diff --git a/src/DSN/DSN.php b/src/DSN/DSN.php
index fd1111b..1256c39 100644
--- a/src/DSN/DSN.php
+++ b/src/DSN/DSN.php
@@ -53,29 +53,80 @@ class DSN
      */
     public function __construct(string $dsn)
     {
-        $parts = \parse_url($dsn);
-
-        if (!$parts) {
-            throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Unable to parse DSN: $dsn");
-        }
+        $parts = $this->parseDsn($dsn);
 
         if (empty($parts['scheme'])) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Unable to parse DSN: scheme is required');
         }
 
-        if (empty($parts['host'])) {
-            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Unable to parse DSN: host is required');
+        $hasAuthority = (($parts['host'] ?? '') !== '') || isset($parts['user']) || isset($parts['pass']) || isset($parts['port']);
+        $hasPath = array_key_exists('path', $parts) && $parts['path'] !== '';
+        $hasQuery = array_key_exists('query', $parts) && $parts['query'] !== '';
+
+        if (! $hasAuthority && ! $hasPath && ! $hasQuery) {
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Unable to parse DSN: missing connection information');
         }
 
         $this->scheme = $parts['scheme'];
         $this->user = isset($parts['user']) ? \urldecode($parts['user']) : null;
         $this->password = isset($parts['pass']) ? \urldecode($parts['pass']) : null;
-        $this->host = $parts['host'];
+        $this->host = $parts['host'] ?? '';
         $this->port = $parts['port'] ?? null;
         $this->path = isset($parts['path']) ? ltrim((string) $parts['path'], '/') : '';
         $this->query = $parts['query'] ?? null;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Parse a DSN string while tolerating missing host values.
+     *
+     * @return array<string, mixed>
+     */
+    protected function parseDsn(string $dsn): array
+    {
+        $parts = \parse_url($dsn);
+
+        if ($parts !== false) {
+            return $parts;
+        }
+
+        if (! \preg_match('/^(?<scheme>[a-z][a-z0-9+\.\-]*):\/\/(?<rest>.*)$/i', $dsn, $matches)) {
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Unable to parse DSN: $dsn");
+        }
+
+        $placeholder = '__utopia_dsn_placeholder__';
+        $rest = $matches['rest'];
+
+        $authorityEnd = strcspn($rest, '/?#');
+        $authority = substr($rest, 0, $authorityEnd);
+        $suffix = substr($rest, $authorityEnd);
+
+        $hostMissing = $authority === '';
+
+        if (! $hostMissing && \str_contains($authority, '@')) {
+            $afterAt = substr($authority, strrpos($authority, '@') + 1);
+            $hostMissing = $afterAt === '';
+            $authority = rtrim($authority, '@');
+        }
+
+        if ($hostMissing) {
+            $authority = $authority === '' ? $placeholder : $authority . '@' . $placeholder;
+        }
+
+        $normalized = $matches['scheme'] . '://' . $authority . $suffix;
+
+        $parts = \parse_url($normalized);
+
+        if ($parts === false) {
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Unable to parse DSN: $dsn");
+        }
+
+        if (($parts['host'] ?? null) === $placeholder) {
+            $parts['host'] = '';
+        }
+
+        return $parts;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Return the scheme.
      *
diff --git a/tests/DSN/DSNTest.php b/tests/DSN/DSNTest.php
index 4521f37..aaedd82 100644
--- a/tests/DSN/DSNTest.php
+++ b/tests/DSN/DSNTest.php
@@ -138,6 +138,43 @@ public function testSuccess(): void
         $this->assertEquals("value=$encoded", $dsn->getQuery());
     }
 
+    public function testPartial(): void
+    {
+        $dsn = new DSN('redis://user@');
+        $this->assertEquals('redis', $dsn->getScheme());
+        $this->assertEquals('user', $dsn->getUser());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getPassword());
+        $this->assertSame('', $dsn->getHost());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getPort());
+        $this->assertEmpty($dsn->getPath());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getQuery());
+
+        $dsn = new DSN('redis://:secret@');
+        $this->assertEmpty($dsn->getUser());
+        $this->assertEquals('secret', $dsn->getPassword());
+        $this->assertSame('', $dsn->getHost());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getPort());
+        $this->assertEmpty($dsn->getPath());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getQuery());
+
+        $dsn = new DSN('redis:///cache');
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getUser());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getPassword());
+        $this->assertSame('', $dsn->getHost());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getPort());
+        $this->assertEquals('cache', $dsn->getPath());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getQuery());
+
+        $dsn = new DSN('redis://?timeout=5');
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getUser());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getPassword());
+        $this->assertSame('', $dsn->getHost());
+        $this->assertNull($dsn->getPort());
+        $this->assertEmpty($dsn->getPath());
+        $this->assertEquals('timeout=5', $dsn->getQuery());
+        $this->assertEquals('5', $dsn->getParam('timeout'));
+    }
+
     public function testGetParam(): void
     {
         $dsn = new DSN('mariadb://user:password@localhost:3306/database?charset=utf8&timezone=UTC');