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{{short description|Reddish-brown color}}
{{redirect|800000|the number|800,000}}
{{redirect|800000|the number|800,000}}
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{{short description|Color}}
{{Other uses|Maroon (disambiguation)}}
{{Other uses|Maroon (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox color
{{Infobox color
|title=Maroon
|title=Maroon
| image={{photomontage
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|hex=800000
| photo1a=Wine colour leaf.jpg
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|source=[[Web colors#HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]<ref name="css3-color">{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4|title=CSS Color Module Level 3|work=w3.org|date=19 June 2018}}</ref>
| photo2a=Maroon Lily (2723940986).jpg
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|isccname=Deep reddish brown
| photo3a=Brown car, avenue du Général-Détrie, Paris 7 May 2012.jpg
| photo1b=とん勝さんど (3903909928).jpg
| photo2b=Iraqi Maroon Beret.jpg
| photo3b=Walvis Bay (2002) 05.jpg
| size = 243
| foot_montage = }}
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|hex=800000
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|source=[[Web colors#HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]<ref name="css3-color">{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4|title=CSS Color Module Level 3|work=w3.org|date=19 June 2018}}</ref>
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|isccname=Deep reddish brown
|cmyk=(0, 100, 100, 50)}}
|cmyk=(0, 100, 100, 50)}}


'''Maroon''' ([[American English|US]]/[[British English|UK]] {{IPAc-en|m|ə|'|r|uː|n}} {{respell|mə|ROON|'}},<ref>{{cite web|title=maroon (Random House (US) & Collins (UK) dictionaries)|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/maroon|website=Dictionary.com|access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref> [[Australian English|Australia]] {{IPAc-en|m|ə|'|r|oʊ|n}} {{respell|mə|ROHN|'}}<ref>''[[Australian Oxford Dictionary|Australian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition]]'' (2004). Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-19-551796-5}}</ref>) is a [[brownish]] [[crimson]] color that takes its name from the [[French language|French]] word {{lang|fr|marron}}, or [[chestnut]].<ref>Cambridge English Dictionary on-line; "maroon is red!!!"; ''Webster's New World Dictionary of American English'', 3rd College Edition, (1988). "A dark brown". ''Random House College Dictionary'' (1975), "a dark brownish".</ref> "Marron" is also one of the French translations for "brown".
'''Maroon''' ([[American English|US]]/[[British English|UK]] {{IPAc-en|m|ə|'|r|uː|n}} {{respell|mə|ROON|'}},<ref>{{cite web |title=maroon |publisher=[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary|Random House]] (US) and [[Collins English Dictionary|Collins]] (UK) dictionaries |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/maroon |via=[[Dictionary.com]] |access-date=28 February 2015}}</ref> [[Australian English|Australia]] {{IPAc-en|m|ə|'|r|oʊ|n}} {{respell|mə|ROHN|'}}<ref>''[[Australian Oxford Dictionary|Australian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition]]'' (2004). [[Oxford University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-19-551796-5}}</ref>) is a [[brown]]ish [[crimson]] color that takes its name from the [[French language|French]] word {{wikt-lang|fr|marron}}, meaning [[chestnut]].<ref># [[Cambridge Advanced Learner‘s Dictionary|Cambridge English Dictionary]] (online). "maroon is red!!!".
# ''Webster's New World Dictionary of American English'', 3rd College Edition, (1988). "A dark brown".
# ''Random House College Dictionary'' (1975). "a dark brownish".
</ref> ''Marron'' is also one of the French translations for "brown".

Terms describing interchangeable shades, with overlapping [[RGB color model|RGB]] ranges, include [[burgundy (color)|burgundy]], [[Wine (color)#Claret|claret]], [[mulberry (color)|mulberry]], and crimson.


According to multiple dictionaries, there are variabilities in defining the color maroon. The ''Cambridge English Dictionary'' defines maroon as a dark reddish-purple color while its "American Dictionary" section defines maroon as dark brown-red. This suggests slight perceptual differences in the U.K. versus North America.<ref>Cambridge English Dictionary on-line</ref> Lexico online dictionary defines maroon as a brownish-red.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/maroon|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024211125/https://www.lexico.com/definition/maroon|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 24, 2020|title=MAROON &#124; Definition of MAROON by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of MAROON|website=Lexico Dictionaries &#124; English}}</ref> Similarly, Dictionary.com defines maroon as a dark brownish-red.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/maroon|title=Definition of maroon &#124; Dictionary.com|website=www.dictionary.com}}</ref> The ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'' describes maroon as "a brownish [[crimson]] (strong red) or [[Wine (color)#Claret|claret]] (purple color) color,"<ref>''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 5th edition, 1973.</ref> while the Merriam-Webster online dictionary simply defines it as a dark red.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/maroon|title = Definition of MAROON| date=8 November 2023 }}</ref>
Different dictionaries define maroon differently. The ''Cambridge English Dictionary'' defines maroon as a dark reddish-purple color while its "American Dictionary" section defines maroon as dark brown-red.<ref>{{cite Cambridge Dictionary|maroon}}</ref> Lexico online dictionary defines maroon as a brownish-red.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/maroon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024211125/https://www.lexico.com/definition/maroon |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 24, 2020 |title=MAROON &#124; Definition of MAROON by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of MAROON |website=Lexico Dictionaries &#124; English}}</ref> Similarly, [[Dictionary.com]] defines maroon as a dark brownish-red.<ref>{{cite Dictionary.com|maroon}}</ref> The ''[[Shorter Oxford English Dictionary]]'' describes maroon as "a brownish-[[crimson]] or [[Wine (color)#Claret|claret]] colour,"<ref>''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 1993 edition</ref> while the Merriam-Webster online dictionary simply defines it as a dark red.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/maroon|title = Definition of MAROON| date=8 November 2023 }}</ref>


In the [[sRGB]] color model for [[additive color]] representation, the [[web color]] called maroon is created by turning down the brightness of pure red to about one half. It is also noted that maroon is the complement of the web color called [[teal]].<ref name="css3-color"/>
In the [[sRGB]] color model for [[additive color]] representation, the [[web color]] called maroon is created by turning down the brightness of pure red to about one half. It is also noted that maroon is the complement of the web color called [[teal]].<ref name="css3-color"/>
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[[File:Chestnut02.jpg|alt=A bunch of chestnuts. Maroon is derived from marron, French for chestnut.|thumb|The word "maroon" derives from the French {{lang|fr|marron}}, meaning chestnut.]]
[[File:Chestnut02.jpg|alt=A bunch of chestnuts. Maroon is derived from marron, French for chestnut.|thumb|The word "maroon" derives from the French {{lang|fr|marron}}, meaning chestnut.]]


''Maroon'' is derived from [[French language|French]] {{lang|fr|marron}} ("[[chestnut]]"),<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=maroon | title = maroon | work = Princeton WordNet }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> itself from the [[Italian language|Italian]] {{Lang|it|marrone}} that means both [[chestnut]] and [[brown]] (but the color maroon in Italian is {{Lang|it|granata}} and in French is {{lang|fr|grenat}}), from the medieval Greek {{Lang|grc|maraon}}.<ref>Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th Edition (1973).</ref>
''Maroon'' is [[French language|French]] {{lang|fr|marron}} ("[[chestnut]]"),<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=maroon | title = maroon | work = Princeton WordNet }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> itself from the [[Italian language|Italian]] {{Lang|it|marrone}} that means both [[chestnut]] and [[brown]] (but the color maroon in Italian is {{Lang|it|granata}} and in French is {{lang|fr|grenat}}), from the medieval Greek {{Lang|grc|maraon}}.<ref>Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th Edition (1973).</ref>


The first recorded use of ''maroon'' as a color name in English was in 1789.<ref>Maerz and Paul. ''A Dictionary of Color''. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1930, Page 198; Color Sample of Maroon: Page 37, Plate 7, Color Sample L7</ref>
The first recorded use of ''maroon'' as a color name in English was in 1789.<ref>Maerz and Paul. ''A Dictionary of Color''. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1930, Page 198; Color Sample of Maroon: Page 37, Plate 7, Color Sample L7</ref>
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== In culture ==
== In culture ==


;Religion
'''Religion'''
* [[Vajrayana Buddhism|Vajrayana Buddhist]] [[Buddhist monasticism|monks]], such as the [[Dalai Lama]], wear maroon robes.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/19/world/asia/19tibet.html|title=China Adds to Security Forces in Tibet Amid Calls for a Boycott|first=Edward|last=Wong|newspaper=The New York Times|date=February 18, 2009}}</ref>
* [[Vajrayana Buddhism|Vajrayana Buddhist]] [[Buddhist monasticism|monks]], such as the [[Dalai Lama]], wear maroon robes.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/19/world/asia/19tibet.html|title=China Adds to Security Forces in Tibet Amid Calls for a Boycott|first=Edward|last=Wong|newspaper=The New York Times|date=February 18, 2009}}</ref>
*Maroon, along with golden yellow, is worn in the [[Philippines]] by [[Catholic Church in the Philippines|Catholic]] devotees of the [[Black Nazarene]], especially during its procession on 9 January.
*Maroon, along with golden yellow, is worn in the [[Philippines]] by [[Catholic Church in the Philippines|Catholic]] devotees of the [[Black Nazarene]], especially during its procession on 9 January.


;National symbols
'''National symbols'''
* Maroon and white are the colors of the [[Flag of Qatar]].
* Maroon and white are the colors of the [[Flag of Qatar]].
* [[Flag of Phoenix, Arizona]] is maroon and white.
* [[Flag of Phoenix, Arizona]] is maroon and white.
* Maroon, gold, teal and orange are the colors of the [[Flag of Sri Lanka]]
* Maroon, gold, teal and orange are the colors of the [[Flag of Sri Lanka]]
* The [[Flag of Latvia]] has sometimes been called maroon and white, although the officially declared colors were red and white,<ref>According to the 1994 law, ''Latvijas valsts karogs ir sarkans ar baltu svītru.'' (Latvian national flag is red with a white stripe.) {{cite web|title=Par Latvijas valsts karogu (The Latvian flag)|year=1994|language=lv|publisher=The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia|url=http://www.saeima.lv/simbolika/karogs.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302201528/http://www.saeima.lv/simbolika/karogs.htm|archive-date=2 March 2009|url-status=dead}} ''Sarkans'' is the word for "red" in Latvian, while "maroon" is ''petarde''. {{cite book|author1=Turkina, Eiženija |author2=Zitare, K. |name-list-style=amp |year=1977|title=Latvian-English Dictionary|edition=second|location=Waverly, Iowa|publisher=Latvju Gramata (Rota Press)|oclc=3085262}}</ref> and in 2009 were changed to [[Carmine (color)|carmine]] and white.<ref>''Latvijas valsts karogs ir karmīnsarkans ar baltu horizontālu svītru.'' (The Latvian national flag is carmine with white horizontal stripes.){{cite web|title=Latvijas valsts karoga likums (The Latvian flag law)|date=17 November 2009|language=lv|publisher=The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia|url=http://www.saeima.lv/lv/par-saeimu/simbolika/latvijas-valsts-karoga-likums/}}</ref>
* The [[Flag of Latvia]] has sometimes been called maroon and white, although the officially declared colors were red and white,{{efn|According to the 1994 law, ''Latvijas valsts karogs ir sarkans ar baltu svītru.'' (Latvian national flag is red with a white stripe.) <ref>{{cite web|title=Par Latvijas valsts karogu |trans-title=About the national flag of Latvia|year=1994|language=lv|publisher=The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia|url=http://www.saeima.lv/simbolika/karogs.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302201528/http://www.saeima.lv/simbolika/karogs.htm|archive-date=2 March 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''Sarkans'' is the word for "red" in Latvian, while "maroon" is ''petarde''.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Turkina, Eiženija |author2=Zitare, K. |name-list-style=amp |year=1977|title=Latvian-English Dictionary|edition=second|location=Waverly, Iowa|publisher=Latvju Gramata (Rota Press)|oclc=3085262}}</ref>}} and in 2009 were amended to [[Carmine (color)|carmine]] and white.<ref>{{cite web|title=Latvijas valsts karoga likums |trans-title=The Latvian national flag law|date=17 November 2009|language=lv|publisher=The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia|url=http://www.saeima.lv/lv/par-saeimu/simbolika/latvijas-valsts-karoga-likums/|quote=Latvijas valsts karogs ir karmīnsarkans ar baltu horizontālu svītru. |trans-quote=The Latvian national flag is carmine-red with white horizontal stripes.}}</ref>
* Maroon was named as the [[Symbols of Queensland|official color of the state]] of [[Queensland]], [[Australia]], in November 2003. While the declared shade of maroon in sRGB is R=115, G=24, B=44, Queenslanders display the spirit of the state by wearing all shades of maroon at sporting and cultural events.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.qld.gov.au/about/how-government-works/flags-emblems-icons/state-colour/ | title = State Colour | work = Queensland Government}}</ref>
* Maroon was named as the [[Symbols of Queensland|official color of the state]] of [[Queensland]], [[Australia]], in November 2003. While the declared shade of maroon in sRGB is R=115, G=24, B=44, Queenslanders display the spirit of the state by wearing all shades of maroon at sporting and cultural events.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.qld.gov.au/about/how-government-works/flags-emblems-icons/state-colour/ | title = State Colour | work = Queensland Government}}</ref>


;Politics
'''Politics'''
* Maroon is the color of the Dutch far-right political party [[Forum for Democracy]].
* Maroon is the color of the Dutch far-right political party [[Forum for Democracy]].


;Military
'''Military'''
* The distinctive [[maroon beret]] has been worn by many airborne forces around the world since 1942.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.specialoperations.com/Foreign/United_Kingdom/Paras/ | title = The Parachute Regiment "Paras" | work = specialoperations.com | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111128095457/http://www.specialoperations.com/Foreign/United_Kingdom/Paras/ | archive-date = 2011-11-28 }}</ref> It is sometimes referred to as the "red beret."
* The distinctive [[maroon beret]] has been worn by many airborne forces around the world, starting with the British [[Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom)|Parachute Regiment]] (nicknamed the "Maroon Machine") in 1942.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.specialoperations.com/Foreign/United_Kingdom/Paras/ | title = The Parachute Regiment "Paras" | work = specialoperations.com | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111128095457/http://www.specialoperations.com/Foreign/United_Kingdom/Paras/ | archive-date = 2011-11-28 }}</ref> It is sometimes referred to as the "red beret."
* Historically maroon was the distinguishing color of the [[Caçadores]] (rifle) regiments of the Portuguese Army.
* Historically, maroon was the distinguishing color of the [[Caçadores]] (rifle) regiments of the Portuguese Army.


;Business
'''Business'''
* Maroon is the signature color of the Japanese private rail company, [[Hankyu Railway]], decided by a vote of women customers in 1923.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w_c_Gh00uEQC&pg=PA153|page=153|title=Takarazuka: Sexual Politics and Popular Culture in Modern Japan|first=Jennifer Ellen|last=Robertson|year=1998|publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-92012-5|edition=ebook}}</ref> In the 1990s, Hankyu planned an alternative color as it was developing new vehicles. That plan was called off following opposition by local residents
* Maroon is the signature color of the Japanese private rail company [[Hankyu Railway]], decided by a vote of women customers in 1923.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w_c_Gh00uEQC&pg=PA153|page=153|title=Takarazuka: Sexual Politics and Popular Culture in Modern Japan|first=Jennifer Ellen|last=Robertson|year=1998|publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-92012-5|edition=ebook}}</ref> In the 1990s, Hankyu planned an alternative color as it was developing new vehicles. That plan was called off following opposition by local residents


;Music
'''Music'''
* The [[Famous Maroon Band]]
* The [[Famous Maroon Band]]
* [[Maroon 5]]
* [[Maroon 5]]
* "[[Maroon (song)|Maroon]]" by [[Taylor Swift]]
* "[[Maroon (song)|Maroon]]" by [[Taylor Swift]]


;School colors
'''School colors'''<br />
<!-- Please DO NOT list a school unless you provide a citation to an independent, reliable source. -->
<!-- Please DO NOT list a school unless you provide a citation to an independent, reliable source. -->
Many universities, colleges, high schools and other educational institutions have maroon as one of their ''school colors''. Popular combinations include maroon and white, maroon and grey, maroon and gold, and maroon and blue.
Many universities, colleges, high schools and other educational institutions have maroon as one of their ''school colors''. Popular combinations include maroon and white, maroon and grey, maroon and gold, and maroon and blue.
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* Maroon and Gold are the official school colors of [[Shimer College]],<ref>{{cite book|year=1966|title=The Blue Book of College Athletics|page=253|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A4MkAQAAIAAJ|publisher=Rohrich Corporation}}</ref> representing [[Mount Carroll Seminary]].<ref>{{cite news|work=Shimer College Record|date=October 1952|volume=44|issue=4|url=https://archive.org/details/ShimerCollegeRecord444October1952|page=2|title=Autumn Events}}</ref>
* Maroon and Gold are the official school colors of [[Shimer College]],<ref>{{cite book|year=1966|title=The Blue Book of College Athletics|page=253|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A4MkAQAAIAAJ|publisher=Rohrich Corporation}}</ref> representing [[Mount Carroll Seminary]].<ref>{{cite news|work=Shimer College Record|date=October 1952|volume=44|issue=4|url=https://archive.org/details/ShimerCollegeRecord444October1952|page=2|title=Autumn Events}}</ref>
* Maroon is the official school color of the [[University of Chicago]]. The school also employs light and dark gray in its official primary color palette.<ref>{{cite web |title=Communicating UChicago |url=http://news.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/_uchicago.identity.guidelines.pdf |website=News.UChicago.edu |publisher=The University of Chicago |date=2013 |access-date=2021-08-25 }}</ref>
* Maroon is the official school color of the [[University of Chicago]]. The school also employs light and dark gray in its official primary color palette.<ref>{{cite web |title=Communicating UChicago |url=http://news.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/attachments/_uchicago.identity.guidelines.pdf |website=News.UChicago.edu |publisher=The University of Chicago |date=2013 |access-date=2021-08-25 }}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Lower Merion High School]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://espn.go.com/losangeles/nba/story/_/id/8753837/kobe-bryant-back-philadelphia-feeling-fine | title=Kobe Bryant feeling fine in Philly | publisher=ESPN | date=17 December 2012 | access-date=6 March 2016 | author=McMenamin, Dave}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Lower Merion High School]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.espn.com/losangeles/nba/story/_/id/8753837/kobe-bryant-back-philadelphia-feeling-fine | title=Kobe Bryant feeling fine in Philly | publisher=ESPN | date=17 December 2012 | access-date=6 March 2016 | author=McMenamin, Dave}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Mississippi State University]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#mw|title=Mississippi State Traditions|work=HailState.com|access-date=2014-05-13|archive-date=2014-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116213736/http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#mw|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the name of the university's alma mater.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#alma|title=Mississippi State Traditions|work=HailState.com|access-date=2014-05-13|archive-date=2014-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116213736/http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#alma|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Mississippi State University]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#mw|title=Mississippi State Traditions|work=HailState.com|access-date=2014-05-13|archive-date=2014-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116213736/http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#mw|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the name of the university's alma mater.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#alma|title=Mississippi State Traditions|work=HailState.com|access-date=2014-05-13|archive-date=2014-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116213736/http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#alma|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Colgate University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.colgate.edu/about/colgate-glance|title=Colgate at a Glance &#124; Colgate University|website=Colgate.edu}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Colgate University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.colgate.edu/about/colgate-glance|title=Colgate at a Glance &#124; Colgate University|website=Colgate.edu}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Missouri State University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://brand.missouristate.edu/colors.htm|title=Our Colors|website=brand.missouristate.edu}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Missouri State University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://brand.missouristate.edu/colors.htm|title=Our Colors|website=brand.missouristate.edu}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Littlefield High School (Texas)|Littlefield High School]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=ISD |first=Littlefield |date=2023-08-29 |title=Littlefield ISD |url=https://www.lfdisd.org/ |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=www.lfdisd.org |language=English}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Littlefield High School (Texas)|Littlefield High School]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=ISD |first=Littlefield |date=2023-08-29 |title=Littlefield ISD |url=https://www.lfdisd.org/ |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=www.lfdisd.org |language=English}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Southern Illinois University Carbondale]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://logo.siu.edu/color-use/1-color-reproduction.php|title=1-Color Reproduction &#124; Identity Guidelines &#124; SIU}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[Southern Illinois University Carbondale]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://logo.siu.edu/color-use/|title=2023 IDENTITY GUIDELINES|work=logo.siu.edu|date=July 12, 2024}}</ref>
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[University of Massachusetts Amherst]]
* Maroon and White are the official school colors of [[University of Massachusetts Amherst]]
* Maroon and Gold are the official school colors of [[Arizona State University]] and the name of the university's fight song.
* Maroon and Gold are the official school colors of [[Arizona State University]] and the name of the university's fight song.
* Maroon and Black are the official school colors of [[Cumberland University]].
* Maroon and Black are the official school colors of [[Cumberland University]].
* Maroon and Orange are the official school colors of [[Virginia Tech]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vt.edu/about/traditions.html#colors|title=Virginia Tech colors|date=2019|website=Virginia Tech – History and Traditions}}</ref>
* Maroon and Orange are the official school colors of [[Virginia Tech]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vt.edu/about/traditions.html#colors|title=Virginia Tech colors|date=2019|website=Virginia Tech – History and Traditions}}</ref>
* Maroon and Orange are the official school colors of [[Crooms Academy of Information Technology]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cait.scps.k12.fl.us/academics/parent_student_handbook/|date=2024|title=Parent/Student Handbook|website=Crooms AOIT}}</ref>
* Maroon and Gold are the official colors of [[Elon University]].
* Maroon and Gold are the official colors of [[Elon University]].
* Maroon and Blue are the official colors of [[Port Rex Technical High School]] in South Africa.
* Maroon and Blue are the official colors of [[Port Rex Technical High School]] in South Africa.
* Maroon and Forest Green are the primary and complementary institutional colors of the [[University of the Philippines System]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.up.edu.ph/index.php/up-visual-identity-guidebook-2017-now-available-online/|title=UP Visual Identity Guidebook 2017 now available online|date=2017|website=University of the Philippines System}}</ref>
* Maroon and Forest Green are the primary and complementary institutional colors of the [[University of the Philippines System]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.up.edu.ph/index.php/up-visual-identity-guidebook-2017-now-available-online/|title=UP Visual Identity Guidebook 2017 now available online|date=2017|website=University of the Philippines System}}</ref>

* Maroon and Gold are the school colors of the [[University of Perpetual Help System DALTA]] in the Philippines
* Maroon and Gold are the school colors of the [[University of Perpetual Help System DALTA]] in the Philippines


;Sports
'''Sports'''<br />
<!-- Please DO NOT list a team in this section unless you provide a citation to an independent, reliable source. -->
<!-- Please DO NOT list a team in this section unless you provide a citation to an independent, reliable source. -->
Sports teams often use maroon as one of their identifying colors, as a result, many have received the nickname "Maroons."
Sports teams often use maroon as one of their identifying colors, as a result, many have received the nickname "Maroons."
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* The [[Perpetual Altas|University of Perpetual Help Altas]], playing in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)]] use the color as their primary uniform,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://perpetualdalta.edu.ph/sports-teams/|title=Sports Teams|website=perpetualdalta.edu.ph}}</ref> derived from their school colors .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://perpetualdalta.edu.ph/about/|title=About the University|website=perpetualdalta.edu.ph}}</ref>
* The [[Perpetual Altas|University of Perpetual Help Altas]], playing in the [[National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)]] use the color as their primary uniform,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://perpetualdalta.edu.ph/sports-teams/|title=Sports Teams|website=perpetualdalta.edu.ph}}</ref> derived from their school colors .<ref>{{cite web|url=https://perpetualdalta.edu.ph/about/|title=About the University|website=perpetualdalta.edu.ph}}</ref>
* [[Heart of Midlothian F.C.]] have played in predominantly maroon colours since 1877, although they had maroon badge and trimmings in their first kit from their formation in 1874.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Scottish_Football_League/Heart_of_Midlothian/Heart_of_Midlothian.htm|title = Heart of Midlothian - Historical Football Kits}}</ref>
* [[Heart of Midlothian F.C.]] have played in predominantly maroon colours since 1877, although they had maroon badge and trimmings in their first kit from their formation in 1874.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Scottish_Football_League/Heart_of_Midlothian/Heart_of_Midlothian.htm|title = Heart of Midlothian - Historical Football Kits}}</ref>
* Official colour of Italian association football team [[Torino_F.C.]] Club's fans are known as ''I Granata'' (the Maroons in italian).
* Official colour of Italian association football team [[Torino F.C.]] Club's fans are known as ''I Granata'' (''the Maroons'' in Italian).
* Official colour of Argentina's association football team [[Club_Atl%C3%A9tico_Lan%C3%BAs]] (''Los Granates'').
* Official colour of Argentina's association football team [[Club Atlético Lanús]] (''Los Granates'').
* Maroons was the official nickname of the athletic teams representing Mississippi State College, now Mississippi State University from 1932 until 1961 when it was officially changed to the Bulldogs. Bulldogs had been used as an unofficial nickname as far back as 1905.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#bulldog|title=Maroon, Maroons, and the Phoenix|work=Athletics.UChicago.edu|access-date=2014-05-13|archive-date=2014-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116213736/http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#bulldog|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Maroons was the official nickname of the athletic teams representing Mississippi State College, now Mississippi State University from 1932 until 1961 when it was officially changed to the Bulldogs. Bulldogs had been used as an unofficial nickname as far back as 1905.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#bulldog|title=Maroon, Maroons, and the Phoenix|work=Athletics.UChicago.edu|access-date=2014-05-13|archive-date=2014-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116213736/http://www.nmnathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?&DB_OEM_ID=16800&ATCLID=926236#bulldog|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Maroons is also the common nickname for the [[Queensland Rugby League team]] when it plays against the Blues (the New South Welshmen) in an annual competition of three games known as the [[State of Origin series]] in Australia.
* Maroons is also the common nickname for the [[Queensland Rugby League team]] when it plays against the Blues (the New South Welshmen) in an annual competition of three games known as the [[State of Origin series]] in Australia.
* The "maroon and whites" is a nickname for the [[Manly Warringah Sea Eagles]] in the Australian [[National Rugby League]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-09-29 |title=Go the Maroon and Whites...... |url=https://silvertails.net/threads/go-the-maroon-and-whites.36489/ |access-date=2024-10-11 |website=Silvertails, Manly Warringah Sea Eagles Supporter forums |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-17 |title=Turbo back in gear as Manly make history with rout of Roosters |url=https://www.nrl.com/news/2021/09/17/turbo-back-in-gear-as-manly-send-roosters-packing/ |access-date=2024-10-11 |website=National Rugby League |language=en |quote=... the maroon and whites marched to a preliminary showdown with South Sydney.}}</ref>
* [[West Indies cricket team]] wears all maroon clothing in [[Limited overs cricket|limited-overs cricket]] whilst in [[Test cricket]], they wear maroon [[cricket cap]]s.
* [[West Indies cricket team]] wears all maroon clothing in [[Limited overs cricket|limited-overs cricket]] whilst in [[Test cricket]], they wear maroon [[cricket cap]]s.
* [[Galway GAA|Galway]] and [[Westmeath GAA|Westmeath]] wears primarily maroon clothing when playing home [[Gaelic Athletic Association]] matches.
* In North American thoroughbred [[horse racing]], the number 14 horse uses a maroon saddle cloth with the number in yellow.
* In North American thoroughbred [[horse racing]], the number 14 horse uses a maroon saddle cloth with the number in yellow.
* In [[pool (cue sports)|pool]], the color of the 7 and 15 [[billiard ball]]s are traditionally maroon.
* In [[pool (cue sports)|pool]], the color of the 7 and 15 [[billiard ball]]s are traditionally maroon.
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}}
}}


The color designated as ''maroon'' in [[Crayola]] crayons since 1949 is a bright medium shade of maroon halfway between brown and [[Rose (color)|rose]].
The color designated as ''maroon'' in [[Crayola]] crayons since 1958 (when it was renamed from ''dark red'') is a bright medium shade of maroon halfway between brown and [[Rose (color)|rose]].
{{clear}}
{{clear}}


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See the chart [[X11 color names#Color name clashes|Color name clashes]] in the X11 color names article to see those colors that are different in HTML/CSS and X11.
See the chart [[X11 color names#Color name clashes|Color name clashes]] in the X11 color names article to see those colors that are different in HTML/CSS and X11.
{{clear}}
{{clear}}

=== Mystic maroon ===
{{Infobox color
|title=Mystic Maroon
|hex=AD4379
|source=[[List of Crayola crayon colors#Silver Swirls|Crayola]]
}}

Displayed at right is the color '''mystic maroon''', one of the colors in the special set of metallic Crayola crayons called Silver Swirls, the colors of which were formulated by Crayola in 1990.

Although this is supposed to be a [[metallic color]], there is no mechanism for displaying metallic colors on a computer.
{{Clear}}


===Dark red===
===Dark red===
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}}
}}


Displayed in the adjacent table is the [[web color]] '''dark red'''.
The [[web color]] '''dark red''' is displayed in the adjacent color table.
{{clear}}
{{clear}}


=== UP maroon ===
=== UP Maroon ===
{{Infobox color
{{Infobox color
|title=UP Maroon
|title=UP Maroon
|hex=7B1113
|hex=8a1538

|source=https://www.colorhexa.com/7b1113
|isccname=Deep reddish brown
}}
}}


UP Maroon is the shade used by the [[University of the Philippines]] as its primary color.
UP Maroon is the shade used by the [[University of the Philippines]] as its primary color.
{{-}}
{{Clear}}


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[List of colors]]
* [[List of colors]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}


== References ==
== References ==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{Wiktionary-inline}}
* {{Wiktionary-inline}}
* {{Commonscatinline}}
* {{Commons category-inline}}


{{Web colors}}
{{Web colors}}
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[[Category:Shades of red]]
[[Category:Shades of red]]
[[Category:Web colors]]
[[Category:Web colors]]
[[Category:Symbols of Queensland]]

Latest revision as of 02:58, 5 January 2025

"800000" redirects here. For the number, see 800,000.
For other uses, see Maroon (disambiguation).
Maroon
 
About these coordinates     Color coordinates
Hex triplet#800000
sRGBB (r, g, b)(128, 0, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)(0°, 100%, 50%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)(26, 86, 12°)
SourceHTML/CSS[1]
ISCC–NBS descriptorDeep reddish brown
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Maroon (US/UK /məˈruːn/ mə-ROON,[2] Australia /məˈroʊn/ mə-ROHN[3]) is a brownish crimson color that takes its name from the French word marron, meaning chestnut.[4] Marron is also one of the French translations for "brown".

Terms describing interchangeable shades, with overlapping RGB ranges, include burgundy, claret, mulberry, and crimson.

Different dictionaries define maroon differently. The Cambridge English Dictionary defines maroon as a dark reddish-purple color while its "American Dictionary" section defines maroon as dark brown-red.[5] Lexico online dictionary defines maroon as a brownish-red.[6] Similarly, Dictionary.com defines maroon as a dark brownish-red.[7] The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary describes maroon as "a brownish-crimson or claret colour,"[8] while the Merriam-Webster online dictionary simply defines it as a dark red.[9]

In the sRGB color model for additive color representation, the web color called maroon is created by turning down the brightness of pure red to about one half. It is also noted that maroon is the complement of the web color called teal.[1]

Etymology

[edit]
A bunch of chestnuts. Maroon is derived from marron, French for chestnut.
The word "maroon" derives from the French marron, meaning chestnut.

Maroon is French marron ("chestnut"),[10] itself from the Italian marrone that means both chestnut and brown (but the color maroon in Italian is granata and in French is grenat), from the medieval Greek maraon.[11]

The first recorded use of maroon as a color name in English was in 1789.[12]

In culture

[edit]

Religion

National symbols

Politics

Military

  • The distinctive maroon beret has been worn by many airborne forces around the world, starting with the British Parachute Regiment (nicknamed the "Maroon Machine") in 1942.[18] It is sometimes referred to as the "red beret."
  • Historically, maroon was the distinguishing color of the Caçadores (rifle) regiments of the Portuguese Army.

Business

  • Maroon is the signature color of the Japanese private rail company Hankyu Railway, decided by a vote of women customers in 1923.[19] In the 1990s, Hankyu planned an alternative color as it was developing new vehicles. That plan was called off following opposition by local residents

Music

School colors
Many universities, colleges, high schools and other educational institutions have maroon as one of their school colors. Popular combinations include maroon and white, maroon and grey, maroon and gold, and maroon and blue.

Sports
Sports teams often use maroon as one of their identifying colors, as a result, many have received the nickname "Maroons."

Commercial variations of maroon

[edit]

Maroon (Crayola)

[edit]
Maroon (Crayola)
 
About these coordinates     Color coordinates
Hex triplet#C32148
sRGBB (r, g, b)(195, 33, 72)
HSV (h, s, v)(346°, 83%, 76%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)(43, 112, 5°)
SourceCrayola
ISCC–NBS descriptorVivid red
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The color designated as maroon in Crayola crayons since 1958 (when it was renamed from dark red) is a bright medium shade of maroon halfway between brown and rose.

Rich maroon (maroon (X11))

[edit]
Rich maroon [ maroon (X11) ]
 
About these coordinates     Color coordinates
Hex triplet#B03060
sRGBB (r, g, b)(176, 48, 96)
HSV (h, s, v)(338°, 73%, 69%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)(42, 82, 355°)
SourceX11 color names#Color name clashes
ISCC–NBS descriptorStrong red
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Displayed in the adjacent table is the color rich maroon, i.e. maroon as defined in the X11 color names, which is much brighter and more toned toward rose than the HTML/CSS maroon shown above.

See the chart Color name clashes in the X11 color names article to see those colors that are different in HTML/CSS and X11.

Mystic maroon

[edit]
Mystic Maroon
 
About these coordinates     Color coordinates
Hex triplet#AD4379
sRGBB (r, g, b)(173, 67, 121)
HSV (h, s, v)(329°, 61%, 68%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)(45, 66, 343°)
SourceCrayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Displayed at right is the color mystic maroon, one of the colors in the special set of metallic Crayola crayons called Silver Swirls, the colors of which were formulated by Crayola in 1990.

Although this is supposed to be a metallic color, there is no mechanism for displaying metallic colors on a computer.

Dark red

[edit]
"Dark red" redirects here. For other uses, see Dark Red (disambiguation).
Dark Red
 
About these coordinates     Color coordinates
Hex triplet#8B0000
sRGBB (r, g, b)(139, 0, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)(0°, 100%, 55%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)(28, 94, 12°)
SourceX11
ISCC–NBS descriptorStrong reddish brown
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The web color dark red is displayed in the adjacent color table.

UP Maroon

[edit]
UP Maroon
 
About these coordinates     Color coordinates
Hex triplet#8a1538
sRGBB (r, g, b)(138, 21, 56)
HSV (h, s, v)(342°, 85%, 54%)
CIELChuv (L, C, h)(30, 75, 2°)
Source[Unsourced]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

UP Maroon is the shade used by the University of the Philippines as its primary color.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ According to the 1994 law, Latvijas valsts karogs ir sarkans ar baltu svītru. (Latvian national flag is red with a white stripe.) [14] Sarkans is the word for "red" in Latvian, while "maroon" is petarde.[15]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "CSS Color Module Level 3". w3.org. 19 June 2018.
  2. ^ "maroon". Random House (US) and Collins (UK) dictionaries. Retrieved 28 February 2015 – via Dictionary.com.
  3. ^ Australian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition (2004). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-551796-5
  4. ^ # Cambridge English Dictionary (online). "maroon is red!!!".
    1. Webster's New World Dictionary of American English, 3rd College Edition, (1988). "A dark brown".
    2. Random House College Dictionary (1975). "a dark brownish".
  5. ^ "maroon". Cambridge Dictionaries (Online). Cambridge University Press. n.d.
  6. ^ "MAROON | Definition of MAROON by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of MAROON". Lexico Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020.
  7. ^ "maroon". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.
  8. ^ Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 1993 edition
  9. ^ "Definition of MAROON". 8 November 2023.
  10. ^ "maroon". Princeton WordNet.[permanent dead link‍]
  11. ^ Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th Edition (1973).
  12. ^ Maerz and Paul. A Dictionary of Color. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1930, Page 198; Color Sample of Maroon: Page 37, Plate 7, Color Sample L7
  13. ^ Wong, Edward (February 18, 2009). "China Adds to Security Forces in Tibet Amid Calls for a Boycott". The New York Times.
  14. ^ "Par Latvijas valsts karogu" [About the national flag of Latvia] (in Latvian). The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia. 1994. Archived from the original on 2 March 2009.
  15. ^ Turkina, Eiženija & Zitare, K. (1977). Latvian-English Dictionary (second ed.). Waverly, Iowa: Latvju Gramata (Rota Press). OCLC 3085262.
  16. ^ "Latvijas valsts karoga likums" [The Latvian national flag law] (in Latvian). The Saeima (legislature) of Latvia. 17 November 2009. Latvijas valsts karogs ir karmīnsarkans ar baltu horizontālu svītru. [The Latvian national flag is carmine-red with white horizontal stripes.]
  17. ^ "State Colour". Queensland Government.
  18. ^ "The Parachute Regiment "Paras"". specialoperations.com. Archived from the original on 2011-11-28.
  19. ^ Robertson, Jennifer Ellen (1998). Takarazuka: Sexual Politics and Popular Culture in Modern Japan (ebook ed.). University of California Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-520-92012-5.
  20. ^ Communications, Texas A&M University-Marketing &. "Brand Colors | University Brand Guide | Texas A&M University". Texas A&M University Brand Guide.
  21. ^ a b school-colors. "School Colors". bc.edu. Retrieved 2019-06-30.
  22. ^ "Colors and Type". University Relations. January 27, 2017.
  23. ^ "Minnesota Golden Gophers Colors". 27 July 2017. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
  24. ^ "Minnesota". NCAA. Retrieved 2018-04-23.
  25. ^ The Blue Book of College Athletics. Rohrich Corporation. 1966. p. 253.
  26. ^ "Autumn Events". Shimer College Record. Vol. 44, no. 4. October 1952. p. 2.
  27. ^ "Communicating UChicago" (PDF). News.UChicago.edu. The University of Chicago. 2013. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
  28. ^ McMenamin, Dave (17 December 2012). "Kobe Bryant feeling fine in Philly". ESPN. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  29. ^ "Mississippi State Traditions". HailState.com. Archived from the original on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2014-05-13.
  30. ^ "Mississippi State Traditions". HailState.com. Archived from the original on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2014-05-13.
  31. ^ "Colgate at a Glance | Colgate University". Colgate.edu.
  32. ^ "Our Colors". brand.missouristate.edu.
  33. ^ ISD, Littlefield (2023-08-29). "Littlefield ISD". www.lfdisd.org. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
  34. ^ "2023 IDENTITY GUIDELINES". logo.siu.edu. July 12, 2024.
  35. ^ "Virginia Tech colors". Virginia Tech – History and Traditions. 2019.
  36. ^ "Parent/Student Handbook". Crooms AOIT. 2024.
  37. ^ "UP Visual Identity Guidebook 2017 now available online". University of the Philippines System. 2017.
  38. ^ "Mississippi State Traditions". HailState.com.
  39. ^ "From Parrots to Maroons". philstar.com.
  40. ^ "Sports Teams". perpetualdalta.edu.ph.
  41. ^ "About the University". perpetualdalta.edu.ph.
  42. ^ "Heart of Midlothian - Historical Football Kits".
  43. ^ "Maroon, Maroons, and the Phoenix". Athletics.UChicago.edu. Archived from the original on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2014-05-13.
  44. ^ "Go the Maroon and Whites..." Silvertails, Manly Warringah Sea Eagles Supporter forums. 2013-09-29. Retrieved 2024-10-11.
  45. ^ "Turbo back in gear as Manly make history with rout of Roosters". National Rugby League. 2021-09-17. Retrieved 2024-10-11. ... the maroon and whites marched to a preliminary showdown with South Sydney.
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of maroon at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Maroon (color) at Wikimedia Commons
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