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Java 2

A variable is a named memory location for storing data, enabling value storage, reuse, and dynamic programming. In Java, variables must follow specific naming rules, such as starting with a letter and being case-sensitive. Data types in Java are categorized into primitive types, which include byte, short, int, long, float, double, char, and boolean, and non-primitive types, which include objects like strings and arrays.

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9 views4 pages

Java 2

A variable is a named memory location for storing data, enabling value storage, reuse, and dynamic programming. In Java, variables must follow specific naming rules, such as starting with a letter and being case-sensitive. Data types in Java are categorized into primitive types, which include byte, short, int, long, float, double, char, and boolean, and non-primitive types, which include objects like strings and arrays.

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rojasri
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1. What is a Variable?

A variable is a named memory location used to store data during program execution.

Why variables are needed?

 To store values

 To reuse data

 To make programs dynamic

Example:

int age = 20;

 int → data type

 age → variable name

 20 → value

2. Rules for Naming Variables (Identifiers)

In Java, variable names are called identifiers.

Rules:

1. Must begin with a letter, _, or $

2. Cannot begin with a digit

3. Cannot use keywords (int, class, public, etc.)

4. No spaces allowed

5. Case-sensitive

Valid identifiers

int age;

int _count;

int $price;

int studentMarks;

Invalid identifiers

int 2num; // starts with digit

int total marks; // space not allowed

int class; // keyword

👉 Teaching tip: Emphasize camelCase for variable names.


3. Declaration, Initialization & Assignment

Declaration

int x;

Initialization

x = 10;

Declaration + Initialization

int x = 10;

4. What is a Data Type?

A data type specifies:

 What kind of data a variable can store

 How much memory it occupies

 What operations can be performed

5. Types of Data Types in Java

Java has two main categories:

1. Primitive Data Types

2. Non-Primitive (Reference) Data Types

6. Primitive Data Types

Primitive data types store simple values.

List of Primitive Data Types

Data Type Size Default Value Example

byte 1 byte 0 byte b = 10;

short 2 bytes 0 short s = 100;

int 4 bytes 0 int i = 1000;

long 8 bytes 0L long l = 100000L;

float 4 bytes 0.0f float f = 10.5f;

double 8 bytes 0.0 double d = 99.99;


Data Type Size Default Value Example

char 2 bytes '\u0000' char c = 'A';

boolean 1 bit false boolean flag = true;

7. Integer Data Types

Used to store whole numbers.

byte b = 100;

short s = 20000;

int i = 100000;

long l = 999999999L;

👉 int is the most commonly used integer type.

8. Floating-Point Data Types

Used to store decimal values.

float f = 10.25f;

double d = 10.25;

⚠️ Important Note:

 float must end with f

 double is default for decimals

9. Character Data Type (char)

 Stores single character

 Uses single quotes

 Internally stores Unicode value

char ch = 'A';

char num = '1';

10. Boolean Data Type

 Stores only true or false

 Used in decision-making
boolean isJavaEasy = true;

11. Non-Primitive (Reference) Data Types

Used to store objects and complex data.

Examples:

 String

 Arrays

 Classes

 Interfaces

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