Mobile Application based on (U)SIM Java Card Applet

Technologies

Bantry

Patrick Biget CNAM 17th of December 2007

CNAM 17-Dec-2007 Bantry Technologies Ltd. 16 Dec 2007

25 Ballsbridge Terrace, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4, Ireland Tel: +353 (0)1 6642930 / Fax: +353 (0)1 6642933 www.bantry-technologies.com

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Presentation Overview
SIM Cards & GSM Networks
SIM Technology

SIM Card Applications

SIM Toolkit Technology

Java Card Enabler for SIM Card Applications

Java Card SIM API

Demonstration (tools and cards) Questions & Answers

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SIM Card & GSM Networks

Technologies

Bantry

SIM Technology (3GPP TS 11. 11)

CNAM 17-Dec-2007 Bantry Technologies Ltd. 16 Dec 2007

25 Ballsbridge Terrace, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4, Ireland Tel: +353 (0)1 6642930 / Fax: +353 (0)1 6642933 www.bantry-technologies.com

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Overview
Introduction to GSM Introduction to the SIM card
Functional role in the GSM Network Physical characteristics

SIM Card Services

Data management Security Content data

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Introduction to GSM
History of GSM Services Provided by GSM Architecture of GSM Networks

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History of GSM (1/3)

Analog cellular telephone systems experienced rapid growth in Europe (early 1980s) Each country developed its own system incompatible with everyone elses Consequences
mobile equipment were limited within national boundaries very limited market for each system (no possible economies of scale)

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History of GSM (2/3)

Creation of the Groupe Spcial Mobile (GSM) Proposed system had to meet certain criteria:
Good subjective speech quality Low terminal and service cost Support for international roaming Ability to support handheld terminal Support for range of new services and facilities Spectral efficiency ISDN compatibility

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History of GSM (3/3)

1989: GSM responsibility transferred to ETSI
(European Telecommunication Standards Institute)

1990: Publication of the GSM specs phase I 1991: Starting of commercial service 1993: 36 GSM networks in 22 countries 1995: 114 GSM networks in 66 countries 1998: 304 GSM networks in 120 countries 2001: 445 GSM networks in 170 countries 2006: 700 GSM networks in 218 countries Over 2 billions GSM subscribers (June 2006)
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Services Provided by GSM

Telephony Services (voices services)
Basic GSM voice telephony service

Bearer Services (data services)

Facsimile Service Short Message Service Data Exchange Service (CSD, GPRS)

Supplementary Services
Call Forward Call Barring (roaming) Others like caller identification, call waiting, multiparty conversations
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Architecture of GSM Networks

SIM ME BTS SIM ME BTS SIM ME Mobile Station EIR AuC Network Subsystem BSC HLR VLR PSTN ISDN MSC

Base Station Subsystem

MSC = Mobile services Switching Center SIM = BTS Subscriber = Base Identity Transceiver PSTN Module = Station Public Switched Telephone Network HLR = Home Location Register EIR = Equipment Identity Register ME BSC = Mobile = BaseEquipment Station ISDN Controller = Integrated Services Digital Network VLR = Visitor Location Register AuC =Authentication Center

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Mobile Station
The Mobile Station is composed of
The Mobile Equipment (ME) The Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)

The SIM card allows the user to get access to the subscribed services irrespective of a specific terminal Both components are uniquely identified
ME through the IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) SIM through the IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity)

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Base Station Subsystem

The Base Station Subsystem is composed of
The Base Transceiver Station The Base Station Controller

Base Transceiver Station

Houses the radio transceivers that define a cell Handles the radio-link protocols with the Mobile Station

Base Station Controller

Manages the radio resources for one or more BTSs (radio-channel setup, frequency hopping and handovers)

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Network Subsystem (1/3)

Central Component: Mobile services Switching Center (MSC)
Acts like a normal switching node (PSTN or ISDN) Provides functionalities to handle mobility
Registration Authentication Location updating Handovers Call routing to roaming subscribers

Provides the connection to the fixed networks (PSTN or ISDN)

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Network Subsystem (2/3)

Home Location Register (HLR)
Administrative information on each subscriber of the local GSM network Current location of the mobile Logically one single HLR per GSM network

Visitor Location Register (VLR)

Selected administrative information of each subscriber currently located in the geographical area controlled by the VLR

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Network Subsystem (3/3)

Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
Contains a list of all valid ME on the network ME is invalid if:
It has been reported stolen Its type is not approved

Each ME is identified by its IMEI

Authentication Center (AuC)

Contains a copy of the secret key stored in each SIM card Used for authentication and encryption over the radio channel

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Introduction to the SIM Card

Functional role in the GSM Network
Personal mobility Security services Download of other services

Physical characteristics

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Role of the SIM Card

Personal mobility
Hold the users subscription details to make any mobile phone his/her personal phone

Security services
Hold the secrets necessary to prove that the user is the one he/she claims to be (and optionally to cipher the communications)

Download of other services

More recently, the SIM card environment has been enhanced to let the user download on his/her SIM card his/her preferred mobile services

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Personal Mobility
Subscription details are stored in the card
IMSI: unique identifier of the subscriber Ki: secret key for authentication

Other subscriber-related information can be stored in the card

Address book Language preferences And much more information

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Security Services
Secret codes (PIN)
User authentication Operator authentication (for administrative operations)
7 4 1 C 8 5 2 0 9 6 3 V

Secret keys
Authentication of the SIM card by the network Communication ciphering

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Authentication Services
(IMSI, Ki) IMSI Ki
SIM ME BTS BSC MSC HLR AuC

IMSI Rnd Rnd Ki Rnd Ki

A3

A3

SIM Result

Check Accepte d Refused

Network Result

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Ciphering Services
(IMSI, Ki) IMSI Ki
SIM ME BTS BSC MSC HLR AuC

IMSI Rnd Rnd Ki Rnd Ki

A8

A8

Session Key

Session Key

Encrypted Voice Channel

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Download of Services
Secure execution environment for trusted applications
Able to interact with the mobile phone
Display information on the screen Get inputs from the user Place phone calls

Able to interact with the network

Send and receive messages (SMS, CSD, GPRS, etc.) Get localization information

Able to interact with the SIM file system

Read/write into SIM files

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Physical Characteristics
Two different formats
ID-1 SIM (standard credit card format) Plug-in SIM (specific SIM format)

54 mm

15 mm

25 mm

Plug-in SIM
85.6 mm

ID-1 SIM
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SIM Card Services

Data management
File management

Security
Data protection Authentication/Ciphering

Content data
Overall file structure Details of the file contents

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File Management
Logical file model File identifiers File selection
SELECT command STATUS command

File access commands

READ BINARY command UPDATE BINARY command READ RECORD command UPDATE RECORD command SEEK command
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Logical File Model (1/2)

2 different classes of file
Dedicated files (directories) Elementary files (data files)

3 different types of elementary files

Transparent files Linear fixed files Cyclic files
Record #1 Record #2 Sequence of bytes Record #3 etc Record #n Record #1 Record #2 Record #3 etc Record #n

Transparent
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Linear Fixed

Cyclic
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Logical File Model (2/2)

MF DF2 DF22 EF DF21 DF1 EF EF EF EF

EF

EF

EF EF

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Data Protection
File access conditions CHV management commands
VERIFY CHV command CHANGE CHV command DISABLE CHV command ENABLE CHV command UNBLOCK CHV command

File invalidation commands

INVALIDATE command REHABILITATE command

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File Access Conditions

Every EF has its own access conditions for each command
Read Update Invalidate Rehabilitate

Access conditions can be

Always:no restrictions CHV1: the CHV1 code must have been presented CHV2: the CHV2 code must have been presented ADM: an admin. code must have been presented Never: no access
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PIN Codes
The SIM card uses two different types of PIN codes
CHV codes (subscribers responsibility) ADM codes (telcos responsibility)

CHV
2 CHVs are defined (only one used today) No hierarchy between the 2 codes Unblock code available for each CHV

ADM
Up to 14 ADM codes can be defined Generally 2/4 are defined and only 1 really used ADM code verification is not defined in the standard
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Authentication/Ciphering
A3/A8 GSM algorithm used for
Authentication (A3) Ciphering (A8)

One single command

RUN GSM ALGORITHM command

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Overall File Structure

MF DF GSM EF LP EF IMSI EF Kc EF PLMNsel EF HPLMN EF ACMmax EF SST EF ACM EF GID1 etc
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DF Telecom EF ADN EF FDN EF SMS EF CCP EF MSISDN EF SMSP EF SMSS DF Graphics EF IMG etc

EF ICCID

EF ELP

MF
ID = 3F00 General information

DF GSM
ID = 7F20 Network-related information

DF Telecom
ID = 7F10 Service-related information

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SIM Card Applications

Technologies

Bantry

SIM Toolkit Technology (3GPP TS 11. 14)

CNAM 17-Dec-2007 Bantry Technologies Ltd. 16 Dec 2007

25 Ballsbridge Terrace, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4, Ireland Tel: +353 (0)1 6642930 / Fax: +353 (0)1 6642933 www.bantry-technologies.com

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Overview
Introduction to SIM Toolkit SIM Toolkit Processing Proactive SIM commands Profile download mechanism Event management

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Introduction to SIM Toolkit

Allow applications in the SIM to interact with any ME ETSI GSM 11.14 standard defines the interface between the SIM and the ME to have a full interoperability STK applications can
Initiate actions
pro-active commands

Be triggered on external actions

event management

Get the characteristics of the ME

ME profile
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SIM Toolkit Processing

SIM has to be pro-active Smart card protocols doesnt allow this
The card is never active It only answers to APDU commands coming from the terminal (master/slave relation)

4 new APDU commands are defined to manage SIM Toolkit features

FETCH TERMINAL RESPONSE ENVELOPE TERMINAL PROFILE
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Processing Proactive Commands

FETCH

Proactive Command (e.g. display text)

TERMINAL RESPONSE

SIM
Status & Response (if any)

ME

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Processing Events

ENVELOPE (e.g. menu selection)

Status

SIM

ME

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Processing Profile Download

TERMINAL PROFILE

Status & Profile Information

SIM

ME

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Proactive Polling
STATUS Response with SW=90 00
Poll Intervall

STATUS Response with SW=90 00

STATUS Response with SW=91 XX

SIM

ME

FETCH

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Proactive Commands
Man-Machine Interface
Display Text Get Inkey Get Input Select Item More Time Play Tone Set Up Menu Set Up Idle Mode Text

Dual-Slot
Perform Card APDU Power Off Card Power On Card Get Reader Status

Miscellaneous
Provide Local Information Timer Management Set Up Event List Refresh Poll Interval Polling Off Run AT Command Language Notification Launch Browser

Communication
Send Short Message Send SS Send USSD Set Up Call Send DTMF Open Channel Close Channel Receive Data Send Data Get Channel Status
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Proactive Command Examples

NETWORK BANKING NEWS WEATHER The weather today is going to be fine. ok Please enter name: ok

Setup Menu

Display Text
SMS in progress. Please Wait...

Get Input
CALLING 01 4746 6667 Please Wait...

BANKING BALANCE PURCHASE TRANSFER

Select Item

Send SMS

Setup Call

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Display Text
This command instructs the ME to display a text message and/or an icon. It allows the SIM to define the priority of that message and the text string format.
Description
Proactive SIM command tag Length (A+B+C+D+E) Command details TLV Device identities TLV Text string TLV Icon identifier TLV Immediate response TLV

M/O
M M M M M O O

Len
1 1 or 2 A B C D E

Command Qualifier
Bit Description
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Normal priority High priority RFU RFU RFU RFU RFU RFU RFU RFU RFU RFU RFU RFU Clear after delay Wait for user to clear

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Immediate Command Device Icon Text Identifier Identities String Response Details TLV TLV TLV TLV TLV
Byte(s) 1 1 2 2 to (Y-1)+2 2 3 (Y-1)+3 3 4 to (Y-1)+4 4 5 (Y-1)+X+2 Description Command details tagtag Text string tagtagtag Device Icon Immediate identifier identities response Length Length (=03) (=X) Length (=00) (=02) Command number Data coding scheme Source Icon qualifier device identities Type of command Text string qualifier Destination Icon identifier device identities Command
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Len 1 1 1 Y 1 1 1 1 1 X-1 1

Device Identities
Source Dest. SIM Display
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Display Text (example)

Byte(s)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 - 17

Value
D0 0F 81 03 01 21 00 82 02 81 02 8D 04 04 53 41 54 Length

Description
Proactive SIM command tag Command details tag Length Command number Type of command (display text) Command qualifier (normal priority, clear after delay) Device identities tag Length Source = SIM Destination = Display Text string tag Length Data coding scheme (8-bit default SMS) Text string (SAT) T L V V T L V V T L T L

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Profile Download Mechanism

ME sends to the SIM card (if Phase 2+) during initialization procedure This profile states the facilities relevant to SIM Application Toolkit that are supported by the ME
STK commands supported STK events managed Options managed
Alpha-identifier, UCS2 CSD, GPRS Soft keys Screen sizing, text wrapping & scrolling
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Event Management
Menu selection Data download to SIM
SMS-PP Download Cell Broadcast Download

Event download
MT call Call connected Call disconnected Location status User activity Idle screen available Card reader status Language selection Browser termination Data available Channel status
Slide

Control by SIM
Call control MO SMS control

Timer expiration
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Java Card Enabler for SIM Card Applications

Technologies

Bantry

Java Card SIM API (3GPP TS 43.019)

CNAM 17-Dec-2007 Bantry Technologies Ltd. 16 Dec 2007

25 Ballsbridge Terrace, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4, Ireland Tel: +353 (0)1 6642930 / Fax: +353 (0)1 6642933 www.bantry-technologies.com

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Overview
SIM Toolkit Framework SIM Toolkit Management
sim.toolkit package

SIM File Management

sim.access package

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SIM Toolkit Framework

Toolkit Applet 1 Applet 2
Proactive commands P/C responses

Toolkit Applet 3

Applet n
SIM-API

Install Uninstall

Activation

File access

SIM API Framework Applet triggering Proactive command manager Applet security manager Applet install/uninstall
Security

APDU e.g. Envelopes

Proactive polling, 91XX, Fetch, Proactive commands, Terminal Response

File access

GSM SIM Kernel

APDU Interface to terminal

Files

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Java Card SIM API Overview

Packages
sim.toolkit
Provides classes that enable to communicate with the Toolkit application (3GPP TS 11.14 functions), e.g. GUI management, SMS management, etc Provides classes that enable to communicate with the GSM application (3GPP TS 11.11 functions), mainly file management

sim.access

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sim.toolkit Interfaces
Interface Summary
ToolkitConstants ToolkitConstants encapsulates constants related to the Toolkit applets. ToolkitInterface must be implemented by a Toolkit applet so that it can be triggered by the Toolkit Handler according to the registration information.

ToolkitInterface

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sim.toolkit Classes (1/2)

Class Summary
EditHandler EnvelopeHandler EnvelopeResponseHandler This class is the basic class for the construction of a list of simple TLV elements The EnvelopeHandler class contains basic methods to handle the Envelope data field. The EnvelopeResponseHandler class contains basic methods to handle the Envelope response data field. This class is the basic class for the definition of Proactive commands.

ProactiveHandler

ProactiveResponseHandler The ProactiveResponseHandler class contains basic methods to handle the Terminal Response data field. ViewHandler The ViewHandler class offers basic services and contains basic methods to handle TLV list.

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sim.toolkit Classes (2/2)

Class Summary
ToolkitRegistry The Registry class offers basic services and methods to allow any Toolkit applet to register its configuration during the install phase and possibly to change it during all the applet life time. The MEProfile class contains methods to question the handset profile.

MEProfile

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sim.toolkit Exceptions
Exception Summary
ToolkitException This exception extends the Throwable class and allows the classes of this package to throw specific exceptions in case of problems.

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Toolkit Registry
public class MyToolkitApplet extends Applet implements ToolkitInterface, ToolkitConstants { private ToolkitRegistry reg; private byte[] menuEntry = { ... }; private byte menuId; public MyToolkitApplet() { reg = ToolkitRegistry.getEntry(); menuId = reg.initMenuEntry(menuEntry, (short)0, (short)menuEntry.length, PRO_CMD_SET_UP_CALL, false, 0, 0); reg.disableMenuEntry(menuId); reg.setEvent(EVENT_FORMATTED_SMS_PP_ENV); reg.setEvent(EVENT_CALL_CONTROL_BY_SIM); } public static void install(byte bArray[], short bOffset, byte bLength) throws ISOException { MyToolkitApplet applet = new MyToolkitApplet(); applet.register(); } public void processToolkit(byte event) throws ToolkitException { if (event == EVENT_FORMATTED_SMS_PP_ENV) { reg.enableMenuEntry(menuId); } else if (event == EVENT_MENU_SELECTION) { Bantry Technologies Ltd. 16 dc. 2007 Mobile Applications based on (U)SIM Java Card Applets //...

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Proactive Handler
private static final byte MY_COMMAND = (byte)0x33; private static final byte MY_TAG = (byte)0x45; ProactiveHandler proHdlr; proHdlr = ProactiveHandler.getTheHandler(); proHdlr.init(MY_COMMAND, (byte)0, DEV_ID_ME); proHdlr.appendTLV((byte)(MY_TAG | TAG_SET_CR), (byte)0); short len = proHdlr.getLength(); byte result = proHdlr.send(); private text[0] text[1] text[2] byte[] text = new byte[12]; = (byte)'S'; = (byte)'A'; = (byte)'T';

result = proHdlr.initDisplayText((byte)0x80, DCS_8_BIT_DATA, text, (short)0, (short)3); result = proHdlr.send();

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Proactive Response Handler

private byte[] data; data = new byte[32]; ProactiveResponseHandler ProRespHdlr; ProRespHdlr = ProactiveResponseHandler.getTheHandler(); byte result = ProRespHdlr.getGeneralResult(); respHdlr.findTLV(TAG_DEVICE_IDENTITIES, 1); byte sourceDev = ProRespHdlr.getValueByte((short)0); byte destinDev = ProRespHdlr.getValueByte((short)1); if (ProRespHdlr.findTLV(TAG_TEXT_STRING, (byte)1) == TLV_FOUND_CR_SET) { if ((short len = ProRespHdlr.getValueLength()) > 1) { ProRespHdlr.copyValue((short)1, data, (short)0, (short)(len - 1)); } }

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Envelope Handler
private static final byte MY_TAG = (byte)0x54; private byte[] data; data = new byte[32]; void processToolkit(byte event) throws ToolkitException { // get the EnvelopeHandler system instance EnvelopeHandler theEnv = EnvelopeHandler.getTheHandler(); // look for MY_TAG TLV if (theEnv.findTLV(MY_TAG, (byte)1) != TLV_NOT_FOUND) { // check first element byte if (theEnv.getValueByte((short)0) == (byte)1) { // copy element part into data buffer theEnv.copyValue((short)1, data, (short)0, (short)(theEnv.getValueLength() - 1)); } } }

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HelloWorld SIM Toolkit Applet

import javacard.framework.*; import sim.toolkit.*; public class HelloWorld extends Applet implements ToolkitConstants, ToolkitInterface { private final byte COMMAND_QUALIFIER = (byte)0x80; private final byte[] MENU_ENTRY = {'S','e','r','v','i','c','e','1'}; private final byte[] HELLO_WORLD = {'H','e','l','l','o',' ','w','o','r','l','d',' ','!'}; private ToolkitRegistry registry; public HelloWorld() { registry = ToolkitRegistry.getEntry(); registry.initMenuEntry(menuEntry, (short)0, (short) MENU_ENTRY.length, PRO_CMD_DISPLAY_TEXT, false, 0, 0); }

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HelloWorld SIM Toolkit Applet

public static void install(byte bArray[], short bOffset, byte bLength) throws ISOException { HelloWorld applet = new HelloWorld(); applet.register(); } public void processToolkit(byte event) throws ToolkitException { ProactiveHandler proHdlr = ProactiveHandler.getTheHandler(); if (event == EVENT_MENU_SELECTION) { proHdlr.init((byte) PRO_CMD_DISPLAY_TEXT, (byte)COMMAND_QUALIFIER, DEV_ID_ME); proHdlr.appendTLV((byte)(TAG_TEXT_STRING), HELLO_WORLD,(short)0, (short) HELLO_WORLD.length); proHdlr.send(); } }

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sim.access Interfaces
Interface Summary
SIMView SIMView is the interface between the GSM application and any SIM Toolkit applet.

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sim.access Classes
Class Summary
SIMSystem The Class SIMSystem provides a way to get access to the GSM file system. In any case, the SIM Toolkit applet will only access to methods of the SIMView interface. No instance of this class is needed.

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sim.access Exceptions
Exception Summary
SIMView Exception SIMViewException encapsulates specific exceptions which can be generated by the methods of the SIMView interface in case of error.

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Example
import javacard.framework.*; import sim.toolkit.*; public class MyApplet extends Applet implements ToolkitInterface { private SIMView simView; private byte[] buffer; private ToolkitRegistry registry; public MyApplet () { registry = ToolkitRegistry.getEntry(); simView = SIMSystem.getTheSIMView(); buffer = new byte[32]; } public static void install(APDU apdu) throws ISOException { MyApplet applet = new MyApplet(); applet.register(); } public void getADN(short adnNumber) { simView.select(SIMView.FID_EF_TELECOM); simView.select(SIMView.FID_EF_ADN); simView.readRecord((short)adnNumber, SIMView.MODE_ABSOLUTE,(short)0, buffer, (short)0, (short)32); } }
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Demonstrations
Technologies

Bantry

VirtuoSimo Development Tool maXim/jTOP SIM Cards

CNAM 17-Dec-2007 Bantry Technologies Ltd. 16 Dec 2007

25 Ballsbridge Terrace, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4, Ireland Tel: +353 (0)1 6642930 / Fax: +353 (0)1 6642933 www.bantry-technologies.com

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Questions & Answers

Technologies

Bantry

[email protected]

CNAM 17-Dec-2007 Bantry Technologies Ltd. 16 Dec 2007

25 Ballsbridge Terrace, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4, Ireland Tel: +353 (0)1 6642930 / Fax: +353 (0)1 6642933 www.bantry-technologies.com

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