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JLPT N4
文法と文型例文
Grammar and
Model Sentences

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All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or
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permission from Nihongo-Pro (support@[Link]).

The characters and events portrayed in this book are fictitious. Any similarity to real persons, living
or dead, is purely coincidental and not intended by the author.

Rev N4-1402-01 February 2014

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Welcome to Nihongo-Pro
This textbook lists the 130 grammar patterns covered in Nihongo-Pro’s online JLPT
N4 Preparation class. These grammar patterns are used in everyday Japanese, so a firm
understanding of their use is essential not only for success on the Japanese Language
Proficiency Test (JLPT), but also success in communicating in Japanese.
Japanese grammar presents challenges for any student of the language. The
meaning of a grammar form may not have an exact match in one’s own language, so it can
take extra work to learn and understand the exact meaning and the situations in which the
grammar form can be used.
However, for most students, the hardest part about Japanese grammar isn’t in
learning the meaning of the grammar pattern itself—it’s in remembering the connective
tissue, i.e., how the grammar pattern connects with the rest of the sentence: Can I use a
noun here? Do I need to put a の afterward? If I use a な-adjective here, what comes after it?

Practicing the correct use of the grammar pattern, including all the various
connectives, is a focus of Nihongo-Pro’s JLPT N4 Preparation class. We encourage you to
takes notes in this book (print a copy if needed) during your lessons and whenever you
study Japanese grammar.
This book was made possible by the combined efforts of many individuals. All of the
examples in this book were prepared by Nihongo-Pro teachers, who worked untold hours to
produce the JLPT N4 curriculum and to write, check, and recheck the hundreds of model
sentences. I wish to thank Nami Hayashi, Yukiko Ishikawa, Fusayo Nagatomi, and Hiroko
Yamafuji, who wrote dozens of the model sentences. Yutaka Aso and Yasuyo Sei wrote
dozens more, reviewed the JLPT N4 curriculum in its entirety, and added furigana to the
model sentences.
Finally, I wish to thank Michiko Lilly, who tirelessly dedicated her time throughout
the process, from producing all of our JLPT curricula and writing hundreds of model
sentences to orchestrating the efforts of the other contributors. I am deeply indebted to
Michiko for her hard work.
I gratefully acknowledge the diligent support of all of these individuals in producing
this book and in making Nihongo-Pro’s JLPT classes a reality. I hope you benefit from this
book and our JLPT classes as much as we enjoy bringing them to you.

Steve Cooper
February 2014

JLPT N4 文法と文型例文 Grammar and Model Sentences – [Link] i

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あいだ

文型 Pattern 1
ぶんけい

間
えいやく
英 訳 Meaning throughout (the time ...)
せつぞく
接 続 Connectives 普通形（ナ A な・N の）＋間

れいぶん
例 文 Model Sentences

なつ べんきょう
1 わたしは 夏 休みの間、日本語を 勉 強 していました。
I studied Japanese throughout summer vacation.
ふゆ おきなわ
2 わたしは 冬 の間ずっと、あたたかい 沖 縄 にいました。
I was in warm Okinawa all throughout winter.
りょうり
3 料理している間、いつもラジオを聞いています。
I always listen to the radio while cooking.
にわ はな むし と
4 庭 の 花 がきれいな間は、虫 もたくさん飛んできます。
Lots of insects come flying in when the flowers in this garden are blooming.
しごと いそが りょうり つく
5 母が仕事で 忙 しい間、父が料理を作っていました。
My father did the cooking while my mother was busy at work.

ノート Notes

JLPT N4 文法と文型例文 Grammar and Model Sentences – [Link] 1

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Index (Pattern Number Order)
間 ............................................................... 1 たら＜条件＞ ............................................ 38
間に............................................................ 2 と＜条件＞ ................................................ 39
ところだ ....................................................... 3 と～た・たら～た＜発見＞ .......................... 40
たばかりだ .................................................. 4 なら ...........................................................41
たら＜その後で＞ ........................................ 5 ても ...........................................................42
てから＜起点＞ ........................................... 6 始める.......................................................43
たり～たりする＜反復＞............................... 7 出す ..........................................................44
て＜緩い連結＞ .......................................... 8 続ける .......................................................45
は～より ...................................................... 9 終わる.......................................................46
より～の方 ................................................ 10 ておく ........................................................47
ほど～ない ................................................ 11 ないでおく..................................................48
と～とどちら............................................... 12 てしまう＜完了＞ ....................................... 49
がいちばん................................................ 13 てみる .......................................................50
すぎる ....................................................... 14 そうだ＜直前＞.......................................... 51
し .............................................................. 15 そうだ＜予想・判断＞ ................................. 52
ので .......................................................... 16 そうだ＜様子＞.......................................... 53
ため（に）＜原因＞ ..................................... 17 がする .......................................................54
て＜理由・原因＞ ...................................... 18 てある .......................................................55
なくて＜理由＞ .......................................... 19 ている＜初めからの外見、状態＞ ............... 56
ことがある ................................................. 20 ている＜変化の結果の残存＞ .................... 57
たり～たりする＜不定＞............................. 21 は～が～...................................................58
てくる・ていく＜変化＞ ................................ 22 をしている .................................................59
ようになる・なくなる .................................... 23 ようだ・みたいだ＜比況＞ ........................... 60
にする ....................................................... 24 らしい＜典型＞ .......................................... 61
ことにする ................................................. 25 がる ..........................................................62
ことになる＜決定＞ ................................... 26 たらいい＜希望＞ ...................................... 63
ことができる .............................................. 27 といい＜希望＞ ......................................... 64
られる＜可能＞ ......................................... 28 ばいい・ならいい＜希望＞ .......................... 65
にくい ........................................................ 29 よう＜意志＞ ............................................. 66
やすい ...................................................... 30 ようと思う ..................................................67
ため（に）＜目的＞ ..................................... 31 つもりだ＜意志＞ ...................................... 68
のに＜用途＞ ........................................... 32 ようとする ..................................................69
たことがある＜過去の特別なこと＞ ............ 33 ようにする ................................................. 70
たことがある＜経験＞ ................................ 34 た方がいい ................................................ 71
けれど（も）＜逆接＞ .................................. 35 たらどうですか ........................................... 72
のに＜逆接 不満・予想外＞ ...................... 36 たらいい＜勧め＞ ...................................... 73
ば・なら（ば）＜条件＞ ................................ 37 ばいい＜勧め＞ ........................................ 74

JLPT N4 文法と文型例文 Grammar and Model Sentences – [Link] 132

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ご じ ゅ う お ん じゅん

Index (五十音順 Japanese Order)

あいだ ........................................................ 1 ため（に） ＜目的＞ .................................... 31
あいだに .................................................... 2 ため（に） ＜恩恵＞ .................................. 123
お～ ....................................................... 120 たら ＜その後で＞ .......................................5
お～ください ............................................. 79 たら ＜条件＞............................................ 38
お～する ................................................ 121 たらいい ＜希望＞ ..................................... 63
お～になる ............................................. 122 たらいい ＜勧め＞ ..................................... 73
おわる ...................................................... 46 たらいいですか ......................................... 76
がいちばん ............................................... 13 たら～た ＜発見＞ ..................................... 40
がする ...................................................... 54 たらどうですか .......................................... 72
かもしれない ............................................ 95 たり～たりする ＜反復＞ ..............................7
がる ......................................................... 62 たり～たりする ＜不定＞ ............................ 21
けれど（も） ＜逆接＞ ................................. 35 だろう ＜推量＞ ......................................... 93
ご～ ....................................................... 120 だろう ＜推量＞ ......................................... 93
ことがある ................................................ 20 だろうとおもう ............................................ 94
ことができる ............................................. 27 つづける ................................................... 45
ことにする ................................................ 25 つもりだ ＜意志＞...................................... 68
ことになる ＜決定＞ .................................. 26 て ＜緩い連結＞..........................................8
させてください ........................................... 80 て ＜理由・原因＞...................................... 18
させられる .............................................. 118 て ＜方法・状態＞.................................... 126
させる ＜許可・恩恵の使役＞ ................... 115 てあげる ................................................. 108
させる ＜強制の使役＞............................ 116 てある ......................................................55
させる ＜誘発の使役＞............................ 117 ていく ＜変化＞ ......................................... 22
し ............................................................. 15 ていない ................................................. 128
しろ ＜命令＞ ............................................ 81 ている ＜初めからの外見、状態＞ .............. 56
すぎる ...................................................... 14 ている ＜変化の結果の残存＞ ................... 57
ずに ....................................................... 125 ておく .......................................................47
そうだ ＜直前＞ ........................................ 51 てから ＜起点＞ ..........................................6
そうだ ＜予想・判断＞................................ 52 てくる ＜変化＞ ......................................... 22
そうだ ＜様子＞ ........................................ 53 てくれる .................................................. 109
そうだ ＜伝聞＞ ...................................... 100 てしまう ＜完了＞ ...................................... 49
たことがある ＜過去の特別なこと＞ ........... 33 てしまう ＜残念＞ .................................... 130
たことがある ＜経験＞ ............................... 34 てはいけない ............................................ 84
だす ......................................................... 44 てみる ......................................................50
たばかりだ ................................................. 4 ても ..........................................................42
たほうがいい ............................................ 71 てもいい ＜許可＞ ..................................... 85
ため（に） ＜原因＞ .................................... 17 てもいい ＜譲歩＞ ..................................... 86

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