fas] 6.8 Anincompressible viscous fluidis placed between two large parallel plates as shown in Fig. P68. The bottom plate is fixed and the upper plate moves with a constant velocity, U. For these conditions the velocity distribution between the plates is linear, and can be expressed as u= Uz Determine: (a) the volumetric dilatation rate, (b) the rotation vector, (¢) the vorticity, and (d) the rate of angular deformation. . y fl vy, dor (a) Volumetric dilatabin rate = By 3 r UE =O th) Por velocity distribution given y and Cg, 6.18) os8 [eve J 6.18 It is proposed that a two-dimensional, incompressible flow field be described by the ve- locity components u= Ay v= Bx where A and B are both positive constants. (a) Will the continuity equation be satisfied? (b) Is the flow irrotational? (e) Determine the equation for the streamlines and show a sketch of the streamline that passes through the origin. Indi- cate the direction of flow along this streamline. (4) Te satisty me eras) eguation em <0 75 - Since, oe the velocity chstrrbutien given au ov Ox ° The continuity eguaton i sabisfed, Yes ch) Ln order for the Flow +o be srrotatwne/ Ci, =0, where -Lif2a 3 s; ar? 2( 5-H (£4.42) nee gy gue Re ay 74 (8-A) Thus, How will only be irrotational if _A=B, ©) Along a streamhne 9 dy di Kw se that for the velocity distibutin . 252 We fiven yy | Bk xe AY fo and Therefore Slope: y dy = Bx dx a ii Litegration yields r Be 24¢ here Cis @ constant . For the ie passing Through The origin (C=0) andy. +B» (see bur X70 U7e streamline streamline o-i9621 The radial velocity component in an incompressible, two-dimensional flow field (v, = 0) is v, = 2r + 3r? sin @ Determine the corresponding tangential velocity component, 1, required to satisfy conservation of mass. LOK) 194% Fart? oe a (e9. 6.35) Since Vz+0, 2p, _ Abu) : 38 OF a“ and with r= ar? +3r3sin @ Ut follows nat BOK) 2 4r 4b sin 6 ar Thus, £5.) becomes oe (tr + 9r*sin 6) a) Eguation(2) Can be integneted with yespect to © to cbtei) feu = - [ Ore 9r* sin6)da + Flr) er Wye ~Hre - Griese + FH) Where fir) és an undetermmed function of Fr.Gade 6.26 A two-dimensional fiow field for a non- y viscous, incompressible fluid is described by the velocity components w= +2 20,1) v=0 where Usis a constant. Ifthe pressure at the origin (Fig. P6.26) is p,, determine an expression for the ‘Anon pressure at (a) point A, and (b) point B. Explain } — % clearly how you obtained your answer. Assume the units are consistent and body forces may be neglected. Check fo see /f Flow is irrotational. Since =f (er du o£ (# 53 ) (24,612) and ter the given velocity distribution, Beso and #2, it follows Tat #0. Since flow is not srrotatinal cannot apply the Bernoulli eguetion between any two points th the How Field. (a) Since 20, The origin and point A are on the Same streamline. Thus, FIGURE P6.26 to Mos = fea Ae a | a 24 x 24 | At the vrigin Ny=U, and at A Vy=U, 50 that trom 23.0) £-% Ao (4) Pant B ss not on same streamline as ongin 30 Cannot apply Bernoulli eguation between Bando. To find fs use the Y~ Component of Bulers eg uations: ~2P = WY yo, var a C4, -SE rr [rue ie eg ae C4, 6.56) Since 20 and Jy=0, =o ye sh So That31 6.31 Itis known that the velocity distribution REET for two-dimensional flow of a viscous fluid be- T» tween wide parallel plates (Fig. P6.31) is para- bolic; that is + Ee z : h FIGURE P63! with v = 0. Determine, if possible,. the corre- sponding stream function and velocity potential. To determine the stream Fanchon led a= gt: oe [r-t#)'] and integrate with vespeck fo y +o obtars fers ful pie a py. Uly- BL] eben ~3f 20, yo nol a Fametroy of x se Mat ge Ug [1-F FG] +6 where C 1s an arbitrary Constant. — Ta determine the velocity potential let ue ao = & [1-47] and sneqrete’ ite respecte to x te obtain feb > [%L- p]ax er g= y [« - fi. }+ £0) Howeve r, big = ~ they , eA B 7g and this relationship cannot be satished for all values of x and y. Thas, There 1s_not velocity potential Theat describes this Flow (the Far vs mot Irrotabiona/) .6.#1 67 Water flows over a flat surface at 4 ft/s as shown in 4H y Fig. P6.47. A pump draws off water through a narrow slit ata = volume rate of 0.1 f/s per foot length of the slit. Assume that the fluid is incompressible and inviscid and can be represented SS] 3 by the combination of a uniform flow and a sink. Locate the a stagnation point on the wall (point A) and determine the equa- tion for the stagnation streamline. How far above the surface, +. Ba HY must the fluid be so that it does not get sucked into the slit? cates (pertotot lena oft) m FIGURE P6.47 - - ‘ -_ ™m Y? Lautrm * Yong = Ursmo- Fe D Th ~ 3) ay UP ie U cose - #4 @ and __ . -o sy, We 2b -Osnb Along the well Vpr0,and the stagnation pol occurs Where Ve=0, so tet from &3,(0 : ; mm o: UV esto") - Sm and therefore - a aru For U=44E ana mz 022 (note tat « source strength of 0.2 4° must be used % ebtatn 0.) f° through slit whith & only one helt of « “fall " snk). Thus, # Re 02 5. 6.00796 £4 an (4H) and the Stagnation point is en The wall 0, 007% 4 to the right of sht. (cont) G-StCHT (Co, The value of Y at the stagnation pont (p= 0.00M0 1, 0=0") ts ero (@3.1) so Tat the eguatien of The stegnation streamline is = Ursin b- we or . m bsine = 2 6 a ar Since Y= 15/8 The funtion of The stagnation streamline can be writen as - J* 20 @ Flaid above the stagnation streamline will not be sucked int St, The maximum distance, H, tor the stagnahon streamue ctcurs as O-—7T 50 Tht #e He @UT. 92 = go orof 2ru 20¢#) — (Note: Ail the Hluidl below ‘he slagnatiin streamhae must pass Through The shit. Thus, from conservation of mass HU = How wito slit er be O18 2b, oz50ft 4a # which checks with the answer above, ) 6-526.63 — The velocity potential for a cylinder (Fig. P6.63) rotating in a uniform stream of fluid is 2 oe ur(i+£)emo+ Fo F 2x where I’ is the circulation. For what value of the circulation will the stagnation point be located at: (a) point A, (b) point B? teed das FIGURE P6.63 mn , S (és, 6.122) sn Stag ~ 4nUe & AE pont A, Gygso and rt follows thet M=0. 3r (b) Ab pot B, Baag* Zz) ann trom &. bbe Ps ¥rUa sin 2 = ~ 4rVaGo4 6.64 A fixed circular cylinder of infinite length is placed in a steady, uniform stream of an in- ‘compressible, nonviscous fluid. Assume that the flow is irrotational. Prove that the drag on the cylinder is zero. Neglect body forces. Drags f= -[% tsp 2 db (és, 6.7) Be he 4el(1~ 4 sme) (eg, 6.6) Thus, or a Drag =~ ap [ cos do + $ pv" [ewe de ar _ 2a pv vie cos@ dé Since, Cu a0 [ esoae = cine] =o ° ° 7 aud * ents aa she wseda= SEE) =o o it follows that Dray 6-756.65 Repeat Problem 6.64 for a rotating cyl- inder for which the stream function and velocity potential are given by Eqs. 6.119 and 6.120, re- spectively. Verify that the lift is not zero and can be expressed by Eq. 6.124. Drag [2 (56 ade ( 6.07) fe pede (i weinee Haid E,) l Thus, - Drag = - at [mot + zp [« cso de - ‘ 27 2 t 2 (ose sin6 dB - weve | veese dé Since , 1 or [ ws6 dB = (224m) «© Ter (EF 3 (&, & nef) For fully developed pipe How, Y20, S0 That Taeh 58 Als [s0, Ge Vax ft _ (ér] (eg 6S and with 2 2V, whee V & The mean velocity 2 va (- #) Thus, ot, the ” ny yal ? ag | (2) Yeur| * | * ue: |- 6-2