Chapter 2Problem set 2

Name

Yunyoung Kim

Due Week 3 (July 28th)

Date submitted

July 28, 2016

MULTIPLE CHOICE
E 1. A phenotype is
a. a dominant allele.
b. the genetic make-up of an organism.
c. determined by the presence or absence of recessive alleles.
d. a genetic disorder.
e. the physical appearance of an organism.
A 2. A genotype is
a. the genetic make-up of an organism.
b. how an organism appears physically.
c. based on the interaction of recessive alleles only.
d. caused by genetic mutation.
e. a genetic disorder.
B 3. A recessive allele is
a. an allele that expresses its phenotypic effect even when it is present with a dominant
allele.
b. an allele whose presence can be hidden.
c. only present in males.
d. only present in females.
e. always present in homozygous individuals.
B 4. A dominant allele is
a. an allele whose presence can be hidden.
b. an allele that expresses its phenotypic effect even when it is present with a recessive allele.
c. only present in males.
d. only present in females.
e. always present in homozygous individuals.

E 5. Which of the following statements is true concerning a homozygote?

a. Homozygotes and heterozygotes will always show the same phenotype.
b. There is only one copy of a gene for a particular trait.
c. Males are more likely to be homozygous than females.
d. Two different alleles for a trait are present in a homozygote.
e. Both alleles for a trait are the same in this individual.

A 6. Mendels law of segregation states that

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a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

the two copies of a gene separate from each other during meiosis.
members of a gene pair segregate into gametes independently of other gene pairs.
genes pair with each other.
two copies of each gene will wind up in each gamete.
meiosis produces gametes.

C 7. Genetic counselors typically construct pedigrees

a. whenever a baby is born with a genetic birth defect.
b. to use evidence in criminal trials.
c. for every individual they counsel.
d. only for families with members who have cystic fibrosis.
e. when an individual requests genetic counseling.

D 8. Huntington disease (HD)

a. is never lethal.
b. is not inherited.
c. affects people between the ages of 10 and 20 years.
d. is inherited in a dominant manner.
e. involves a very rapid progression of the disease.

E 9. A trait
a. is only expressed when the individual is heterozygous.
b. cannot be passed from mother to daughter.
c. only comes in one form.
d. is only expressed when the individual is homozygous.
e. is a characteristic that a parent passes onto his/her offspring.

E 10. Which of the following is true about Huntington disease?

a. Symptoms typically appear between the ages of 10 and 20 years.
b. Individuals have a 25% chance of inheriting the condition from an affected parent.
c. Many individuals have already had children before developing the disorder.
d. Most affected individuals are homozygous for the gene (HH).
e. Once symptoms appear, the disease progresses very rapidly.

D 11. Which of the following properties is characteristic of an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance?
a. Every affected individual will have at least one affected parent.
b. More males than females will be affected.
c. Individuals who inherit one copy of the disease allele will be affected.
d. More females than males will be affected.
e. Male and female children are affected in roughly equal numbers.

A 12. Which is of the following statements is true about sex-linked traits?

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a. Fathers do not donate their X chromosome to their sons.

b. X-linked recessive genes are always expressed when present in females.
c. In general, females are affected by X-linked recessive disorders far more frequently than
males.
d. Females are hemizygous for any gene on the Y chromosome.
e. If the mother is heterozygous for an X-linked recessive allele, all of her sons will be
affected.
D 13. Which of the following is true about the genetic disease cystic fibrosis (CF)?
a. CF causes excessive accumulation of phenylalanine in the blood.
b. CF increases the risk of skin cancer.
c. CF patients produce abnormal blood cells.
d. CF demonstrates autosomal recessive inheritance.
e. CF causes improper metabolism in nerve cells.

E 14. Which of the following is true about the genetic disease familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)?
a. FH is inherited as a X-linked recessive trait.
b. FH is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.
c. FH is a form of dwarfism.
d. FH results from the accumulation of a protein called huntingtin.
e. FH is a condition characterized by very high levels of cholesterol in the blood.
E 15. Which of the following is an example of an X-linked recessive genetic trait?
a. porphyria
b. familial hypercholesterolemia
c. Marfan syndrome
d. achondroplasia
e. red-green colorblindness
B 16. Which of the following is an example of an autosomal recessive genetic disorder?
a. hemophilia A
b. cystic fibrosis (CF)
c. Marfan syndrome
d. brachydactyly
e. Duchenne muscular dystrophy
C 17. What is the distinctive pattern of inheritance found for X-linked recessive traits?
a. Only males are affected.
b. Affected males have an affected father.
c. Hemizygous males (having a diseased X copy and a Y) and homozygous females are
affected.
d. Only females are affected.
e. Affected individuals will always have an affected parent and an unaffected parent.

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A 18. Which type of genetic condition is much more common in males than females?
a. X-linked recessive
b. dominant autosomal
c. recessive autosomal
d. mutations
e. aneuploidy
C 19. Hemophilia A is a(n) ____ disorder.
a. autosomal recessive
b. autosomal dominant
c. X-linked recessive
d. X-linked dominant
e. non-genetic
A 20. Males donate their ____ chromosome to their daughters and their ____ chromosome to their sons.
a. X, Y
b. X, X
c. X, O
d. O, O
e. Y, Y
B 21. In X-linked disorders, daughters of affected males are
a. always homozygous.
b. usually carriers.
c. mutant.
d. always affected.
e. aneuploid
C 22. What is usually true about autosomal recessive disorders?
a. Affected parents have unaffected children.
b. Autosomal recessive disorders are always the result of matings between individuals who
are related to each other.
c. Unaffected parents can have affected children.
d. All relatives of affected parents will always have affected children.
e. None of these statements are true.
B 23. Mitochondrial disorders
a. are due to inheriting defective mitochondria from both parents.
b. are due to inheriting defective mitochondria from the mother only.
c. are passed from father to all of his children.
d. are X-linked traits.
e. are due to mutant autosomal genes.

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TRUE/FALSE (circle one here-----scratch off sheet not used for these questions)

1. T In the case of autosomal recessive traits, male and female children are affected in roughly equal
numbers.
2. T In the case of autosomal recessive traits, unaffected parents can have affected children.

3. F The Y chromosome has the same genes as found on the X chromosome.

4. F

In the case of dominant disorders, a heterozygote who carries one copy of a mutant dominant allele has
the condition.

5. T Very few females would be expected to have hemophilia A.

6. T In the case of autosomal transmitted diseases, the numbers of affected males and females are roughly
equal.
MATCHING
Match the type of inheritance to the description.(more than one answer may be used if needed).
a. autosomal recessive
b. autosomal dominant
c. X-linked recessive
d. autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant only
e. None of the above.
1. B Equal frequency of males and females affected.
2. B Affected individuals have at least one affected parent.
3. C
More males than females are affected.
4. E
More females than males are affected.
5. A
Affected individuals may have two unaffected parents.
6. A
Heterozygous individuals do not show the trait.
7. C
Heterozygous individuals show the trait.

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