Psychology & Neuroscience Departmental Association (PNDA) Guidebook

2013-2014
Manal Masud

Welcome Message from the Team

Hello! Welcome to the 2013-2014 school year! We at the PNDA decided it was time to develop a comprehensive resource for students that would allow you to gain insight into courses, information on professors, and opportunities to get involved both on and off of campus. If you need anything, have any concerns or questions, please feel free to contact us. We are here to help! The Psychology, Neuroscience, and Mental Health studies programs have blossomed into an intellectual force. Both in part to the hard working, intelligent students, and the world class faculty that we have the honour and privilege of learning from. The PNDA is here to enhance your experience at the University of Toronto, whether it be to help connect you with professors, provide you with course information, and find volunteer opportunities. We want you to get involved, and to gain as much diversity in your experiences as you can. The PNDA has a large list of events, some of which include; lab tours, professor mix n' mingle, PNDA day, graduate school seminars and info sessions, mock GRE's, etc. Be sure to come on out to these events and continue to expand your area of interests and enhance your university journey! If you want to get involved, we're always looking for more volunteers for community outreach, and our extremely successful Brain Day program. Come on out, we look forward to working with you all! Andrew President 2013-2014

Who are we?

Executive President Name Andrew Dolan Program + Year Neuroscience Specialist, Human Biology Major - 4th year Double Major: Neuroscience and Biology 4th Year Double Major: Psychology and Human Biology -4th Year Double Major: Neuroscience and Psychology - 2nd year Double Major: Neuroscience and Human Biology - 3rd Year Human Biology Specialist 2nd Year Message Get involved, soak up knowledge, and work smart throughout your university career! University can be a daunting experience but if you make use of the various resources available on campus (i.e the PNDA!) you will be sure to succeed! Your undergraduate years will fly by in the blink of an eye, so make the most of every minute and dont get too caught up in the nitty, gritty details. Appreciate both the stresses and opportunities that are presented to you during your university years and view things through a positive lens since this will shape your future experiences University is the initial stepping stone towards unlimited possibilities in your academic career. With hard work and perseverance, anything you aspire to become is within your realm of possibility. Without struggle, there is no progress. Dont give up too quickly, there is a whole new world waiting for you!

Vice President Academics

Harindra Rajasekeran

Vice President Operations

Jananie Manoharan

Vice President Operations

Lindsay Raoufi

Administrative Director

Soni Prasad

Communicatio ns Director Marketing Director Campus Relations Director

Ramanja Pakirathan Jacqueline Kan Amanda Brijmohan

Neuroscience and Psychology 5th Year 2

Make the most of your time here at UTSC. This period in your life only comes once, so work hard, make connections,

Graduate Opportunities Director

Treasurer

Senior Year Representative

Senior Year Representative Second Year Representative

Second Year Representative Ops Coordinator

Double Major: Neuroscience and Psychology, Minor: Biology - 4th year Dion Paul Double Major: Neuroscience and Biology 4th Yea Ary Maharaj Double Major: Neuroscience and Psychology - 3rd Year Haaris Gilani Double Major Psychology and Human Biology Tharani Double Major: Sathasivam Neuroscience and Psychology2nd Year Kamer Ali Alita Fernandez

Nadeem Dhirani

and dont forget to have Dont stress, have people in your life who care, and work smart.

Work hard, be efficient and most importantly, remember to meet new people and have fun! The key to a successful university experience is balance: studying, volunteering, rest, and fun! Life moves pretty fast. If you don't stop and look around once in a while, you could miss it. Throw yourself into your environment and welcome everything positively. Go out, talk to new people, try new things and make smart choices!

Ops Coordinator Ops Coordinator

Ashley Acoba Tharshika Thangarasa

Mental Health Strive to make yourself a wellSpecialist (Co- rounded person. Make your op) - 2nd Year academia experience more enjoyable by spending time each day to develop four areas of life-physical, spiritual, intellectual and social. Neuroscience Dont be afraid to start and French something new at UTSC. Could 3rd Yea be something big one day! Neuroscience University is so much more Specialist than books and exams. 3rd year Remember to use your years here as an opportunity to grow as a person and discover yourself! 3

Resources that Accompany this Guidebook

Please check the resources offered by the Department of Psychology available at http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~psych/undergraduates.html. This includes handbooks to the Psychology and Mental Health Studies programs, as well as the Neuroscience program. It also offers neat links, scholarships, thesis forms, and job opportunities!

Department of Psychology Faculty

Name Bagby, Michael Bassili, John Bors, Douglas Cant, Jonathan Cree, George Cupchik, Gerald Dion, Karen Erb, Suzanne Fournier, Marc Haley, David Inzlicht, Michael Ito, Rutsuko Joordens, Steve Kennedy, John LeBoutillier, Janelle Lee, Andy Niemeier, Office SY 122 SW427H SW 638 SW427E SW559 SW634 SW538A SW628A SW418 SY144 SY168 SW625 SW560 SW637 SW557 SW521 SW572 Email [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 4 Title/Role Professor Professor Senior Lecturer Assistant Professor Associate Professor Professor Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Professor Professor Senior Lecturer Assistant Professor Associate

Matthias Nussbaum, David Page-Gould, Elizabeth Petit, Ted Ruocco, Anthony Schmuckler, Mark Smyth, Ron Tran, Sisi Uliaszek, Amanda Zakzanis, Konstantine SW414 SW572 SW557 SW513 SW515 SW427G SY141 SW550 SY143 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Professor Assistant Professor Professor Associate Professor Lecturer Assistant Professor Associate Professor

Department of Psychology Staff

Name Ali, Maryam Dhir, Nina Domloge, Hanan Kiru, Krystyna Luza, Gloria Phone (416) 827-7400 (416) 208-2674 (416) 208-4867 (416) 287-7396 (416) 287-7401 Office Email Role/title Assistant to the Chair Adminstrative Course Support & Program Advisor Financial Officer Clerical Assistant SW427B [email protected] SW427F [email protected] SW427D [email protected]

SW427C [email protected] SW420B [email protected]

Map of the Department of Psychology-Offices

Most of the offices for the undergraduate faculty of psychology are located on the fifth floor of the science wing and the first floor of the science research building. The maps below show these offices, including the room number and the name of the faculty member. Note that the maps below only show rooms used as offices for the undergraduate faculty of psychology. A larger version of the maps can be obtained at http://i46.tinypic.com/24nl30j.jpg and http://i48.tinypic.com/1fy8ic.jpg .

Programs in the Department of Psychology

Program Neuroscience Psychology Type Specialist Major Specialist Major Minor Specialist Major Coop Yes No Yes No No Yes No

Mental Health Studies

Course Syllabi
Please note: These are based off of past classes. The mark breakdown and professors of the classes may change up until you receive your syllabus. PSYA01 - Introduction to Psychology I - Dr. Joordens

Digital Labcoat Questionnaire - 2% Digital Labcoat Activity 7% myTuner Activity x4 2% first, 8% final three PeerScholar - 12% Experimental Participation 3% Final Exam 50% Wikipedia - Bonus - 3%

PSYA02 - Introduction to Psychology II - Dr. Joordens

Digital Labcoat Questionnaire - 2% Digital Labcoat Activity 7% myTuner Activity x4 2% first, 8% final three PeerScholar - 12% Experimental Participation 3% Final Exam 50% Wikipedia - Bonus - 3% 7

PSYB01 - Psychology Research Laboratory - Dr. Nussbaum

Term Assignment - 20% Tests x2 - 40% each

PSYB07 - Data Analysis in Psychology - Dr. Bors

Quizzes and Assignments - 10% Mid-Term - 40% Final - 50%

PSYB10 - Social Psychology - Dr. Page-Gould

Mid-Term - 45% Final - 55%

PSYB20 - Introduction to Developmental Psychology - Dr. Schmuckler

Mid-term x2 - 33.33% each Final - 33.33%

PSYB30 - Personality Psychology - Dr. Fournier

Mid-term - 50% Final - 50%

PSYB32 - Abnormal Psychology - Dr. Zakzanis

Mid-Term 1 - 40% Mid-Term 2 - 30% Final - 30%

PSYB45 - Behaviour Modification - Professor Campbell

Mid-Term 1 - 50% Final - 50%

PSYB51 - Sensation and Perception - Dr. Niemeier

Mid-Term x2 - 30% each Final - 40%

PSYB57 - Memory and Cognition- Dr. Cree

Mid-Term - 40% Final - 60%

PSYB64 - Physiological Psychology - Dr. LeBoutillier

Quiz - 10% Mid-term - 35% Final - 55%

PSYB65 - Human Brain and Behaviour - Dr. Petit

Mid-Term - 40% Final - 60%

NROB60 - Neuroanatomy Laboratory - Dr. LeBoutillier

Mid-Term Bell Ringer - 15%

o

10 stations

Mid-term - 20% Final Bell Ringer - 30%

o

20 stations 9

Final - 35%

NROC34 - Neuroethology - Dr. Mason

Mid-Term - 35% Final Exam - 50% Article reflection - 15%

NROC61 - Learning and Motivation - Dr. Ito

Mid-Term - 25% Final Exam - 40% Tutorial - 35%

o o o o

Abstract List - 10% Class Presentation - 6% Research Proposal - 15% Class Participation - 4%

NROC63 - Neuroscience Laboratory - Dr. LeBoutillier and Dr. Petit

Summaries - 30%
o o o

Cell Density Lab Detailed Behavioural Procedures Literature Review

Final Exam - 25% Seminar and Laboratory performance - 15% Final Research Paper - 30%

NROC64 - Sensory and Motor Systems - Dr. Niemeier

Quizzes - 5% 10

Mid-Term x2 - 30% each Final Exam - 35%

NROC69 - Synaptic Organization of the Brain - Dr. Ito

Mid-Term x2 - 25% each Final - 50%

NROC90 - Supervised Study in Neuroscience - Students Supervisor

Supervisors Mark - 100%

NROC93 - Supervised Study in Neuroscience - Students Supervisor

Supervisors Mark - 100%

PSYC04 - Brain Imaging Laboratory - Dr. Lee, Dr. Niemeier, and Dr. Ruocco

Quizzes - 20% Participation and Attendance - 20% Assignments - 60%

PSYC08 - Advanced Data Analysis - Dr. Bors

Quizzes and Assignments - 10% Mid-Term - 30% Final - 60%

PSYC11 - Social Psychology Laboratory Dr. Dion

Lab-based Papers x2 - 33.33% each Final - 33.33% 11

PSYC12 - The Psychology of Prejudice - Dr. Inzlicht

Mid-term - 40% Final - 60%

PSYC14 - Cross-Cultural Social Psychology - Dr. Tran

Exams x3 - 33.33% each

PSYC18 - Psychology of Emotion - Dr. Cupchik

Midterm - 50% Final - 50%

PSYC21 - Advanced Development: Social Development - Dr. Haley

Mini-lab reports x5 - 20% (5% each of best 4) Mid-Term 30% Final - 50% Extra Credit - 2%

PSYC31 - Clinical Neuropsychology - Dr. Zakzanis

Midterm x2 - 30% each Final - 40%

PSYC32 - Clinical Neuropsychology Laboratory - Dr. Zakzanis

Midterm x2 - 20% each Final - 30% Lab Take-home Test - 5% Presentation - 5% 12

Final Lab Exam - 20%

PSYC35 - Advanced Personality Psychology - Dr. Fournier

Mid-term - 50% Final - 50%

PSYC36 - Psychotherapy - Dr. Uliaszek

Mid-term - 50% Final - 50%

PSYC37 - Psychological Assessment - Dr. Ruocco

Participation - 5% Assignment - 20% Mid-Term - 35% Final - 40%

PSYC55 - Cognitive Neuroscience - Dr. Lee

Mid-Term x2 - 20% each Final Exam - 30% Critical Analysis paper x2 - 15% each

PSYC62 - Drugs and the Brain - Dr. Erb

Midterm - 45% Final - 55%

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PSYC85 - History of Psychology - Dr. Cupchik

Mid-Term - 33.33% Final - 33.33% Term Paper - 33.33%

PSYC90 - Supervised Study in Psychology - Students Supervisor

Supervisors Mark - 100%

PSYC93 - Supervised Study in Psychology - Students Supervisor

Supervisors Mark - 100%

PSYD11 - Psychology of Interpersonal Relationships - Dr. Tran

Class Participation - 9% Reaction Papers x8 - 4.25% each (total of 34%) Guided Discussion - 28.5% Final Proposal - 28.5%

PSYD16 - Critical Analysis in Social Psychology - Dr. Cupchik

Midterm - 33.33% Final - 33.33% Term Paper - 33.33%

PSYD18 - Psychology of Gender - Dr. Dion

Mid-Term - 35% Seminar - 25% Paper - 25% 14

Seminar Presentation - 15%

PSYD22 - Socialization Process - Dr. Dion

Mid-Term - 35% Seminar - 25% Paper - 25% Seminar presentation - 15%

PSYD30 - Current Topics in Personality Psychology - Dr. Fournier

Individual Participation - 20% Group Presentation - 30% Midterm Paper - 20% Final Paper - 30%

PSYD32 - Personality Disorders - Dr. Ruocco

Literature Search Results - 10% Group Presentation of Literature Review - 20% Outline of Research Paper - 10% Class Participation - 10% Final Paper - 50%

PSYD33 - Current Topics in Abnormal Psychology - Dr. Zakzanis

Proposal - 10% Presentation - 20% Critical Paper Review - 50% Participation - 10% Exam - 10%

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PSYD35 - Clinical Psychopharmacology - Dr. Nussbaum

Quizzes x4 - 25% each

PSYD50 - Current Topics in Memory and Cognition - Dr. Cree

Notes - 5% Position Papers - 20% Class Participation - 10% Presentations - 10% Evaluation of Presentations - 10% 2500 word Term Paper - 45%

PSYD98 - Thesis in Psychology - Dr. Erb

Supervisor Mark - 60% Second Thesis Reader - 15% Course Instructor - 25%

NROD66 - Drug Addiction - Dr. Erb

Mid-Term - 20% Seminar - 20% Thought Papers x2 - 10% each Class Participation - 10% Research Proposal - 30%

NROD67 - Psychobiology of Aging - Dr. LeBoutillier

Leading In-Class Assigned Readings - 25% Short Response Papers - 15% Class Participation - 20% 16

Proposal - 10% Final Paper - 30%

NROD98 - Thesis in Neuroscience - Dr. Erb

Supervisor Mark - 60% Second Thesis Reader - 15% Course Instructor - 25%

Research Experience
There are several ways undergraduates, particularly those planning to attend graduate school, can earn laboratory research experience. The most common ways are through independent study or volunteering. Although you can wait to take supervised study courses, your best bet is to start volunteering or doing a workstudy in second year. Here are some steps to help you succeed in getting into a lab. 1. Check out the faculty lists to see what research field you are interested in. http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~psych/faculty.shtml (Department of Psych) http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~biosci/faculty.html (Department of Biology) 2. Set up appointments to meet with the professors you have selected. Express your interest in their lab and explain why you would like to join. Dont just ask if they have room without showing that you know what youre getting involved in. 3. Apply between 2-4 weeks before the summer and fall semesters. Very few professors accept students beginning in the winter semester. If there is a lab manager, email them in regards to joining the lab. If not, email the professor. Likewise, if there is a volunteer forum or application on the professors website, be sure to fill that out and send it along with your email.

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4. When applying, include an unofficial transcript. This can be a screenshot of your ROSI Academic History, or a list of the courses youve taken (course codes, names, and marks in both GPA and numeric format). Since first and second years tend to have very little applicable experience, most professors rely on cGPA. 5. When going to the interview, look up some of their research papers in case they ask you anything about them. You dont need to know specifics, but know general ideas. You can look up papers at http://simplelink.library.utoronto.ca/url.cfm/54558. If you arent interested in their research, they probably arent the right professor for you! If you are thinking about pursuing graduate school, it is imperative to include academic reference letters. Get to know your professors and let them get to know you. This is a process and requires time to build that professional rapport. Just volunteering in their lab doesnt mean they will get to know you. Take initiative; ask for more work on top of your typical volunteering. This will show youre a standout student and will help facilitate the bond between you and your professor. If you are having a difficult time getting along with your professor, it would be wise to finish your time commitment and respectfully decline to be involved further. mentioned in good light only. The professors within the Department do talk to each other, so you want to be

Work Study
Another way to become involved in a lab is to become a Work-Study student. This is a great way to gain research experience as well as earning a small amount of change throughout the year. The rate of pay is $10.25/hr. +4% vacation pay up to a maximum of 90 hours per semester and 12 hours per week. Work Study positions will become available at the beginning of the Fall and Summer semesters. In order to view these positions, please visit https://www.careers.utoronto.ca/st/welcome.aspx?tr= 18

Once logged into the Career Center online, on the left hand side, please select Search Work Opportunities. If you select the Advance Search Options, you will be able to select Work Study positions, as well as your general field and location. Click Search and you will see all positions fitting your description. More information on Work Study can be found at http://joomla.utsc.utoronto.ca/aaccweb/index.php/employment/buildingexperience/97-work-study-program.

Supervised Study and Thesis Projects

Supervised Study and Thesis Project forms can be found at http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~psych/undergraduates.html. Generally, the purpose of a Supervised Study and Thesis project is to give you tangible experimental research experience. While most studies dont lead to publications, it is possible to produce a project that is published. Please note that Supervised Studies are a year long, but are worth 0.5 credits. Since it is only 0.5 credits, it will cost the same as any other 0.5 credit course. The thesis projects are 1.0 credit and finish with a poster presentation.

Research Scholarships/Awards
NSERC Awards NSERC awards will be posted on the intranet around January. These awards are completely GPA based and require an NSERC-eligible supervisor. The general pay is $5600 for full-time research over 16 weeks in the summer. Again, details will be posted on the intranet sometime in January. University of Toronto Excellent Awards (UTEAs ) UTEAs are very similar to the NSERC awards, except U of T covers most of the costs, not the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Summer Scholarships 19

Some hospitals and industries offer summer awards of varying commitment lengths and values. These are generally extremely competitive, but are also extremely rewarding and very prestigious. PNDA will compile a list of these opportunities beginning in January for you to look at. Other Awards and Scholarships Budding Scholars While the Budding Scholars award offers no monetary value, it is a great initiative that offers many opportunities throughout the rest of your undergraduate career at UTSC. The award is offered to the top 2% of PSYA01 / PSYA02 classes. Immediately following the receipt of the Budding Scholar award, you will be given the opportunity to volunteer in Dr. Fourniers lab during the summer. Youll also receive other opportunities that are restricted to Budding Scholars. For more information about scholarships and awards, visit http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~registrar/financial_aid/scholarship

External Organizations to Get Involved with:

Name Across Boundaries : An Ethnoracial Mental Health Centre Canadian Association for Neuroscience Canadian Psychology Association Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH) Epilepsy Toronto Healthy Minds Canada University Health Contact 416-787-3007 [email protected] http://www.acrossboundaries.ca/ http://www.can-acn.org/ 613-237-2144 or Toll free (in Canada): 1-888-4720657 [email protected] http://www.cpa.ca CAMH Main switchboard:416-535-8501 [email protected]. http://www.camh.ca 416-964-9095 [email protected] www.epilepsytoronto.org 416-351-7757 [email protected] http://healthymindscanada.ca http://www.uhn.ca/applications/iNews/default.aspx 20

Network

Graduate Programs in Psychology

Field Clinical Psychology Degree Universities M.A. PhD Requirements Other Ryerson, Bachelors Degre of Training Lakehead, York, Science or Arts professional Guelph, Simon Minimum B+/A- average psychologist in Fraser, U of T, Strong background in assessing, treating, University of psychology and some and preventing British Columbia statistics mental disorders (UBC) Clinical M.Sc. Queens, Western Honours Bachelors Emphasizing a Psychology PhD Ontario, Victoria Degree in Psychology scientistMinimum B + (or 78% practitioner avg) approach, with GRE required research and Research experience an theoretical asset approaches as the focus in a clinical environment Cognitive PhD Waterloo, Honours Bachelors A research heavy Psychology Western Degree in Psychology program, based on Ontario, Victoria Minimum B (or 75%avg) how people GRE required perceive and use information. Studies on problem solving, reading, awareness, memory, and attention are common Counseling M.Ed UBC, Victoria, Honours Bachelors Developing the Psychology PhD Western Degree in Psychology skills and Ontario, U of T Minimum B+ (or 78%) understanding to avg. in the last two years work as 1 year relevant paid or professional volunteer experience counselors in community agencies and public institutions Development M.Sc. U of T, Western Honours Bachelors Studying al Psychology M.A. Ontario, Queens, Degree in Psychology or psychological, 21

PhD

Waterloo, UBC

Industrial and Organization al Psychology

M.A Waterloo, PhD Guelph, Western Ontario

Social/Person M.Sc. Western ality M.A Ontario, Wilfred Psychology Laurier, Queens, Waterloo, York, UTSC

emotional, and perceptual changes leading to careers in university and community college teaching as well as research Honours Bachelors Applying Degree in Psychology psychological with Thesis Component principles to the Strong emphasis on working research and statistics environment, Minimum Aoften involving GRE required advising employers on matters such as employee training, selection, and behaviour. Publications in scientific and business journals common Honours Bachelors The behaviour and Degree in Psychology attitudes of Honours thesis is individuals and encouraged groups in a social Relevant volunteer and context is work experience an examined, with asset emphasis on areas Minimum A- , with focus such as on last two years relationships, GRE required prejudice, social justice, social cognition, motivation, and personal perception Students will learn how to develop their own programs of research and presenting work. 22

field related to healthcare Minimum AGRE required

Behavioural M.Sc. Neuroscience M.A. PhD

Cognitive and M.Sc. Behavioural PhD Neuroscience

Honours Bachelors A research Degree in Psychology intensive program and/or Neuroscience that focuses on GRE recommended specialties in areas Minimum B + within the such as memory, last two years of study drug usage, aging, Thesis and lab work an and eating asset disorders, and examines on both a biological and social perspective Waterloo, Honours Bachelors Covering a variety Western Degree in Psychology of disciplines, with Ontario, and/or Neuroscience an overall theme Windsor, GRE recommended of examining the Wilfred Laurier Minimum B + within the biological basis of last two years of study behaviour and Research experience cognitive and written thesis a function. strong asset Extensive research into areas such as animal cognition, neuroendocrinolo gy, autism, and psycholinguistics, working closely with professors UBC, Guelph, Western Ontario, U of T, UTSC, Carleton, Ottawa Commonly, process Collaborative involves applying programs that will directly to Masters of allow for students Science programs in to implement a other faculties variety of (Biological Sciences or disciplines and Psychology) and once in leads to eventual program applying to specialization. Neuroscience specialty Integrative Honours Bachelors biology, Degree Psychology, Minimum A within the Computer Science, last two years of and Pharmacology undergraduate study are some of the Thesis work and strong disciplines background in Biology involved and Psychology an asset 23

UBC, Wilfred Laurier, Carleton,

General M.Sc. Neuroscience PhD

General Neuroscience Continues

Career Option Resources

Psychology Following a BA or BSc degree in psychology, some people choose to not pursue psychology. If you choose not to, many of the abilities and skills that you obtained as a psychology student can be used in careers that are not directly related to psychology. If you do pursue psychology-based careers, there are three general paths a student can pursue. o Psychology as a career: A bachelor's degree (B.A. or B.Sc.) is the first step on the road to graduate-level training to become a psychologist. To call yourself a psychologist, you must complete at least a Master's degree and normally a PhD in psychology. This applies both to research careers (e.g., university professor) and becoming a practicing psychologist. There are several areas of specialization for those who wish to pursue post-graduate training at the master's or doctoral level; within each area, one may choose sub-specialties in which to teach, conduct research, be a practitioner, or some combination of these three activities. o Careers open to Graduates with a B.A. or a B.Sc. and in which psychology is relevant: Both the skills and knowledge acquired through the baccalaureate programs provide preparation for a variety of career fields, including but not limited to personnel, labour relations, social services, technical writing, corrections, probation, parole, marketing and public relations, gerontology, health services, fundraising and mental health. A bachelor's degree in psychology often serves as a valuable preliminary step to other professional careers such as medicine, law, management, social work, and education. o Careers built on psychology skills and knowledge: Psychology graduates also sometimes pursue careers in, for example, law, journalism and business. This often requires further study.

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o For specific career options with a degree in psychology and further

information try these links: http://joomla.utsc.utoronto.ca/aaccweb/images/stories/programtipsheet/ps ychology.pdf http://www.cpa.ca/students/career/careersinpsychology/# Neuroscience The knowledge gained as a result of studying neuroscience at the undergraduate level can be applied in research, testing and quality control laboratories in academic, medical and industrial environments. Neuroscience can provide the foundation to pursue a career in medicine, dentistry, pharmacology, biotechnology, psychology, biology, behavioural genetics and related fields. Likewise, you can take your background into other fields such as law, journalism, and public policy. The list of possible careers found in the links below represents only a subset of the career options that might be available to you: http://joomla.utsc.utoronto.ca/aaccweb/images/stories/programtipsheet/neurosci ence.pdf http://www.utdallas.edu/~kilgard/neuroscience_careers.htm Mental Health Studies There is a wide range of careers in community mental health including both service providers and operational personnel. There are no standard job classifications with the community mental health sector. Mental health organizations may use different job titles for similar positions or use a general job title such as 'mental health worker'. Service providers are directly involved with providing mental health services to clients. Community mental health services can be provided in a variety of settings such as primary health care settings, the agency's office, the client's home, workplace or in public settings like a coffee shop. For further information on careers with a mental health degree please look here.

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