for [[Milan Metro]].
-* [[Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro]] for [[Milan Metro]] and [[Brescia Metro]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BQQ/is_4_46/ai_n26695833/ |title=500 million euro Italian metro deal |date = April 2006|work=[[International Railway Journal]] |access-date=17 November 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arcspace.com/architects/khr/metro/index.html |publisher=Arcspace |title=Copenhagen Metro |access-date=15 November 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090730020956/http://www.arcspace.com/architects/khr/metro/index.html |archive-date=30 July 2009 }}</ref><ref name=brochure>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansaldobreda.com/upload/allegati_prodotti/43_ITA_driverless.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907123207/http://www.ansaldobreda.com/upload/allegati_prodotti/43_ITA_driverless.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 September 2017 |title=Driverless metros |author=AnsaldoBreda |access-date=14 November 2009 }}</ref>
+* [[Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro]] for [[Milan Metro]] and [[Brescia Metro]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BQQ/is_4_46/ai_n26695833/ |title=500 million euro Italian metro deal |date=April 2006 |work=[[International Railway Journal]] |access-date=17 November 2009 |archive-date=10 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160110074343/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BQQ/is_4_46/ai_n26695833/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arcspace.com/architects/khr/metro/index.html |publisher=Arcspace |title=Copenhagen Metro |access-date=15 November 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090730020956/http://www.arcspace.com/architects/khr/metro/index.html |archive-date=30 July 2009 }}</ref><ref name=brochure>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansaldobreda.com/upload/allegati_prodotti/43_ITA_driverless.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907123207/http://www.ansaldobreda.com/upload/allegati_prodotti/43_ITA_driverless.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 September 2017 |title=Driverless metros |author=AnsaldoBreda |access-date=14 November 2009 }}</ref>
 * [[Sirio]] for ''[[:it:Tramvie Elettriche Bergamasche|Tramvie Elettriche Bergamasche]]'' of [[Bergamo]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Il tram Sirio, Progetto T1|url=http://www.teb.bergamo.it/user/Default.aspx?SEZ=8&PAG=22|access-date=3 November 2011|date=14 February 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924113700/http://www.teb.bergamo.it/user/Default.aspx?SEZ=8&PAG=22|archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref>
-* [[Sirio]] for [[Trams in Florence|Rete tranviaria di Firenze]] of [[Florence]].<ref name=CF1>{{cite news|title=In quarantamila su Sirio|url=http://corrierefiorentino.corriere.it/firenze/notizie/cronaca/2010/14-febbraio-2010/ci-siamo-giorno-sirio-foto-inviaci-tuo-viaggio-1602460759601.shtml|access-date=3 November 2011|newspaper=Corriere Fiorentino|date=14 February 2010}}</ref><ref name=RF1>{{cite news|title=Tutti pazzi per Sirio Boom di viaggiatori in tram|url=http://firenze.repubblica.it/cronaca/2011/01/18/news/tutti_pazzi_per_sirio_boom_di_viaggiatori_in_tram-11379869/|access-date=3 November 2011|newspaper=la Repubblica Firenze|date=18 January 2011}}</ref>
+* [[Sirio]] for [[Trams in Florence|Rete tranviaria di Firenze]] of [[Florence]].<ref name=CF1>{{cite news|title=In quarantamila su Sirio|url=http://corrierefiorentino.corriere.it/firenze/notizie/cronaca/2010/14-febbraio-2010/ci-siamo-giorno-sirio-foto-inviaci-tuo-viaggio-1602460759601.shtml|access-date=3 November 2011|newspaper=Corriere Fiorentino|date=14 February 2010|archive-date=2 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120602134438/http://corrierefiorentino.corriere.it/firenze/notizie/cronaca/2010/14-febbraio-2010/ci-siamo-giorno-sirio-foto-inviaci-tuo-viaggio-1602460759601.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=RF1>{{cite news|title=Tutti pazzi per Sirio Boom di viaggiatori in tram|url=http://firenze.repubblica.it/cronaca/2011/01/18/news/tutti_pazzi_per_sirio_boom_di_viaggiatori_in_tram-11379869/|access-date=3 November 2011|newspaper=la Repubblica Firenze|date=18 January 2011|archive-date=5 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405044912/http://firenze.repubblica.it/cronaca/2011/01/18/news/tutti_pazzi_per_sirio_boom_di_viaggiatori_in_tram-11379869/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 * [[Sirio]] for [[Trams in Naples|Naples tramway network]] of [[Naples]] and for [[Sassari Tram-train|Sassari metro-tramway]].
 ===Morocco===
-* multiple unit [[Treno ad alta frequentazione|TAF Z2M]] for [[ONCF]]. The ONCF operates a fleet of 24 trains.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/en/news/shipbuilding/single-view/view/moroccos-rail-renaissance-takes-a-major-step-forward.html|title=Morocco's railway acquires 24 new EMU}}</ref>
+* multiple unit [[Treno ad alta frequentazione|TAF Z2M]] for [[ONCF]]. The ONCF operates a fleet of 24 trains.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/en/news/shipbuilding/single-view/view/moroccos-rail-renaissance-takes-a-major-step-forward.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201022551/http://www.railwaygazette.com/en/news/shipbuilding/single-view/view/moroccos-rail-renaissance-takes-a-major-step-forward.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 1, 2013|title=Morocco's railway acquires 24 new EMU}}</ref>
 [[File:ONCF - Ansaldo Breda Z2M.jpg|thumb|ONCF TAF Z2M]]
 ===Norway===
-* electric multiple unit [[NSB Class 72]] for [[Norwegian State Railways]]. The NSB operates a fleet of 36 trains.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.osloby.no/nyheter/Fiaskotrikker-og-suksesstog-er-fra-samme-fabrikk-7216793.html#.Uath50BJSZg|title=Fiaskotrikker og suksesstog er fra samme fabrikk|last=Johansen|first=Magne|date=2 June 2013|publisher=Oslo By (Aftenposten)|language=no|access-date=2 June 2013}}</ref>
+* electric multiple unit [[NSB Class 72]] for [[Vy|Norwegian State Railways]]. The NSB operates a fleet of 36 trains.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.osloby.no/nyheter/Fiaskotrikker-og-suksesstog-er-fra-samme-fabrikk-7216793.html#.Uath50BJSZg|title=Fiaskotrikker og suksesstog er fra samme fabrikk|last=Johansen|first=Magne|date=2 June 2013|publisher=Oslo By (Aftenposten)|language=no|access-date=2 June 2013|archive-date=11 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611004535/http://www.osloby.no/nyheter/Fiaskotrikker-og-suksesstog-er-fra-samme-fabrikk-7216793.html#.Uath50BJSZg|url-status=live}}</ref>
 * multiple unit [[SL95]] for [[Oslo Tramway]]. [[Sporveien Trikken]] operates a fleet of 32 [[low-floor tram|low-floor]], [[articulated tram|articulated]] [[tram]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vognselskapet.no/materiell/sl95/frontpage/beskrivelse_sl95.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928114744/http://www.vognselskapet.no/materiell/sl95/frontpage/beskrivelse_sl95.pdf|url-status=dead |title=SL 95 (PDF in Norwegian)|archive-date=September 28, 2013}}</ref> Over the years, AnsaldoBreda has updated the equipment to meet the requirements and demands of the operator in Norway.<ref>{{cite journal |title=SL95 |author=Blix, Håvard |journal=[[Lokaltrafikk]] |year=2001 |volume=46 |page=38 |language=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=SL95 |author=Blix, Håvard |journal=[[Lokaltrafikk]] |year=2001 |volume=47 |pages=41–42 |language=no}}</ref>
@@ Line 160: / Line 164: @@
 === Sweden ===
-* [[Sirio]] trams for [[Gothenburg tram network]] of [[Gothenburg]].<ref name=gp_2nov2015>{{cite news|title=Göteborgs stad häver avtal med Ansaldobreda|url=http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.2883867-goteborgs-stad-haver-avtal-med-ansaldobreda|access-date=5 November 2015|publisher=[[Göteborgsposten]]|date=2 Nov 2015}}</ref><ref name=up_1>{{cite news|title=Göteborgs stad har tröttnat på Ansaldobreda|url=http://upphandling24.se/goteborgs-stad-har-trottnat-ansaldobreda/|access-date=25 January 2016|publisher=Upphandling 24|date=9 Sep 2015}}</ref><ref name=up_2>{{cite news|title=Väl utförd upphandling av rostiga spårvagnar|url=http://upphandling24.se/val-utford-upphandling-av-rostiga-sparvagnar//|access-date=25 January 2016|publisher=Upphandling 24|date=14 Feb 2014}}</ref>
+* [[Sirio]] trams for [[Gothenburg tram network]] of [[Gothenburg]].<ref name=gp_2nov2015>{{cite news|title=Göteborgs stad häver avtal med Ansaldobreda|url=http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.2883867-goteborgs-stad-haver-avtal-med-ansaldobreda|access-date=5 November 2015|publisher=[[Göteborgsposten]]|date=2 Nov 2015|archive-date=5 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105025549/http://www.gp.se/nyheter/goteborg/1.2883867-goteborgs-stad-haver-avtal-med-ansaldobreda|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=up_1>{{cite news|title=Göteborgs stad har tröttnat på Ansaldobreda|url=http://upphandling24.se/goteborgs-stad-har-trottnat-ansaldobreda/|access-date=25 January 2016|publisher=Upphandling 24|date=9 Sep 2015|archive-date=22 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160122094701/http://upphandling24.se/goteborgs-stad-har-trottnat-ansaldobreda/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=up_2>{{cite news|title=Väl utförd upphandling av rostiga spårvagnar|url=http://upphandling24.se/val-utford-upphandling-av-rostiga-sparvagnar//|access-date=25 January 2016|publisher=Upphandling 24|date=14 Feb 2014|archive-date=1 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201145243/http://upphandling24.se/val-utford-upphandling-av-rostiga-sparvagnar//|url-status=live}}</ref>
 === Turkey ===
@@ Line 168: / Line 172: @@
 === United Kingdom ===
-* [[West Midlands Metro|Midland Metro]] formerly operated a fleet of 16 two carriage T69 trams in [[Birmingham]].<ref name="boynton2001page80">Boynton (2001), p.80.</ref> The fleet was completely replaced after 14 years of service by [[CAF Urbos 3]] trams in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.expressandstar.com/news/transport-news/2012/08/26/work-on-40m-midland-metro-tram-fleet-to-start-in-weeks/|title=Work on £40m Midland Metro tram fleet to start in weeks « Express & Star}}</ref>
+* [[West Midlands Metro|Midland Metro]] formerly operated a fleet of 16 two carriage T69 trams in [[Birmingham]].<ref name="boynton2001page80">Boynton (2001), p.80.</ref> The fleet was completely replaced after 14 years of service by [[CAF Urbos 3]] trams in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.expressandstar.com/news/transport-news/2012/08/26/work-on-40m-midland-metro-tram-fleet-to-start-in-weeks/|title=Work on £40m Midland Metro tram fleet to start in weeks « Express & Star|date=7 November 2016 |access-date=2018-03-21|archive-date=2016-11-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108140229/http://www.expressandstar.com/news/transport-news/2012/08/26/work-on-40m-midland-metro-tram-fleet-to-start-in-weeks/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 * [[Manchester Metrolink]] commenced operations in 1992 using a passenger fleet of 26 [[AnsaldoBreda T-68|T-68]] trams, with a further 6 (slightly modified) versions supplied by 2000. The entire fleet was gradually replaced by 2013.
 * [[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]] ordered 36 train sets of [[British Rail Class 802]] which were produced in HRI's [[Pistoia]] facility.
 === United States ===
-* multiple unit Breda CQ312 class for the [[Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority]]. The [[Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority]] operates a fleet of 100 cars, car numbers 601-702, built by Breda, 2001–2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansaldobredainc.com/PDF/Atlanta%20heavy%20rail.pdf|title=Hitachi Rail}}{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
+* multiple unit Breda CQ312 class for the [[Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority]]. The [[Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority]] operates a fleet of 100 cars, car numbers 601–702, built by Breda, 2001–2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansaldobredainc.com/PDF/Atlanta%20heavy%20rail.pdf|title=Hitachi Rail}}{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
-* multiple unit AnsaldoBreda Type 8 LRV for the [[Green Line (MBTA)|MBTA's Green Line]] in Boston. The [[Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority]] operates a fleet of 95 LRV cars,<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2007/11/12/t_will_take_10_new_cars_for_its_busy_green_line/ | work=The Boston Globe | title=T will take 10 new cars for its busy Green Line | first=Noah | last=Bierman | date=November 12, 2007}}</ref> alongside the MBTA's existing [[Kinki Sharyo#North America|Kinki Sharyo]] type 7 cars. The Breda cars have been very difficult to maintain and are expected to be outlasted by their predecessors (built by Kinki Sharyo)
+* multiple unit AnsaldoBreda Type 8 LRV for the [[Green Line (MBTA)|MBTA's Green Line]] in Boston. The [[Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority]] operates a fleet of 95 LRV cars,<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2007/11/12/t_will_take_10_new_cars_for_its_busy_green_line/ | work=The Boston Globe | title=T will take 10 new cars for its busy Green Line | first=Noah | last=Bierman | date=November 12, 2007 | access-date=June 11, 2013 | archive-date=September 27, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927184143/http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2007/11/12/t_will_take_10_new_cars_for_its_busy_green_line/ | url-status=live }}</ref> alongside the MBTA's existing [[Kinki Sharyo#North America|Kinki Sharyo]] type 7 cars. The Breda cars have been very difficult to maintain and are expected to be outlasted by their predecessors (built by Kinki Sharyo)
-* multiple unit AnsaldoBreda LRV for the [[Blue Line (Cleveland)|Blue]] and [[Green Line (Cleveland)|Green]] lines of Cleveland. The [[RTA Rapid Transit]] operates a fleet of 48 LRV cars.<ref>
+* multiple unit AnsaldoBreda LRV for the [[Blue Line (Cleveland)|Blue]] and [[Green Line (Cleveland)|Green]] lines of Cleveland. The [[RTA Rapid Transit]] operates a fleet of 48 LRV cars.<ref>{{cite news| last = Exner| first = Rich| title = Rebuild is anything but rapid RTA's first Breda-car renovations: over budget and behind schedule| page = B3| newspaper = [[The Plain Dealer]]| date = June 3, 2005| url = http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info%3Asid%2Fiw.newsbank.com%3ANewsBank%3ACPDB&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&rft_dat=10A84AF0ACDBADAC&svc_dat=InfoWeb%3Aaggregated4&req_dat=0D1C2ED46ABD2E15| access-date = 2007-06-11| archive-date = 2023-03-23| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230323162106/https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AMNEWS&docref=news/10A84AF0ACDBADAC&f=basic| url-status = live}}</ref>
+* multiple unit AnsaldoBreda P2550<ref name="metro.net">{{cite web|url=http://www.metro.net/board/Items/2008/06_June/20080619OPItem43.pdf|access-date=2016-11-07|date=2008-06-19|title=Rail Division Capacity Assessment Report|publisher=[[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority]]|archive-date=2012-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407002539/http://www.metro.net/board/Items/2008/06_June/20080619OPItem43.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> for the Los Angeles Metro [[A Line (Los Angeles Metro)|A Line]]. The [[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] operates a fleet of 50 LRV cars.
-{{cite news| last = Exner| first = Rich| title = Rebuild is anything but rapid RTA's first Breda-car renovations: over budget and behind schedule| page = B3| newspaper = [[The Plain Dealer]]| date = June 3, 2005| url = http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:NewsBank:CPDB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=10A84AF0ACDBADAC&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggregated4&req_dat=0D1C2ED46ABD2E15| access-date = 2007-06-11 }}</ref>
-* multiple unit AnsaldoBreda P2550<ref name="metro.net">{{cite web|url=http://www.metro.net/board/Items/2008/06_June/20080619OPItem43.pdf|access-date=2016-11-07|date=2008-06-19|
-title=Rail Division Capacity Assessment Report|publisher=[[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority]]}}</ref> for the Los Angeles Metro [[L Line (Los Angeles Metro)|L Line]]. The [[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] operates a fleet of 50 LRV cars.
 * multiple unit AnsaldoBreda A650 [[Breda A650]]. The [[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] operates a fleet of 72 vehicles on the [[B Line (Los Angeles Metro)|B Line]] and [[D Line (Los Angeles Metro)|D Line]].
 * multiple unit AnsaldoBreda LRV2 and AnsaldoBreda LRV3 for the [[Muni Metro]] of [[San Francisco Municipal Railway]].<ref name="Fleet Plan">{{cite web| title=2010 SFMTA Transit Fleet Management Plan| url=http://www.sfmta.com/cms/rhome/documents/2010FleetPlan_MainText-FinalAccessible.pdf| publisher=San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency| access-date=3 March 2013}}{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The Muni Metro operates a fleet of 151 LRV cars.<ref name="Fleet Plan"/><ref name="NewBreda">{{cite news| first = Carl| last = Nolte| title = Stylish New Streetcars Ready to Roll| url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1996/12/10/MN20257.DTL| work = San Francisco Chronicle| publisher = Hearst Communications, Inc.| date = December 10, 1996| access-date = February 14, 2009}}</ref>
@@ Line 186: / Line 188: @@
 ** [[Washington Metro rolling stock|3000-Series]]—290 units built
 ** [[Washington Metro rolling stock|4000-Series]]—100 units built; retired in 2017<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansaldobredainc.com/images/stories/Washington_heavy_rail.pdf|title=Hitachi Rail|access-date=2013-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923172337/http://www.ansaldobredainc.com/images/stories/Washington_heavy_rail.pdf|archive-date=2015-09-23|url-status=dead}}</ref>
+** [[Washington Metro rolling stock|8000-Series]]-256 units currently on order, delivery starting in 2024<ref name="performance vehicles">{{Cite web |date=October 21, 2008 |title=2000/3000 Series Rail Car Replacement |url=http://www.wmata.com/pdfs/planning/Performance_Vehicles.pdf |publisher=WMATA |page=2 |access-date=February 15, 2014 |quote=Replace all 366 of the 2000 and the 3000 Series rail cars with new 8000 Series rail cars.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212214828/http://www.wmata.com/pdfs/planning/Performance_Vehicles.pdf|archive-date=February 12, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Metro begins 8000-series railcar procurement |url=https://www.wmata.com/about/news/8000-series-railcar-procurement.cfm |website=WMATA |access-date=June 8, 2020}}</ref>
 * 136 cars for [[Metrorail (Miami-Dade County)]] - assembled in [[Medley, Florida|Medley]] by HRI subsidiary Hitachi Rail USA
-* 78 cars for [[Baltimore Metro Subway|Baltimore Metro SubwayLink]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mta.maryland.gov/content/mdot-mta-wins-approval-4005-million-purchase-metro-subwaylink-railcars-and-train-control|title=MDOT MTA Wins Approval for $400.5 Million Purchase of Metro SubwayLink Railcars and Train Control System - Maryland Transit Administration|website=mta.maryland.gov}}</ref>-Also assembled in Miami by Hitachi Rail USA
+* 78 cars for [[Baltimore Metro Subway|Baltimore Metro SubwayLink]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mta.maryland.gov/content/mdot-mta-wins-approval-4005-million-purchase-metro-subwaylink-railcars-and-train-control|title=MDOT MTA Wins Approval for $400.5 Million Purchase of Metro SubwayLink Railcars and Train Control System - Maryland Transit Administration|website=mta.maryland.gov|access-date=2017-07-28|archive-date=2017-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213020555/https://mta.maryland.gov/content/mdot-mta-wins-approval-4005-million-purchase-metro-subwaylink-railcars-and-train-control|url-status=live}}</ref>-Also assembled in Miami by Hitachi Rail USA
-* 80 cars for [[Honolulu Rail Transit|Honolulu Area Rapid Transit (HART)]]
+* 80 cars for [[Skyline (Honolulu)|Skyline]] in Honolulu, Hawaii
 ==See also==
@@ Line 194: / Line 197: @@
 *[[Gio. Ansaldo & C.|Ansaldo]]
 *[[Società Italiana Ernesto Breda|Breda]]
-*[[Leonardo S.p.A.]] (also known as [[Finmeccanica]])
+*[[Leonardo (company)|Leonardo]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 218: / Line 221: @@
 [[Category:Companies based in Naples]]
 [[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in Italy]]
-[[Category:Hitachi]]
+[[Category:Hitachi Rail]]
 [[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 2001]]