Tasks 0. Sky is the limit, let's bring that limit higher mandatory Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%) In this web stack debugging task, we are testing how well our web server setup featuring Nginx is doing under pressure and it turns out it’s not doing well: we are getting a huge amount of failed requests.

For the benchmarking, we are using ApacheBench which is a quite popular tool in the industry. It allows you to simulate HTTP requests to a web server. In this case, I will make 2000 requests to my server with 100 requests at a time. We can see that 943 requests failed, let’s fix our stack so that we get to 0, and remember that when something is going wrong, logs are your best friends!

root@0a62aa706eb3:/# ab -c 100 -n 2000 localhost/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1528965 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking localhost (be patient) Completed 200 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 600 requests Completed 800 requests Completed 1000 requests Completed 1200 requests Completed 1400 requests Completed 1600 requests Completed 1800 requests Completed 2000 requests Finished 2000 requests

Server Software: nginx/1.4.6 Server Hostname: localhost Server Port: 80

Document Path: / Document Length: 201 bytes

Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 0.353 seconds Complete requests: 2000 Failed requests: 943 (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 943, Exceptions: 0) Non-2xx responses: 1057 Total transferred: 1196526 bytes HTML transferred: 789573 bytes Requests per second: 5664.01 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 17.655 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.177 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 3309.15 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 1.1 0 8 Processing: 2 17 3.8 17 24 Waiting: 2 17 3.8 17 24 Total: 9 17 3.3 17 24

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 17 66% 19 75% 20 80% 20 90% 21 95% 23 98% 23 99% 23 100% 24 (longest request) root@0a62aa706eb3:/# root@0a62aa706eb3:/# puppet apply 0-the_sky_is_the_limit_not.pp Notice: Compiled catalog for 0a62aa706eb3.local in environment production in 0.01 seconds Notice: /Stage[main]/Main/Exec[fix--for-nginx]/returns: executed successfully Notice: Finished catalog run in 1.12 seconds root@0a62aa706eb3:/# root@0a62aa706eb3:/# root@0a62aa706eb3:/# ab -c 100 -n 2000 localhost/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1528965 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking localhost (be patient) Completed 200 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 600 requests Completed 800 requests Completed 1000 requests Completed 1200 requests Completed 1400 requests Completed 1600 requests Completed 1800 requests Completed 2000 requests Finished 2000 requests

Server Software: nginx/1.4.6 Server Hostname: localhost Server Port: 80

Document Path: / Document Length: 612 bytes

Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 0.301 seconds Complete requests: 2000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 1706000 bytes HTML transferred: 1224000 bytes Requests per second: 6650.99 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 15.035 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.150 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 5540.33 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 4 2.5 3 12 Processing: 2 11 5.2 10 31 Waiting: 1 10 5.2 8 29 Total: 5 15 5.2 14 31

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 14 66% 17 75% 18 80% 19 90% 22 95% 26 98% 27 99% 28 100% 31 (longest request) root@0a62aa706eb3:/# Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-system_engineering-devops Directory: 0x1B-web_stack_debugging_4 File: 0-the_sky_is_the_limit_not.pp

1. User limit #advanced Score: 100.0% (Checks completed: 100.0%) Change the OS configuration so that it is possible to login with the holberton user and open a file without any error message.

root@079b7269ec1b:# su - holberton -su: /etc/profile: Too many open files -su: /home/holberton/.bash_profile: Too many open files -su-4.3$ head /etc/passwd -su: start_pipeline: pgrp pipe: Too many open files root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin -su-4.3$ -su-4.3$ -su-4.3$ logout -su: /home/holberton/.bash_logout: Too many open files -su: /etc/bash.bash_logout: Too many open files root@079b7269ec1b:# root@079b7269ec1b:# root@079b7269ec1b:# puppet apply 1-user_limit.pp Notice: Compiled catalog for 079b7269ec1b.ec2.internal in environment production in 0.02 seconds Notice: /Stage[main]/Main/Exec[change-os-configuration-for-holberton-user]/returns: executed successfully Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.06 seconds root@079b7269ec1b:# root@079b7269ec1b:# root@079b7269ec1b:# su - holberton holberton@079b7269ec1b:$ head /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin holberton@079b7269ec1b:~$ Repo:

GitHub repository: alx-system_engineering-devops Directory: 0x1B-web_stack_debugging_4 File: 1-user_limit.pp