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Lab 1: Graphing Review: 1 Graph 1

This document summarizes an experiment to graphically analyze the discharge of a capacitor over time. The document contains two sections: 1. The first section graphs the raw charge values over time and fits an exponential curve, determining the initial charge (Q0) to be 201.91 mC with 0.95% error and discharge time constant (τ) to be 2.43 seconds with 8% error. 2. The second section takes the natural log of the charge values to linearize the exponential relationship. This yields a Q0 of 201.95 mC with 0.98% error and τ of 2.43 seconds with 8% error, identical to the first method.

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Benson Wang
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55 views5 pages

Lab 1: Graphing Review: 1 Graph 1

This document summarizes an experiment to graphically analyze the discharge of a capacitor over time. The document contains two sections: 1. The first section graphs the raw charge values over time and fits an exponential curve, determining the initial charge (Q0) to be 201.91 mC with 0.95% error and discharge time constant (τ) to be 2.43 seconds with 8% error. 2. The second section takes the natural log of the charge values to linearize the exponential relationship. This yields a Q0 of 201.95 mC with 0.98% error and τ of 2.43 seconds with 8% error, identical to the first method.

Uploaded by

Benson Wang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Lab 1: Graphing Review

Benson (Yu Wang)


Aug 30, 2014
version A, lab partner: Jose Luis Zacarias

Graph 1
Time (s)
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0

Charge (mC)
160
122
110
93
70
64
48
39
35
25
20
17
15
10
10
7

1.1

Finding Q0

By plotting the charge values onto a graph, we had Excel plot a best fit
exponential curve. The decay follows the theoretical relationship:
t/

Q(t) = Q0 e

If we correspond the equation obtained from Excel to the decay relationship,


we find the experimental value Q0 = 201.91.

1.2

Percent Error Q0

The manufacturers value for Q0 is 200 mC


201.91 200
100 = .95%
200

1.3

Finding

The decay has the equation:


t/

Q(t) = Q0 e

The equation obtained from the best fit line yields an exponent of 0.4119t.
Therefore, if we set the exponents equal,
1
= .4119

= 2.43

1.4

Percent Error

The manufacturers value of is 2.25.


2.43 2.25
100 = 8%
2.25

2
2.1

Graph 2
Modifying Data

To linearize the equation, we try to make y = bekx into the form y = mx + b


because the original function looks like an exponential function to a negative
power. To do this, log must be taken to eliminate the exponent.
Q(t) = Q0 e

t/

ln(Q(t)) = ln(Q0 e t/ )
1
ln(Q(t)) = t + ln(Q0 )

If we compare this to the original data, this new equation in the form of
y = mx + b suggests that we take the natural log of all the values for charge.
A new chart and graph demonstrates this below.
Time (s)
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0

2.2

Charge (mC)
5.075
4.804
4.700
4.533
4.248
4.159
3.871
3.664
3.556
3.219
2.996
2.833
2.708
2.303
2.303
1.946

Finding Q0

The best fit line produced by Excel follows the relationship:


1
ln(Q(t)) = F (t) = t + ln(Q0 )

where Q(t) is values of charges for graph 1 and F(t) is the values of charges
for graph 2.
If we compare this equation to the best fit line values obtained from Excel:
ln(Q0 ) = 5.308
Q0 = 201.95

2.3

Percent Error Q0

The given value of Q0 is 200 mC.


201.95 200
100 = .98%
200

2.4

Finding

We obtained the linear equation:


1
F (t) = t + ln(Q0 )

The coefficient of t which is given in the equation as 1 is also given in the


best fit line as -.4119.
1
= .4119

= 2.43

2.5

Percent Error

The manufacturers value of is 2.25.


2.43 2.25
100 = 8%
2.25

2.6

Compare Values

The values from the exponential function and the linear function are exactly
the same: 2.43.
2|
The percent difference is calculated by 1|(11
100. Because the values
+2 )
2
are both the same, the percent difference value would be 0%.
4

Graph 1

Graph 2

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