52

Generic/
Brand Name
&
Classification
(10%)

Dose,
Strength &
Fornulation
(10%)

Generic:
Paracetamol

Ordered:
(250
MG/5mL)
2.5 mL

Brand:
Tylenol

Classification:
Analgesics
(nonopoid)
Antypyretic

Timing:
q6
8am
1pm
7pm

Duration:
4-6 hours

Other forms:
-Caplets

Indication/Mechanis
m of Drug Action
(15%)

Indication:
-Temporary reduction
of fever.
-Temporary relief of
minor aches, and pain
cause by common cold
or influenza.

Mechanism of Action:
Reduces fever by
acting directly on the
hypothalamic heatregulating center to
cause vasodilation and
sweating , which help
dissipate heat.

Adverse/Side
Effects Drug
Interaction
(15%)

Nursing
Responsibilities
(20%)

Rationale
(10%)

Client
Teaching
(20%)

*CNS: headache

Before:
*Assess
patients pain or
temperature
before therapy
and regulatory.

*To indicate
baseline data
and monitor
drugs
effectiveness.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook
2010: p.71-72)

-Tell patient
not to use
drug for fever
thats higher
than 39.5C
lasts longer
than 3 days
or recurs.

*Avoid using
multiple
preparations
containing
paracetamol.

*To avoid
over dosage or
multiple
administration
of medication.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook
2010: p.71-72)

-Warn patient
that high
doses or
unsupervised
long-term use
can cause
liver damage.

*CV: chest pain,

dyspnea
*GI: Hepatic
toxicity and failure,
jaundice.
*GU: Acute renal
failure, renal tubular
necrosis.

*Hematologic:
Methemoglobinemi
a cyanosis;
hemolytic anemia,
hematuria, anuria,

During:

-Tell patient
to keep track

53

-Suppositories
-Chewable
tablets
Disintegrating
tablets
-Capsules
-Solution

neutropenia

(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010: p.7172)

*Hypersensitivity:
Rash, fever

*Do not exceed

the
recommended
dosage.

*To minimize
complication.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook
2010: p.71-72)

*Give Drug
with food.

*To prevent
GI upset.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook
2010: p.71-72)

After:
*Monitor serum
level regularly

-Advice the
*Treatment of patient that
overdose.
drug only for
(Nursing Drug short term
Handbook
use and to
2010: p.71-72) consult the
physician if
*Lead to
giving to
complication
children
or
longer than 5
anaphylactic
days.
reaction.

*Discontinue
drug if
hypersensitivity
occurs.

(Nursing Drug
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010: Handbook

of daily drug
intake,
including
OTC and
prescription
to maintain
the
effectiveness
of the
therapy.

54

p.71-72)

Generic/
Brand Name
&
Classification
(10%)
Generic:
Ibuprofen

Brand:
Advil

Dose,
Strength &
Fornulation
(10%)

Indication/Mechanis
m of Drug Action
(15%)

Adverse/Side
Effects Drug
Interaction
(15%)

Ordered:
(200
MG/2mL)

Indication:
-Relief mild to
moderate pain.

Timing:
q8

-Fever reduction

*CNS:
Headache,
dizziness,
somnolence,
fatigue,
tiredness,
tinnitus,
ophthalmologic
effects.

Duration:
4-6 hours
Classification:
Analgesics
(nonopoid)
NSAID

Other forms:

-Prevention and
treatment of migraine
headache.

*CV:
Hypertension,
palpitations,
arrhythmia,

Nursing
Responsibilities
(20%)

2010: p.71-72)

Rationale
(10%)

Before:
*Check 10
rights of
medication
administration.

*To avoid any

error of the
therapy.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.609)

*Assess patient
condition before
giving the
medication.

*To gain
cooperation and
success of
therapy.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 609)

Client
Teaching
(20%)

- Instruct to
use drug only
as prescribed.
-Tell to eat
first before
taking the
medication to
avoid GI
upset.
-Avoid OTC
drugs. Many
of these drugs

55

Propionic acid
Derivative

-Tablets
-Chewable
tablets
-Suspension
-Oral drops

Mechanism of Action:
Inhibits prostaglandins
synthesis by decreasing
enzyme needed for
biosynthesis.

heart failure.
*Dermatologic:
Rash, pruritus,
sweating, dry
mucous
membranes,
stomatitis.

(Nursing Drug
*GI: Nausea,
Handbook 2010: p.609) dyspepsia, GI
pain, diarrhea,
vomiting,
constipation,
flatulence, GI
bleeding.
*GU: Dysuria,
renal
impairment,
menorrhagia.
*Hematologic:
Bleeding,
platelet
inhibition with
higher doses,

During:
*Maintain
Aseptic
Technique
during
administration.

*To minimize
transmission of
microorganisms.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 609)

*Give Drug with *To prevent GI

food.
upset.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 609)
*Stay with the
*To make an
patient
observation and
throughout the
assist.
therapy.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 609)
After:
*Arrange for
periodic
ophthalmologic
examination.

*To assess
effectiveness.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.609)

contain similar
medication,
serious
overdose.
-Informed that
he may
experience
side effects
such nausea,
GI upset ,
dyspepsia,
diarrhea or
constipation.

56

neutropenia,
leukemia, bone
marrow
depression.
*Respiratory:
Dyspnea,
hemoptysis,
pharyngitis,
bronchospasm,
rhinitis.

Generic/
Brand Name
&
Classification
(10%)

Dose,
Strength &
Fornulation
(10%)

Generic:
Penecillin G
Benzathine

Ordered:
575 MG, 100
units
Timing:
q6

Indication/Mechanis
m of Drug Action
(15%)

Indication:
-Severe infections
caused by sensitive
organisms
( Streptococci)

Adverse/Side
Effects Drug
Interaction
(15%)
*CNS: Lethargy,
hallucinations,
seizures.
*GI: Glossitis,
stomatitis,
gastritis, sore

*Observe the
patient
frequently.

*To observe any

adverse effect.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.609)

(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.609)

Nursing
Responsibilities
(20%)

Before:
*Check 10
rights of
medication
administration.

Rationale
(10%)

Client
Teaching
(20%)

*To avoid any

error of the
therapy.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.923)

- Instruct to
report
difficulty
breathing,
rashes, severe
pain, mouth

57

Brand:
Permapen

Classification:
Antibiotic

-URTI caused by
sensitive streptococci
Duration:
2.4 million
units IM
weekly for 3
weeks.

-Prophylaxis of
rheumatic fever and
chorea.

mouth, furry
tongue, nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea,
abdominal pain,
bloody diarrhea.

*Educate about
side effects of
drug.

*For the patient

to be
knowledgeable.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 923)

*GU: Nephrittis

Other forms:
-Powder for
injection
-Vial

Mechanism of Action:
Inhibits synthesis of
cell wall of sensitive
organisms, causing cell
death.

(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010: p.
923)

*Hematologic:
Anemia,
leucopenia,
prolonged
bleeding time.

*Assess for
hypersensitivity
of drug.

*Hypersensitivity: *Reduce dosage

Rash, fever,
with hepatic or
wheezing,
renal failure.
anaphylaxis

*Local: Pain,
phlebitis,
thrombosis at
injection site

During:
*Do not mix
drug with IV
solutions.

*Prevent
anaphylactic
reaction.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 923)
*To minimize
complications..
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 923)
*drug is not for
IV use.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 923)

sore, unusual
bleeding or
bruising.
-Instruct
patient to take
medication as
directed for
the full
course of
therapy, even
if feeling
better.
-Informed
that he may
experience
side effects
such nausea,
mouth sores,
diarrhea,
vomiting and
pain.

58

*Avoid contact
with the
instruments.

* To minimize
transmission of
microorganisms..
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 923)

*Stay with the

patient
throughout the
whole duration
of
administration..

*To observe any

reaction.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.923)

After:
*Monitor client.

*Arrange for
regular follow
up tests

*To manage any

adverse reaction.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.923)
*To evaluate
effects.
. (Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.923)

59

*Do proper
documentation

*For future use

and legal basis.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.923)

(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.923)

Generic/
Brand Name

Dose,
Strength &

Indication/Mechanis

Adverse/Side
Effects Drug

Nursing
Responsibilities

Rationale
(10%)

Client
Teaching

60

&
Classification
(10%)

Fornulation
(10%)

m of Drug Action
(15%)

Generic:
Amoxicillin
Trihydrate

Ordered:
250 MG/ 5Ml
Syrup P.O.

Indication:
-To treat ear, nose,
throat, GU tract, skin
and soft tissue
infections caused by
susceptible gram
positive and negative
organisms.

Timing:
T.I.D.
Brand:
Amoxil
Duration:
6-8 Hours
Classification:
Antibiotic
Other forms:
-Chewable
tablets
- Oral
Suspension
-Capsules
-ER tablets
-Tablets

Mechanism of Action:
Inhibits synthesis of
cell wall of sensitive
organisms, causing cell
death.

(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010: p.
124)

Interaction
(15%)

*CNS: Lethargy,
hallucinations,
seizures.
*GI: Glossitis,
stomatitis,
gastritis, sore
mouth, furry
tongue, nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea,
abdominal pain,
bloody diarrhea.

(20%)

(20%)

Before:
*Check 10
rights of
medication
administration.

*To avoid any

error of the
therapy.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.125)

*Know that
patient with
mononucleosis
shouldnt
receive
amoxicillin.

*This class of
drug may cause
erythematous
rash.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 125)

*Culture
infected area.

*prior to
treatment;
reculture area if
response is not
expected.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 125)

-Instruct
patient to take
medication as
directed for
the full
course of
therapy, even
if feeling
better.
-Tell to take
medication
round the
clock.

*GU: Nephrittis
*Hematologic:
Anemia,
leucopenia,
prolonged
bleeding time.
*Hypersensitivity

- Instruct to
report
difficulty
breathing,
rashes, severe
pain, mouth
sore, unusual
bleeding or

61

:
Rash, fever,
wheezing,
anaphylaxis

*Local: Pain,
phlebitis,
thrombosis at
injection site.

During:
*Maintain
Aseptic
Technique
during
administration.

*Give in oral
preparations
only.

After:
*Assess for any
unpleasant side
effects .

*Use
corticosteroid or
antihistamine.

bruising.
* To minimize
transmission of
microorganisms.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 125)

-Informed
that this
antibiotic is
specific for
this problem
and should
*Amoxicillin is not be used to
not affected with self-treat any
food.
infections.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 125)
* To prepare
intervention that
lessen
complications.
(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p. 125)

*For any skin

reactions
(Nursing Drug

62

Handbook 2010:
p.125)

(Nursing Drug
Handbook 2010:
p.125)