Moment Distribution Method

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.0 : Learning Outcomes

Learning Outcomes Week 3

At the end of this topic, students should be :

1) Able to formulate the member stiffness,
distribution factor and carry-over factor for
indeterminate structures.
2) Able to apply the fixed end moments due to
external loading and support settlement.
3) Able to calculate the member end
moments and solve the member end forces
for indeterminate structures. (CO2PO5)

4) Able to draw the shear force diagram,

bending moment diagram, and deflected
shape for indeterminate structures.
(CO1PO2)

Outline
Moment Distribution Method
 Analysis of beams
 Analysis of frames
Indeterminate Structures
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.0 : Outline

Prestress T Beam Timber Frame

B C
4 kN/m 100 kN
2 kN/m 2 kN/m
4m
5m
6m
2I 3I I D 60o
A B C A D
6m 6m 3m
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.1 : Introduction

This chapter consist of:-

1) Moment distribution of indeterminate beam.

2) Moment distribution of indeterminate non-sway frame.

3) Moment distribution of indeterminate sway frame.

Moment Distribution Method – Introduction

 The method of moment distribution relies on a series of calculations that are repeated and that with
every cycle come closer to the final situation.

 In this way we are able to avoid solving simultaneous equations. Inspection of the slope-deflection
equations shows us that the final end-moments depend on 4 effects namely, θA, θB, ψAB and the
fixed end moments, FEM.

 By using moment-distribution we are able to investigate each effect separately.

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.1 : Introduction

Indeterminate Beam
5 kN
Indeterminate Non-sway
4 kN/m Frame
1m
2 kN/m 2 kN/m
200kN E
A E
I 2I 3I I EI 1m
B C D B C
6m 6m 6m 3m EI

EI EI 3m
Indeterminate Sway Frame
B C
100 kN
A D
4m
5m
6m
60o
4m
A D
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.2 : Basic Concepts

Moment Distribution Method – Basic Concepts

The following beam will be used to illustrate moment-distribution.

1. Rotation is possible at both B and C

2. Rotation at B and C are prevented and the load is

applied. FEM will result. These are called the initial
moments.

3. Allow B to rotate until moment equilibrium is reached.

Rotation at B will induce a moment at C.

4. Allow C to rotate until moment equilibrium is

reached. The rotation of C will induce a moment at B.

5. Repeat this process until moment equilibrium is

reached at the nodes.
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.2 : Basic Concepts

Moment Distribution Method – Basic Concepts

Assume that the sum of the initial moments at the node B is equal to M 0.
Rotation will take place until moment equilibrium is attained, for example, sum moments ΣMB = 0.
D D
Therefore: M BA +M BC + Mo = 0 Equation 1
D D
Where M BA and M BC are the moments as a result
of the rotation at B (θB), and are called the
distribution moments.

Remember that all the other rotations and sway are prevented. But;

MDBA + MDBC + Mo = 0
Equation 2
Solve for θB;

In a similar fashion,
Equation 4

Equation 3
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.2 : Basic Concepts

Solve the distribution moments;

Equation 5

Equation 6

Where;
kBA is the stiffness of the member (Member Stiffness Factor) BA at the node B. It is also the moment that
would be induced if a unit rotation were applied at B in the member BA and the rotation at A was zero.
D D
M BA and M BC are the distribution moments which depend on the Distribution Factor, DF at B.
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.2 : Basic Concepts

Member Stiffness Factor (K)

Generally;
For internal member and far-end member fixed at Far-end member pinned or roller at end
end support; support;

4 EI 3EI
K eqn 12.1 K eqn 12.4
L L
Example: KBC = KCB = 4EI/L2 KAB = KBA = 3EI/L1

KCD = KDC = 4EI/L3

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.2 : Basic Concepts

Modification of the Stiffness Factor

(i) Symmetric beam and loading (ii) Symmetric beam with antisymmetric
loading

The stiffness factor for the center span The stiffness factor for the center
(BC) is; span (BC) is;

2 EI 6 EI
K eqn 12.1 K eqn 12.1
L L
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.2 : Basic Concepts

If B rotates a bending moment will be induced at A and C. Assume a rotation θB and calculate the moment at
A,

Equation 7

But bear in mind, from Equation 4:

Equation. 8

Dividing Equation 8 to Equation 5 and get ;

MDAB = ½ MDBA

The distributed bending moment is half the value of the distributed bending moment at B.

This is called the Carry-over Factor, CBA = ½.

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.2 : Basic Concepts

Carry Over Factor

CO = 0 CO = 0.5 CO = 0.5 CO =
0.5

CO = 0.5 for opposite end fixed

CO = 0.0 for opposite end pinned or cantilevered

Example:

Member A to B B to A B to C C to B C to D D to C
CO 0.5 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.2 : Basic Concepts

Joint Stiffness Factor (∑K) and Distribution Factor (DF)

Mi 
K iM K i
DFi    i

M i  M
DF Ki   K
Sum of member stiffness factor at one joint; i

K Member Stiffness Factor

KT   K  4000  5000
DF  DF 
K
1000
Joint eqn 12.2eqn10000
12.2
K K Stiffness Factor
Example: 3EI/L1
Example: DFAB = =1
KB = KBA + KBC 3EI/L1 + 0
= 3EI/L1 + 4EI/L2
DFBA = 3EI/L1
KC = KCB + KCD 3EI/L1 + 4EI/L2
= 4EI/L2 + 4EI/L3 Do you know?
4EI/L2
DFCB = 4EI/L2 + 4EI/L3
DF = 1 for pinned or cantilevered end
DF = 0 for fixed end
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.3 : Moment Distribution Procedures

Moment Distribution Procedures

 Calculate stiffness factors for each member (K).

 Calculate distribution factors (DF) at both ends of each member.

 Determine carry-over factors (CO) at both ends of each member.

 Assume all joints are fixed and calculate fixed-end moments (FEM) for each member.

 Balance pinned (to zero) and distribute half the moment to the opposite end.

 Distribute the unbalanced moments at all other joints to each adjacent member based on the
distribution factor.

 Carryover the distributed moments to the opposite ends of the each member using the carryover
factors.

 Iterate steps 6 and 7 until moment imbalance at each joint approaches zero.
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.3 : Moment Distribution Procedures

Fixed End Moments

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.3 : Moment Distribution Procedures
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.0 : Learning Outcomes

Learning Outcomes Week 4

At the end of this topic, students should be :

1) Able to formulate the member stiffness,
distribution factor and carry-over factor for
indeterminate beams. (CO2PO5)
2) Able to apply the fixed end moments due to
external loading and support settlement.
(CO2PO5)
3) Able to calculate the member end
moments and solve the member end forces
for indeterminate beams. (CO2PO5)
4) Able to draw the shear force diagram,
bending moment diagram, and deflected
shape for indeterminate beams.
(CO1PO2)

Indeterminate Structures
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Example 1: Moment distribution for beam

Determine the internal moments at each support of the beam as shown in Figure Q1.

Figure Q1

Solution :
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Solution:
Member stiffness factor (K) Distribution factor (DF)

KAB = KBA = 4EI/L1 for Fixed end support, DF = 0

KBC = KCB = 4EI/L2

Joint A B C
Member AB BA BC CB

K 4(2EI)/8 = 4
EIE ( 40) EI 4(3EI)/8 = 1.5 EI 1.5 EI 4 E (4
DFAB   0 DFAB 
∑K EI +   4 E ( 40) 2.5EI 1.5 EI +   4 E
DF = K/∑K 0 0.4 0.6 0
4 E (60) 4 E (6
DFCB  0 DFCB 
Carry over factor (CO)   4 E (60)   4E
for opposite end fixed, CO= 0.5
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Fixed End Moment (FEM)

FEMAB = - 20(8)/8 = - 20 kNm FEMBA = 20 kNm
2
FEMBC = - 3(8) /12 = - 16 kNm FEMCB = 2(8)2/12 = 16 kNm

Moment distribution table:

Joint A B C
Member AB BA BC CB

DF 0 0.4 0.6 0
FEM (kNm) -20 20 -16 16
Bal & Dist 0 -1.6 -2.4 0
Co -0.8 0 0 -1.2
Bal & Dist 0 0 0 0
∑M -20.8 18.4 -18.4 14.8

MAB = -20.8 kNm, MBA = 18.4 kNm, MBC = -18.4 kNm, MCB = 14.8 kNm
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Example 2: same as example 1 but support A change to pin

a) Determine all the support reactions and also,

b) Draw shear and bending moment diagrams.

Solution :
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Solution:
Member stiffness factor (K) Distribution factor (DF)
KAB = KBA = 3EI/L1 for pinned end support, DF = 1
KBC = KCB = 4EI/L2 for Fixed end support, DF = 0

Joint A B C
Member AB BA BC CB
K 3(2EI)/8 = 0.75 0.75 EI 4(3EI)/8 = 1.5 EI 1.5 EI 4 E (4
EI DFAB 
  4E
∑K 0.75 EI 2.25 EI 1.5 EI +
DF = 1 0.333 0.667 0 4 E (6
K/∑K DFCB 
Fixed End Moment (FEM)   4E
Carry over factor (COF)
Assume all joints are fixed,
for opposite end pinned, COF= 0
FEMAB = - 20(8)/8 = - 20 kNm FEMBA = 20 kNm
for opposite end fixed, COF= 0.5 2
FEMBC = - 3(8) /12 = -16 kNm FEMCB =16 kNm
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Moment Joint A B C
distribution
table: Member AB BA BC CB

DF 1 0.333 0.667 0
FEM (kNm) -20 20 -16 16
Bal (for pin only) 20
Co (for pin only) 10
Bal & Dist -4.66 -9.34 0
Co 0 -4.67
Bal & Dist 0 0 0
∑M 0 25.34 -25.34 11.33
Member end forces:
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Shear force diagram (SFD) & Bending moment diagram (BMD)

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Example 3: Over-hanging beam

Determine the internal moment at each support of the beam as shown in Figure Q3.

Figure Q3

Solution :
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Solution:

A moment does not get distributed in the overhanging span AB, So the distribution factor DFBA =0
Span BC is based on 4EI/L since the pin rocker is not at the far end of the beam.

Joint B C D
Member BA BC CB CD DC
K 0 4(E)(300)(106) 300(106) E 4(E)(240)(106)/ 320(106) E
/4 3 4 E (4
DFAB 
= 300(106) E = 320(106) E
  4E
∑K 300(106) E 620(106) E 320(106) E +
DF = 0 1 0.484 0.516 0 4 E (6
K/∑K DFCB 
Fixed End Moments   4E
Due to overhang; FEMBA = 2000N(2m) = 4000Nm FEMBC = -wL2/12 = -2000Nm

FEMCB = wL2/12 = 2000Nm

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Moment distribution table

Joint B C D

Member BA BC CB CD DC

DF 0 1 0.484 0.516 0
FEM (Nm) 4000 -2000 2000 0 0

Bal & Dist 0 -2000 -968 -1032 0

Co -484 -1000 0 -516

Bal & Dist 484 484 516 0

Co 242 242 0 258

Bal & Dist -242 -117.1 -124.9 0

Co -58.6 -121 0 -62.4

Bal & Dist 58.6 58.6 62.4 0

Co 29.3 29.3 0 31.2

Bal & Dist -29.3 -14.2 -15.1 0

Co -7.1 -14.6 0 -7.6

Bal & Dist 7.1 7.1 7.6 0

Co 3.5 3.5 0 3.8

Bal & Dist -3.5 -1.7 -1.8 0

Co -0.8 -1.8 0 -0.9

Bal & Dist 0.8 0.9 0.9 0

Co 0.4 0.4 0 0.4

Bal & Dist -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0

∑M 4000 -4000 587 -587 -293.5

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Bending moment diagram (BMD)

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Example 4:

A continuous beam ABCDE is loaded as shown in Figure Q4. The relative flexural rigidities EI of
each span is as indicated.

a) Evaluate all the support moments using the moment distribution method. (15
marks)
b) Recalculate all the support moments if, in addition to the loads shown, support A settles
vertically 2 cm.
(7 marks)
c) Comment on the increase or decrease in the sagging and hogging moments in the beam.
(3
marks) 5 kN
Given I = 250 x 106 mm4 and E = 200 GPa Solution :

1m 4 kN/m
2 kN/m 2 kN/m
A E
I 2I 3I I
B C D

6m 6m 6m 3m
Solution :

Figure Q4
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Solution : Question 4 (a)

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Moment distribution table

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Question 4 (b);
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.4 : Moment Distribution for Beam

Question 4 (c);

Joint A
 Increase 136.86 kNm in sagging moment (+ve)
Joint B
 Increase 107 kNm in sagging moment (+ve)
Joint C
 Decrease 31.21 kNm in hogging moment (-ve)
Joint A
 Similar
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.0 : Learning Outcomes

Learning Outcomes Week 5

At the end of this topic, students should be :

1) Able to formulate the member stiffness,
distribution factor and carry-over factor for
indeterminate frames without sidesway.
(CO2PO5)
2) Able to apply the fixed end moments due to
external loading and support settlement.
(CO2PO5)
3) Able to calculate the member end
moments and solve the member end forces
for indeterminate frames without sidesway.
(CO2PO5)
4) Able to draw the bending moment diagram,
for indeterminate frames without sidesway.
(CO1PO2)

Indeterminate Structures
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Moment Distribution for Frame

Type of frame Criteria Procedure of Analysis

Non-sway Frame • Symmetrical loading • Same as beam

• Symmetrical geometry
(without horizontal restrained)

• Horizontal load
• Nonsymmetrical vertical load
• Nonsymmetrical geometry
( but with proper horizontal
restrained)

Sway Frame • Horizontal load Stage1: Non-sway analysis

• Nonsymmetrical vertical load • Apply a restrained, R to prevent the frame
• Nonsymmetrical geometry from side-sway.
• Different support conditions • Moment distribution for non-sway frame.
• Settlement of support
• Different EI for frame members Stage 2: sway analysis
( without horizontal restrained) • Release R, a same but in opposite force
R’ apply to make the frame sway.
• Moment distribution for sway frame.
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Example 5: Frame without sway (non-sway frame)

Determine the internal moment at the joints of the frame shown in Figure Q4. There is a pin at E and
D and a fixed support at A. EI is constant.

Figure Q5

Solution :
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Solution:
By inspection, the pin at E will prevent the frame from side-sway.

Joint A B C D D
Member AB BA BC CB CD CE DC EC

K 4(EI)/5 = 0.8E
4(EI)/6 0.667E 3(EI)/5 = 3(EI)/4 = 0.6EI 0.75EI
0.8EI I = I 0.6EI 0.75EI
4 E ( 40 )
0.667E
DFAB  0
  4 E ( 40)I
∑K 0.8EI + 1.467EI 2.017EI 0.6EI 0.75EI
40.54
E (600.455
)
CB   0.330
DF =DF 0 0 0.298 0.372 1 1
K/∑K   54 E (60)
Fixed End Moments
 wL2
( FEM ) BC   135kNm
12
wL2
( FEM ) CB   135kNm
12
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Moment distribution table:

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Bending moment diagram (BMD)

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Example 6: Frame without sway (non-sway frame)

The rigid-jointed plane frame in Figure Q1 is pinned to the foundation at A and D, and supported
on rollers to the wall at C. There is a horizontal concentrated load at E and the flexural rigidity EI
of each member is as indicated.
a) Show that inserting a hinge at the centre of member AB and member BC of the rigid-jointed
frame above renders the second order statically indeterminate structure to statically
determinate and stable. (2 marks)
b) Calculate the member end moments and draw the bending moment diagram for the frame in
the absence of the hinge using moment distribution, highlighting all the salient points.
(18 marks)
200kN E
EI 1m
B C
EI Solution :

EI EI 3m
Figure Q6

A D

4m
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Solution: Question 6(a)

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Solution: Question 6(b)

Distribution Factor, DF;

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Moment
Distribution Table;
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Bending moment diagram (BMD)

Place your elements inside red box. Do not resize, edit or delete red box.
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.0 : Learning Outcomes

Learning Outcomes Week 6

At the end of this topic, students should be :

1) Able to formulate the member stiffness,
distribution factor and carry-over factor for
indeterminate frames having sidesway.
(CO2PO5)
2) Able to apply the fixed end moments due to
external loading and support settlement.
(CO2PO5)
3) Able to calculate the member end
moments and solve the member end forces
for indeterminate frames having sidesway.
(CO2PO5)
4) Able to draw the bending moment diagram,
for indeterminate frames having sidesway.
(CO1PO2)

Indeterminate Structures
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Moment distribution for sway frames

To determine sides-way and the internal moments at the joints using moment distribution, we will
use the principle of superposition.

R
R ’

Stage 1 Stage 2
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Real structure (sway) Restraining R applied Opposite direction of R, R’

(Non-sway) applied (sway)
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Moment, M Moment, M1 + Moment, M2

=

By moment distribution, Assume R’ causing a Δ (FEM

due to Δ)
get M1
(FEM due to external loads)
Moment distribution, get
M2’

Value of R by static of Value of R’ by static of

equilibrium ∑FX = 0 equilibrium ∑FX = 0

M2 = R/R’ (M2’), R/R’ is a correction factor

Thus, Final Moment M = M1 + R/R’ (M2’)

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Example 7: Sway frame

Determine the moments at each joint of the frame shown in Figure Q5. EI is constant

Figure Q7

Solution :
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Solution:

By inspection, this frame will sway due to non-symmetrical of vertical load and no horizontal
restrained.

= +

Stage 1 Stage 2
Actual frame
Non-sway analysis, M1 Sway analysis, M2’
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Distribution Factor:

Joint A B C D
Member AB BA BC CB CD DC

K 4EI/5 = 0.8 0.8 EI 4EI/5 = 0.8 EI 4EI/5 = 0.8 EI 0.8 EI

EI 4 E ( 40) 0.8EI 4 E (4
DFAB  0 DFAB 
∑K 0.8 EI +   4 E ( 401.6
) EI 1.6 EI 0.8 EI +   4 E
DF = 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0
4 E (60 ) 4 E (6
K/∑K DFCB  0 DFCB 
  4 E (60)   4E
Stage 1: Non-sway analysis

16(4) 2 (1)
Fixed End Moments; ( FEM ) BC   10.24kNm
(5) 2

16(1) 2 (4)
( FEM ) CB   2.56kNm
(5) 2
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Moment distribution table: To find R,

B 5.78 kNm C 2.72 kNm

5m 5m

2.88 kNm 1.32 kNm

A D

Ax = 1.73 kN Dx = 0.81 kN
R

∑FX = 0
R = 1.73 - 0.81 = 0.92 kN
Ax = 1.73 kN Dx = 0.81kN
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Stage 2: Sway analysis

Assume R’ is applied at C, causing the frame to deflect Δ’.
Since both B and C happen to be displaced the same Δ’, AB and DC have the same E, I and L and
both A and D are fixed support.
Fixed End Moments
FEMAB = FEMDC Due to Δ’,
FEMAB = - 6EI Δ’/52 = -0.24 EI
FEMBA = - 0.24 EI

FEMCD = - 0.24 EI
FEMDC = - 0.24 EI

Assume FEMAB = - 0.24 EI = -100 kNm

Thus, FEMBA = - 100 kNm

FEMCD = - 100 kNm

FEMDC = - 100 kNm
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Moment distribution table: To find R’,

C
B 60 kNm
60 kNm

5m 5m

80 kNm 80 kNm
A D

Ax’ = 28 kN Dx’ = 28 kN
R’

∑FX = 0
R’ = 28 + 28 = 56 kN
Ax’ = 28 kN Dx’ = 28 kN
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Final moment,

M = M1 + R/R’ (M2’ ) R/R’ = 0.92/56 = 0.0164

AB BA BC CB CD DC

M1 2.88 5.78 -5.78 2.72 -2.72 -1.32

M2= R/R’*M2’ -1.31 -0.99 0.99 0.99 -0.99 -1.31

M (kNm) 1.57 4.79 -4.79 3.71 -3.71 -2.63

Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Example 8: Sway frame

A rigid-jointed plane frame ABC in Figure Q8 is supported by roller at C and pinned at A. The
relative flexural rigidities of each member is as indicated. The frame is subjected to the uniformly
distributed load of 25 kN/m on span BC.
a) Calculate all the member end moments using the moment distribution method. (20
marks)
b) Draw the bending moment diagram for span BC only, highlighting all the salient points. (5
marks)

Solution :

Solution :

Figure Q8
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Solution: Question 8 (a)

Stage 1 (Non-sway analysis)
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Fixed End Moments;

Reactions;
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Moment distribution table: Stage 2: Sway analysis

25 kN/m

( as there is no other
horizontal force)
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Stage 2: Sway analysis Reaction;

Distribution Table;
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Final Moments;
Chapter 1 : Moment Distribution Method Topic 1.5 : Moment Distribution for Frame

Question 8 (b): Bending Moment Diagram (kNm)