Wikipedia

Yernish

çhengey Ghaelgagh ta loayrit ayns Nerin

Ta'n Yernish, ny Gaelg Yernagh,[2] (An Ghaeilge) ny çhengey Cheltiagh ta goll er loayrt ayns Nerin. Ec y traa t'ayn ta'n Yernish ec mynlagh pobble Nerin - ayns ny Gaeltaghtyn son y chooid smoo - agh ta paart mooar cowreydagh eck ayns seihll steat Nerin, as t'ee ymmydit ayns ram aghtyn ym-ysseraght, co-hecksyn persoonagh as staydyn sheshoil. Rere y vunraght, t'ee ny preeu-hengey oikoil as ny çhengey ashoonagh ayns Pobblaght Nerin as ta staydys oikoil eck 'syn Unnaneys Oarpagh. Ta staydys oikoil mynlagh urree ayns Nerin Hwoaie neeshtçp.

Yernish
An Ghaeilge
Fockley magh [ˈɡeːlʲɟə]
Goll er loayrt ayns Pobblaght Nerin, Reeriaght Unnaneysit, Ny Steatyn Unnaneysit, Y Chanadey
Ard Gaeltaghtyn, agh er feie Nerin myrgeddin
Earroo loayreyderyn 355,000 loayreyderyn dooghyssagh ny flaaoil (1983)[1]
538,283 loayreyderyn laaoil (2006)
1,860,000 lesh fys ennagh (2006)
Kynney çhengey Ind-Oarpagh
Corys screeuee Romanagh (Lhieggan Yernish)
Staydys oikoil
Çhengey oikoil ayns Pobblaght Nerin
Yn Unnaneys Oarpagh
Staydys mynlagh oikoil ayns Reeriaght Unnaneysit
Fo stiurey ec Foras na Gaeilge
Coadyn çhengey
ISO 639-1 ga
ISO 639-2 gle
ISO 639-3 gle
Linguasphere 50-AAA-a
Nodyn: Foddee vel cowraghyn sheeanagh ASE ayns Unicode er yn duillag shoh.
Yernisheyryn 'sy cheead rere coontae ny Pobblaght; ta ny shey coondaeghyn ayns Neri Hwoaie currit ry-cheilley.

Ta'n Yernish myr preeu-hengey hielagh as co-phobbylagh ec 3% phobble ny Pobblaght[3] (as eh 4,422,100 er ooley 'sy vlein 2008).[4] Cha nel fys jarrooagh er earroo ny loayreyderyn ry gheddyn, agh t'eh er ny chredjal dy vel eddyr 20,000 as 80,000 loayreyderyn dooghyssagh ayn.[5] [6] [7] Rere Rheynn Chooishyn Co-phobbylagh, Çheerey as ny Gaeltaght va 17,000 cummaltee ayns Gaeltaghtyn lajer as 17,000 cummaltee ayns Gaeltaghtyn as y Yernish ny çhengey hoogh, as va 17,000 cummaltee ayns lag-Ghaeltaghtyn; cha row yn Yernish ny çhengey lajer 'sy chooid elley jeh'n Ghaeltaght oikoil.[8] Agh, er yn oyr dy vel y Yernish er ny ynsagh ayns ny scoillyn, ta ram sleih elley lesh y Yernish myr y nah-hengey oc, ansherbee. Harrish shen ta 1,656,790 (41.9% sleih-earroo ny Pobblaght as ad 3 bleeaney ny ny s'aa) dy leih gra dy vel y Yernish oc er aght ennagh.[9] Mastey ny h-earrooyn shen ta'n Yernish ec 538,283 (32.5%) persoonyn myr çhengey laaoil (goaill stiagh loayreyderyn dooghyssagh as ad t'ayns y chorys ynsee), as 97,089 (5.9%) persoonyn myr çhengey hiaghtinoil.

Ta 14% sleih-earroo Phobblaght Nerin geaishtaght lesh claareyn radio ayns Yernish dagh laa, 16% geaishtaght eddyr daa as queig keayrtyn 'sy çhiaghtyn, as ta 24% geaishtaght lhieu keayrt 'sy çhiaghtyn.

Rere coontey-pobble ny bleeaney 2006, va 91,862 cummaltee 'sy Ghaeltaght oikoil. Mastey ny cummaltee shen, va'n Yernish loayrit ec 70.8% y phobble as va mygeayrt 60% cummaltee gra ayns Yernish dagh laa.[9]

Rere coontey-pobble ny bleeaney 2001 ayns Nerin Hwoaie va fys ennagh er y Yernish ec 167,487 (10.4%) cummaltee Nerin Hwoaie. Nar ta ny h-earrooyn shen currit ry-cheilley t'ad taishbyney dy vel tushtey ennagh ny Yernish ec 33% (~1.8 millioonyn) dy phobble yn ellan.

Er 13 Mean Souree 2005, ren shirveishee chooishyn joarree yn UO briwnys dys staydys çhengey oikoil y chur er y Yernish. Haink y briwnys ayns bree er 1 Jerrey Geuree 2007, as va'n Yernish ymmydit son y chied cheayrt ayns cruinnaght Choyrle Hirveishee yn UO er 22 Jerrey Geuree 2007 ec y Shirveishagh Noel Treacy, T.D.

Enmyn ny çhengey

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'Sy Chaighdeán Oifigiúil (bun-towshan screeudeyrys oikoil) she Gaeilge (Fockley magh Yernagh: [ˈɡeːlʲɟə]) ennym ny çhengey, as yn ennym shen aahoilshaghey fockley magh Connaghtagh yiass.

Roish aachummey lettraghey ny bleeaney 1948, va'n cummey lettragh Gaedhilge currit urree; v'eh shen ny lhieggan gienneydagh er Gaedhealg, y cummey va ymmydit 'sy Yernish Noa-emshyragh chlassicagh.[10] Ta shenn-chummaghyn y lhieggan shen goaill stiagh Gaoidhealg 'sy Yernish Veanagh as Goídelc 'sy Çhenn Yernish. Ta'n lettraghey noa-emshyragh çheet magh as scryssey magh y dh tostagh ayns laare yn 'ockle Gaedhilge.

Ta lhiegganyn elley yn ennym ry-gheddyn ayns abbyrtyn eigsoylagh ny Yernish noa-emshyragh, ayns bishaght lesh Gaeilge Chonnaghtey yiass va imraait shoh heose. T'ad goaill stiagh Gaedhilg ([ˈɡeːlʲɪc]) ayns Yernish Chonnaghtey, Gaedhilic/Gaeilic/Gaeilig ([ˈɡeːlʲɪc]) ny Gaedhlag ([ˈɡeːl̪ˠəɡ]) ayns Yernish Ullee as Yernish Chonnaghtey hwoaie, as Gaedhealaing/Gaoluinn/Gaelainn ([ˈɡˠeːl̪ˠɪŋ/ˈɡˠeːl̪ˠɪn])[11][12] ayns Yernish Vooan.

Staydys oikoil

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Ayns Pobblaght Nerin

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Rere Bunraght Nerin ta'n Yernish currit er enney myr preeu-hengey oikoil as myr çhengey ashoonagh Phobblaght Nerin (myrane lesh y Vaarle myr y nah çhengey oikoil). Veih bunneeaght Heyr Steat Nerin ayns 1922, va Reiltys Nerin geignaghey ard-cheim aghtallys ayns Yernish ec dagh dooinney as ad geearree kiartaghyn 'sy çhirveish theayagh (goaill stiagh fir phost, fir oikagh cheesh, scruteyryn eirinagh, a.r.e.).[13]. Va aghtallys ayns un hengey ry hoi çheet stiagh 'sy çhirveish theayagh currit lesh stiagh 'sy vlein 1974, ayns paart rere immeeaghtyn gleashaghtyn çhionnraa lheid as y Gleashaght Seyrsnys Çhengey.

Faagail magh nagh vel shirreydysny Preeu-hengey Oikoil yeearrit ry hoi kiartaghyn 'sy çhirveish theayagh lhean, shegin da scollagyn, t'ayns scoillyn 'sy Phobblaght ta jannoo folaue er argid veih'n reiltys, studeyrys y yannoo er y Yernish. Shegin da fir ynsee ny bun-scoillyn çheet lesh scrutaght eginagh ayns Yernish fo ennm "Scrúdú Cáilíochta sa Ghaeilge" (Scrutaght Whaalid 'sy Ghaelg). Shegin da deiney as ad geearee çheet stiagh ayns ny Gardaí (y phollys) çheet lesh Yernish ny Baarle 'syn Ard-teisht, agh ta lessoonyn currit gys shirreyderyn as ad 'sy cholleish ynsee. Rere Acht na dTeangacha Oifigiúla 2003 (Slattys Çhengaghyn Oikoil 2003), shegin da dagh docamad Reiltys Nerin ve soilshit magh ayns Yernish as Baarle, ny ayns Yernish ynrican. Ta'n slattys shen currit ayns bree liorish "an Comisinéir Teanga", neuaashideyr ny çhengey.

Ayns 1938, va kiaddeyder Conradh na Gaeilge, Douglas Hyde, reiht myr kied Eaghtyrane Nerin. Va'n oraid echey raait ayns abbyrt marroo Ros Comain.

Rere Art 25.4 Vunraght Nerin, shegin da'n reiltys soilshaghey magh slattyssyn noa ayns Yernish as Baarle, ny dy yannoo "çhyndaa oikoil" jeh çhelleeragh dys y çhengey oikoil elley. Nei shen, t'ad ry-gheddyn ayns Baarle ynrican dy mennick[14][15].

Shegin da Ollooscoill Nerin, Galliu reih sleih as tushtey mie ny Yernish oc choud's ta shirredyssyn elley ny kiartagh oc. Ta'n shirreydys shen currit sheese rere Slattys Ollooscoil ny Galliu, 1929 (Olt 3)[16]. T'eh jerkit dy vod y shirreydys shen currit ass ec traa ennagh[17].

Studeyryn va ruggyrit ayns y Phobblaght, my t'ad son jannoo studeyrys ayns Ollooscoill Nerin, shegin da Ardteistiméireacht ny GCSE 'sy Yernish çheet lhieu. Asdyn nagh row ruggyrit 'sy Phobblaght, ny studeyryn as neulhaihderys oc, cha nel y feme cheddin oc[18].

Ayns Nerin Hwoaie

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Cowrey da Rheynn Cultoor, Corsoie, as Ellynyn ayns Nerin Hwoaie, ayns Baarle, Yernish, as Baarle Albinagh Ultagh.

Roish bunneeaght Nerin Hwoaie ayns 1921, va Yernish currit er enney myr çhengey ny scoillyn as myr "Celtiagh" ayns undinyssyn ennagh ny treeoo keim. Eddyr ny bleeantyn 1921 as 1972, va sorçh reiltys jeeveanit ayns Nerin Hwoaie. Car ny bleeantyn shen va'n partee politickagh v'ayns y reiltys Stormont, Partee Unnaneysagh Ulley (PUU), noi'n çhengey. Ayns scaalheaney, va eebyrt currit er naighteyraght chooishyn cultooragh mynlagh, as va eebyrt currit er Yernish er radio as çhellveeish er feie begnagh jeih bleeaey as daeed.[19] Hooar y çhengey sorçh enney formoil ayns Nerin Hwoaie veih'n Reeriaght Unnaneysit, fo Coardail Jeheiney Caisht ny bleeaney 1998,[20] as, ayns 2001, rere shickyraghey y Reiltys, er çheu ny çhengey, jeh Kaart Oarpagh ry hoi Çhengaghyn Ardjynagh ny Mynlagh. Ren y reiltys Goaldagh gialdynys slattys y chur er bun as eh cur creeagh ayns y çhengey myr paart jeh Coardail Chill Rímhinn ny bleeaney 2006.[21]

'Syn Unnaneys Oarpagh

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Choud's ta'n Yernish ny çhengey oikoil jeh'n Unnaneys Oarpagh, cha nel agh reillyn co-vriwnyssagh soilshit magh ayns Yernish nish, rere leodaghey yn-aanoaghey queig-vleinoil er çhyndaaghyn, yeearrit ec Reiltys Nerin as eh barganey staydys oikoil noa ny çhengey. Ta bishaghey ayns rheam ny docamadyn as çhyndaaghyn ry-laccal orroo croghey er eiyrtyssyn y chied aareayrtys queig-vleinoil as er briwnys lhiasaghey y gheddyn lesh reiltys Nerin. Ta reiltys Nerin currit rish ynsaghey glareyderyn as çhyndaaderyn çhengey as gow lesh ny costyssyn ta bentyn rish.[22]

Roish hooar y Yernish staydys oikoil 'syn Unnaneys Oarpagh er 1 Jerrey Geuree 2007, va staydys urree myr çhengey chonaantagh as cha row agh docamadyn jeh'n cheim s'yrjey çhyndaait ayns Yernish.

Gaeltacht

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Ard-art: Gaeltacht
 
Ardjn oikoil ny Gaeltacht

Ta ardjyn ayns Nerin raad dy vel y Yernish loayrit myr çhengey ghooghyssagh hradishonagh dagh laa. Ta'n ennym Gaeltacht (Gaeltaght) currit orroo. T'ad ny lhie ayns:

Chammah as adsyn shoh heose, ta Gaeltaghtyn beggey ry-gheddyn ayns:

She Gaoth Dobhair, Coontae Ghoon ny Ghoal, y skeerey Ghaeltaght smoo ayns Nerin.

 
"Arrey Lhiennoo"

T'ad ny Gaeltaghtyn s'troshey er bunneydys earrooagh as sheshoil na ny Gaeltaghtyn ayns Jiass Chonamara, çheu heear Lieh-innys y Dein as sheear hwoaie Ghoon ny Ghoal, raad dy vel y Yernish ymmydit myr preeu-hengey ny cummaltee. Ta'n ennym Fíor-Ghaeltacht ("Feer-Ghaeltaght") currit er ny h-ardjyn shen as ta begnagh 20,000 cummaltee ayndaue.

Ta ny thousaneyn dy yeigeyryn Yernagh goll gys colleishyn souree dagh blein. Ta ny scollagyn nyn gummal lesh lught thie Gaeltaght, goaill tastey jeh brastylyn, goaill commee ayns spoyrtyn, goll gys kayleeyn (céilidh) as ta currym orroo loayrt ayns Yernish. Ta creeaght currit er dagh reayrtys y chultoor as y hradishoon Yernagh.

Rere fysserree va currit ry cheilley liorish Rheynn Chooishyn Co-phobbylagh, Çheerey as ny Gaeltaght, cha nel Yernish Ghlen agh ec kiarroo lught thie ny Gaeltaght. Er lesh ughtar bun-ronsaghey cruinn y towshan, Donncha Ó hÉallaithe veih Undinys Çhaghnoaylleeaght ny Galliu-Vay Eo, ta polasee ny Yernish va doltit lesh reiltyssyn Nerin ny "hraartys ghlen as yarrooagh". Ren The Irish Times aaraa jeh, as y papyr-naight çheet er y vun-ronsaghey echey 'sy phabyr-naight Yernish Foinse, myr shoh: "T'eh ny chremeydys jarroogh jeh reiltyssyn Yernagh eiyrtyssagh dy row 250,000 Yernisheyryn glen nyn gummal ayns ardjyn lane-Yernagh ny lieh-Yernagh ec bunneeaght Steat Nerin, agh nagh vel agh eddyr 20,000 as 30,000 Yernisheyryn ayn nish."[23]

Abbyrtyn

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Ta ram abbyrtyn eigsoylagh ny Yernish ayn. Trooid as trooid, ta ardjyn ny tree preeu-abbyrtyn coadail ry-cheilley son y chooid smoo lesh queiggaghyn Mooan (Cúige Mumhan), Connaghtey (Cúige Connacht) as Ullee (Cúige Uladh). Va recortyssyn jeh abbyrtyn ennagh Lionagh jeant ec Commishoon Beeal-arrish Nerin mastey undinyssyn ennagh elley roish y vaaish oc. Ta myn-abbyrt ny Yernish ry-gheddyn ayns Thalloo yn Eeast, ayns shiar ny Canadey, as ee bentyn rish Yernish Vooan va loayrit eddyr y 16-oo as y 17-oo eashyn (jeeagh er Yernish Halloo yn Eeast).

Abbyrtyn Mooan

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Ard-art: Yernish Vooan

Son y chooid smoo, ta Yernish Vooan loayrit ayns ardjyn Gaeltaght Cherree (Contae Chiarraí), An Rinn ta faggys da Dún Garbháin ayns Coontae Phurt Largey (Contae Phort Láirge) as Múscraí as Ellan Chléire (Oileán Chléire) ayns sheear Choontae Chorkee (Contae Chorcaí). T'eh yn fo-rheynn smoo scanshoil 'sy Vooan na'n anchaslys eddyr Yernish ny Déise (ta loayrit ayns Purt Largey) as Yernish Vooan chairagh.

Ta troyn sampleyragh Yernish Vooan goaill stiagh lheid as:

  1. Ymmyd jerraghyn persoonagh ayns ynnyd ny marenmyn lesh breearyn (t'er enney myr an fhoirm tháite), t'eh shen, ta "shegin dou" çhyndaait 'sy Vooan myr caithfead, raad dy vel abbyrtyn elley jannoo soiagh jeh caithfidh mé. Ta "Va mee as v'ou" çhyndaait myr Bhíos agus bhís 'sy Vooan agh Bhí mé agus bhí tú ayns abbyrtyn elley. Gow tastey nagh vel eh er dagh ooilley chor. Ta bhí mé as bhí tú ymmydit 'sy Jiass, choud's ta bhíos as bhís ymmydit 'syn Eear as 'sy Twoaie, dy mynchooishagh raad ta ny focklyn nyn vocklyn jerrinagh 'syn olt.
  2. Ymmyd cummaghyn absaloidagh/croghagh breearyn nagh vel 'sy Chaighdeán. Myr sampleyr, ta "ta mee fakin" çhyndaait 'sy Vooan myr chím (y cummey absaloidagh - gow tastey dy vel cummey cosoylagh ry chlashtyn ayns Yernish Ullee, tchím), choud's ta "cha nel mee fakin" çhyndaait myr ní fheicim (y cummey croghagh, ny yei ayrneenyn lheid as ní). Ta feicim currit ayns ynnyd chím 'sy Chaighdeán. Chammah as shen, ta'n cummey tradishoonagh freilt ayns bheirim Ta mee cur. Ta ní thugaim çhyndaait myr tugaim/ní thugaim 'sy Chaighdeán; ta gheibhim gowym/ní bhfaighim çhyndaait myr faighim/ní bhfaighim; as ta deirim Ta mee gra/ní abraim çhyndaait myr deirim/ní deirim.
  3. Roish stronnee as ll ta breeocklyn giare ennagh sheeynit magh choud's ta breeocklyn giare ennagh elley jeant myr daaghooaghtyn.
  4. Ta'n troggal kiangley ta goaill ymmyd jeh is ea ymmydit dy mennick. Myr shen foddee Éireannagh is ea mé y ghra ayns ynnyd jeh is Éireannach mé 'sy Vooan.
  5. Ta focklyn bwoirrinagh as firrynagh currit fo smaght boggaghys 'sy toyrtagh ny yei insan (sa/san) ayns y (‘sy/‘syn), den 'jeh'n' as don 'da'n' : sa tsiopa, "'sy çhapp", ayns cosoylaght rish y Chaighdeán sa siopa (cha nel y Caighdeán jannoo boggaghys agh rish ennym-ocklyn bwoirrinagh 'sy toyrtagh).
  6. Stronnaghey f ny yei sa: sa bhfeirm, "'sy chowaltys", ayns ynnyd jeh san fheirm.
  7. Ta trimmid ymmydit er y nah hillab jeh fockle, myr bio-RÁN ("freeney"), ayns cosoylaght rish BIO-rán ayns Connaghtey as Ullee.

Abbyrtyn Connaghtey

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Ard-art: Yernish Chonnaghtey

Ta ny h-abbyrtyn s'troshey jeh Yernish Chonnaghtey ry chlashtyn ayns Conamara as Ellanyn Aran. Er yn oyr dy hooar abbyrtyn elley Connaghtey baase 'sy 20-oo eash t'eh er credjal dy vel Yernish Chonamara unnane as Yernish Chonaghtey. Ny s'gerrey da Gaeltaght Chonnaghtey she yn abbyrt ta loayrit 'syn ard beg er joarey eddyr Galliu as (Gaillimh) as May Eo (Maigh Eo). Ta abbyrt Iorras Vay Eo hwoaie as abbyrt Aghill (Acaill) nyn abbyrtyn Connaghtey rere grammeydys as jalloo-oaylleeaght, agh ta cosoylaghtyn eddyr ad as Yernish Ullee rere inymmyrkey sleih jee-hellooderagh ny yei Plandail Ulley.

Ta troyn ennagh ayns Yernish Chonamara çheu mooie jeh'n Chaighdeán oikoil - dy ladoosagh y tosheeaght er son ennym-ocklyn as ad creaghney lesh -achan, m.s. lagachan ayns ynnyd jeh lagú, "laggagh". Ta'n fockley magh neu-vun-towshanit lesh breeocklen sheeynit as jerraghyn trome-leodit cur sheean baghtal er Yernish Chonamara. Ta troyn yn-chronnaghey yn abbyrt shen goaill stiagh fockley magh y bh lhean myr [w], choud's t'eh focklit magh myr [vˠ] 'sy Vooan. Myr sampleyr ta mo bhád ("my vaatey") focklit magh myr [mˠə wɑːd̪ˠ] ayns Connaghtey as Ullee ayns cosoylaght rish [mˠə vˠɑːd̪ˠ] 'sy jiass. Ayns bishaght ta loayreyderyn Yernish Chonnaghtey as Ullee goaill y marennym "shin" stiagh raad dy vel y cummey Caighdeánach jannoo ymmyd jeh'n cummey covestit ta ymmydit 'sy Voan m.s. ta bhí muid ymmydit er son "va shin" ayns ynnyd jeh bhíomar ayns buill elley.

Ta Yernish ny Mee noa-emshyragh (ayns Lion) ny cooish er lheh. T'ee jeh'n abbyrt Connaghtagh. Ta lught ny Yernisheyryn 'sy Vee ny sluightagh jeh thielee quoi haink gys y Vee ayns ny 1930yn ny yei aachummey thallooin va stiurit ec Máirtín Ó Cadhain.

Va Eaghtyrane Nerin Douglas Hyde nane jeh ny Yernisheyryn jerrinagh jeh'n abbyrt ayns Ros Comain.

Abbyrtyn Ulley

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Ard-art: Yernish Ulley

Rere çhengoaylleeaght, she abbyrt Na Rossa yn abbyrt smoo scanshoil t'ayn as eh ymmydit dy lhean ayns lettyraght liorish ughtaryn lheid as ny braaryn Séamus Ó Grianna as Seosamh Ó Grianna, as ad er enney dy ynnydoil myr Jimí Fheilimí as Joe Fheilimí. Ta'n abbyrt shen feer cosoylaght rish yn abbyr t'ayns Gaoth Dobhair as t'eh ymmydit ec ny h-arraneyderyn Enya (Éithne) as Máire Brennan as ny braaryn as shuyryn oc ayns Clannad (Clann as Dobhar = Cloan ass Dobhar), Na Casaidigh, as Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh as bann ynnydoil elley, Altan.

Ta Yernish Ulley neu-chosoylagh rish abbyrtyn ny Yernish elley er chlashtyn as ta troyn quaagh ayn ta cosoylagh rish Gaelg Albinagh. Ta ram focklyn neu-chowreydagh as sorçhyn keeallyn aynjee myrgeddin. Agh, lesh livrey harrish ny h-abbyrtyn Yernish va loayrit ayns Nerin Hwoaie, t'eh ny vooadaghey y ghra dy vel Yernish Ulley ny cummey eddyr-ghoaillagh eddyr Gaelg Albinagh as abbyrtyn heear as yiass ny Yernish, ansherbee. Myr trow, ta troyn neu-Ultagh ayns Gaelg Albinagh nagh vel ayn agh ayns Yernish Vooan.

Ayns Yernish Ulley she yn tro smoo ard-ghooagh na ymmyd yn ayrneen jiooltagh cha(n) ayns ynnyd ní ny Mooan as Chonnaghtey. Ayns Ullee hene ta'n cha(n) eisht y ní ny s'menkey y chur magh ayns abbyrtyn smoo twoaie (m.s. er Ellan Horaigh).[24][25]

Cosoylaghtyn

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Ta ny neu-chosoylaghtyn eddyr ny h-abbyrtyn nyn neu-chosoylaghtyn geiltagh, as ta doilleeidyn ayn nish ayns meenaghey ny Yernish Bun-towshanit. She sampleyr mie na'n bannagh "Kys t'ou?":

  • Ullee: Cad é mar atá tú?, Goidé mar atá tú?, Caidé mar atá tú?
  • Connaghtey: Cén chaoi a bhfuil tú?
  • Y Vooan: Conas taoi? ny Conas tánn tú?
  • Yernish Vun-towshanit: Conas atá tú?

Shennaghys

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Ard-art: Shennaghys ny Yernish

Va ny kied screeuyn ayns Yernish currit sheese ayns screeuyn grainnit Ogham veih'n chiarroo eash BNJ; ta'n ennym Yernish Vunneydagh currit er çhengey ny h-eash shen. Ren Shenn Yernish, veih'n sheyoo eash, ymmyd jeh'n abbyrlhit Romanagh as t'ee jarrooit ayns oirryn er laue-screeuyn Ladjyn son y chooid smoo. Ta'n Yernish Veanagh, veih'n jeihoo eash, ny çhengey jeh corp mooar lettyraght, goaill stiagh y Rúraíocht ard-ghooagh. Va'n Yernish Noa-emshyragh Leah, veih'n treeoo eash jeig, çhengey ny lioaryn ayns Nerin as Nalbin Gaelgagh, as v'ee currit sheese liorish screeudeyryn lheid as Seathrún Céitinn.

Veih'n hoghtoo eash jeig haink laggagh er y çhengey. Va ny Yernee geearree Baarle y loayrt rere lhiettalyssyn va currit er Yernisheyryn liorish y stiurey Goaldagh - sampleyr erreayrtagh t'er fys ec çhengoaylleeghyn myr arraghey çhengey. 'Sy nuyoo eash jeig meanagh chaill y çhengey cooid vooar dy loayreyderyn da'n baase as arraghey magh ny yei'n Ghortey Vooar (1845-1849).

Ec jerrey yn nuyoo eash, ren olteynyn Aavioghey ny Yernish eiyrtyssyn y çhengey y chur er e toshiaght as ymmyd y yannoo assjee ayns Nerin.

Grammeydys

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Breearyn

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Breearyn reiltagh

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Ta daa rang taah breearyn ec breaaryn reiltagh. Ayns ny h-emshiryn chaie, pretereitagh as kianglagh, t'ad boggaghey corockle ec toshiaght yn 'ockle, as cur d roish breeocklyn. My vees f ec toshiaght yn 'ockle, nee ad y ghaa red. Myr sampleyr, fan ("fuirraghtyn") d'fhan sé ("duirree eh"). Gyn cur geill da shen, ayns yn emshir phretereitagh neuphersoonagh, cha nel ad boggaghey ny d goll er cur ayn.

Breearyn jeh'n chied taah (fraue unheeleydagh) as jerrey cleaoil oc: bris (brishey):

  Laaragh Ry-heet Pretereitagh Chaie Kianglagh Laaragh kiang. Pret. kiang.
1. Un. brisim brisfead, brisfidh mé bhriseas, bhris mé bhrisinn bhrisfinn brisead, brise mé brisinn
2. Un. brisir, briseann tú brisfir, brisfidh tú bhrisis, bhris tú bhristeá bhrisfeá brisir, brise tú bristeá
3. Un. briseann sé/sí brisfidh sé/sí bhris sé/sí bhriseadh sé/sí bhrisfeadh sé/sí brise sé/sí briseadh sé/sí
1. Yl-rey brisimid, briseam brisfimid, brisfeam bhriseamar bhrisimis bhrisfimis brisimid brisimis
2. Yl-rey briseann sibh brisfidh sibh bhriseabhair, bhris sibh bhriseadh sibh bhrisfeadh sibh brise sibh briseadh sibh
3. Yl-rey brisid, briseann siad brisfid, brisfidh siad bhriseadar, bhris siad bhrisidís bhrisfidís brisid, brise siad brisidís
neuphersoonagh bristear brisfear briseadh bhristí bhrisfí bristear bristí

Breearyn jeh'n nah taah (fraue yl-heelagh) as jerrey neu-chleaoil oc: ceannaigh (kionnaghey):

  Laaragh Ry-heet Pretereitagh Chaie Kianglagh Laare kiang. Pret. kiang.
1. Un. ceannaím ceannód, ceannóidh mé cheannaíos, cheannaigh mé cheannaínn cheannóinn ceannaíod, ceannaí mé ceannaínn
2. Un. ceannaír, ceannaíonn tú ceannóir, ceannóidh tú cheannaís, cheannaigh tú cheannaíteá cheannófá ceannaír, ceannaí tú ceannaíteá
3. Un. ceannaíonn sé/sí ceannóidh sé/sí cheannaigh sé/sí cheannaíodh sé/sí cheannódh sé/sí ceannaí sé/sí ceannaíodh sé/sí
1. Yl-rey ceannaímid, ceannaíom ceannóimid cheannaíomar cheannaímis cheannóimis ceannaímid ceannaímis
2. Yl-rey ceannaíonn sibh ceannóidh sibh cheannaíobhair, cheannaigh sibh cheannaíodh sibh cheannódh sibh ceannaí sibh ceannaíodh sibh
3. Yl-rey ceannaíd, ceannaíonn siad ceannóid, ceannóidh siad cheannaíodar, cheannaigh siad cheannaídís cheannóidís ceannaíd, ceannaí siad ceannaídís
neuphersoonagh ceannaítear ceannófar ceannaíodh cheannaítí cheannóifí ceannaítear ceannaítí

T'ad troggal obballee lesh ní (ny níor 'syn emshir phretereitagh, dy mennick), as feyshtyn lesh an (ny ar). Ta ní cosoylaghey rish cha 'sy Ghaelg, agh cha nel ayrneen feyshtagh gollrish an 'sy Ghaelg nish.

Imraaghyn

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  1. ↑ Ethnologue, Gaelic, Irish: a language of Ireland
  2. ↑ Shorys y Creayrie (1979). "Mannin as Nerin ayns Lhing ny Loghlynee". Feddynit magh er 07-11-2009. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (cooney)
  3. ↑ Reiltys Nerin, Statement on the Irish Language 2006PDF (919 KB). Feddynit magh er 21 Jerrey Geuree 2008
  4. ↑ CSO Ireland - Ooley yn phobble Averil 2008
  5. ↑ Endangered languages in Europe: report
  6. ↑ Christina Bratt Paulston. Linguistic Minorities in Multilingual Settings: Implications for Language Policies. J. Benjamins Pub. Co. dg. 81.
  7. ↑ Pierce, David (2000). Irish Writing in the Twentieth Century. Cork University Press. dg. 1140.
  8. ↑ "Ocean FM". Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh er 2009-01-05. Feddynit magh er 2009-02-19.
  9. ↑ a b "Census 2006 – Principal Demographic Results" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. Feddynit magh er 2007-06-19.
  10. ↑ Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927). Foclóir Gaedhilge agus Béarla (2d ed. ln.). Divlyn: Irish Texts Society. dgn. p. 507 s.v. Gaedhealg. ISBN 1-870166-00-0. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (cooney); |pages= has extra text (cooney)
  11. ↑ Doyle, Aidan (2005). An Ghaeilge, Podręcznik Języka Irlandzkiego. dgn. p. 423. ISBN 83-7363-275-1. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (cooney); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (cooney)
  12. ↑ Dillon, Myles (1961). Teach Yourself Irish. dgn. p. 227. ISBN 0-340-27841-2. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (cooney); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (cooney)
  13. ↑ Ó Murchú, Máirtín (1993). "Aspects of the societal status of Modern Irish", {{{ennym}}}. London: Routledge, 471–90. ISBN 0415010357.
  14. ↑ Bunreacht na hÉireann (ry-gheddyn er y duillag) (Yernish). Reiltys Nerin (1937-06-01).
  15. ↑ "Constitution of Ireland". Reiltys Nerin. 1 Jerrey Souree 1937. Feddynit magh er 2007-06-19.
  16. ↑ University College Galway Act, 1929 (1929).
  17. ↑ "Minister Hanafin publishes University College Galway (Amendment) Bill 2005". Rheynn Ynsee as Oaylleeagh. 12 Nollick 2005. Feddynit magh er 2007-06-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (cooney)
  18. ↑ Entry requirements : National University of Ireland (Baarle). Feddynit er 2009-02-20.
  19. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20070513093201/http://www.gppac.net/documents/pbp_f/part1/7_changi.htm Changing History - Peace Building in Northern Ireland, liorish Mari Fitzduff
  20. ↑ "Belfast Agreement - Full text - Section 6 (Equality) - "Economic, Social and Cultural issues"". Er ny hashtey veih yn lhieggan bunneydagh er 2013-11-22. Feddynit magh er 2009-02-20.
  21. ↑ "Irish language future is raised", BBC News (13 Nollick 2006). Feddynit magh er 2007-06-19. 
  22. ↑ EU Directorate-General for Translation, Irish becomes the 21st official language of the EU. Feddynit magh er 11 Mean Fouyir 2008.
  23. ↑ Siggins, Lorna (6 Jerrey Geuree 2003). "Only 25% of Gaeltacht households fluent in Irish - survey" (ayns Baarle), The Irish Times, dgn. 5. Feddynit magh er 2008-12-01. 
  24. ↑ Hamilton, John Noel (1974). A Phonetic Study of the Irish of Tory Island, County Donegal. Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast.
  25. ↑ Lucas, Leslie W. (1979). Grammar of Ros Goill Irish, County Donegal. Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast.

Kianglaghyn çheumooie

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Ta Wikipedia ry-gheddyn ayns Yernish foast
 
Ta tooilley mean ayns Wikimedia Commons bentyn rish: Yernish.

Cadjin

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Grammeydys as fockley magh

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Fockleyryn

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