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'{{short description|None}} {{about|"outlaw" [[professional wrestling promotion]]s in the United States|modern-day [[independent wrestling|independent]] wrestling promotions|List of independent wrestling promotions in the United States|a list of [[National Wrestling Alliance]]-affiliated promotions|List of NWA territories}} [[File:NWA Professional Wrestling Territories.png|thumb|500px|Outlaw promotions typically operated in areas within the NWA territory system.]] This is a '''list of outlaw wrestling promotions in the United States''', sorted by [[regions of the United States|regional area]], from the 1940s to 1980s. This list does not include pre-1948 groups active during the "[[History of professional wrestling in the United States#Beginnings (1860s to 1940s)|Pioneer Era]]" (1900s-1940s) or modern-day "[[independent wrestling|indy promotions]]". Outlaw promotions are traditionally defined as [[professional wrestling promotion]]s not affiliated with the [[National Wrestling Alliance]], not recognizing the [[NWA World Heavyweight Championship]] and promoting shows in direct competition against [[List of NWA territories|NWA regional territories]]. Wrestlers who had been [[Blackballing|blackballed]] from the sport or were winding down their career often found a home with such promotions. These groups were often short-lived as NWA promoters would receive top stars from other members to prevent a potential takeover of a territory. This was not always the case, however, as some promotions freely cooperated with the NWA promoters (e.g. [[National Wrestling Federation]]) while others operated in areas where there was not an established NWA presence. Longtime NWA members, such as [[Jim Crockett Promotions]], the [[Universal Wrestling Federation (Bill Watts)|Universal Wrestling Federation]] and [[World Class Championship Wrestling]], left the organization in order to compete with the [[World Wrestling Federation]] during the [[1980s wrestling boom]]. ==New England== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |[[Big Time Wrestling (Boston)|Big Time Wrestling]] |[[Boston|Boston, Massachusetts]] |Tony Santos, Sr. |1960–1975 |<ref name="Titles">{{cite book|author=Royal Duncan & Gary Will|title=Wrestling Title Histories|publisher=Archeus Communications|year=2000|edition=4th|isbn=0-9698161-5-4}}</ref> |- |[[Century Wrestling Alliance]] |[[Boston|Boston, Massachusetts]] |[[Tony Rumble]]<br />Ellen Magliaro |1989–2007 |Joined the NWA as [[NWA New England]] in 1997.<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="NEI"/> He was the promoter there until his death in 1999. Rumble's wife, Ellen Magliaro ran it until its closure. |- |[[International World Class Championship Wrestling|International Championship Wrestling]] |[[Boston|Boston, Massachusetts]] |[[Angelo Savoldi]]<br />Mario Savoldi |1985–1995 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="NEI"/> |- |[[International Wrestling Federation]] |[[Reading, Massachusetts]] |[[Killer Kowalski]] |1979–1996 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="NEI">{{cite web |url=http://www.metrocast.net/~jjakan/features-graveyard.html |title=The New England Indy Graveyard |work=The New England Independent |publisher=Metrocast.net |access-date=April 26, 2012}}</ref><ref name="RingJUN1982">{{cite magazine |last=Kietzer |first=Norman H. |date=June-July 1982 |title=On And Around The Mat World: The Independents |magazine=[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring's Wrestling]] |location=New York City, New York |publisher= |issue=83 |quote= }}</ref><ref name="RingAUG1982">{{cite magazine |last=Kietzer |first=Norman H. |date=August 1982 |title=On And Around The Mat World: The Independents |magazine=[[The Ring (magazine)|The Ring's Wrestling]] |location=New York City, New York |publisher= |issue=86 |quote= }}</ref> |- |New England Wrestling Alliance |[[Lynn, Massachusetts]] |Jack Viles |1975–1977 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |[[Yankee Pro Wrestling|New England Wrestling Association]] |[[New Bedford, Massachusetts]] |Joe Eugenio |1988–1993 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |New England Wrestling Federation |Massachusetts |Richard Byrnes |1982–1985 |Also known as the United States Wrestling Federation.<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Northeast Championship Wrestling |[[New Haven, Connecticut]] |Tom Janette |1983–1993 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Northeast Wrestling Federation |[[Wethersfield, Connecticut]] |Morris "Mushky" Salow |1984–1985 |Ran against the [[World Wrestling Federation]] during the early-1980s which included a legal fight over the [[Springfield Civic Center]].<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |date=April 16, 1985 |title=The Northeast Wrestling Federation filed suit against the Springfield... |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1985/04/16/The-Northeast-Wrestling-Federation-filed-suit-against-the-Springfield/8479482475600/ |work=[[UPI.com]] |location= |access-date=September 1, 2021}}</ref> [[Bob Backland]], a former [[WWF World Heavyweight Champion]], served as a [[booker (professional wrestling)|booker]] for the short-lived group.<ref name="Titles"/> |} ==East Coast== ===Maryland=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |[[National Wrestling League]] |[[Hagerstown, Maryland]] |Dick Caricofe, Chris Evans |1988–present |<ref name="Titles"/> Dick Caricofe was the promoter until 2020 when [[COVID-19]] started and Chris Evans took over. Caricofe died on May 14, 2021. Today it is still run by Evans. |- |Wrestling Independent Network |[[Baltimore]] |Ed Zohn, Jeff Capo, Juli Blanton |1992–1993 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===New Jersey=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Eastern Wrestling Alliance |New Jersey |Ted Stanley |1985 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Empire Wrestling Federation |New Jersey |Jack Barnett<br />Enzo Morabito |1983–1985 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Universal Wrestling Alliance |[[Woodbridge, New Jersey]] |Dennis Galamb<br />Jim Ryan |1985–1990 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |World Wrestling Association |[[Woodbury, New Jersey]] |[[Larry Sharpe (wrestler)|Larry Sharpe]] |1989–1998 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===New York=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Camp IWF |[[Brooklyn|Brooklyn, New York]] |[[Johnny Rodz]] |1986–1990 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |International Championship Wrestling |New York |Steve Devito |1989 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |[[International Wrestling Association (1970s)|International Wrestling Association]] |[[Buffalo, New York]] |Pedro Martínez |1975-1978 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="TBN"/><ref name="Slam!"/> |- |[[National Wrestling Federation]] |[[Buffalo, New York]] |Pedro Martínez |1970–1974 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="TBN">{{cite news |title='Pedro' Martinez, Famed Buffalo Wrestling Promoter, Dies |newspaper=The Buffalo News |date=February 12, 1998 }}</ref><ref name="Slam!">{{cite web |url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2010/02/21/12974716.html |title=Slam! Wrestling: Announcer Martinez was instrumental in IWA, video world |author=Johnson, Steven |date=February 24, 2010 |publisher=[[Canoe.ca|Slam! Sports]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115134813/http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2010/02/21/12974716.html|archive-date=2013-01-15|url-status=dead |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |New Independent Wrestling Association |[[Ardsley, New York]] |Micky DiFate<br />René Reyes |1984–1985 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Ringside 41 |New York City, New York | |1976 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Universal Wrestling |[[Rochester, New York]] |Roger Reed |1977 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Vega International Wrestling |New York City, New York | |1978–1980 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |World Wrestling Council |New York/Pennsylvania |Mark Tendler |1986 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===Pennsylvania=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Atlantic States Wrestling Alliance |[[York, Pennsylvania]] |Ed Zohn |1989–1991 |Also known as the Mid-Atlantic Wrestling Alliance.<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Atlantic Wrestling Federation |[[Hanover, Pennsylvania]] |Max Thrasher |1988–1993 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |East Coast Wrestling Federation |[[Easton, Pennsylvania]] |Paul Swanger |1983–1984 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |North American Wrestling |[[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]] |Mike Donatelli |1986–1995 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |National Independent Championship Wrestling |[[Lehigh Valley|Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania]] |Bob Raskin |1985 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |National Wrestling Federation |[[Lehigh Valley|Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania]] |[[D. C. Drake]]<br />Bob Raskin |1986–1994 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Super-Pro Wrestling |[[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]] |Gene Dargan |1984 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Three Rivers Wrestling Association |[[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]] |Gene Dargan |1977–1979 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |World Wide Wrestling Alliance |[[Colmar, Pennsylvania]] |Dino Sanna |1981– |<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Wrestling promoter hits a milestone |author=Kracz, Ed |newspaper=Bucks County Courier Times |date=May 12, 2011 }}</ref> |} ==Midwest== ===Illinois=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Tri-State Wrestling |[[Bridgeview, Illinois|Bridgeview]] |Robert J. Brooks |1989 |<ref>{{cite news |last=Zorn |first=Eric |date=February 17, 1989 |title=BODY-SLAM TO THE ARGO FUND |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1989-02-17-8903060246-story.html |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |access-date=April 16, 2019 }}</ref> |- |Pro Wrestling International |[[Chicago]] |Terry Scholl |1984–1995 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Southern Illinois Championship Wrestling |[[Springfield, Illinois]] |Herb Simmons |1984–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |[[Windy City Wrestling]] |[[Chicago]] |[[Super Maxx|Sam DeCero]] |1988–2010 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===Indiana=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |American Wrestling Federation |[[Danville, Indiana]] | |1989–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |International Wrestling Alliance |[[Indianapolis|Indianapolis, Indiana]] | |1989–1990 |Merged with the American Wrestling Federation in 1990.<ref name="Titles"/> |- |[[World Wrestling Association (Indianapolis)|World Wrestling Association]] |[[Indianapolis|Indianapolis, Indiana]] |[[Dick the Bruiser]] |1971–1990 |Ran against the NWA's Detroit office under Ed Farhat from 1971 to 1974.<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="RingJUN1982"/><ref name="RingAUG1982"/><ref name="OWW">{{cite web |url=http://www.onlineworldofwrestling.com/columns/nostalgiapop/07.html |title=The Nostalgia Pop #7: Promoting the Promoters |author=Dykens, Brad |date=August 2004 |work=Wrestling Columns |publisher=OnlineWorldofWrestling.com |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |} ===Iowa=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Midwest Championship Wrestling |[[Quad Cities|Quad Cities, Iowa]] |Dale Edwards |1984–1986 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/Annual_Obituaries_39/article_21573.shtml |title=Specialist: List of Deceased Wrestlers for 2006 |author=Gallipoli, Thomas M. |date=September 1, 2007 |work=Annual Obituaries |publisher=[[Pro Wrestling Torch]] |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |Ringside Wrestling |[[Clinton, Iowa]] |Rocky Brewer |1982–1983 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===Michigan=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Michigan Championship Wrestling |[[Lansing, Michigan]] |Fritz Burns<br />Ricky Cortez |1977–1994 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Midwest All-Pro |[[Belleville, Michigan]] | |1988–1993 |Merged with Motor City Wrestling in 1993. |- |National Championship Wrestling |[[Detroit, Michigan]] |The Sheik<br/>Ed George |1980–1982 |<ref name="RingJUN1982"/><ref name="RingAUG1982"/> |- |[[Superstars of Wrestling (Canadian TV series)|Superstars of Wrestling]] |[[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]] |[[George Cannon (wrestler)|George Cannon]] |1976–1983 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="RingJUN1982"/><ref name="RingAUG1982"/> |- |Universal Wrestling |[[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]] |Jack Cain<br />Tony Marino<br />Terry Sullivan |1974–1976 |Also known as International Wrestling in the [[Toledo, Ohio]] area. Ran against the NWA's Detroit office under Ed Farhat during the mid-1970s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.prowrestlinghistory.com/ohio/canton/cantonhistory.html |title=Historical Summary of Wrestling in Canton |work=Ohio Wrestling History |publisher=ProWrestlingHistory.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101128024708/http://prowrestlinghistory.com/ohio/canton/cantonhistory.html|archive-date=2010-11-28|url-status=dead |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |Wolverine Wrestling |[[Lansing, Michigan]] |Bert Ruby<br />Fritz Burns<br />Ricky Cortez |1968–1977 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Lords of the Ring: Meet the Ruby's, a nice Jewish family — unless you're wrestling them |author=Eskenazi, Joe |url=http://www.jweekly.com/article/full/20946/cover-story-lords-of-the-ring/ |newspaper=[[J. The Jewish News of Northern California]] |date=November 6, 2003 |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |} ===Minnesota=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |[[Pro Wrestling America]] |[[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] |[[Eddie Sharkey]] |1985–1996 |Ran against the [[American Wrestling Association]] in the mid-to-late 1980s.<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Western Wrestling Association |[[New Brighton, Minnesota]] |Bill Wasserman<br />Patricia Brown |1988– |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===Missouri=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Greater St. Louis Wrestling |[[St. Louis, Missouri]] |[[Larry Matysik]] |1983 |Split with the NWA's St. Louis office following the retirement of [[Sam Muchnick]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/stlouis/stlouis29.htm |title=Looking Back: Greater St. Louis Wrestling - September 3, 1983 |author=Edwards, John |date=2004 |publisher=KayfabeMemories.com |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |Mid-Missouri Wrestling Association |[[St. Louis, Missouri]] |Tony Casta |1985– |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |NWAA |[[Malden, Missouri]] |Henry Rogers |1963–1987 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===Ohio=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |American States Wrestling Alliance |[[Mansfield, Ohio]] |Charlie Fulton<br />Mike Collins |1988– |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |American Wrestling Federation |[[Athens, Ohio]] |John Brammer |1990–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Great Lakes Wrestling Association |[[Euclid, Ohio]] |Lou Kokley<br />Joe Weaver |1989–1994 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Midwest Championship Wrestling |[[Jackson Center, Ohio]] |Jim Lancaster |1981–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Ohio Championship Wrestling |[[Cleveland|Cleveland, Ohio]] |Henry Robinson |1982 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Ohio Championship Wrestling |[[Cleveland|Cleveland, Ohio]] |Tim Hampton<br />[[Ken Jugan]]<br />[[Damien Kane|Ed Bonzo]]<br />J.W. Hawk |1982–1983 | |- |Ohio Championship Wrestling |Ohio |Bob Fradd |1984–1985 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Professional Promotions |Ohio |Bailey Barnes<br />Wayne Oberton |1976 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Tri-State Wrestling Association |Ohio |John Summers |1985–1986 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Universal Wrestling Federation |[[Dayton, Ohio]] |Bobby Davis<br />Don Lewin<br />[[Mark Lewin]] |1971 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Wrestling Show Classics |[[Cincinnati, Ohio]] |Bobby Davis |1969–1970 |Ran against the NWA Detroit office under [[Ed Farhat]] for control of northern Ohio. Held the first ever wrestling card at The Spectrum in Philadelphia in the fall of 1969. |} ===Wisconsin=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Mid-West Wrestling |[[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]] | |1986 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Superstar Wrestling |[[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]] |Al Patterson |1982 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |United Wrestling Association |[[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]] |Al Patterson<br />Grace Brazil<br />Sam Wells |1983 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Wisconsin Wrestling Federation |[[Palmyra, Wisconsin]] | |1984 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ==Rocky Mountains== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Diamond Belt Championship Wrestling |[[Boise, Idaho]] |David Gould |1980–1981 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Rocky Mountain Wrestling |[[Riverton, Wyoming]] |Bill Ash<br />Raoul Sanchez |1980–1981 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ==Southeast== ===Alabama=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Dixie Wrestling | | |1982 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |South Wrestling |[[Huntsville, Alabama]] |Bobby Dee |1982 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://kayfabememories.com/Regions/memphis/memphis-cwa9-2.htm |title=Memphis/CWA #9 Page #2 |author=Dills, Tim |date=2004 |work=Regional Territories: Memphis/CWA |publisher=KayfabeMemories.com |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |World Wrestling Organization |[[Mobile, Alabama]] |[[Umanosuke Ueda|Mr. Ito]] |1988 |<ref name="Titles"/><br> |} ===Florida=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |All-American Championship Wrestling |[[New Port Richey, Florida]] |Bob Hamel |1983–2013 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Allied Sports |[[Miami, Florida]] |Mel Ziegler |1972 |Ran against the NWA's Miami office under [[Bill Dundee]] in 1972. |- |Championship Wrestling Federation |[[Tampa, Florida]] |[[Boris Malenko]] |1991 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Global Wrestling |[[Boca Raton, Florida]] |Bob Roop<br />Boris Malenko<br />Red Roberts |1986–1988 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Independent Pro Wrestling Association |[[Davie, Florida]] |[[Rusty Brooks]] |1988–2003 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Intercontinental Championship Wrestling Alliance |[[Tampa, Florida]] |[[Ron Slinker]] |1989–1995 |Also known as the International Championship Wrestling Alliance. |- |International World Wrestling Alliance |[[Tampa, Florida]] |Boris Malenko |1984 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Professional Wrestling Alliance | |John Davenport |1985 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Professional Wrestling Federation |[[Tampa, Florida]] |[[Dusty Rhodes (wrestler)|Dusty Rhodes]]<br />[[Mike Graham (wrestler)|Mike Graham]]<br />[[Steve Keirn]] |1989–1991 | |- |Southern Wrestling Federation |[[Clermont, Florida]] |Jerry Grey |1988–1993 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Sunbelt Wrestling |[[Jacksonville, Florida]] |Don Curtis<br />Louie Tillet |1981 |Ran against the NWA's Florida office following a dispute with [[Eddie Graham]]. |- |Suncoast Pro Wrestling |[[Bradenton, Florida]] |Henry Raines |1989–1993 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Universal Wrestling Association |[[Panama City, Florida]] |Lynn Austin |1985 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |World League Wrestling |[[Jacksonville, Florida]] |[[Don Curtis]] |1981 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===Georgia=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |All South Wrestling Alliance |[[Atlanta|Atlanta, Georgia]] |Ann Gunkel |1972–1974 |Ran against [[Georgia Championship Wrestling]] after her husband's death.<ref name="Titles"/> |- |All Star Championship Wrestling |[[Macon, Georgia]] |Grady Odom |1985 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |American Wrestling Federation | | |1984 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |American Wrestling Federation |[[Bainbridge, Georgia]] |Frankie Cain |1986 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |[[Deep South Wrestling]] |[[McDonough, Georgia]] |[[Jody Hamilton]] |1986–1988 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |International Wrestling League |[[Atlanta|Atlanta, Georgia]] |Jim Wilson<br />[[Thunderbolt Patterson]] |1974 |Ran against [[Georgia Championship Wrestling]] in the mid-1970s. Filed an anti-trust lawsuit against the NWA in 1976.<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legacyofwrestling.com/NWALegal.html |title=National Wrestling Alliance Legal Problems |author=Hornbaker, Tim |date=January 4, 2011 |publisher=Legacyofwrestling.com }}</ref> |- |[[Southern Championship Wrestling (Georgia)|Southern Championship Wrestling]] |[[Atlanta|Atlanta, Georgia]] |[[Jerry Blackwell]]<br />[[Joe Pedicino]] |1988–1990 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Star Cavalcade Wrestling |[[Bainbridge, Georgia]] |Frankie Cain<br />Lowell Takles<br />Sue Takles |1988 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Star Wrestling |[[Bainbridge, Georgia]] |Frankie Cain |1982 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |World League Wrestling |[[Atlanta|Atlanta, Georgia]] |[[Lars Anderson (wrestler)|Lars Anderson]] |1979–1982 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===Kentucky=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |All-Star Wrestling |[[Paducah, Kentucky]] |Phil Golden |1972–1974 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |[[International Championship Wrestling]] |[[Lexington, Kentucky]] |[[Angelo Poffo]] |1978–1984 |Ran against [[Continental Wrestling Association]] in Kentucky and assisted fellow outlaw promotion All-Star Wrestling in its war against the NWA-affiliated [[Continental Championship Wrestling|Southeastern Championship Wrestling]] in [[Knoxville, Tennessee]].<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="RingJUN1982"/><ref name="RingAUG1982"/><ref name="OWW"/> |- |International Wrestling Association | | |1984 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Mountain Wrestling Association <!-- Mid-Continental Wrestling Association --> |[[Georgetown, Kentucky]] |Dale Mann |1979–1995 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===North Carolina=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Atlantic Coast Wrestling |[[Mooresville, North Carolina]] |Nelson Royal |1988–1991 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mikemooneyham.com/2002/02/10/nellie-royal-leaves-behind-golden-memories/ |title=Nellie Royal Leaves Behind Golden Memories |author=Mooneyham, Mike |date=February 10, 2002 |work=The Wrestling Gospel According to Mike Mooneyham |publisher=MikeMooneyham.com |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.midatlanticgateway.com/hoh/inductees/2009_royal/2009_royal.htm |title=Nelson Royal: Class of 2009 |year=2009 |work=Hall of Heroes Class of 2009: Nelson Royal |publisher=MidAtlanticGateway.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090701061853/http://www.midatlanticgateway.com/hoh/inductees/2009_royal/2009_royal.htm|archive-date=2009-07-01|url-status=dead |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |Carolina Championship Wrestling Alliance |[[Smithfield, North Carolina]] |Dexter Justice-Smithfield<br />Glenwood Crocker<br />Jerry Kennett <!-- Kahn the Warlord --><br />Jim Massingale<br />Sandy Lee |1987–1997 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Jerry Kennett: Wrestler enters new arena |agency=Associated Press |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1734&dat=19930922&id=PFQqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0FIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5507,1718476 |newspaper=The Dispatch |date=September 22, 1993 |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Wrestling with city woes? Mayor's new arena is located in council hall |agency=Associated Press |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=886&dat=19931209&id=zScOAAAAIBAJ&sjid=on0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6615,1140500 |newspaper=The Prescott Courier |date=December 9, 1993 |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |Eastern Wrestling Association |[[Lexington, North Carolina]] |Johnny Hunter |1974–1989 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="RingAUG1982"/> |- |International Wrestling Alliance |[[Greensboro, North Carolina]] |Ken Spence |1979–1997 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |North American Wrestling Alliance |[[Burlington, North Carolina]] |James Wells |1980–1999 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |North American Wrestling Alliance |[[Kings Mountain, North Carolina]] |Buddy Porter |1982–1995 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |North American Wrestling Alliance |[[Lenoir, North Carolina]] |Mark Henderson <!-- The Executioner --> |1982–2000 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |[[South Atlantic Pro Wrestling]] |[[Charlotte, North Carolina]] |[[George Scott (wrestler)|George Scott]]<br />[[Paul Jones (wrestler)|Paul Jones]] |1990–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Southern Championship Wrestling |[[Lenoir, North Carolina]] |Chief Jay Eagle |1983–1990 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===South Carolina=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Atlantic Coast Wrestling |[[Columbia, South Carolina]] |Ira Parks |1981–1990 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Big Time Promotions |[[Inman, South Carolina]] |Dale Stepp |1982–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===Tennessee=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |[[All-Star Championship Wrestling]] |Knoxville, Tennessee |Bob Roop<br />Bob Orton, Jr.<br />Boris Malenko<br />Ron Garvin<br />Ron Wright |1979–1980 |Split from [[Continental Championship Wrestling|Southeastern Championship Wrestling]] following a dispute with [[Ron Fuller (wrestler)|Ron Fuller]]. Merged with [[Lexington, Kentucky]]-based [[International Championship Wrestling]] in 1980. |- |All Star Championship Wrestling |[[Knoxville, Tennessee]] |Bill Needham |1990–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |[[Continental Wrestling Federation]] |[[Knoxville, Tennessee]] |[[Ron Fuller (wrestler)|Ron Fuller]] |1988–1989 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Independent Wrestlers Union |[[Franklin, Tennessee]] | |1982 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="RingAUG1982"/> |- |Mid-South Wrestling Association |[[Memphis, Tennessee]] |Russ Edwards |1982 |Also known as Mid-South Pro Wrestling.<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Southern States Championship Wrestling |[[Knoxville, Tennessee]] |James Strange |1986–1991 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |USA Wrestling |[[Knoxville, Tennessee]] |David Woods<br />Robert Fuller |1987–1988 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Universal Wrestling Association |[[Knoxville, Tennessee]] |Buddy Lee<br />[[Lou Thesz]] |1976 |Ran against [[NWA Mid-America]] following a dispute with [[Nick Gulas]].<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/memphis/memphis-cwa3-2.htm |title=Memphis/CWA #3 Page #2 |author=Dills, Tim |date=2004 |work=Regional Territories: Memphis/CWA |publisher=KayfabeMemories.com |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |} ===Virginia=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |All-American Wrestling |Rye Cove, Virginia |Denny Million <!-- Denny Cooley --><br />Jerry Vanover |1988–1996 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |American Championship Wrestling |[[Hillsville, Virginia]] |Bob Ross |1978– |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |United Wrestling Association |[[Castlewood, Virginia]] |Mike Samson |1989–1995 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Virginia Wrestling Association |[[Richmond, Virginia]] |Dave Leehy |1988–1993 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===West Virginia=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |[[WOAY-TV|American International Wrestling]] |[[Oak Hill, West Virginia]] | |1954–1977 |<ref>{{cite episode |title=Saturday Night Wrasslin' |series=Newswatch 4 |network=[[WOAY-TV]] |date=1999 |last=Snyder |first=Nancy (host)}}</ref> |- |American International Wrestling |[[Logan, West Virginia]] |Larry Bowling |1989 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |North American Championship Wrestling | | |1980–1985 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Three Rivers Wrestling | |[[Ken Jugan]] |1977–1979 |Merged with the Knoxville, Tennessee-based All-Star Wrestling in September 1979. |- |United Wrestling Alliance | | |1982 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="RingAUG1982"/> |} ==Southwest== ===Arizona=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |International Wrestling Union |[[Phoenix, Arizona]] |Marcial Bovee |1983 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Universal Wrestling Association |[[Phoenix, Arizona]] |Barry Bernsten |1972–1974 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Western States Wrestling Alliance |[[Phoenix, Arizona]] |Barry Bernsten<br />David Rose<br />Marcial Bovee |1974–1991 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="RingJUN1982"/><ref name="RingAUG1982"/> |- |World Athletic Association |[[Phoenix, Arizona]] |[[Al Fenn]]<br />Ernie Mohammed |1954–1973 |<ref name="Titles"/> |} ===Oklahoma=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |[[Universal Wrestling Federation (Bill Watts)|Universal Wrestling Federation]] |[[Tulsa, Oklahoma]] |[[Bill Watts]] |1979–1987 |Originally known as Mid-South Wrestling from 1979 to 1986. Left the NWA in 1979 to compete against the [[World Wrestling Federation]].<ref name="OWW"/> |} ===Texas=== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |Dallas Wrestling Club |[[Dallas, Texas]] |Ed McLemore |1940–1968 |Ran against the NWA's Dallas office under Norman Clark from 1952 to 1953. He later partnered with [[Fritz Von Erich]] and took over the territory as [[World Class Championship Wrestling|NWA Big Time Wrestling]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legacyofwrestling.com/DallasTerritory.html |title=Dallas Wrestling Territory |author=Hornbaker, Tim |publisher=Legacyofwrestling.com }}</ref> |- |North American Wrestling Alliance |[[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas]] |[[Killer Tim Brooks]] |1990–1991 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Southwest Championship Wrestling |[[San Antonio, Texas]] |[[Joe Blanchard]] |1978–1985 |Ran against NWA Big Time Wrestling in the late-1970s.<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="OWW"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2012/03/22/19536441.html |title=Slam! Wrestling: Joe Blanchard passes |author=Oliver, Greg |date=March 22, 2012 |publisher=[[Canoe.ca|Slam! Sports]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115121637/http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2012/03/22/19536441.html|archive-date=2013-01-15|url-status=dead |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Former wrestler Joe Blanchard dead at 83 |author=Kosub, LeAnna |url=http://blog.mysanantonio.com/the-local-scene/2012/03/former-wrestler-joe-blanchard-dead-at-84/ |newspaper=The Local Scene |date=March 22, 2012 |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |Texas All-Pro Wrestling |[[Houston, Texas]] |Tugboat Taylor |1989–1995 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Texas All-Star Wrestling |[[San Antonio, Texas]] |Fred Behrend |1985–1986 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Texas Wrestling Federation |[[Dallas|Dallas, Texas]] |[[Gary Hart (wrestler)|Gary Hart]] |1990–1991 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Wild West Wrestling |[[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas]] |Ken Mantell |1987–1988 |Ran against [[World Class Championship Wrestling]] in 1987.<ref name="Titles"/> |- |West Texas Wrestling Association | | |1983 | |- |[[World Class Championship Wrestling]] |[[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas]] |[[Fritz Von Erich]] |1986–1990 |Originally known as NWA Big Time Wrestling from 1966 to 1982. Left NWA in 1986 to compete against the [[World Wrestling Federation]].<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="OWW"/> |} ==West Coast== {| class=wikitable ! width="21%" | Name ! width="7%" | Location ! width="21%" | Owner(s) ! width="7%" | Years active ! width="55%" | Notes |- valign="top" |All-California Championship Wrestling |[[San Bernardino, California]] |Joe Palumbo |1987–1989 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |American Wrestling Alliance |[[San Francisco, California]] |Roy Shire |1961–1981 |Ran against the NWA's Los Angeles office under Joe Malewicz. After running Malewicz out of business, Shire joined NWA in 1968 as "NWA Big Time Wrestling".<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="OWW"/> |- |Bay Area Wrestling |[[San Francisco, California]] |[[Woody Farmer]] |1989–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2007/03/20/3790664.html |title=Slam! Wrestling: Woody Farmer leads three generations to battle |author=Lano, Mike |date=April 23, 2007 |publisher=[[Canoe.ca|Slam! Sports]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115065343/http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2007/03/20/3790664.html|archive-date=2013-01-15|url-status=dead |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |California Pro Wrestling |[[Los Angeles]] |Karl Lauer |1983–1990 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Golden State Wrestling |Southern California |Bill Carr |1987 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |International Wrestling Federation |[[Culver City, California]] |Eric Shaw |1986–1990 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Oregon Wrestling Federation |[[Portland, Oregon]] |[[Billy Jack Haynes]] |1988 |Ran against [[Portland Wrestling]] in the summer of 1988.<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Pacific Coast Championship Wrestling |[[Hayward, California]] |Jerry Monti |1991–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Pacific Coast Crown Championship Wrestling |[[California]] |DA Thunder |1986–1987 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Superstar Championship Wrestling |[[Seattle, Washington]] |Dean Silverstone |1973–1978 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2003/03/28/53234.html |title=Slam! Wrestling: Site of WMXIX has deep wrestling roots |author=Oliver, Greg |date=March 28, 2003 |publisher=[[Canoe.ca|Slam! Sports]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115093723/http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2003/03/28/53234.html|archive-date=2013-01-15|url-status=dead |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref> |- |West Coast Wrestling Alliance |[[Fresno, California]] |Gloria Gale Lane |1991–1992 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |Western States Alliance / Western Championship Wrestling |[[Southern California]] |Antone Leone |1981–1982 |<ref name="Titles"/><ref name="RingJUN1982"/> |- |Western States Wrestling Association |[[San Bernardino, California]] |Billy Anderson<br/>[[Jesse Hernandez]] |1988–1991 |<ref name="Titles"/> |- |[[Worldwide Wrestling Associates]] |[[Los Angeles]] |Mike LeBell |1958–1982 |Originally known as North American Wrestling Alliance from 1958 to 1961. Rejoined the NWA in 1968 as "NWA Hollywood Wrestling". |} ==References== ;General *{{cite book | author= Hornbaker, Tim | title= National Wrestling Alliance: The Untold Story of the Monopoly that Strangled Pro Wrestling | publisher=ECW Press | year=2007| isbn=978-1-55022-741-3}} ;Specific {{Reflist}} ==External links== * {{cite podcast |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B3G2hwKstWY |title=Jim Cornette's Drive Thru – Episode 262 |website=Jim Cornette's Drive Thru |publisher=YouTube.com |host=[[Jim Cornette]] |date=December 13, 2018 |time= |access-date= |quote=What Is Outlaw Wrestling?}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Outlaw wrestling promotions}} [[Category:Professional wrestling-related lists]]'