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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">
<title>HEC Management</title>
<meta content="" name="description">
<meta content="" name="keywords">
<!-- Favicons -->
<link href="assets/img/HATI BONDHU low. JPEG.jpg" rel="icon">
<link href="assets/img/HATI BONDHU low. JPEG.jpg" rel="apple-touch-icon">
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<!-- Template Main CSS File -->
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<!-- =======================================================
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</head>
<body>
<!-- ======= Header ======= -->
<header id="header" class="fixed-top">
<div class="container d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between">
<!-- <h1 class="logo"><a href="index.html">Hati Bondhu</a></h1> -->
<!-- Uncomment below if you prefer to use an image logo -->
<a href="index.html" class="logo"><img src="assets/img/HATI BONDHU low. JPEG.jpg" alt="" class="img-fluid"></a>
<nav id="navbar" class="navbar">
<ul>
<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="hec.html" class="active">HEC in Assam</a></li>
<li class="dropdown"><a href="#"><span>About Us</span> <i class="bi bi-chevron-down"></i></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="mission.html">Our Mission and Philosophy</a></li>
<li><a href="our-story.html">Our Story</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="family.html">Hati Bondhu Family</a></li>
<li class="dropdown"><a href="work.html"><span>Our Projects</span> <i class="bi bi-chevron-down"></i></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="work.html#habitat">Elephant Habitat Enrichment Program</a></li>
<li><a href="work.html#skill">Community Skill Development Program</a></li>
<li><a href="work.html#paddy">Community Paddy Plantation Program</a></li>
<li><a href="work.html#awareness">Sensitisation and Awareness Program for Rural Children</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="gallery.html">Gallery</a></li>
<li><a href="contact.html">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
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</nav><!-- .navbar -->
</div>
</header><!-- End Header -->
<main id="main">
<!-- ======= Breadcrumbs ======= -->
<section id="breadcrumbs" class="breadcrumbs">
<div class="container">
<div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center">
<h2>The Nature of Human Elephant Conflict in Assam</h2>
<ol>
<li><a href="index.html">Home</a></li>
<li>HEC in Assam</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</section><!-- End Breadcrumbs -->
<section id="event-list" class="event-list">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-12 d-flex align-items-stretch">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-img">
<img src="assets/img/hec.jpg" alt="...">
</div>
<div class="card-body" style="text-align: center;">
<h5 class="card-title">Human Elephant Conflict in Assam</h5>
<p class="card-text">Assam comprises a population of 5,719 [1] wild
elephants in the region and is considered a crucial
conservation zone for Asian elephants in India.
However, over the years, Assam has been flagged as a
region with high human-elephant conflict cases in the
country - thereby posing a significant conservation
threat to the remaining population of elephants within
its borders.
<p style="text-align: right; font-size: small;"><i>Image Source: The Quint</i></p>
<p style="text-align: right; font-size: small;"><i>[1] All India Synchronized Elephant Population Estimation Report 2017, MoEFCC</i></p>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 d-flex align-items-stretch">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-img">
<img src="assets/img/hec-2.JPG" alt="...">
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Loss of elephant habitats</h5>
<p class="card-text">Unsustainable clearing of forest areas and extraction of forest resources
for agricultural and commercial purposes are increasing conflicts over
space between humans and elephants in Assam. It is estimated that
between 1990-1998 more than 1500 sq/km (37%) of forest area had been
illegal encroached upon and destroyed in the region[2]. Such activities have
forced elephants to change their migratory routes and stray towards
human settlements in search of food, thus bringing the animals into more
frequent confrontations with humans.</p>
<br/>
<p style="text-align: right; font-size: small;"><i>[2] STATUS, TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF FOREST CONSERVATION IN ASSAM, INDIA, BK Talukdar, 2003</i></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 d-flex align-items-stretch">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-img">
<img src="assets/img/hec-3.jpg" alt="...">
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Loss of community crops and local livelihoods</h5>
<p class="card-text">Elephants foraging on paddy crops cultivated by farmers are a common sight
in Assam. Most human-elephant conflicts take place during Nov-Jan - which is
the local harvesting season for crops. Due to loss of habitat and subsequent
loss of food security, elephants are compelled to forage on community crops
to satisfy their nutritional requirements, irrespective of the risks or costs
involved. Because Assam is predominantly an agrarian state, such activities
adversely impact farmer livelihoods and evoke negative attitudes towards wild
elephants locally. Moreover, the economic losses sustained by farmers often
drive them to retaliate violently towards elephants to protect their livelihoods -
thus, causing high tensions between locals and elephants in the region.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 d-flex align-items-stretch">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-img">
<img src="assets/img/hec-4.JPG" alt="...">
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<h5 class="card-title">Violent retaliation against elephants</h5>
<p class="card-text">Vulnerability to crop and property damage causes farmers to negatively
perceive elephants as the greatest threat to their livelihoods. Because the
losses incurred from crop and property damage are disproportionately
high, farmers resort to retaliatory killings of elephants to guard their fields.
Some of the retaliatory practices employed are pelting stones, burning
bamboo and chillies, bursting firecrackers, and shooting air pellets at
migrating herds. Such acts of violence can leave a herd of elephants
severely injured and displaced.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</main><!-- End #main -->
<!-- ======= Footer ======= -->
<footer id="footer">
<div class="container">
<h3>Hati Bondhu</h3>
<h5 style="text-shadow: 0 0 0;">"Bringing Communities and Elephants Together"</h5>
<h6 style="text-shadow: 0 0 0;">"An Osom Educational Trust Initiative (estd. 1986), Amingaon, North Guwahati - 781039, Assam"</h6>
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© Copyright <strong><span>Hati Bondhu</span></strong>. All Rights Reserved
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