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2.25 Fluid Mechanics: Professors G.H. Mckinley and A.E. Hosoi

This document summarizes stream functions and potential functions for various types of planar and axisymmetric fluid flows. It provides the governing equations relating the stream/potential functions (ψ, φ) to the velocity components (vx, vy, vz) in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinates. Examples of common flows are given, including uniform stream, source/sink, free/forced vortex, doublet, sphere, shear and stagnation point flows.

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Davin Sugumar
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90 views2 pages

2.25 Fluid Mechanics: Professors G.H. Mckinley and A.E. Hosoi

This document summarizes stream functions and potential functions for various types of planar and axisymmetric fluid flows. It provides the governing equations relating the stream/potential functions (ψ, φ) to the velocity components (vx, vy, vz) in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinates. Examples of common flows are given, including uniform stream, source/sink, free/forced vortex, doublet, sphere, shear and stagnation point flows.

Uploaded by

Davin Sugumar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

2.

25 Fluid Mechanics
Professors G.H. McKinley and A.E. Hosoi
Stream Functions for planar ow (satisfy v = 0) Planar ow: Cartesian (x, y,/ ) z Planar ow: Cylindrical (r, ,// z) Axisymmetric ow: Cylindrical (r,/, z) Axisymmetric ow: Spherical (r, ,// ) vx = y vr = 1 r vr = 1 r z
1 vr = r2 sin

vy = x v = r v = 0
1 v = r sin r

vz = 0 vz = 0 vz = 1 r r v = 0

Potential Functions (v = , requires v = 0, 2 = 0) Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) Cylindrical coordinates (r, , z) Spherical coordinates (r, , )
uniform stream

vx = vr = vr =

x r r

vy = v = v =

y 1 r 1 r

vz = vz = v =

z z 1 r sin

W (z) = (U iV )z
V y x U

= Ux + V y = V x + U y W (z) = =
Q 2 Q 2

vx = U vy = V

shown for U,V > 0

source (Q>0) or sink (Q<0)


z0 r

ln(z z0 ) ln r vr =
Q 1 2 r

shown for Q > 0


free vortex
z0 r

= W (z) = =

Q 2 i 2 2

v = 0

ln(z z0 ) vr = 0 v =
1 2 r

shown for
forced vortex
z0 r

> 0

= 2 ln r

W (z) = = vr = 0
2

shown for K > 0

= Kr 2

v = Kr

doublet (x-orientation)
z0 r

W (z) = =

c zz0 c cos r

vr = c cos r 2 v = c sin r2

shown for c > 0 doublet (y-orientation)


z0 r

= c sin r W (z) = =
ic zz0 c sin r c cos r

vr = c sin r 2 v =
c cos r2

shown for c > 0


sphere (axisymmetric flow)
z0 U r r

= W (z) = + i

shown for U > 0

R3 r + 2r2 3 1 = 2 U sin2 r 2 R r = U cos W (z) = =

3 1 R 3 r R3 v = U sin 1 + 2r3 vr = U cos v = 0 vx = 2Ay vy = 0 vz = 0 vx = Ax vy = Ay vz = 0

shear flow
A
z0

y x

shown for A > 0

= Ay 2 W (z) = 1 A(z z0 )2 2

stagnation point flow


z0 y x

shown for A > 0

= 1 A(x 2 y 2 ) 2 = Ax y

Notes:
z = x + iy z0 = x0 + iy0 0 < 2 = vx = vr cos v sin vy = vr sin + v cos 1 r = (x x0 )2 + (y y0 )2 2 yy = tan1 xx0 0 vr = vx cos + vy sin v = vx sin + vy cos W (z) = + i
dW dz dW dz

= vx ivy = (vr iv )ei

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