Amazon Elastic Block Store
Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) provides persistent block storage
volumes for use with Amazon EC2 instances in the AWS Cloud. Each Amazon
EBS volume is automatically replicated within its Availability Zone to protect you
from component failure, offering high availability and durability. Amazon EBS
volumes offer the consistent and low-latency performance needed to run your
workloads. With Amazon EBS, you can scale your usage up or down within
minutes all while paying a low price for only what you provision.
EBS volumes are highly available and reliable storage volumes that can be
attached to any running instance that is in the same Availability Zone. EBS
volumes that are attached to an EC2 instance are exposed as storage volumes that
persist independently from the life of the instance. With Amazon EBS, you pay
only for what you use.
Amazon EBS Features:ck or the most demanding applications
A -High Performance Volumes
-Availability
-Encryption
-Access Management
-Snapshots
-Elastic Volumes
Amazon EBS Benefits:
-Reliable, Secure Storage
-Consistent, Low-latency Performance
-Backup, Restore, Innovate
-Quickly Scale Up, Easily Scale Down
-Geographic Flexibility
-Optimized Performance
Amazon EBS Volume Types:
Amazon EBS provides the following volume types, which differ in performance
characteristics and price
The volumes types fall into two categories:
1)Solid-State Drives(SSD)
2)Hard Disk Drives(HDD)
1)Solid-State Drives(SSD):
SSD-backed volumes optimized for transactional workloads involving
frequent read/write operations with small I/O size, where the dominant
performance attribute is IOPS
a)General Purpose SSD (gp2)* :
b) Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1)
2)Hard Disk Drives(HDD)
HDD-backed volumes optimized for large streaming workloads where
throughput (measured in MiB/s) is a better performance measure than IOPS.
a)Throughput Optimized HDD (st1)
b)Cold HDD (sc1)
Solid-State Drives (SSD) Hard disk Drives (HDD)
Volume Type General Purpose SSD Provisioned IOPS SSD Throughput Cold HDD (sc1)
(gp2)* (io1) Optimized HDD (st1)
Description General purpose SSD Highest-performance SSD Low cost HDD Lowest cost HDD
volume that balances volume designed for volume designed for volume designed
price and performance for mission-critical frequently accessed, for less frequently
a wide variety of applications throughput-intensive accessed workloads
transactional workloads workloads
Solid-State Drives (SSD) Hard disk Drives (HDD)
Use Cases Recommended for Critical business Streaming Throughput
most workloads applications that workloads -oriented
System boot require sustained requiring storage for
volumes IOPS performance, consistent, fast large
Virtual desktops or more than throughput at a volumes of
Low-latency 10,000 IOPS or 160 low price data that is
interactive apps MiB/s of Big data infrequently
Development and throughput per Data accessed
test environments volume warehouses Scenarios
Large database Log where the
workloads, such as: processing lowest
-MongoDB Cannot be a storage cost
Cassandra boot volume is important
Microsoft SQL Cannot be a
Server boot
MySQL volume
PostgreSQL
Oracle
API Name gp2 io1 st1 sc1
Volume Size 1 GiB - 16 TiB 4 GiB - 16 TiB 500 GiB - 16 TiB 500 GiB - 16 TiB
Max. 10,000 20,000 500 250
IOPS**/Volu
me
Max. 160 MiB/s 320 MiB/s 500 MiB/s 250 MiB/s
Throughput/
Volume
Max. 65,000 65,000 65,000 65,000
IOPS/Instanc
e
Max. 1,250 MiB/s 1,250 MiB/s 1,250 MiB/s 1,250 MiB/s
Throughput/I
nstance
Dominant IOPS IOPS MiB/s MiB/s
Performance
Solid-State Drives (SSD) Hard disk Drives (HDD)
Attribute
Magnetic (standard):
Magnetic is a Previous Generation Volume. For new applications, we recommend
using one of the newer volume types. Magnetic volumes are backed by magnetic
drives and are suited for workloads where data is accessed infrequently, and
scenarios where low-cost storage for small volume sizes is important. If you need
higher performance or performance consistency than previous-generation volumes
can provide, we recommend that you consider using General Purpose SSD (gp2) or
other current volume types.
The following table describes previous-generation EBS volume types.
Previous Generation Volumes
Volume Type EBS Magnetic
Description Previous generation HDD
Use Cases Workloads where data is infrequently
accessed
API Name Standard
Volume Size 1 GiB-1 TiB
Max. IOPS/Volume 40-200
Max. Throughput/Volume 40-90 MiB/s
Max. IOPS/Instance 48,000
Max. Throughput/Instance 1,250 MiB/s
Dominant Performance IOPS
Attribute
Amazon EBS Volume Types:
Solid State Drives (SSD) Hard Disk Drives (HDD)
EBS General Throughput
EBS Provisioned Cold HDD
Volume Type Purpose SSD Optimized
IOPS SSD (io1) (sc1)
(gp2)* HDD (st1)
Low cost
Highest General Purpose HDD Lowest cost
performance SSD SSD volume that volume HDD volume
volume designed balances price designed for designed for
Short Description for latency- performance for a frequently less
sensitive wide variety of accessed, frequently
transactional transactional throughput accessed
workloads workloads intensive workloads
workloads
Big data,
I/O-intensive Boot volumes, Colder data
data
NoSQL and low-latency requiring
Use Cases warehouses,
relational interactive apps, fewer scans
log
databases dev & test per day
processing
API Name io1 gp2 st1 sc1
500 GB - 16 500 GB - 16
Volume Size 4 GB - 16 TB 1 GB - 16 TB
TB TB
Max
20,000 10,000 500 250
IOPS**/Volume
Max
320 MB/s 160 MB/s 500 MB/s 250 MB/s
Throughput/Volume
Max IOPS/Instance 65,000 65,000 65,000 65,000
Max 1,250 MB/s 1,250 MB/s 1,250 MB/s 1,250 MB/s
Throughput/Instance
$0.125/GB-month
$0.045/GB- $0.025/GB-
Price $0.065/provisioned $0.10/GB-month
month month
IOPS
Dominant
Performance IOPS IOPS MB/s MB/s
Attribute
IOPS (Input/output Operations Per Second):
We are delighted to announce new features for customers looking to run high
performance databases in the cloud with the launch of Amazon EBS Provisioned
IOPS and EBS-Optimized instances for Amazon EC2.
Provisioned IOPS are a new EBS volume type designed to deliver predictable, high
performance for I/O intensive workloads, such as database applications, that rely
on consistent and fast response times. With EBS Provisioned IOPS, customers can
flexibly specify both volume size and volume performance, and Amazon EBS will
consistently deliver the desired performance over the lifetime of the volume.
Customers can then attach multiple volumes to an Amazon EC2 instance and stripe
across them to deliver thousands of IOPS to their application.
Amazon Web Services (AWS) offers two flavors of networked block storage as a
service with Elastic Block Storage (EBS): Standard and Provisioned IOPS. The
two offerings differ primarily by performance, meaning that the speed of an
application hosted on AWS using EBS for storage will be impacted by this choice.
Although EBS Provisioned IOPS is the higher performance option, you get the best
performance if and only if certain conditions (which are described below) are met.
What AWS EBS Standard and Provisioned IOPS provide:
To optimize your EBS volumes for Provisioned IOPS, it is important to understand
how it differs from Standard. Performance for EBS is primarily measured in
input/output operations per second (IOPS).
In the EBS case, IOPS refer to operations on blocks that are up to 16 KB in
size.1Standard volumes deliver 100 IOPS on average. This is roughly to number of
IOPS that a single desktop-class 7200 rpm SATA hard drive can deliver. In
comparison, a similar desktop-class SSD drive can deliver anywhere between
5,000 and 100,000 IOPS. Server-class SSD drives can go much higher.
EBS Provisioned IOPS can deliver a maximum of 4,000 IOPS, if and only if the
conditions described below are met.
Throughput :
Throughput is a measure of how many units of information a system can process in
a given amount of time. It is applied broadly to systems ranging from various
aspects of computer and network systems to organizations.
Note :
Definition and details for megabit/sec (Mbps):
Megabit per second (mbps or mb/s) is a common unit of data transmission rate
(bandwidth) in computers. Today most ISPs offer internet transmission rates to
their customers greater than 2 Mbps. Mbps shouldn't confused with mebibit per
second (mebps). Mbps is equal to 10002 bps (power of ten number) and mebps
10242 (power of 2 number).
Definition and details for mebibyte/sec (MiB/s):
Mebibyte per sec (MiB/s) is a unit of data transmission rate equal to 10242 bytes
per second.
Amazon EC2 Instance Store:
An instance store provides temporary block-level storage for your instance. This
storage is located on disks that are physically attached to the host computer.
Instance store is ideal for temporary storage of information that changes
frequently, such as buffers, caches, scratch data, and other temporary content, or
for data that is replicated across a fleet of instances, such as a load-balanced pool
of web servers.
An instance store consists of one or more instance store volumes exposed as block devices.
The size of an instance store varies by instance type. The virtual devices for instance store
volumes are ephemeral[0-23]. Instance types that support one instance store volume
have ephemeral0. Instance types that support two instance store volumes
haveephemeral0 and ephemeral1, and so on. While an instance store is dedicated to a particular
instance, the disk subsystem is shared among instances on a host computer.
