Total No.
of Pages: 2
7978
Register Number:
Name of the Candidate:
DIPLOMA EXAMINATION, May 2015
(PETROLEUM REFINING ENGINEERING)
110. DISTILLATION
Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 marks
Answer any FIVE questions (520=100)
All questions carry equal marks
1. A mixture containing 70 mole % benzene and 30 mole% toluene is to be
vaporised at 760 mm Hg until 1/3 moles of original liquid mixture are in vapour
phase. Calculate the composition of the distillate and residue when the
separation takes place under differential distillation. Take =2.5.
2. A mixture of 60mole% Benezene and 40mole% toluene is to be distilled
continuously into a distillate product containing 90 mole% Benzene and the
bottom product containing 5mole% Benzene. The fractional distillation column
will operate at constant pressure at 1.0atm. Reflux ratio is 2.5 How many
theoretical plates must the column have, if the feed is introduced into the
seventh plate?
Equilibrium data are as here under:
X 0 0.10 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
Y 0 0.20 0.29 0.61 0.79 0.91 1.00
3. A saturated liquid feed containing 40%(mole) n-hexane and 60% (mole)n-octane
is fed to a small distillation column at a rate of 100kg mole/hr. A reflux ratio 1.5
is maintained. Find the number of theoretical plates excluding the reboiler.
Assume that a total condenser is used.
Equilibrium data:
X 0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.55 0.7 1.00
Y 0 0.36 0.7 0.85 0.9 0.95 1.00
4. A counter current packed tower is to be designed to handle a gas containing 5%
benzene and 95% air at 26.5C and 1 atm pressure. At the top of the water a non
volatile adsorption oil is to be introduced containing 0.2% benzene by weight
95% benzene recovery is suggested. The other data are as follows:
a) Volumetric flow rate of inlet gas=1140m 3/hr at 26.5C and 1 atm.
b) M.wt oil=230
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c) Tower conditions: 760mm Hg and 26.5C
d) V.P of benzene at 26.5C=106mm Hg.
Find out the minimum liquid/gas ratio. Assume Raoults law to be applied.
5. Discuss in detail about simple and distillation with neat sketch.
6. A liquid mixture containing 50 mole% benzene and 50mole% toluene is subjected
to flash distillation at a separator pressure 101.25kPa to vaporize 50mole% of
feed. What will be the equation composition of vapour and liqud?
Data
X 0 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Y 0 0.13 0.21 0.375 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.77 0.83 0.9 0.95 1.0
7. A binary mixture containing 40mole% of light fraction is to be separated into two
fractions: distillate containing 90mole% of light component and bottom
containing 5 mole % light component. Feed is available in the form of liquid
vapour mixture containing 50%liquid and 50% vapour and is charged to a
distillation column at the rate of 100kmol/h. If the reflux ratio is 2.6 and the
relative volatility is 2.50, determine the number of theoretical trays required to
effect the given separation. Also, locate the optimum feed tray. The distillation
column is fitted with a partial reboiler and a total condenser.
8. Nitric acid water mixture forms maximum boiling azeotrope at 1atm a and at
122C, with a composition of 64.1% by mass HNO3. Distillate contains 99.9%
HNO3(by mass) and residue contains 1% HNO3(by mole) Separation is achieved
from the azeotropic mixture by extractive distillation using concentrated
sulphuric acid (99% by mass) as solvent. Residue of this extractive distillation
column is 80% by mass H2SO4 and remaining water. Extractive distillation is
carried out in glass packed tower type distillation column at 180 Torr a pressure.
Glass Raschig rings are used as packing material. Determine height of packing
required for the desired separation in this extractive distillation column. Average
relative volatility of nitric acid-water mixture in presence of large amount of
sulphuric acid is 95. Assuming that feed is saturated liquid.
9. a) List out the various design options for energy conservation in distillation
column. Also discuss the energy saving in distillation column by direct
vapour compressor.
b) Discuss selection criteria of solvent for successful extractive distillation
sequence.
10. Describe in detail about the methods of analyzing fractionating column and
explain McCabe Thiele method in detail.
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