Windows 10 editions: Difference between revisions
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{{Windows 10}} |
{{Windows 10}} |
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; {{visible anchor|Home}} |
; {{visible anchor|Home}} |
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: Windows 10 Home is designed for use in PCs, tablets and [[2-in-1 PC]]s. It includes all features directed at ''consumers''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2015/05/13/introducing-windows-10-editions/ |title=Introducing Windows 10 Editions |last=Prophet |first=Tony |date=May 13, 2015 |website=Windows Experience Blog |publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url= |
: Windows 10 Home is designed for use in PCs, tablets and [[2-in-1 PC]]s. It includes all features directed at ''consumers''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2015/05/13/introducing-windows-10-editions/ |title=Introducing Windows 10 Editions |last=Prophet |first=Tony |date=May 13, 2015 |website=Windows Experience Blog |publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/windows-10-editions-explained-in-plain-english/ |title=Windows 10 editions: Everything you need to know |last=Bott |first=Ed |date=May 14, 2015 |website=[[ZDNet]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]]}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/which-windows-10-editions-get-which-features/ |title=Which Windows 10 editions get which features? |last=Foley |first=Mary Jo |date=July 2, 2015 |website=[[ZDNet]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]]}}</ref> |
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; {{visible anchor|Pro}} |
; {{visible anchor|Pro}} |
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; {{visible anchor|Pro for Workstations}} |
; {{visible anchor|Pro for Workstations}} |
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: Windows 10 Pro for Workstations is designed for high-end hardware for intensive computing tasks and supports [[Intel Xeon]], [[AMD Opteron]] and the latest [[AMD Epyc]] processors; up to 4 CPUs; up to 256 cores; up to 6 TB RAM; the [[ReFS]] file system; Non-Volatile Dual In-line Memory Module ([[NVDIMM]]); and [[remote direct memory access]] (RDMA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.windows.com/business/2017/08/10/microsoft-announces-windows-10-pro-workstations/|title=Microsoft announces Windows 10 Pro for Workstations|last=Diaconu|first=Klaus|date=August 10, 2017|website=Windows For Your Business|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=August 12, 2017|archive-date=August 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811045949/https://blogs.windows.com/business/2017/08/10/microsoft-announces-windows-10-pro-workstations/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url= |
: Windows 10 Pro for Workstations is designed for high-end hardware for intensive computing tasks and supports [[Intel Xeon]], [[AMD Opteron]] and the latest [[AMD Epyc]] processors; up to 4 CPUs; up to 256 cores; up to 6 TB RAM; the [[ReFS]] file system; Non-Volatile Dual In-line Memory Module ([[NVDIMM]]); and [[remote direct memory access]] (RDMA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.windows.com/business/2017/08/10/microsoft-announces-windows-10-pro-workstations/|title=Microsoft announces Windows 10 Pro for Workstations|last=Diaconu|first=Klaus|date=August 10, 2017|website=Windows For Your Business|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=August 12, 2017|archive-date=August 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811045949/https://blogs.windows.com/business/2017/08/10/microsoft-announces-windows-10-pro-workstations/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-confirms-new-windows-10-pro-for-workstations-edition/|title=Microsoft confirms new Windows 10 Pro for Workstations edition|last=Foley|first=Mary Jo|date=August 10, 2017|work=[[ZDNet]]|publisher=[[CBS Interactive]]|author-link=Mary Jo Foley}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/8/10/16128072/microsoft-windows-10-pro-for-workstations-features|title=Microsoft reveals new Windows 10 Workstations edition for power users|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=August 10, 2017|website=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> |
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== Organizational editions == |
== Organizational editions == |
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: Windows 10 Education is distributed through Academic Volume Licensing. It was based on Windows 10 Enterprise and initially reported to have the same feature set.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> As of version 1709, however, this edition has fewer features. See {{section link||Comparison chart}} for details. |
: Windows 10 Education is distributed through Academic Volume Licensing. It was based on Windows 10 Enterprise and initially reported to have the same feature set.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> As of version 1709, however, this edition has fewer features. See {{section link||Comparison chart}} for details. |
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; {{visible anchor|Pro Education}} |
; {{visible anchor|Pro Education}} |
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: This edition was introduced in July 2016 for hardware partners on new devices purchased with the discounted [[K–12]] academic license. It was based on the Pro edition of Windows 10 and contains mostly the same features as Windows 10 Pro with different options disabled by default, and adds options for setup and deployment in an education environment. It also features a "Set Up School PCs" app that allows provisioning of settings using a [[USB flash drive]], and does not include Cortana, Microsoft Store suggestions, Windows Sandbox, or Windows Spotlight.<ref>{{Cite web |url= |
: This edition was introduced in July 2016 for hardware partners on new devices purchased with the discounted [[K–12]] academic license. It was based on the Pro edition of Windows 10 and contains mostly the same features as Windows 10 Pro with different options disabled by default, and adds options for setup and deployment in an education environment. It also features a "Set Up School PCs" app that allows provisioning of settings using a [[USB flash drive]], and does not include Cortana, Microsoft Store suggestions, Windows Sandbox, or Windows Spotlight.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-to-add-new-windows-10-pro-education-version-to-its-line-up/ |title=Microsoft to add new Windows 10 Pro Education edition to its line-up |last=Foley |first=Mary Jo |date=July 27, 2016 |website=[[ZDNet]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]]}}</ref><ref name="ProEducationComparison">{{cite web|url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/3181976/windows-10-editions-for-education-customers|title=Windows 10 editions for education customers|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=February 22, 2019}}</ref><ref name="ProEducationTips">{{cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/configuration/manage-tips-and-suggestions|title=Manage Windows 10 and Microsoft Store tips, "fun facts", and suggestions|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=February 22, 2019}}</ref> |
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; {{visible anchor|Enterprise}} |
; {{visible anchor|Enterprise}} |
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: Windows 10 Enterprise provides all the features of Windows 10 Pro for Workstations, with additional features to assist with IT-based organizations.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Windows 10 Enterprise is configurable on two servicing channels, ''Semi-Annual Channel'' and ''Windows Insider Program''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/update/waas-servicing-branches-windows-10-updates|title=Assign devices to servicing branches for Windows 10 updates (Windows 10)|last=DaniHalfin|website=docs.microsoft.com|language=en-us|access-date=May 3, 2017}}</ref> |
: Windows 10 Enterprise provides all the features of Windows 10 Pro for Workstations, with additional features to assist with IT-based organizations.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Windows 10 Enterprise is configurable on two servicing channels, ''Semi-Annual Channel'' and ''Windows Insider Program''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/update/waas-servicing-branches-windows-10-updates|title=Assign devices to servicing branches for Windows 10 updates (Windows 10)|last=DaniHalfin|website=docs.microsoft.com|language=en-us|access-date=May 3, 2017}}</ref> |
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; {{visible anchor|Enterprise LTSC}} |
; {{visible anchor|Enterprise LTSC}} |
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: Enterprise LTSC (Long-Term Servicing Channel) is a long-term support variant of Windows 10 Enterprise, released every 2 to 3 years. Each release is supported with security updates for either 5 or 10 years after its release, and intentionally receives no feature updates.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/the-next-windows-10-long-term-servicing-channel-ltsc-release/ba-p/2147232|title=The next Windows 10 Long Term Servicing Channel (LTSC) release|date=February 18, 2021|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=July 2, 2021}}</ref> Some features, including the [[Microsoft Store (digital)|Microsoft Store]] and bundled apps, are not included in this edition.<ref name="ms-serviceoverview">{{Cite web |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/update/waas-overview |title=Overview of Windows as a service |publisher=Microsoft |access-date=May 6, 2017}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> This edition was first released as Windows 10 Enterprise LTSB (Long-Term Servicing Branch).<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ghacks.net/2017/07/28/windows-10-ltsb-becomes-windows-10-ltsc/|title=Windows 10 LTSB becomes Windows 10 LTSC|last=Brinkmann|first=Martin|date=July 28, 2017|work=gHacks Technology News}}</ref> There are currently 4 releases of LTSC: one in 2015 ( |
: Enterprise LTSC (Long-Term Servicing Channel) is a long-term support variant of Windows 10 Enterprise, released every 2 to 3 years. Each release is supported with security updates for either 5 or 10 years after its release, and intentionally receives no feature updates.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/the-next-windows-10-long-term-servicing-channel-ltsc-release/ba-p/2147232|title=The next Windows 10 Long Term Servicing Channel (LTSC) release|date=February 18, 2021|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=July 2, 2021}}</ref> Some features, including the [[Microsoft Store (digital)|Microsoft Store]] and bundled apps, are not included in this edition.<ref name="ms-serviceoverview">{{Cite web |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/update/waas-overview |title=Overview of Windows as a service |publisher=Microsoft |access-date=May 6, 2017}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> This edition was first released as Windows 10 Enterprise LTSB (Long-Term Servicing Branch).<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://www.ghacks.net/2017/07/28/windows-10-ltsb-becomes-windows-10-ltsc/|title=Windows 10 LTSB becomes Windows 10 LTSC|last=Brinkmann|first=Martin|date=July 28, 2017|work=gHacks Technology News}}</ref> There are currently 4 releases of LTSC: one in 2015 (RTM), one in 2016 (version 1607), one in 2018 (labeled as 2019, version 1809), and one in 2021 (version 21H2).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Keizer |first1=Gregg |title=FAQ: Windows 10 LTSB explained |url=https://www.computerworld.com/article/3250464/microsoft-windows/faq-windows-10-ltsb-explained.html |website=Computerworld |access-date=3 October 2018 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=greg-lindsay|title=What's new in Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2021 - What's new in Windows|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/whats-new/ltsc/whats-new-windows-10-2021|access-date=2021-11-18|website=docs.microsoft.com|language=en-us}}</ref> |
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=== Multi-session === |
=== Multi-session === |
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== S mode == |
== S mode == |
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Since 2018, OEMs can ship Windows 10 Home and Pro in a feature-limited variation named S mode which evolved from the discontinued [[#S|Windows 10 S]]. Organizations employing Windows 10 Enterprise or Windows 10 Education can make use of S mode too.<ref>{{cite web|title=Windows 10 in S mode FAQ|url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4020089/windows-10-in-s-mode-faq|website=Windows.com|publisher=Microsoft}}</ref> S mode is a feature-limited edition of Windows 10 designed primarily for low-end devices in the education market. It has a faster initial setup and login process, and allows devices to be provisioned using a USB drive with the "Set Up School PCs" app. |
Since 2018, OEMs can ship Windows 10 Home and Pro in a feature-limited variation named S mode which evolved from the discontinued [[#S|Windows 10 S]]. Organizations employing Windows 10 Enterprise or Windows 10 Education can make use of S mode too.<ref>{{cite web|title=Windows 10 in S mode FAQ|url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4020089/windows-10-in-s-mode-faq|website=Windows.com|publisher=Microsoft}}</ref> S mode is a feature-limited edition of Windows 10 designed primarily for low-end devices in the education market. It has a faster initial setup and login process, and allows devices to be provisioned using a USB drive with the "Set Up School PCs" app. |
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=== Changes === |
=== Changes === |
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With the exception of the [[Microsoft Teams]] desktop client which was made available for S mode in April 2019,{{ |
With the exception of the [[Microsoft Teams]] desktop client which was made available for S mode in April 2019,{{Citation needed|date=October 2021}} the installation of software (both [[Universal Windows Platform|Universal Windows Platform (UWP)]] and [[Windows API]] apps) is only possible through the [[Microsoft Store (digital)|Microsoft Store]], and built-in and Microsoft Store-obtained [[command line]] programs or shells cannot be run in this mode.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Turner|first=Rich|title=Will Linux distros run on Windows 10 S?|date=May 18, 2017|url=https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/commandline/2017/05/18/will-linux-distros-run-on-windows-10-s/|access-date=May 26, 2017|publisher=Microsoft}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gartenberg|first=Chaim|date=May 19, 2017|title=Linux distros won't run on Windows 10 S after all|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/5/19/15666356/linux-distros-command-line-windows-10-s-store|website=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Smith|first=Sharon|title=Get clients for Microsoft Teams - Microsoft Teams|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoftteams/get-clients|access-date=2021-05-02|website=docs.microsoft.com|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Update get-clients.md · MicrosoftDocs/OfficeDocs-SkypeForBusiness@5c2ca5a|url=https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/OfficeDocs-SkypeForBusiness/commit/5c2ca5acd2e98be1578112feaccf33b64a274c91|access-date=2021-05-02|website=GitHub|language=en}}</ref> System settings are locked to allow only Microsoft Edge as the default web browser with [[Bing (search engine)|Bing]] as its search engine.<ref name="verge-defaultbrowser-s">{{Cite web|last=Warren|first=Tom|title=Windows 10 S won't let you change the default browser or switch to Google search|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/2/15525654/microsoft-windows-10s-default-browser-microsoft-edge|website=[[The Verge]]|date=May 2, 2017|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> The operating system may be switched out of S mode using the [[Microsoft Store]] for free. However, once S Mode is turned off, it cannot be re-enabled.<ref name="pcw-w10s">{{Cite web|last=Chacos|first=Brad|title=Meet Windows 10 S, a streamlined, simplified, Microsoft Store-only OS for schools|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/3193700/windows/meet-windows-10-s-a-streamlined-simplified-windows-store-only-os-for-schools.html|website=[[PC World]]|publisher=[[IDG]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=June 19, 2017|title=Microsoft now lets Surface Laptop owners revert back to Windows 10 S|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/6/19/15830772/microsoft-surface-laptop-windows-10-s-recovery-images|website=[[The Verge]]|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref> All Windows 10 devices in S mode include a free one-year subscription to ''[[Minecraft: Education Edition]]''.{{Citation needed|date=July 2023}} Critics have compared the edition to [[Windows RT]], and have considered it to be an alternative to [[ChromeOS]].<ref name="pcw-w10s" /><ref name="verge-windows10s">{{Cite web|title=Windows 10 S is Microsoft's answer to Chrome OS|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/2/15506378/microsoft-windows-10-s-os-operating-system-announced-features|access-date=May 2, 2017|website=[[The Verge]]|date=May 2, 2017|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bright|first=Peter|date=September 14, 2016|title=Desktop apps make their way into the Microsoft Store|url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/09/desktop-apps-make-their-way-into-the-windows-store/|website=[[Ars Technica]]|publisher=[[Condé Nast]]}}</ref><ref name="verge-10cloudscreen">{{Cite web|title=Windows 10 Cloud looks just like Windows 10 in leaked screenshots|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/2/3/14502748/windows-10-cloud-leaked-screenshots|access-date=March 11, 2017|website=[[The Verge]]|date=February 3, 2017|publisher=[[Vox Media]]}}</ref><ref name="pcw-w10cloud">{{Cite web|title=Leaked Microsoft document confirms Windows 10 Cloud and a Chromebook competitor|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/3191195/computers/leaked-microsoft-document-confirms-windows-10-cloud-and-a-chromebook-competitor.html|access-date=April 23, 2017|website=[[PC World]]|publisher=[[IDG]]}}</ref> |
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== Device-specific editions == |
== Device-specific editions == |
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[[File:Windows 10 Team screenshot.png|thumb|right|180px|A desktop of Windows 10 Team |
[[File:Windows 10 Team screenshot.png|thumb|right|180px|A desktop of Windows 10 Team]] |
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These editions are licensed to [[original equipment manufacturer|OEM]]s only, and are primarily obtained via the purchase of hardware that includes it: |
These editions are licensed to [[original equipment manufacturer|OEM]]s only, and are primarily obtained via the purchase of hardware that includes it: |
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; {{visible anchor|IoT Enterprise}} |
; {{visible anchor|IoT Enterprise}} |
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: Intended specifically for use in small footprint, low-cost devices and [[Internet of Things|IoT]] scenarios.<ref name="Windows For Business">{{Cite web |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/WindowsForBusiness/windows-iot |title=Windows 10 IoT for your business |website=Windows for Business |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=January 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.msembedded.biz/en/embedded-software/windows-10-iot-enterprise/ |title=Windows 10 IoT Enterprise |date=August 14, 2015 |website=MS Embedded |publisher=Silica |access-date=February 1, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508004814/http://www.msembedded.biz/en/embedded-software/windows-10-iot-enterprise/ |archive-date=May 8, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
: Intended specifically for use in small footprint, low-cost devices and [[Internet of Things|IoT]] scenarios.<ref name="Windows For Business">{{Cite web |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/WindowsForBusiness/windows-iot |title=Windows 10 IoT for your business |website=Windows for Business |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=January 16, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.msembedded.biz/en/embedded-software/windows-10-iot-enterprise/ |title=Windows 10 IoT Enterprise |date=August 14, 2015 |website=MS Embedded |publisher=Silica |access-date=February 1, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508004814/http://www.msembedded.biz/en/embedded-software/windows-10-iot-enterprise/ |archive-date=May 8, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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; {{visible anchor|IoT Enterprise LTSC}} |
; {{visible anchor|IoT Enterprise LTSC}} |
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: Long-Term Servicing Channel variant. Replaces all IoT Core edition variants starting with the [[Windows 10, version 21H2|2021]] release.<ref name=core-combine>{{Cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-to-combine-windows-10-iot-core-and-iot-enterprise-in-2021 |title=Microsoft to combine Windows 10 IoT Core and IoT Enterprise in 2021 |website=ZDNet |publisher=Mary Jo Foley |access-date=January 22, 2022}}</ref><ref name=arrow>{{Cite web |url=https://www.arrow.com/ais/msembedded/products-and-offerings/windows-10/iot-core |title=Windows 10 IoT Core |publisher=Arrow Electronics, Inc |access-date=January 14, 2024}}</ref> Furthermore, the 2021 release gains an extra 5 years of support compared to its non-IoT counterpart<ref>{{cite web|url=https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/the-next-windows-10-long-term-servicing-channel-ltsc-release/ba-p/2147232|title=The next Windows 10 Long Term Servicing Channel (LTSC) release|date=February 18, 2021 |publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=January 14, 2024}}</ref> and is available via [[volume licensing]] for the first time.<ref name=IoT-VL/> |
: Long-Term Servicing Channel variant. Replaces all IoT Core edition variants starting with the [[Windows 10, version 21H2|2021]] release.<ref name=core-combine>{{Cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-to-combine-windows-10-iot-core-and-iot-enterprise-in-2021/ |title=Microsoft to combine Windows 10 IoT Core and IoT Enterprise in 2021 |website=ZDNet |publisher=Mary Jo Foley |access-date=January 22, 2022}}</ref><ref name=arrow>{{Cite web |url=https://www.arrow.com/ais/msembedded/products-and-offerings/windows-10/iot-core |title=Windows 10 IoT Core |publisher=Arrow Electronics, Inc |access-date=January 14, 2024}}</ref> Furthermore, the 2021 release gains an extra 5 years of support compared to its non-IoT counterpart<ref>{{cite web|url=https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/the-next-windows-10-long-term-servicing-channel-ltsc-release/ba-p/2147232|title=The next Windows 10 Long Term Servicing Channel (LTSC) release|date=February 18, 2021 |publisher=[[Microsoft]]|access-date=January 14, 2024}}</ref> and is available via [[volume licensing]] for the first time.<ref name=IoT-VL/> |
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== Discontinued editions == |
== Discontinued editions == |
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: [[Windows 10 IoT Core]] was optimized for smaller and lower-cost industry devices. It was also formerly provided free of charge for use in devices like the Raspberry Pi for hobbyist use. Only [[Universal Windows Platform|UWP]] apps are supported, and only one at a time at that.<ref name=arrow/> Discontinued after [[Windows 10, version 1809|version 1809]]. Support ended on 10 November 2020 for non-LTSC,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-10-iot-core |title=Windows 10 IoT Core lifecycle details |website=Microsoft Lifecycle |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref> while IoT Core LTSC (2019/version 1809) support will continue until 9 January 2029.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-10-iot-ltsc-2019-core |title=Windows 10 IoT LTSC 2019 Core lifecycle details |website=Microsoft Lifecycle |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-10-iot-core-ltsc |title=Windows 10 IoT Core LTSC lifecycle details |website=Microsoft Lifecycle |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref> Merged into and replaced by IoT Enterprise LTSC starting with the [[Windows 10, version 21H2|2021/version 21H2]] release.<ref name=core-combine/><ref name=arrow/> |
: [[Windows 10 IoT Core]] was optimized for smaller and lower-cost industry devices. It was also formerly provided free of charge for use in devices like the Raspberry Pi for hobbyist use. Only [[Universal Windows Platform|UWP]] apps are supported, and only one at a time at that.<ref name=arrow/> Discontinued after [[Windows 10, version 1809|version 1809]]. Support ended on 10 November 2020 for non-LTSC,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-10-iot-core |title=Windows 10 IoT Core lifecycle details |website=Microsoft Lifecycle |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref> while IoT Core LTSC (2019/version 1809) support will continue until 9 January 2029.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-10-iot-ltsc-2019-core |title=Windows 10 IoT LTSC 2019 Core lifecycle details |website=Microsoft Lifecycle |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-10-iot-core-ltsc |title=Windows 10 IoT Core LTSC lifecycle details |website=Microsoft Lifecycle |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref> Merged into and replaced by IoT Enterprise LTSC starting with the [[Windows 10, version 21H2|2021/version 21H2]] release.<ref name=core-combine/><ref name=arrow/> |
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;{{visible anchor|S}} |
;{{visible anchor|S}} |
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: Windows 10 S was an edition released in 2017 which ultimately evolved into the so-called [[#S mode|S mode]] of Windows 10. In March 2018, Microsoft announced that it would be phasing out Windows 10 S, citing confusion among manufacturers and end-users.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Microsoft admits Windows 10 S was confusing, new 'S Mode' upgrades will be free|work=The Verge|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/8/17095424/microsoft-windows-10-s-mode-free-upgrades|access-date=2018-03-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Tung|first=Liam|title=Windows 10 to permit block on apps installing if they're not from Microsoft Store|language=en|work=ZDNet|url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/windows-10-to-permit-block-on-apps-installing-if-they |
: Windows 10 S was an edition released in 2017 which ultimately evolved into the so-called [[#S mode|S mode]] of Windows 10. In March 2018, Microsoft announced that it would be phasing out Windows 10 S, citing confusion among manufacturers and end-users.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Microsoft admits Windows 10 S was confusing, new 'S Mode' upgrades will be free|work=The Verge|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/8/17095424/microsoft-windows-10-s-mode-free-upgrades|access-date=2018-03-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Tung|first=Liam|title=Windows 10 to permit block on apps installing if they're not from Microsoft Store|language=en|work=ZDNet|url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/windows-10-to-permit-block-on-apps-installing-if-they%27re-not-from-microsoft-store/|access-date=2018-03-08}}{{dead link|date=July 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> |
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;{{visible anchor|Polaris}} |
;{{visible anchor|Polaris}} |
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: Polaris was used for desktops and laptops; only one build leaked in 2021. It was known as "Windows OneCore 10" in the Windows Boot Manager.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}} |
: Polaris was used for desktops and laptops; only one build leaked in 2021. It was known as "Windows OneCore 10" in the Windows Boot Manager.{{Citation needed|date=October 2023}} |
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;{{visible anchor|Lean}} |
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: Lean was meant to be used for cheaper desktops and laptops with a small storage capacity and resources, it could fit even on a 16gb hard drive; only one build was released in 2018, the setup identifies the edition as "Windows 10 Lean".<ref>https://betanews.com/2018/04/24/windows-10-lean/</ref> |
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;{{visible anchor|Andromeda}} |
;{{visible anchor|Andromeda}} |
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| Line 88: | Line 91: | ||
; {{Visible anchor|Home with Bing}} |
; {{Visible anchor|Home with Bing}} |
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: As with Windows 8.1, a reduced-price "Windows 10 with Bing" [[Stock keeping unit|SKU]] is available to [[Original equipment manufacturer|OEM]]s; it is subsidized by having Microsoft's [[Bing (search engine)|Bing]] search engine set as default, which cannot be changed to a different search engine by OEMs. It is intended primarily for low-cost devices, and is otherwise identical to Windows 10 ''Home''.<ref name="Win10Bing">{{cite web|last1=Slater-Robins|first1=Max|title=Microsoft is helping manufacturers make cheap tablets that can run Windows as well as Android|url= |
: As with Windows 8.1, a reduced-price "Windows 10 with Bing" [[Stock keeping unit|SKU]] is available to [[Original equipment manufacturer|OEM]]s; it is subsidized by having Microsoft's [[Bing (search engine)|Bing]] search engine set as default, which cannot be changed to a different search engine by OEMs. It is intended primarily for low-cost devices, and is otherwise identical to Windows 10 ''Home''.<ref name="Win10Bing">{{cite web|last1=Slater-Robins|first1=Max|title=Microsoft is helping manufacturers make cheap tablets that can run Windows as well as Android|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/windows-10-with-bing-cheap-tablets-2015-8|website=Business Insider UK|access-date=April 23, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Aaron |first1=Dennis |title=Windows Guides |url=https://windowsguided.com/ |access-date=4 June 2023}}</ref> |
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; {{Visible anchor|Home Single Language}} |
; {{Visible anchor|Home Single Language}} |
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: In some [[emerging market]]s,{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}} OEMs preinstall a variation of Windows 10 Home called Single Language without the ability to switch the display language. It is otherwise identical to Windows 10 Home. |
: In some [[emerging market]]s,{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}} OEMs preinstall a variation of Windows 10 Home called Single Language without the ability to switch the display language. To change the display language, the user will need to upgrade to the standard editions of Windows 10 Home or Windows 10 Pro. It is otherwise identical to Windows 10 Home. However, it should not be confused with the standard OEM editions of Windows 10, where OEMs and mobile operators can restrict which display languages are preloaded and/or made available for download and installation for their target markets. |
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; {{Visible anchor|CMIT Government Edition}} |
; {{Visible anchor|CMIT Government Edition}} |
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: In May 2017, it was reported that Microsoft, as part of its partnership with [[China Electronics Technology Group]], created a specially-modified variant of Windows 10 ''Enterprise'' ("G") designed for use within branches of the Chinese government. This variant is pre-configured to "remove features that are not needed by Chinese government employees", and allow the use of its internal encryption algorithms.<ref name="engadget-w10china">{{cite web|title=Microsoft made a version of Windows 10 for the Chinese government|url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/05/23/windows-10-china-government-edition/|website=Engadget|access-date=May 28, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2017/05/23/announcing-windows-10-china-government-edition-new-surface-pro/ |title=Announcing Windows 10 China Government Edition and the new Surface Pro |last=Myerson |first=Terry |date=May 23, 2017 |website=Windows Blog<!--This is the latest name as of Feb 2023; Microsoft keeps changing this blog's name--> |publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}</ref> |
: In May 2017, it was reported that Microsoft, as part of its partnership with [[China Electronics Technology Group]], created a specially-modified variant of Windows 10 ''Enterprise'' ("G") designed for use within branches of the Chinese government. This variant is pre-configured to "remove features that are not needed by Chinese government employees", and allow the use of its internal encryption algorithms.<ref name="engadget-w10china">{{cite web|title=Microsoft made a version of Windows 10 for the Chinese government|url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/05/23/windows-10-china-government-edition/|website=Engadget|access-date=May 28, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://blogs.windows.com/windowsexperience/2017/05/23/announcing-windows-10-china-government-edition-new-surface-pro/ |title=Announcing Windows 10 China Government Edition and the new Surface Pro |last=Myerson |first=Terry |date=May 23, 2017 |website=Windows Blog<!--This is the latest name as of Feb 2023; Microsoft keeps changing this blog's name--> |publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}</ref> |
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; {{Visible anchor|OEM variants (PC and Mobile)}} |
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: As with Windows 10 Mobile and previous versions of Windows since [[Windows Phone 7]] for smartphones and [[Windows 8]] for PCs (since its [[Windows Phone 8|mobile counterpart]] shares the same [[Windows NT]] kernel), device manufacturers (as well as mobile operators for devices with cellular capabilities) who preload Windows 10 can choose not to support certain display languages either during the [[out-of-box experience|OOBE]] process or available as optional downloads via Settings and/or the Microsoft Store based on the target market. For optional downloads, in the first scenario, the option to download the language pack (and any associated supplementary fonts) will not be available; in the second scenario, the installation will be blocked with the message "This app is not compatible with this device," where the "app" in question is a language pack from the Microsoft Store. Unlike Windows 10 Home Single Language, device manufacturers and mobile operators can support one, some, or even all of the display languages available (though many devices that do not run Single Language editions of Windows will likely support multiple display languages). OEM editions are otherwise identical to their retail counterparts without any other feature restrictions. |
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== Comparison chart == |
== Comparison chart == |
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{{sticky header}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
{| class="wikitable sticky-header" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;" |
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|+ Guide |
|+ Guide |
||
! Item !! Meaning |
! scope="col" | Item !! scope="col" | Meaning |
||
|- |
|- |
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| {{Yes}} || Feature is present in the given edition |
| {{Yes}} || Feature is present in the given edition |
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| Line 114: | Line 121: | ||
|} |
|} |
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{{sticky header}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders sticky-header" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; text-align:center;" |
|||
|+ Comparison of Windows 10 editions<ref name=neowinoem>{{cite web |url=http://www.neowin.net/news/microsoft-shows-oems-how-to-market-windows-10-talks-features-and-skus |title=Microsoft shows OEMs how to market Windows 10; talks features and SKUs |last1=Dudau |first1=Vlad |date=June 10, 2015 |website=Neowin |publisher=Neowin LLC |access-date=June 19, 2015}}</ref><ref name="MsBizList">{{Cite web |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/WindowsForBusiness/Compare |title=Compare Windows 10 Pro & Enterprise (E3 & E5) Commercial Editions |website=microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025064619/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/WindowsForBusiness/Compare |archive-date=25 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="MsCrossList">{{Cite web |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compare |title=Compare Windows 10 Editions & Versions {{!}} Home & Pro |website=microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171031010141/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compare |archive-date=31 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="MsTPM">{{Cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/hardware-security/tpm/tpm-recommendations#tpm-and-windows-features |title=TPM recommendations - Windows Security |website=microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317093815/https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/hardware-security/tpm/tpm-recommendations#tpm-and-windows-features |archive-date=17 Mar 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/9413/windows-10-editions-compared |title=Windows 10 Editions Compared |last=Howse |first=Brett |date=July 2, 2015 |website=[[AnandTech]] |publisher=[[Purch]]}}</ref> |
|+ Comparison of Windows 10 editions<ref name=neowinoem>{{cite web |url=http://www.neowin.net/news/microsoft-shows-oems-how-to-market-windows-10-talks-features-and-skus |title=Microsoft shows OEMs how to market Windows 10; talks features and SKUs |last1=Dudau |first1=Vlad |date=June 10, 2015 |website=Neowin |publisher=Neowin LLC |access-date=June 19, 2015}}</ref><ref name="MsBizList">{{Cite web |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/WindowsForBusiness/Compare |title=Compare Windows 10 Pro & Enterprise (E3 & E5) Commercial Editions |website=microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025064619/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/WindowsForBusiness/Compare |archive-date=25 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="MsCrossList">{{Cite web |url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compare |title=Compare Windows 10 Editions & Versions {{!}} Home & Pro |website=microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171031010141/https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/compare |archive-date=31 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="MsTPM">{{Cite web |url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/hardware-security/tpm/tpm-recommendations#tpm-and-windows-features |title=TPM recommendations - Windows Security |website=microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317093815/https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/hardware-security/tpm/tpm-recommendations#tpm-and-windows-features |archive-date=17 Mar 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/9413/windows-10-editions-compared |title=Windows 10 Editions Compared |last=Howse |first=Brett |date=July 2, 2015 |website=[[AnandTech]] |publisher=[[Purch]]}}</ref> |
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| Line 126: | Line 134: | ||
! scope="col" | Enterprise |
! scope="col" | Enterprise |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="text-align:center;" |
|||
! scope="row" | Architecture |
! scope="row" | Architecture |
||
| colspan="7" | [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]], [[ARM64]] (since |
| colspan="7" | [[IA-32]], [[x86-64]], [[ARM64]] (since v1709) |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="text-align:center;" |
|||
! scope="row" | Availability |
! scope="row" | Availability |
||
| [[Original equipment manufacturer|OEM]] licensing |
| [[Original equipment manufacturer|OEM]] licensing |
||
| Line 140: | Line 148: | ||
| [[Volume licensing]] |
| [[Volume licensing]] |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="text-align:center;" |
|||
! scope="row" | Has [[#Regional_variations|N or KN variants]]? |
! scope="row" | Has [[#Regional_variations|N or KN variants]]? |
||
| colspan="1" {{no}} |
| colspan="1" {{no}} |
||
| colspan="6" {{yes}} |
| colspan="6" {{yes}} |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="text-align:center;" |
|||
! scope="row" | Maximum physical memory (RAM) |
! scope="row" | Maximum physical memory (RAM) |
||
| colspan="2" | 128 [[Gigabyte|GB]]{{efn|name=FourGBLimit}} |
| colspan="2" | 128 [[Gigabyte|GB]]{{efn|name=FourGBLimit}} |
||
| colspan="3" | 2 [[Terabyte|TB]] (2048 GB){{efn|name=FourGBLimit}} |
| colspan="3" | 2 [[Terabyte|TB]] (2048 GB){{efn|name=FourGBLimit}} |
||
| colspan="2" | 6 [[Terabyte|TB]] (6144 GB){{efn|name=FourGBLimit}} |
| colspan="2" | 6 [[Terabyte|TB]] (6144 GB){{efn|name=FourGBLimit}} |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="text-align:center;" |
|||
! scope="row" | Maximum CPU sockets<ref name="gs-proccount" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.groovypost.com/howto/windows-10-edition-architecture-build-your-install/|title=Understanding Windows 10 Editions, Architectures and Builds|last=Andre Da Costa|date=2015-09-15|website=groovyPost|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-12}}</ref> |
! scope="row" | Maximum CPU sockets<ref name="gs-proccount" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.groovypost.com/howto/windows-10-edition-architecture-build-your-install/|title=Understanding Windows 10 Editions, Architectures and Builds|last=Andre Da Costa|date=2015-09-15|website=groovyPost|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-12}}</ref> |
||
| colspan="2" | 1 |
| colspan="2" | 1 |
||
| colspan="3" | 2 |
| colspan="3" | 2 |
||
| colspan="2" | 4 |
| colspan="2" | 4 |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="text-align:center;" |
|||
! scope="row" | Maximum CPU cores{{efn|Windows 10 utilises processor groups on x86-64 to manage processor affinity and scheduling. The Windows 10 kernel has a hard-coded limit of 20 processor groups, and each processor group can contain up to 64 logical processors. A logical processor is either a physical or [[Simultaneous multithreading|SMT]] core. Processor groups are allocated based on the [[Non-uniform memory access|NUMA]] topology of the system. One processor group cannot span multiple sockets or NUMA nodes. Processor groups are not available on IA-32; 32-bit builds instead use an older affinity mask implementation with a limit of 32 logical processors. The limit of 20 processor groups does not change between Windows 10 editions. There is no specific limit on the number of physical cores that can be used on Windows 10, unlike Windows Server where physical cores must be additionally licensed.<ref name="gs-proccount">{{Cite web|url=https://codeinsecurity.wordpress.com/2022/04/07/cpu-socket-and-core-count-limits-in-windows-10-and-how-to-remove-them/|title=CPU Socket and Core Count Limits in Windows 10 (And How To Remove Them)|last=Graham Sutherland|date=2022-04-07|website=Codeinsecurity|language=en-GB|access-date=2022-04-08}}</ref><ref name="ms-procgroups">{{Cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/processor-groups|title=Processor Groups - Win32 Apps - Microsoft Docs|date=2021-12-30|website=Microsoft Docs|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-08}}</ref><ref name="ms-numasupport">{{Cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/numa-support|title=NUMA Support - Win32 Apps - Microsoft Docs|date=2021-08-19|website=Microsoft Docs|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-08}}</ref><ref name="gc-kaffinity-ex">{{Cite web|url=https://www.geoffchappell.com/studies/windows/km/ntoskrnl/api/ke/affinity/kaffinity_ex.htm|title=KAFFINITY_EX|last=Geoff Chappell|date=2019-12-17|website=Geoff Chappell, Software Analyst|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-08}}</ref>}} |
! scope="row" | Maximum CPU cores{{efn|Windows 10 utilises processor groups on x86-64 to manage processor affinity and scheduling. The Windows 10 kernel has a hard-coded limit of 20 processor groups, and each processor group can contain up to 64 logical processors. A logical processor is either a physical or [[Simultaneous multithreading|SMT]] core. Processor groups are allocated based on the [[Non-uniform memory access|NUMA]] topology of the system. One processor group cannot span multiple sockets or NUMA nodes. Processor groups are not available on IA-32; 32-bit builds instead use an older affinity mask implementation with a limit of 32 logical processors. The limit of 20 processor groups does not change between Windows 10 editions. There is no specific limit on the number of physical cores that can be used on Windows 10, unlike Windows Server where physical cores must be additionally licensed.<ref name="gs-proccount">{{Cite web|url=https://codeinsecurity.wordpress.com/2022/04/07/cpu-socket-and-core-count-limits-in-windows-10-and-how-to-remove-them/|title=CPU Socket and Core Count Limits in Windows 10 (And How To Remove Them)|last=Graham Sutherland|date=2022-04-07|website=Codeinsecurity|language=en-GB|access-date=2022-04-08}}</ref><ref name="ms-procgroups">{{Cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/processor-groups|title=Processor Groups - Win32 Apps - Microsoft Docs|date=2021-12-30|website=Microsoft Docs|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-08}}</ref><ref name="ms-numasupport">{{Cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/numa-support|title=NUMA Support - Win32 Apps - Microsoft Docs|date=2021-08-19|website=Microsoft Docs|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-08}}</ref><ref name="gc-kaffinity-ex">{{Cite web|url=https://www.geoffchappell.com/studies/windows/km/ntoskrnl/api/ke/affinity/kaffinity_ex.htm|title=KAFFINITY_EX|last=Geoff Chappell|date=2019-12-17|website=Geoff Chappell, Software Analyst|language=en-US|access-date=2022-04-08}}</ref>}} |
||
| colspan="7" | 32 logical cores on IA-32<br />1280 logical cores (20 groups of 64 logical processors) on x86-64 |
| colspan="7" | 32 logical cores on IA-32<br />1280 logical cores (20 groups of 64 logical processors) on x86-64 |
||
|- |
|||
|- style="text-align:center;" |
|||
! scope="row" | Minimum telemetry level{{efn|There are three (previously four) telemetry levels, in the order of magnitude: Diagnostic data off (Security), Required (Basic), and Optional (Full). The higher the level, the more information that is sent to Microsoft. Previous Windows 10 versions had a level <!--"Enhanced" or "Advanced", maybe just skip mentioning either--> between Required and Optional, and the older names for the levels are shown in the parenthesis.}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/configuration/configure-windows-telemetry-in-your-organization |title=Configure Windows telemetry in your organization |date=August 10, 2020 |website=docs.microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}</ref> |
! scope="row" | Minimum telemetry level{{efn|There are three (previously four) telemetry levels, in the order of magnitude: Diagnostic data off (Security), Required (Basic), and Optional (Full). The higher the level, the more information that is sent to Microsoft. Previous Windows 10 versions had a level <!--"Enhanced" or "Advanced", maybe just skip mentioning either--> between Required and Optional, and the older names for the levels are shown in the parenthesis.}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/configuration/configure-windows-telemetry-in-your-organization |title=Configure Windows telemetry in your organization |date=August 10, 2020 |website=docs.microsoft.com |publisher=[[Microsoft]]}}</ref> |
||
| colspan="4" | Required || Diagnostic data off || Required || Diagnostic data off |
| colspan="4" | Required data only || Diagnostic data off || Required data only || Diagnostic data off |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| Line 172: | Line 180: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row" | [[Microsoft Cortana|Cortana]]{{efn|Cortana is available only in certain markets. Experience may vary by region and device.}} |
! scope="row" | [[Microsoft Cortana|Cortana]]{{efn|Cortana is available only in certain markets. Experience may vary by region and device.}} |
||
| colspan="3" {{yes}} || {{Partial|Yes, disabled by default}} || {{yes2|Yes, since |
| colspan="3" {{yes}} || {{Partial|Yes, disabled by default}} || {{yes2|Yes, since v1703}} |
||
| colspan="3" {{yes}} |
| colspan="3" {{yes}} |
||
| Line 209: | Line 217: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row" | Can pause updates? |
! scope="row" | Can pause updates? |
||
| colspan="2" {{yes2|Yes, since |
| colspan="2" {{yes2|Yes, since v1903}} |
||
| colspan="5" {{yes}} |
| colspan="5" {{yes}} |
||
| Line 234: | Line 242: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row" | [[ReFS]] support<ref>{{cite web|title=Features that are removed or deprecated in Windows 10 Fall Creators Update|url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4034825/features-that-are-removed-or-deprecated-in-windows-10-fall-creators-up|website=Support|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|date=October 17, 2017 |edition=28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aka.ms/AA8e7f0|title = Windows Insider Program}}</ref> |
! scope="row" | [[ReFS]] support<ref>{{cite web|title=Features that are removed or deprecated in Windows 10 Fall Creators Update|url=https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4034825/features-that-are-removed-or-deprecated-in-windows-10-fall-creators-up|website=Support|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|date=October 17, 2017 |edition=28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aka.ms/AA8e7f0|title = Windows Insider Program}}</ref> |
||
| colspan="5" {{partial2| |
| colspan="5" {{partial2|Non-creatable, since v1709}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aka.ms/AA8ho6o|title = Windows Insider Program}}</ref> |
||
| colspan="2" {{Yes}} |
| colspan="2" {{Yes}} |
||
| Line 240: | Line 248: | ||
! scope="row" | [[Windows Subsystem for Linux]] |
! scope="row" | [[Windows Subsystem for Linux]] |
||
| colspan="2" {{Partial|[[64-bit]] [[Stock keeping unit|SKU]]s only}} |
| colspan="2" {{Partial|[[64-bit]] [[Stock keeping unit|SKU]]s only}} |
||
| colspan="5" {{Partial2|[[64-bit]] SKUs only since |
| colspan="5" {{Partial2|[[64-bit]] SKUs only since v1607}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| Line 285: | Line 293: | ||
! scope="row" | Enterprise data protection |
! scope="row" | Enterprise data protection |
||
| colspan="2" {{no}} |
| colspan="2" {{no}} |
||
| colspan="5" {{yes}} |
| colspan="5" {{yes}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| Line 326: | Line 334: | ||
| colspan="5" {{no}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aka.ms/AA8d467|title = Windows Insider Program}}</ref> || colspan="2" {{yes}} |
| colspan="5" {{no}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aka.ms/AA8d467|title = Windows Insider Program}}</ref> || colspan="2" {{yes}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row" | Remote Direct Memory Access |
! scope="row" | SMB Direct ([[Server Message Block|SMB]] over Remote Direct Memory Access [RDMA]) |
||
| colspan="2" {{no}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aka.ms/AA8fbin|title = Windows Insider Program}}</ref> || colspan="2" {{ |
| colspan="2" {{no}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aka.ms/AA8fbin|title = Windows Insider Program}}</ref> || colspan="2" {{partial2|Client only, since v22H2{{efn|SMB Direct (SMB over Remote Direct Memory Access [RDMA]) is available in cleanly installed Windows 10 Pro 22H2 or later and absent if the operating system has been upgraded from versions prior to 22H2. SMB Direct server capability is absent from all editions of Windows 10, regardless of version.}}}}<ref name="smb-direct">{{Cite web|url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/storage/file-server/smb-direct?tabs=disable#requirements |title=Improve performance of a file server with SMB Direct |date=3 August 2023 |website=Microsoft Learn |publisher=Microsoft |access-date=27 June 2024}}</ref><ref name="tuxera-rdma-supported-versions-of-windows-10-11">{{Cite web |url=https://docs.tuxera.com/docs/how-to-articles/rdma-supported-versions-of-windows-10-11/ |title=RDMA Supported Versions of Windows 10/11 |date=n.d. |website=Tuxera Documentation |publisher=Tuxera |access-date=27 June 2024}}</ref> || colspan="3" {{partial|Client only}}<ref name="smb-direct"/><ref name="tuxera-rdma-supported-versions-of-windows-10-11"/> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row" |[[AppLocker]] |
! scope="row" |[[AppLocker]] |
||
| Line 374: | Line 382: | ||
! scope="row" |[[Windows To Go]]{{efn|On Windows 10 Pro, a Control Panel applet corresponding to this feature appears, but a Windows 10 Enterprise or Education image is still needed.<ref name="BtG-Thurrot" /><ref name="BtG-FAQ" />}} |
! scope="row" |[[Windows To Go]]{{efn|On Windows 10 Pro, a Control Panel applet corresponding to this feature appears, but a Windows 10 Enterprise or Education image is still needed.<ref name="BtG-Thurrot" /><ref name="BtG-FAQ" />}} |
||
| colspan="2" {{no}} |
| colspan="2" {{no}} |
||
| colspan="5" {{no2|No, since |
| colspan="5" {{no2|No, since v2004}} |
||
|- class="sort-bottom |
|- class="sort-bottom" |
||
! scope="col" | Features |
! scope="col" | Features |
||
! scope="col" | Home Single Language |
! scope="col" | Home Single Language |
||
| Line 420: | Line 428: | ||
=== Transition paths === |
=== Transition paths === |
||
The following table summarizes possible transition paths (upgrade, downgrade, or migration) that can be taken, provided that proper licenses are purchased. |
The following table summarizes possible transition paths (upgrade, downgrade, or migration) that can be taken, provided that proper licenses are purchased. |
||
Windows RT does not appear in this table because it cannot be upgraded to Windows 10. |
Windows RT does not appear in this table because it cannot be upgraded to Windows 10. |
||
| Line 426: | Line 434: | ||
On September 28, 2023, Microsoft disabled the free upgrade path to Windows 10 from Windows 7 or 8.x, although upgrades from Windows 10 to 11 are still supported.<ref name="win7_8upgrade_removed">{{cite web |title=Windows Ends Installation Path for Free Windows 7/8 Upgrade |url=https://devicepartner.microsoft.com/en-us/communications/comm-windows-ends-installation-path-for-free-windows-7-8-upgrade |website=Microsoft |access-date=29 September 2023}}</ref><ref name="win7_8_upgrade_news">{{cite news |last1=Tyson |first1=Mark |title=Microsoft Says the Days of Free Windows 7 to 10 or 11 Updates Are Over |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/microsoft-says-the-days-of-free-windows-7-to-10-or-11-updates-are-over |access-date=29 September 2023 |work=Tom's Hardware |date=September 29, 2023}}</ref> |
On September 28, 2023, Microsoft disabled the free upgrade path to Windows 10 from Windows 7 or 8.x, although upgrades from Windows 10 to 11 are still supported.<ref name="win7_8upgrade_removed">{{cite web |title=Windows Ends Installation Path for Free Windows 7/8 Upgrade |url=https://devicepartner.microsoft.com/en-us/communications/comm-windows-ends-installation-path-for-free-windows-7-8-upgrade |website=Microsoft |access-date=29 September 2023}}</ref><ref name="win7_8_upgrade_news">{{cite news |last1=Tyson |first1=Mark |title=Microsoft Says the Days of Free Windows 7 to 10 or 11 Updates Are Over |url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/microsoft-says-the-days-of-free-windows-7-to-10-or-11-updates-are-over |access-date=29 September 2023 |work=Tom's Hardware |date=September 29, 2023}}</ref> |
||
{{sticky header}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
|+ Guide |
|+ Guide |
||
! Transition path !! Meaning |
! scope="col" | Transition path !! scope="col" | Meaning |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| {{Yes|Upgrade}} || Constitutes replacing the OS while preserving apps, their settings, and user data |
| {{Yes|Upgrade}} || Constitutes replacing the OS while preserving apps, their settings, and user data |
||
| Line 441: | Line 450: | ||
|} |
|} |
||
{{sticky header}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
|+ Supported transition targets<ref>{{cite web|last1=Lindsay|first1=Greg|last2=Lich|first2=Brian|title=Windows 10 upgrade paths|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/upgrade/windows-10-upgrade-paths|website=Microsoft Docs|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|date=April 5, 2017}}</ref> |
|+ Supported transition targets<ref>{{cite web|last1=Lindsay|first1=Greg|last2=Lich|first2=Brian|title=Windows 10 upgrade paths|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/upgrade/windows-10-upgrade-paths|website=Microsoft Docs|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|date=April 5, 2017}}</ref> |
||
! scope="col" rowspan="2" |Windows<br/>version |
! scope="col" rowspan="2" |Windows<br/>version |
||
! scope="col" rowspan="2" |Windows<br/>edition |
! scope="col" rowspan="2" class="unsortable" |Windows<br/>edition |
||
! colspan="7" scope=" |
! colspan="7" scope="colgroup" |Transition target |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="col" |Windows<br/>10 Home |
! scope="col" |Windows<br/>10 Home |
||
| Line 455: | Line 465: | ||
! scope="col" |Windows 10<br/>Mobile |
! scope="col" |Windows 10<br/>Mobile |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope=" |
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="1" |'''Windows XP or earlier''' |
||
! scope="row"|All versions |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
|- |
|||
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="1" |'''Windows Vista''' |
|||
! scope="row"|All versions |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
|- |
|||
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="6" |'''Windows 7''' |
|||
! scope="row"|Starter |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Home Basic |
|||
|{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Home Premium |
|||
|{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Professional |
|||
|{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Ultimate |
|||
|{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Enterprise |
|||
|{{No2|Migration}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope=" |
! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="8" |'''Windows 8.1''' |
||
! scope="row"|(Core) |
|||
|{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|with Bing |
|||
|{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Pro |
|||
|{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Pro for Students |
! scope="row"|Pro for Students |
||
|{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Pro with Media Center |
! scope="row"|Pro with Media Center |
||
|{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Enterprise |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Windows Embedded Industry|Embedded Industry]] |
! scope="row"|[[Windows Embedded Industry|Embedded Industry]] |
||
|{{No2|Migration}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Phone 8.1 |
|||
|{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan="7" scope=" |
! rowspan="7" scope="rowgroup" |'''Windows 10''' |
||
! scope="row"|Home |
|||
|{{Yes2|Repair}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Pro |
|||
|{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Yes2|Repair}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Pro for Workstations |
! scope="row"|Pro for Workstations |
||
|{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Yes2|Repair}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Pro Education |
|||
|{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes|Upgrade}}||{{Yes2|Repair}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Education |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Enterprise |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
|{{No2|Migration}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{No2|Migration}}||{{Partial|Downgrade}}||{{Yes2|Repair}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Mobile |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
|{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{No|None}}||{{No|None}} |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
| Line 519: | Line 558: | ||
=== General Availability Channel === |
=== General Availability Channel === |
||
Since 2022, the General Availability Channel (GAC) distributes feature updates annually. To receive these updates, users must either request them manually or wait for their version of Windows 10 to go out of support. |
Since 2022, the General Availability Channel (GAC) distributes feature updates annually. To receive these updates, users must either request them manually or wait for their version of Windows 10 to go out of support. |
||
Originally, however, Microsoft distributed feature updates through two distinct channels:<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/current-branch|title = Current Branch|publisher= PC Mag}}</ref> |
Originally, however, Microsoft distributed feature updates through two distinct channels:<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/current-branch|title = Current Branch|publisher= PC Mag}}</ref> |
||
| Line 535: | Line 574: | ||
* No feature updates from Windows Update |
* No feature updates from Windows Update |
||
Microsoft discourages the use of LTSC editions outside of "special-purpose devices" that perform a fixed function and thus do not require new user experience features. As a result, these editions do not come with Microsoft Store, most Cortana features, and most bundled apps.<ref name="ms-serviceoverview" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> LTSC was originally called the "Long-Term Servicing Branch" (LTSB) until 2016.<ref name=":3" /> |
Microsoft discourages the use of LTSC editions outside of "special-purpose devices" that perform a fixed function and thus do not require new user experience features. As a result, these editions do not come with Microsoft Store, most Cortana features, and most bundled apps.<ref name="ms-serviceoverview" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> LTSC was originally called the "Long-Term Servicing Branch" (LTSB) until 2016.<ref name=":3" /> Later, LTSC editions are included in [[Windows 11]]. |
||
== See also == |
== See also == |
||
* [[Windows Server 2016]], based on [[Windows 10]] version 1607<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.neowin.net/news/windows-server-2019-and-windows-server-version-1809-will-be-generally-available-in-october/ |title = Windows Server 2019 and Windows Server, version 1809 will be generally available in October |last=Woods |first=Rich |date=24 September 2018 |website=Neowin}}</ref> |
* [[Windows Server 2016]], based on [[Windows 10]] version 1607<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.neowin.net/news/windows-server-2019-and-windows-server-version-1809-will-be-generally-available-in-october/ |title = Windows Server 2019 and Windows Server, version 1809 will be generally available in October |last=Woods |first=Rich |date=24 September 2018 |website=Neowin}}</ref> |
||
* [[Windows Server 2019]], based on Windows 10 version 1809 |
* [[Windows Server 2019]], based on Windows 10 version 1809 |
||
* [[Windows Server 2022]], based on a modified version of Windows 10 version 21H2 |
|||
* [[Xbox system software]], an operating system now based on the Windows 10 core, designed to run on consoles |
* [[Xbox system software]], an operating system now based on the Windows 10 core, designed to run on consoles |
||
* [[Windows 10 version history]] |
* [[Windows 10 version history]] |
||
== Notes == |
== Notes == |
||
{{ |
{{Notelist|refs= |
||
{{efn|name=FourGBLimit|32-bit architectures like IA-32 and ARM32 have a memory addressing limitation of four gigabytes. In practice, less than 4 GB of memory is addressable as the 4 GB space also includes the memory mapped peripherals.}} |
{{efn|name=FourGBLimit|32-bit architectures like IA-32 and ARM32 have a memory addressing limitation of four gigabytes. In practice, less than 4 GB of memory is addressable as the 4 GB space also includes the memory mapped peripherals.}} |
||
{{efn|name=AbsentFrom1803|This feature was missing from Windows 10 version 1803, but not the prior or next versions.}} |
{{efn|name=AbsentFrom1803|This feature was missing from Windows 10 version 1803, but not the prior or next versions.}} |
||
Latest revision as of 04:54, 17 December 2024
| Part of a series of articles on |
| Windows 10 |
|---|
 |
| Siblings |
| Related |
Windows 10 has several editions, all with varying feature sets, use cases, or intended devices. Certain editions are distributed only on devices directly from an original equipment manufacturer (OEM), while editions such as Enterprise and Education are only available through volume licensing channels. Microsoft also makes editions of Windows 10 available to device manufacturers for use on specific classes of devices, including IoT devices, and previously marketed Windows 10 Mobile for smartphones.
Base editions
[edit]Baseline editions are the only editions available as standalone purchases in retail outlets. PCs often come pre-installed with one of these editions.
- Home
- Windows 10 Home is designed for use in PCs, tablets and 2-in-1 PCs. It includes all features directed at consumers.[1][2][3]
- Pro
- Windows 10 Pro includes all features of Windows 10 Home, with additional capabilities that are oriented towards professionals and business environments, such as Active Directory, Remote Desktop, BitLocker, Hyper-V, and Windows Defender Device Guard.[1][2][3]
- Pro for Workstations
- Windows 10 Pro for Workstations is designed for high-end hardware for intensive computing tasks and supports Intel Xeon, AMD Opteron and the latest AMD Epyc processors; up to 4 CPUs; up to 256 cores; up to 6 TB RAM; the ReFS file system; Non-Volatile Dual In-line Memory Module (NVDIMM); and remote direct memory access (RDMA).[4][5][6]
Organizational editions
[edit]These editions add features to facilitate centralized control of many installations of the OS within an organization. The main avenue of acquiring them is a volume licensing contract with Microsoft.
- Education
- Windows 10 Education is distributed through Academic Volume Licensing. It was based on Windows 10 Enterprise and initially reported to have the same feature set.[1][2][3] As of version 1709, however, this edition has fewer features. See § Comparison chart for details.
- Pro Education
- This edition was introduced in July 2016 for hardware partners on new devices purchased with the discounted K–12 academic license. It was based on the Pro edition of Windows 10 and contains mostly the same features as Windows 10 Pro with different options disabled by default, and adds options for setup and deployment in an education environment. It also features a "Set Up School PCs" app that allows provisioning of settings using a USB flash drive, and does not include Cortana, Microsoft Store suggestions, Windows Sandbox, or Windows Spotlight.[7][8][9]
- Enterprise
- Windows 10 Enterprise provides all the features of Windows 10 Pro for Workstations, with additional features to assist with IT-based organizations.[1][2][3] Windows 10 Enterprise is configurable on two servicing channels, Semi-Annual Channel and Windows Insider Program.[10]
- Enterprise LTSC
- Enterprise LTSC (Long-Term Servicing Channel) is a long-term support variant of Windows 10 Enterprise, released every 2 to 3 years. Each release is supported with security updates for either 5 or 10 years after its release, and intentionally receives no feature updates.[11] Some features, including the Microsoft Store and bundled apps, are not included in this edition.[12][1][3] This edition was first released as Windows 10 Enterprise LTSB (Long-Term Servicing Branch).[13] There are currently 4 releases of LTSC: one in 2015 (RTM), one in 2016 (version 1607), one in 2018 (labeled as 2019, version 1809), and one in 2021 (version 21H2).[14][15]
Multi-session
[edit]- Enterprise multi-session
- Windows 10 Enterprise multi-session, a multi-session variant of Enterprise edition, included with Azure Virtual Desktop, allows multiple concurrent interactive sessions. Previously, only Windows Server could do this. A cloud-based alternative to an on-premise Remote Desktop Server (RDS). AVD is deployed in Azure Cloud as a virtual machine. License costs are already included in several Microsoft 365 subscriptions, including Microsoft 365 Business Premium or Microsoft 365 E3.
S mode
[edit]Since 2018, OEMs can ship Windows 10 Home and Pro in a feature-limited variation named S mode which evolved from the discontinued Windows 10 S. Organizations employing Windows 10 Enterprise or Windows 10 Education can make use of S mode too.[16] S mode is a feature-limited edition of Windows 10 designed primarily for low-end devices in the education market. It has a faster initial setup and login process, and allows devices to be provisioned using a USB drive with the "Set Up School PCs" app.
Changes
[edit]With the exception of the Microsoft Teams desktop client which was made available for S mode in April 2019,[citation needed] the installation of software (both Universal Windows Platform (UWP) and Windows API apps) is only possible through the Microsoft Store, and built-in and Microsoft Store-obtained command line programs or shells cannot be run in this mode.[17][18][19][20] System settings are locked to allow only Microsoft Edge as the default web browser with Bing as its search engine.[21] The operating system may be switched out of S mode using the Microsoft Store for free. However, once S Mode is turned off, it cannot be re-enabled.[22][23] All Windows 10 devices in S mode include a free one-year subscription to Minecraft: Education Edition.[citation needed] Critics have compared the edition to Windows RT, and have considered it to be an alternative to ChromeOS.[22][24][25][26][27]
Device-specific editions
[edit]
These editions are licensed to OEMs only, and are primarily obtained via the purchase of hardware that includes it:
- Holographic
- A specific edition used by Microsoft's HoloLens mixed reality smartglasses.[28][29]
- Team
- A specific edition used by Microsoft's Surface Hub interactive whiteboard.[30]
IoT editions
[edit]Rebranded from Microsoft's earlier operating system editions in the Windows Embedded family. Binary identical to their non-IoT counterparts with version 1809 and older,[31] while newer versions add support for smaller storage devices.[32][33] Available via OEMs and volume licensing for specific versions.[34]
- IoT Enterprise
- Intended specifically for use in small footprint, low-cost devices and IoT scenarios.[35][36]
- IoT Enterprise LTSC
- Long-Term Servicing Channel variant. Replaces all IoT Core edition variants starting with the 2021 release.[37][38] Furthermore, the 2021 release gains an extra 5 years of support compared to its non-IoT counterpart[39] and is available via volume licensing for the first time.[34]
Discontinued editions
[edit]The following editions of Windows 10 were discontinued (as of Windows 10 version 21H2). For both Mobile and Mobile Enterprise, Microsoft confirmed it was exiting the consumer mobile devices market, so no successor product is available.[40]
- Mobile
- Windows 10 Mobile was designed for smartphones and small tablets. It included all basic consumer features, including Continuum capability. It was the de facto successor of Windows Phone 8.1 and Windows RT.[1][2]
- Mobile Enterprise
- Windows 10 Mobile Enterprise provided all of the features in Windows 10 Mobile, with additional features to assist IT-based organizations, in a manner similar to Windows 10 Enterprise, but optimized for mobile devices.[1][2]
- IoT Mobile
- A binary equivalent of Windows 10 Mobile Enterprise licensed for IoT applications. Also known as IoT Mobile Enterprise.[41][42]
- IoT Core/IoT Core LTSC
- Windows 10 IoT Core was optimized for smaller and lower-cost industry devices. It was also formerly provided free of charge for use in devices like the Raspberry Pi for hobbyist use. Only UWP apps are supported, and only one at a time at that.[38] Discontinued after version 1809. Support ended on 10 November 2020 for non-LTSC,[43] while IoT Core LTSC (2019/version 1809) support will continue until 9 January 2029.[44][45] Merged into and replaced by IoT Enterprise LTSC starting with the 2021/version 21H2 release.[37][38]
- S
- Windows 10 S was an edition released in 2017 which ultimately evolved into the so-called S mode of Windows 10. In March 2018, Microsoft announced that it would be phasing out Windows 10 S, citing confusion among manufacturers and end-users.[46][47]
- Polaris
- Polaris was used for desktops and laptops; only one build leaked in 2021. It was known as "Windows OneCore 10" in the Windows Boot Manager.[citation needed]
- Lean
- Lean was meant to be used for cheaper desktops and laptops with a small storage capacity and resources, it could fit even on a 16gb hard drive; only one build was released in 2018, the setup identifies the edition as "Windows 10 Lean".[48]
- Andromeda
- Andromeda was demonstrated on the Lumia 950.[49] The project was canceled for unknown reasons.
- 10X
- Originally announced for use on dual-screen devices such as the Surface Neo and other potential form factors, 10X featured a modified user interface designed around context specific interactions or "postures" on such devices, including a redesigned Start menu with no tiles, and use of container technology to run Win32 software.[50][51] The platform was described as a more direct competitor to ChromeOS.[52][53] On May 4, 2020, Microsoft announced that Windows 10X would first be used on single-screen devices, and that they would "continue to look for the right moment, in conjunction with our OEM partners, to bring dual-screen devices to market".[54] Microsoft also added anti-theft protection to Windows 10X, just like how Apple's Activation Lock and anti-theft protection on Android devices and Chromebooks work.[55] On May 18, 2021, Head of Windows Servicing and Delivery John Cable stated that Windows 10X had been cancelled, and that its foundational technologies would be leveraged for future Microsoft products.[56] Several design changes in 10X, notably the centered taskbar and redesigned start menu, would be later introduced in Windows 11.[57]
Regional variations
[edit]- N/KN
- As with previous versions of Windows since Windows XP, all Windows 10 editions for PC hardware have "N" and "KN" variations in Europe and South Korea that exclude multimedia functionality, in compliance with antitrust rulings.[58] According to details that Microsoft has published, any app that relies on Microsoft multimedia technologies experiences impaired functionality on these editions, unable to even play audio notification tones.[59] Restoring the missing functionality to these editions entails installing the "Media Feature Pack", followed by Skype, Movies & TV, Windows Media Player, Xbox Game Bar, Windows Voice Recorder, and four codecs.[59] The variation cannot be changed without a clean install, and keys for one variation will not work on other variations.
- Home with Bing
- As with Windows 8.1, a reduced-price "Windows 10 with Bing" SKU is available to OEMs; it is subsidized by having Microsoft's Bing search engine set as default, which cannot be changed to a different search engine by OEMs. It is intended primarily for low-cost devices, and is otherwise identical to Windows 10 Home.[60][61]
- Home Single Language
- In some emerging markets,[citation needed] OEMs preinstall a variation of Windows 10 Home called Single Language without the ability to switch the display language. To change the display language, the user will need to upgrade to the standard editions of Windows 10 Home or Windows 10 Pro. It is otherwise identical to Windows 10 Home. However, it should not be confused with the standard OEM editions of Windows 10, where OEMs and mobile operators can restrict which display languages are preloaded and/or made available for download and installation for their target markets.
- CMIT Government Edition
- In May 2017, it was reported that Microsoft, as part of its partnership with China Electronics Technology Group, created a specially-modified variant of Windows 10 Enterprise ("G") designed for use within branches of the Chinese government. This variant is pre-configured to "remove features that are not needed by Chinese government employees", and allow the use of its internal encryption algorithms.[62][63]
- OEM variants (PC and Mobile)
- As with Windows 10 Mobile and previous versions of Windows since Windows Phone 7 for smartphones and Windows 8 for PCs (since its mobile counterpart shares the same Windows NT kernel), device manufacturers (as well as mobile operators for devices with cellular capabilities) who preload Windows 10 can choose not to support certain display languages either during the OOBE process or available as optional downloads via Settings and/or the Microsoft Store based on the target market. For optional downloads, in the first scenario, the option to download the language pack (and any associated supplementary fonts) will not be available; in the second scenario, the installation will be blocked with the message "This app is not compatible with this device," where the "app" in question is a language pack from the Microsoft Store. Unlike Windows 10 Home Single Language, device manufacturers and mobile operators can support one, some, or even all of the display languages available (though many devices that do not run Single Language editions of Windows will likely support multiple display languages). OEM editions are otherwise identical to their retail counterparts without any other feature restrictions.
Comparison chart
[edit]| Item | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Yes | Feature is present in the given edition |
| Yes, since [update] | Feature is present in the given edition after installing a certain update |
| No | Feature is absent from the given edition |
| No, since [update] | Feature is absent from the given edition after installing a certain update (It might have been fully or partly present prior to that update) |
| [Explanation] | Feature is partly present in the given edition |
| [Explanation], since [update] | Feature is partly present in the given edition, after installing a certain update (It might have been fully present prior to that update, or not present at all) |
| Features | Home Single Language | Home | Pro | Pro (Education) | Education | Pro for Workstations | Enterprise | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Architecture | IA-32, x86-64, ARM64 (since v1709) | |||||||
| Availability | OEM licensing | OEM, Retail |
OEM, Retail, Volume licensing |
Academic Volume Licensing |
Volume licensing | OEM, Retail, Volume licensing |
Volume licensing | |
| Has N or KN variants? | No | Yes | ||||||
| Maximum physical memory (RAM) | 128 GB[a] | 2 TB (2048 GB)[a] | 6 TB (6144 GB)[a] | |||||
| Maximum CPU sockets[69][70] | 1 | 2 | 4 | |||||
| Maximum CPU cores[b] | 32 logical cores on IA-32 1280 logical cores (20 groups of 64 logical processors) on x86-64 | |||||||
| Minimum telemetry level[c][74] | Required data only | Diagnostic data off | Required data only | Diagnostic data off | ||||
| Continuum [75] | Yes | |||||||
| Family Safety and Parental Controls | Yes[76] | |||||||
| Cortana[d] | Yes | Yes, disabled by default | Yes, since v1703 | Yes | ||||
| Device encryption[66] | Requires TPM[e] | Yes[f] | ||||||
| Microsoft Edge | Yes | |||||||
| Multiple language pack support | No | Depends on OEM, region, and carrier[g] | Yes | Depends on OEM, region, and carrier[g] | Yes | |||
| Mobile device management | Yes | |||||||
| Side-loading of line of business apps | Yes | |||||||
| Virtual desktops | Yes | |||||||
| Windows Hello[h] | Yes | |||||||
| Can pause updates? | Yes, since v1903 | Yes | ||||||
| Windows Spotlight | Yes | |||||||
| Microsoft Store suggestions[8][9] | Yes | Yes, disabled by default | Yes | |||||
| Remote Desktop | Client only | Client and host | ||||||
| Remote App | Client only | Client and host | Client only | Client and host | ||||
| ReFS support[77][78] | Non-creatable, since v1709[79] | Yes | ||||||
| Windows Subsystem for Linux | 64-bit SKUs only | 64-bit SKUs only since v1607 | ||||||
| Windows Sandbox | No | 64-bit only | ||||||
| Hyper-V | No | 64-bit SKUs only | ||||||
| Assigned Access 8.1 | No | Yes | ||||||
| BitLocker[65] | No | Yes | ||||||
| Business Store | No | Yes | ||||||
| Conditional Access | No | Yes | ||||||
| Device Guard | No | Yes | ||||||
| Encrypting File System | No | Yes | ||||||
| Enterprise data protection | No | Yes | ||||||
| Enterprise Mode Internet Explorer (EMIE) | No | Yes | ||||||
| Joining a domain and Group Policy management | No | Yes | ||||||
| Joining a Microsoft Azure Active Directory | No | Yes | ||||||
| Private catalog | No | Yes | ||||||
| Windows Analytics | No | Yes | ||||||
| Windows Information Protection | No | Yes | ||||||
| Windows Update for Business | No | Yes | ||||||
| NVDIMM support | No[80] | Yes | ||||||
| SMB Direct (SMB over Remote Direct Memory Access [RDMA]) | No[81] | Client only, since v22H2[i][82][83] | Client only[82][83] | |||||
| AppLocker | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
| BranchCache | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
| Credential Guard (Pass the hash mitigations) | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
| Microsoft App-V | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
| Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack (MDOP) | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
| Microsoft UE-V | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
| Start screen control with Group Policy | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
| User experience control and lockdown | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
| Unified Write Filter (UWF) | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
| DirectAccess[84] | No | Yes[85] | No | Yes | ||||
| Long-term servicing option available (LTSC) | No | Yes | ||||||
| Windows To Go[j] | No | No, since v2004 | ||||||
| Features | Home Single Language | Home | Pro | Pro (Education) | Education | Pro for Workstations | Enterprise | |
Microsoft OEM licensing formula takes display size, RAM capacity and storage capacity into account. In mid-2015, devices with 4 GB RAM were expected to be $20 more expensive than devices with 2 GB RAM.[88]
Upgrade path
[edit]Free upgrade
[edit]At the time of launch, Microsoft deemed Windows 7 (with Service Pack 1) and Windows 8.1 users eligible to upgrade to Windows 10 free of charge, so long as the upgrade took place within one year of Windows 10's initial release date. Windows RT and the respective Enterprise editions of Windows 7, 8, and 8.1 were excluded from this offer.[89]
| Windows version and edition | Windows 10 edition |
|---|---|
| Windows 7 Starter SP1 | Home |
| Windows 7 Home Basic SP1 | |
| Windows 7 Home Premium SP1 | |
| Windows 8.1 with Bing | |
| Windows 8.1 | |
| Windows 7 Professional SP1 | Pro |
| Windows 7 Ultimate SP1 | |
| Windows 8.1 Pro | |
| Windows Phone 8.1 | Mobile |
Transition paths
[edit]The following table summarizes possible transition paths (upgrade, downgrade, or migration) that can be taken, provided that proper licenses are purchased.
Windows RT does not appear in this table because it cannot be upgraded to Windows 10.
On September 28, 2023, Microsoft disabled the free upgrade path to Windows 10 from Windows 7 or 8.x, although upgrades from Windows 10 to 11 are still supported.[90][91]
| Transition path | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Upgrade | Constitutes replacing the OS while preserving apps, their settings, and user data |
| Repair | Constitutes fixing a damaged OS by "upgrading" from one edition to the same |
| Downgrade | Similar to upgrade, but deliberately removes some features |
| Migration | Constitutes replacing the operating system, reinstalling the apps, restoring their settings via backup, and safeguarding user data against accidental deletion. |
| None | It is impossible to replace the OS with the intended target because of platform incompatibility |
| Windows version |
Windows edition |
Transition target | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Windows 10 Home |
Windows 10 Pro |
Windows 10 Pro for Workstations |
Windows 10 Pro (Education) |
Windows 10 Education |
Windows 10 Enterprise |
Windows 10 Mobile | ||
| Windows XP or earlier | All versions | None | None | None | None | None | None | None |
| Windows Vista | All versions | Migration | Migration | Migration | Migration | Migration | Migration | None |
| Windows 7 | Starter | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Migration | None |
| Home Basic | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Migration | None | |
| Home Premium | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Migration | None | |
| Professional | Downgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | None | |
| Ultimate | Downgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | None | |
| Enterprise | Migration | Migration | Upgrade | Migration | Upgrade | Upgrade | None | |
| Windows 8.1 | (Core) | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Migration | None |
| with Bing | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Migration | None | |
| Pro | Downgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | None | |
| Pro for Students | Downgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | None | |
| Pro with Media Center | Downgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | None | |
| Enterprise | Migration | Migration | Migration | Migration | Upgrade | Upgrade | None | |
| Embedded Industry | Migration | Migration | Migration | Migration | Migration | Upgrade | None | |
| Phone 8.1 | None | None | None | None | None | None | Upgrade | |
| Windows 10 | Home | Repair | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | None |
| Pro | Downgrade | Repair | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | None | |
| Pro for Workstations | Downgrade | Downgrade | Repair | Upgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | None | |
| Pro Education | Downgrade | Upgrade | Upgrade | Repair | Migration | Migration | None | |
| Education | Migration | Migration | Migration | Migration | Repair | Upgrade | None | |
| Enterprise | Migration | Migration | Migration | Migration | Downgrade | Repair | None | |
| Mobile | None | None | None | None | None | None | None | |
Release channels
[edit]Microsoft releases minor versions of Windows 10 through the free feature updates.[12] Originally, Microsoft released feature updates semiannually. They contained new features as well as changes.[93] With the release of Windows 11, however, Microsoft has changed the release schedule to annual. These feature updates do not contain any noticeable changes.
The pace at which a system receives feature updates depends on the "release channel" (originally, "release branch") from which the system downloads its updates.[12]
Insider Channel
[edit]Windows Insider is a beta testing program that allows access to pre-release builds of Windows 10, enabling power users, developers, and vendors to test and provide feedback on future feature updates to Windows 10 as they are developed. Before the release of Windows 11, Windows Insider itself consisted of four "rings":
- The Dev channel (previously "Fast" ring) distributed new builds as they were released.
- The Beta channel (previously "Slow" ring) distributed new builds with a delay following their availability on the Fast ring.
- The "Release Preview" channel distributed release candidate builds.
- The now-closed "Skip Ahead" ring distributed builds of the next feature update while a current release was being finished.
After the release of Windows 11, only the "Release Preview" and "Beta" rings remains active.
General Availability Channel
[edit]Since 2022, the General Availability Channel (GAC) distributes feature updates annually. To receive these updates, users must either request them manually or wait for their version of Windows 10 to go out of support.
Originally, however, Microsoft distributed feature updates through two distinct channels:[94]
- The "Current Branch" (CB) distributed all feature updates as they graduated from the Windows Insider program. Microsoft only supported the latest build. Windows would automatically install the latest feature update from CB. Users could defer the CB feature update for up to 365 days.[95][96][97][98] Microsoft renamed CB to "Semi-Annual Channel (Targeted)" in version 1709.
- The "Current Branch for Business" (CBB), which was not available in the Home edition, distributed feature updates with a four-month delay. This allowed customers and vendors to evaluate and perform additional testing on new builds before broader deployments. Devices could be switched back to the Current Branch at any time.[12][99] Microsoft renamed CBB to "Semi-Annual Channel" in version 1709.
Since version 1903, Microsoft dismantled the two-channel scheme in favor of a unified "Semi-Annual Channel" (SAC). Microsoft supports each SAC version of Windows for 30 months. Windows no longer installs new feature updates automatically before the expiry of the 30-months support period. With the release of Windows 11, Microsoft changed the release schedule to annual, and change the channel's name to "General Availability Channel" (GAC).
Long-Term Servicing Channel
[edit]LTSC exclusively distributes the "Enterprise LTSC", "IoT Core", and "IoT Enterprise LTSC" editions of Windows 10. Microsoft releases a new minor version of these editions every 2–3 years. LTSC builds adhere to Microsoft's traditional support policy which was in effect before Windows 10, including:
- Five years of mainstream support
- Critical and security updates for ten years after their release (excludes non-IoT editions version 2021 and newer)[100]
- No feature updates from Windows Update
Microsoft discourages the use of LTSC editions outside of "special-purpose devices" that perform a fixed function and thus do not require new user experience features. As a result, these editions do not come with Microsoft Store, most Cortana features, and most bundled apps.[12][1][3] LTSC was originally called the "Long-Term Servicing Branch" (LTSB) until 2016.[13] Later, LTSC editions are included in Windows 11.
See also
[edit]- Windows Server 2016, based on Windows 10 version 1607[101]
- Windows Server 2019, based on Windows 10 version 1809
- Windows Server 2022, based on a modified version of Windows 10 version 21H2
- Xbox system software, an operating system now based on the Windows 10 core, designed to run on consoles
- Windows 10 version history
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c 32-bit architectures like IA-32 and ARM32 have a memory addressing limitation of four gigabytes. In practice, less than 4 GB of memory is addressable as the 4 GB space also includes the memory mapped peripherals.
- ^ Windows 10 utilises processor groups on x86-64 to manage processor affinity and scheduling. The Windows 10 kernel has a hard-coded limit of 20 processor groups, and each processor group can contain up to 64 logical processors. A logical processor is either a physical or SMT core. Processor groups are allocated based on the NUMA topology of the system. One processor group cannot span multiple sockets or NUMA nodes. Processor groups are not available on IA-32; 32-bit builds instead use an older affinity mask implementation with a limit of 32 logical processors. The limit of 20 processor groups does not change between Windows 10 editions. There is no specific limit on the number of physical cores that can be used on Windows 10, unlike Windows Server where physical cores must be additionally licensed.[69][71][72][73]
- ^ There are three (previously four) telemetry levels, in the order of magnitude: Diagnostic data off (Security), Required (Basic), and Optional (Full). The higher the level, the more information that is sent to Microsoft. Previous Windows 10 versions had a level between Required and Optional, and the older names for the levels are shown in the parenthesis.
- ^ Cortana is available only in certain markets. Experience may vary by region and device.
- ^ The only device-encryption feature that is available in Windows 10 Home requires Trusted Platform Module version 2.0.[67]
- ^ BitLocker is available and can be used in the absence of Trusted Platform Module.[67]
- ^ a b This feature was missing from Windows 10 version 1803, but not the prior or next versions.
- ^ Windows Hello requires specialized hardware, such as a fingerprint reader, illuminated IR sensor or other biometric sensor.
- ^ SMB Direct (SMB over Remote Direct Memory Access [RDMA]) is available in cleanly installed Windows 10 Pro 22H2 or later and absent if the operating system has been upgraded from versions prior to 22H2. SMB Direct server capability is absent from all editions of Windows 10, regardless of version.
- ^ On Windows 10 Pro, a Control Panel applet corresponding to this feature appears, but a Windows 10 Enterprise or Education image is still needed.[86][87]
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How can Windows To Go be deployed in an organization? [~snip~] A Windows 10 Enterprise or Windows 10 Education image
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| Windows NT |
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| Specialized | |||||||
| Windows Embedded / Windows IoT |
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| Cancelled | |||||||
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