Lips
Inner and outer lip distinction
Distinction
Keratinized?
Thickness?
Sweat Gland, Hair,
Sebaceous
Accessory Salivary
gland
Inner
No
Thin
No
Outer
Yes
Thick
Yes
Yes
No
Obicularis Oris- circum-oral muscle that can be seen in the lips
Vermillion zone - sharp demarcation between the lip (red colored) and the adjacent normal skin
Tongue
Surface of the tongue is covered by stratified squamous epithelium
Dorsal Surface is rough due to the presence of Tongue Papillae
Fungiform papillae
mushroom-shaped at in longitudinal section
present mostly at the apex (tip) of the tongue and at the sides.
Innervated by facial nerve.
Filiform papillae
these are thin, long papillae "V"-shaped cones
don't contain taste buds
most numerous
mechanical in nature and not involved ingustation
characterized by increased keratinization.
Foliate papillae
ridges and grooves towards the posterior part of the tongue
found at the lateral borders
Innervated by facial nerve (anterior papillae) andglossopharyngeal nerve (posterior papillae).
Circumvallate papillae
there are only about 10 to 14 of these papillae
at the back of the oral part of the tongue
arranged in a circular-shaped row just in front of the sulcus terminalis of the tongue
are associated with ducts of Von Ebner's glands
innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve.
Taste Buds
-are oval clusters of elongated cells which extend across the thickness of the epithelium
Nasal Epithelium (Developing tooth) and Adult tooth
The enamel is not visible anymore because of the process of preparing the slide by submerging it to acid
TOOTH ENAMEL
Substance hardest of the parts of the tooth
Hardest of all the tissues of human body
protective tooth structure that covers the exposed part of a tooth, the crown
DENTIN or IVORY
tissue below the tooth enamel
main mass of a tooth
supports the tooth enamel and absorbs the pressure of eating
consists of a number of micro-fibers imbedded in a dense homogeneous matrix of collagenous proteins
DENTAL PULP
soft connective tissue containing nerves and blood vessels that nourish the tooth
most internal structure of a tooth
surrounded by the dentine
found in the soft center of the tooth inside the pulp chamber and the root canal
CEMENTUM
covers the dentine outside of the root (under the gum line)
attached to the bone of the jaw with little elastic fibers
as hard as bone but not as hard as the tooth enamel.
PERIODONTIUM
supporting structure of a tooth
complex of soft and hard tissues that surround the tooth
GUMS
tough pink-colored tissue
covers the bone of the jaw
supports the tooth structure inside the alveolar bone.
PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
tissue between the cementum and the alveolar bone
consists of tough little elastic fibers that keep the tooth attached to the jaw.
ALVEOLAR BONE
bone of the jaw that keeps the tooth in its place
feeds and protects it.
Salivary Glands
Compound exocrine glands with ductal and acinar portions
Acinar portion is serous, mucinous or mixed
Acini are lined by luminal cells, which are enclosed by myoepithelial cells
Serous acini
dense, basophilic
have central lumen that is rarely visible by H&E
Mucous acini
larger than serous acini
irregular pattern
have abundant cytoplasm with clear mucin
well-rounded
basal nuclei
arranged around empty lumina
Myoepithelial cells
Surround acini and intercalated ducts and mediate contraction
Have both epithelial and mesenchymal structures and functions
Ducts - all with outer basal cells and inner luminal cells
Intercalated
have reserve cells that regenerate acinar tissue and terminal duct system
striated or interlobular
Sebaceous glands
attached to parotid and submandibular ducts
Parotid gland
Serous acini only
Contains numerous basophilic zymogen granules
Nuclei are uniform, round and in basal half of cell
Intercalated ducts are long but small in comparison to acini and striated ducts
Striated ducts are larger than intercalated ducts, 3-6x size of acinus
Striations are due to folds in basal plasma membranes
Contains small lymph nodes near or within the gland, which arise from interstitial lymphocytes
Resembles pancreatic tissue, but parotid gland has adipocytes and pancreatic tissue has islets and centroacinar cells
Submandibular/submaxillary gland
Predominantly serous but also mucinous acini
Sublingual gland
Predominantly mucinous but also serous acini
Minor salivary glands
von Ebners glands of tongue (posterior dorsal and lateral): serous acini only
Palate, base and lateral border of tongue: predominantly mucous acini
Lip, cheek, apex of tongue: mixed serous and mucous acini
