Acceptability of Sampaguita ...

by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 1

Chapter I

Introduction

Man occupy earth with all its wealth laid before him. With his creativity and

intelligence, as the day goes by he discovers ways to enhance the use of available

resources to fulfill his longings for health and wellness. Thus, the discovery of

locally grown plant produces the attainable existence of possible substance to

emulate the one in the market. This stuff helps people to save money and have a

higher quality of living.

In Western cultures, natural body odor is generally perceived as unpleasant,

and ratings of body odor pleasantness are on average relatively higher when

participants use cosmetic products. Indeed, Lenochová et al. (2012)found that

attractiveness ratings of perfume-body odor blends varied among individuals,

suggesting that perfumes in fact interact with natural body odor rather than simply

mask it. This is consistent with an observation that, compared with randomly

assigned fragrances, the discrimination rates are higher when individual body odors

are blended with fragrances that people choose for themselves.

Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aroma compounds,

fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, animals, objects, and living

spaces a pleasant scent.

As the researchers know, most of and the women love pretty and fragrance.

Because of fragrant can make people refresh and more confident. In addition, for

us, we love fashionable perfumes and some fragrant product so much, perhaps that

let us felt interest in and focus on perfumes market, which is my dissertation is

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 2

going to investigate later. Moreover, perfume is most of women loves it, and sprays

it every day, every time. even for me, the fragrant can make person happiness,

confident and relax.

Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) is a sweetly scented tropical flower.

Belonging to the wide genus of Jasmines(Jasminum), Sampaguita is the common

name of the species Jasminum sambac. Sampaguita is also known as Philippine

Jasmine, Arabian jasmine, Pikake in Hawaii, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Kampupot,

and Melati. The species Jasminum sambac is native to southern Asia, in India,

Myanmar and Sri Lanka. Sampaguita is serving as the National Flower for two

countries - Philippines and Indonesia. The beautiful ornamental Sampaguita blooms

cover the glossy green leafed bushed type ever bloomer. The Sampaguita is also

well known in Asia for its use in teas and religious offerings, symbolizing divine

hope.

Papayas (Carica Papaya) grow in tropical climates and are also known as

papaws or paw paws. Their sweet taste, vibrant color, and the wide variety of health

benefits they provide make them a popular fruit. Papayas are a soft, fleshy fruit that

can be used in a wide variety of culinary ways.

Alcohol is a colorless liquid that is found in drinks such as beer, wine, and

whisky. It is also used in products such as perfume and cleaning fluids.

Background of the study

Here in our town Agdangan, Quezon many people are using a perfume that

has a very soothing scent. The problem is, this perfume they may have nice and
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 3

soothing scents but they can really have bad effect in our environment and even to

ourselves because of the chemical used in making it. The researchers thought of a

way in which they can produce a soothing and great scent without harming the

surroundings and community.

The study tries to help the environment by substituting the chemicals used

in a perfume by using Papaya (Carica papaya), Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac)

and Alcohol which is abundant in our location and it can be bought in our local

market. Papaya is originally from southern Mexico, Central America, and northern

South America, the papaya is now cultivated in most tropical countries like

Philippines. Sampaguita is cultivated in many places, especially across much of

South and Southeast Asia. It is widely cultivated for its attractive and sweetly

fragrant. The flowers may be used as a fragrant ingredient in perfumes and jasmine

tea.

Inventing a perfume that is natural, cheap, doesn’t have a bad effect towards

our environment and our health and is made from something that is abundant in our

community is very helpful.

Statement of the problem

This study will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of Sampaguita

(Jasminum Sambac), Papaya (Carica Papaya), and Coconut milk (Cocos nucifera)

as Alternative Perfume.

Specifically, it aims to answer the following objectives:

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 4

1. What is the possibility of making perfume out of Sampaguita (Jasminum

Sambac), Papaya (Carica Papaya), and Alcohol?

2. What is the acceptability level of Perfume made from Sampaguita (Jasminum

Sambac), Papaya (Carica Papaya), and Alcohol when it comes to the following:

2.1 Fragrance

2.2 Color

2.3 Appearance

3. What is the effectiveness level of Perfume made from Sampaguita (Jasminum

Sambac), Papaya (Carica Papaya), and Alcohol when it comes to the following:

3.1 Creating pleasant smell

3.2 Long lasting smell

4. What is the level cost and return analysis of the product?

Significance of the study

The research entitled “The Acceptability of Sampaguita (Jasminum

sambac), Papaya (Carica papaya) and Alcohol as an Alternative Perfume” is

conducted for the benefit of the following:

Trade and Industry. This research can make a small and simple help to gain

additional income.

Local environment. This study can provide basis to come up with proposal

regarding business that can help the citizens of the Philippines to have a

better living.
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 5

Filipino workers. The output of the research will give people the convenience to

work and study in such facilities that gives relaxation for its fragrant smell.

Consumers. The output of this study is cheaper than the one in the market so that

they can save money, especially for those less fortunate they can use their

money instead for food and other necessities.

Future Researchers. This study will provide them information and guidelines that

will help them in conducting a new research regarding to the study.

Scope and the Limitations

The study focuses only on the effectiveness of the Sampaguita (Jasminum

sambac) extract, Papaya (Carica papaya) extract and Alcohol as a naturally made

perfume. The study will take a month to get the result of the research using the

method of experimentations. The Coconut milk and Papaya can be gathered or

cultivated in the backyard of the researcher’s house, and the Sampaguita can be

bought or avail in the local market. The study is limited only to the extraction of

Sampaguita, Papaya and Alcohol as an additive in perfume making. Its limitations

are those event, things, etc. that are outside of the scope of this study.

Definition of Terms

For better understanding of the research, the following terms are hereby

defined conceptually and operationally.

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 6

Arecaceae are woody shrubs, vines, or trees comprising about 200 genera and

3,000 species that are further characterized by having large or very large leaves.

(botany.hawaii.edu, 2018)

Aroma Compounds may be recovered from natural sources, produced by chemical

synthesis or by biotechnological means. (Current Opinion in Food

Science,2018)

Bacteria are microscopic single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse

environments. (Aparna Vidyasagar, Live Science Contributor,2015)

Body odor is the unpleasant smell produced by bacteria on the skin that break

down the acids in your sweat. The medical term is bromhidrosis. (NHC site,

2016)

Carica is type of genus of Caricaceae. (thefreedictionary.com, 2018)

Caricaceae a small family of flowering plants comprising about 35 species in six

genera. (Carvalho, F., Filer, D., Renner, S. S., 2014)

Filtration is any of various mechanical, physical or biological operations that

separate solids from fluids (liquid or gasses) by adding a medium through

which only the fluid can pass. (Water treatment solution: Filtration,2013)

Fixative is used to equalize the vapor pressures, and thus the volatilities, of raw

materials in perfume oil, as well as to increase the tenacity. (Wolfgang Sturm;

Klaus Peters,2007)

Fragrance is defined by FDA as a combination of chemicals that gives each

perfume or cologne (including those used in other products) its distinct scent.

(IFRA ingredients, 2005)

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 7

Herbaceous are plants that definition, have non-woody stems. (thespruce.com,

2018)

Jasmine is a genus of 200 or more species of shrubs or vines that are grown mainly

for their star shaped, white, pink or yellow flower, which are sometimes

intensely fragrant. (gardenia.net, 2018)

Jasmineae is a tribe of flowering plants in the olive family, Oleaceae.

(findwords.info,2018)

Liquid is one of the states of matter. The particles in a liquid are free to flow, so

while a liquid has definite volume, it does not have a definite shape.

(thoughtco.com, 2018)

Oleaceae the olive family, belonging to the order Lamia le sand named for the

economically important olive tree. (britanicca.com, 2018)

Origin the beginning, cause, or source of something. (collinsdictionary.com, 2018)

Perfume a substance created to provide a pleasant smell or one which emits an

agreeable odor. (topmeaning.com, 2018)

Plantae is a taxonomic group that includes land plants and green algae. (biology-

online.org, 2018)

Saturated fat a fat that contains only saturated fatty acids, is solid at room

temperature, and comes chiefly from animal food products. (medicine.com,

2018)

Scent a distinctive odor that is pleasant. (showmeword.com, 2018)

Smell the act or an instance of smelling. (thefreedictionary.com, 2018)

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 8

Solvent a molecule that has ability to dissolve other molecules, known as solutes.

(thoughtco.com, 2018)

Species a group of animals or plants whose members are similar and can breed

together to produce young animals or plants. (ldoceonline.com, 2018)

Sweat is perspiration that makes you feel cooler when it evaporates off the surface

of your skin – or giving off this liquid. (vocabulary.com, 2018)

Tropical flowers native to tropics, areas of the world where the sun reaches a point

directly overhead at least once during the solar year, tropical flowers are

sometimes called exotic flowers because of their alluring, lush locations that

are warm year-round. (Teleflora.com, 2018)

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 9

Chapter II

Review of related literature

Perfume

Perfume is a powerful tool to express our personality, build our self-image

and engage with others. Fragrances, in fact, accompany as in everyday life and tell

something about us, raising memories and feelings. (Tailor Made Fragrance)

Perfumes and scented products have been used for centuries as way to

enhance overall personal appearance and with previous studies showing that the

attractiveness could be influenced by smell, this is the first study looking at whether

odors influence that visual perception of facial features or alternatively how faces

are emotionally evaluated by the brain. (Cosmetics Design Europe, 2014)

Fragrances can be powerful. They can sooth or revitalize, evoke the forest or

sea, and remind us of the past. To capture them, manufacturers infuse scents into

products from toilet bowl cleaners to luxury perfumes. But once released from

bottle, fragrances evaporate quickly.(ACS, 2018)

Color perception plays a major role in the consumer evaluation of perfume

quality. Consumers need first to be entirely satisfied with sensory properties of

products before other quality dimensions become relevant. (Hunter Cab, 2007)

Some people say that perfumes are a fragrant liquid created by essential oils

and other ingredients. Essential oils are responsible for the odor and makes up the

fragrance of a plant, and are usually extracted form flowers or spices to make a

certain scent.(Wong, 2013)

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 10

The history of perfume is not recent. The origin of a perfume is commonly

attributed to the ancient Egyptians. They utilized scent to celebrate prayers and

religious ceremony burning essential oils, resin, and perfumed unguents. (Tailor

Made Fragrance)

This practice had several functions. First, the oils and unguents burned were

necessary to ensure protection and benevolence. Besides, scents were also used to

convey messages and prayers to the dead, to purify the body and to conduct

embalming ceremonies. (Tailor Made Fragrance)

‘‘Purple the sails, and so perfume, that the winds were love-sick with

them,’’ Shakespeare wrote. Cleopatra is said to have greeted Mark Antony on a

boat with perfumed sails after the assassination of Julius Caesar and became the

queen of Egypt. The use of a perfume is mainly associated with mystery, fantasy

and imagination. We wear perfume to please others, to leave a good impression, to

surround ourselves with a pleasing, lingering scent. Although perfume does have a

long history, it has not always carried a hint of romance. (McGill University)

The word perfume comes from the Latin phrase, ‘‘per’’ meaning

‘‘thorough’’ and fume meaning “fumus”. The French later gave the name perfume

to the smells produced by burning incense. Indeed, the first form of perfume was

incense, first made by the Mesopotamians about 4000 years. Ancient cultures

burned a variety of resins and wood at their religious ceremonies. Incense made its

way to Egypt’s Golden Age, perfumes were used only in religious rituals. They

became available to all Egyptians as the priests gradually relinquished their

exclusive rights. Citizens took elaborate baths and soaked their skin in scented oils
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 11

for pleasure. The ancient Greeks can take credit for the first liquid perfume. But it

was the development of distillation by the Arabs that made perfume manufacture

viable. Perfume enjoyed huge success during the seventeenth century, especially in

France. Hygiene in those days was spotty and fragrances were used to mask the

unpleasant body odors. In England perfumes were used extensively during the

reigns of Henry VIII and Queen Elizabeth I. All public places were scented during

Elizabeth’s rule because she could not tolerate bad smells. As with industry and art,

perfume was to undergo profound change in the nineteenth century. Changing

tastes and the development of chemistry laid the foundations for modern

perfumery. At the turn of the century, perfume usually was derived from a single-

flower fragrance. Today, perfumes are extremely complex, made up of many

natural and synthetic chemicals, often referred to as “notes” or “overtones.” Chanel

No5 was the first perfume created by applying modern chemical principles and the

first to contain synthetics. (McGill University)

A Whiff of Chemistry The first stage in making a perfume is the extraction

of the fragrant essential oils from plants. While many methods can be used,

distillation is

the most common one. Steam distillation is based on the principle that plant

materials placed in boiling water will release their essential oils which then

evaporate with the steam. (McGill University)

Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac)

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 12

Jasminum sambac is a small shrub or vine growing up to 0.5 to 3m (1.6 to

9.8 feet) in height. It is widely cultivated in for its attractive and sweetly fragrant

flower. The flowers may be used as a fragrant ingredient in perfumes and jasmine

tea. It is the national flower of the Philippines, where it is known as Sampaguita, as

well as being one of the three national flowers of Indonesia, where it is known as

melati putih.

Jasminum sambac is classified under the genus Jasminum under the tribe

Jasmineae. It belongs to the olive family Oleaceae.

Despite the English common name of “Arabian jasmine”, Jasminum sambac

is not originally native to Arabia. The habits of Jasminum sambac support habitat

of humid tropical climates and not the arid climates of the Middle East. Early

Chinese records of the plant points to the origin of Jasminum sambac as eastern

South Asia and Southeast Asia. Jasminum sambac (and nine other species of the

genus) were spread into Arabia and Persia by man, where they were cultivated in

gardens. From there, they were introduced to Europe where they grow as

ornamentals and were known under the common name “sambac” in the 18th

century.

Medieval Arabic “zanbaq” meant jasmine flower-oil from flowers of any

species of jasmine. This word entered late medieval Latin as “sambacus” and

“zambacca” with the same meaning as the Arabic, and then in post-medieval Latin

plant taxonomy the source for jasmine flower-oil in terms of the quality of the

fragrance and it continues to be cultivated for this purpose for the perfume industry
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 13

today. The Jasminum officinal species is also cultivated for the same purpose, and

probably to greater extent.

In 1753, Carl Linnaeus first described the plant as Nycthanthes sambac in

the first edition of his famous book Systema Naturae. In 1789, William Alton

reclassified the plant to the genus Jasminum. He also coined the common English

name of “Arabian jasmine”, cementing the misconception that it was Arabian in

origin.

Jasminum sambac is an evergreen vine or shrub reaching up to 0.5 to 3 m (1.6 to

9.8 feet) tall. The species is highly variable, possibly a result of spontaneous

mutation, natural hybridization, and auto polyploidy. Cultivated Jasminum

sambac generally do not bear seeds and the plant is reproduced solely

by cuttings, layering, marcotting, and other methods of asexual propagation.

The leaves are ovate, 4 to 12.5 cm (1.6 to 4.9 in) long and 2 to 7.5 cm (0.79 to

2.95 in) wide. The phyllotaxy is opposite or in whorls of three, simple (not pinnate,

like most other jasmines). They are smooth (glabrous) except for a few hairs at

the venation on the base of the leaf.

The flowers bloom all throughout the year and are produced in clusters of 3 to 12

together at the ends of branches. They are strongly scented, with a white corolla 2

to 3 cm (0.79 to 1.18 in) in diameter with 5 to 9 lobes. The flowers open at night

(usually around 6 to 8 in the evening), and close in the morning, a span of 12 to 20

hours. The fruit is a purple to black berry 1 cm (0.39 in) in diameter.

Sampaguita is use in different countries in Southeast Asia. In Philippines,

Jasminum sambac (Filipino: Sampaguita from Indian Sanskrit word Champaka)

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 14

was adopted by the Philippines as the national flower on 1 February 1934 via

Proclamation No. 652 issued by American Governor-General Frank

Murphy. Filipinos string the flowers into

leis, corsages, and sometimes crowns. These garlands are available as loose strings

of blossoms or as tight clusters of buds, and are commonly sold by poor children

outside churches and near intersections.

Sampaguita garlands are used as a form of bestowing honor, veneration, or

accolade.

These are primarily used to adorn religious images and photographs of the death on

altars. These are placed around the necks of living persons such as dignitaries,

visitors, and occasionally to graduating students. Buds strung into ropes several

meters long are often used to decorate formal events such state occasions

at Malacañang Palace, weddings, and are sometimes used as the ribbon in ribbon

cutting ceremonies. Though edible, the flower is rarely used in cuisine, with an

unusual example being flavoring for ice cream.

Jasminum sambac was the subject of the danza song La Flor de Manila, composed

by Dolores Paterno in 1879 at the age of 25. The song was popular during

the Commonwealth hand is now regarded as a romantic classic. The flower is also

the namesake of the song Collar de Sampaguita.

The fragrance of Lady Gaga perfume, Fame, was thought to be inspired by

Sampaguita when she bought one from the street children in Manila the time she

had her concert in the Philippines.

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 15

In Indonesia, Jasminum sambac (Indonesian: melati putih) is one of the

three national flowers in Indonesia, the other two being the moon orchid and

the giant pad ma. Although the official adoption were announced only as recent as

1990 during World Environment Day and enforced by law through Presidential

Decree No. 4 in 1993, the importance of Jasminum sambac in Indonesian

culture long predates its official adoption. Since the formation of Indonesian

republic during the reign

of Sukarno, melati putih is always unofficially recognized as the national flower of

Indonesia. The reverence and its elevated status mostly due to the importance of

this flower in Indonesian tradition since ancient times.

It has long been considered a sacred flower in Indonesian tradition, as it

symbolizes purity, sacredness, graceful simplicity and sincerity. It also represents

the beauty of modesty; a small and simple white flower that can produce such

sweet fragrance. It is also the most important flower in wedding ceremonies for

ethnic Indonesians, especially in the island of Java. Jasmine flower buds that have

not fully opened are usually picked to create strings of jasmine garlands

(Javanese: roncen melati). On wedding days, a

traditional Javanese or Sundanese bride's hair is adorned with strings of jasmine

garlands arranged as a hairnet to cover the konde (hair bun). The intricately

intertwined strings of jasmine garlands are left to hang loose from the bride's head.

The groom's kris is also adorned with five jasmine garlands called roncen usus-

usus (intestine garlands) to refer its intestine-like form and also linked to the legend

of Arya Penang sang. In Makassar and Bugis brides, the hair is also adorned with
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 16

buds of jasmine that resemble pearls. Jasmine is also used as floral offerings

for hyangs, spirits and deities especially among Balinese Hindu, and also often

present during funerals. In South Sumatran traditional costume, the bungo

melati pattern in Palembang songket fabrics depicts the jasmine to represent beauty

and femininity.

The jasmine has wide spectrums in Indonesian traditions; it is the flower of life,

beauty and festive wedding, yet it is also often associated with spirit and death. In

Indonesian patriotic songs and poems, the fallen melati often hailed as the

representation of fallen heroes that sacrificed their life and died for the country, the

very similar concept with fallen sakura that represent fallen heroes in Japanese

tradition. The Ismail Marzuki’s patriotic song "Melati di Tapal Batas" (jasmine on

the border) (1947) and Guruh Sukarnoputra's "Melati Suci"[32] (sacred jasmine)

(1974) clearly refer jasmine as the representation of fallen heroes, the eternally

fragrance flower that adorned Ibu Pertiwi (Indonesian national personification).

The Iwan Abdurachman's "Melati dari

Jayagiri" (jasmine from Jayagiri mountain) refer jasmine as the representation of

the pure unspoiled beauty of a girl and a longlost love.

In Cambodia, the flower is used as an offering to the Buddha. During

floweringseason which begins in June, Cambodians thread the flower buds onto a

wooden needle to be presented to the Buddha.

In China, the flower is processed and used as the main flavoring ingredient

in jasmine tea. It is also the subject of a popular folk song Mo Li Hua.

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 17

In Hawaii, the flower is known as pikake, and are used to make fragrant leis. The

name 'pikake' is derived from the Hawaiian word for "Peacock", because the

Hawaiian Princess Kaʻiulani was fond of both the flowers and the bird.

In the Middle East and South Asia, it is one of the most commonly grown

ornamentals in Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, where it is native. They are used to

make thick garlands used as hair adornments. In Oman, Jasminum sambac features

prominently on a child's first birthday. Flowers are sprinkled on the child's head by

other children while chanting "hol hol". The fragrant flowers are also sold packed

in between large leaves of the Indian almond (Terminalia catappa) and sewn

together with strips of date palm leaves.

In Sri Lanka, it is widely known as pichcha or gaeta pichcha. The

name sithapushpa and katarolu are also used in older texts. The flowers are used in

Buddhist temples and in ceremonial garlands.

Papaya (Carica papaya)

The papaya, papaw, or pawpaw is the plant Carica papaya, one of the 22

accepted species in the genus Carica of the family Caricaceae. Its origin is in

thetropics of the Americas, perhaps from southern Mexico and neighboring Central

America.

The papaya is a small, parsely branched tree, usually with a single stem

growing from 5 to 10 m (16 to 33ft) tall, with spirally arranged leaves confined to

the top of the trunk. The lower trunk is conspicuously scarred where leaves and

fruit were borne. The leaves are large, 50-70 cm (20-28 in) in diameter, deeply
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 18

palmately lobed, with seven lobes. All parts of the plant contain latex in articulated

laticifers. Papayas are dioecious. The flowers are 5-parted and highly dimorphic,

the male flowers with the stamens fused to the petals. The female flowers have a

superior ovary and five contorted petals loosely connected at the base. Male and

female flowers are borne in the leaf axils, the males in multiflowered dichasia, the

female flowers are few-flowered dichasia the flowers are sweet-scented, open at

night and are moth-pollinated.

The fruit is a large berry about 15-45 cm (5.9-17.7 in) long and 10-30 cm

(3.9-11.8 in) diameter. It is ripe when it feels soft (as soft as a ripe avocado or a bit

softer) and its skin has attained an amber to orange hue. Native to Mexico and

northern South America, papaya has become naturalized throughout the Caribbean

Islands, Florida, Texas, California, Hawaii, and

other tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Papaya plants grow in three

sexes: male, female, hermaphrodite. The male produces only pollen, never fruit.

The female will produce small, inedible fruits unless pollinated. The hermaphrodite

can self-pollinate since its flowers contain both male stamens and female ovaries.

Almost all commercial papaya orchards contain only hermaphrodites. Originally

from southern Mexico (particularly Chiapas and Veracruz), Central America, and

northern South America,

the papaya is now cultivated in most tropical countries. In cultivation, it grows

rapidly, fruiting within three years. It is, however, highly frost-sensitive, limiting its

production to tropical climates. Temperatures below −2 °C (29 °F) are greatly

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 19

harmful if not fatal. In Florida, California, and Texas, growth is generally limited to

southern parts of the

states. It prefers sandy, well-drained soil, as standing water will kill the plant within

24 hours. For cultivation, however, only female plants are used, since they give off

a single flower each time, and close to the base of the plant, while the male gives

off multiple flowers in long stems, which result in poorer quality fruit.

Two kinds of papayas are commonly grown. One has sweet, red or orange flesh,

and the other has yellow flesh; in Australia, these are called "red papaya" and

"yellow papaw", respectively. Either kind, picked green, is called a "green papaya".

The large-fruited, red-fleshed 'Maradol', 'Sunrise', and 'Caribbean Red' papayas

often sold in U.S. markets are commonly grown in Mexico and Belize.

In 2011, Philippine researchers reported that by hybridizing papaya

with Vasconcellea quercifolia, they had developed conventionally bred,

nongenetically engineered papaya resistant to PRV.

Carica papaya was the first transgenic fruit tree to have its genome sequenced. In

response to the papaya ringspot virus (PRV) outbreak in Hawaii, in 1998,

genetically altered papaya were approved and brought to market (including 'Sun

Up' and 'Rainbow' varieties.) Varieties resistant to PRV have some DNA of this

virus incorporated into the DNA of the plant. As of 2010, 80% of Hawaiian papaya

plants were genetically modified. The modifications were made by University of

Hawaii scientists who made the modified seeds available to farmers without charge.
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 20

Alcohol

Fermented grain, fruit juice and honey have been used to make alcohol (ethyl

alcohol or ethanol) for thousands of years. Fermented beverages existed in early

Egyptian civilization, and there is evidence of an early alcoholic drink in China

around 7000 B.C. In India, an alcoholic beverage called sura, distilled from rice,

was in use between 3000 and 2000 B.C. The Babylonians worshiped a wine

goddess as early as 2700 B.C. In Greece, one of the first alcoholic beverages to

gain popularity was mead, a fermented drink made from honey and water. Greek

literature is full of warnings against excessive drinking. Several Native American

civilizations developed alcoholic beverages in pre-Columbian times. A variety of

fermented beverages from the Andes region of South America were created from

corn, grapes or apples, called “chicha”. In the sixteenth century, alcohol (called

“spirits”) was used largely for medicinal purposes. At the beginning of the

eighteenth century, the British parliament passed a law encouraging the use of grain

for distilling spirits. Cheap spirits flooded the market and reached a peak in the

mid-eighteenth century. In Britain, gin consumption reached 18 million gallons and

alcoholism became widespread. The nineteenth century brought a change in

attitudes and the temperance movement began promoting the moderate use of

alcohol which ultimately became a push for total prohibition. In 1920 the US

passed a law prohibiting manufacture, sale, import and export of intoxicating

liquors. The illegal alcohol trade boomed and by 1933, the prohibition of alcohol

was cancelled. (Drug-Free World, 2018)

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 21

Conceptual Framework

Having an alternative source can be useful and helpful to us. That is why the

researcher wants to introduce this Alternative Perfume. The goal of this research is

to lessen the commercialized perfume that contains toxins. Another goal of this

product is to reuse our alternative sources and saving much money by using this

product. The researcher also wants to help the consumer in a safer and affordable

way of maintaining our environment clean and safe.

The essential oil is the ‘‘essence’’ of plants obtained by distillation of the

plant material or its concrete. Plant materials include flowers, grass, stems, seeds,

leaves, roots, bark, fruits, tree moss, and tree secretions.

Research Paradigm

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Determine the following

Materials:  Planning
Alternative perfume
 Sampaguita(jasminum  Determining the out of Sampaguita
Sambac) materials needed
 Making the final (jasminum sambac),
 Papaya
product papaya (carica
(carica papaya)  Testing and
evaluation of the papaya), coconut milk
 Alcohol
product (cocos nucifera).
 Mortar and pestle

 Measuring cups
 Strainer
 Empty bottle of cologne

Fig.1 The acceptability of Sampaguita (jasminum sambac), papaya (carica papaya), and

alcohol as an Alternative Perfume

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 22

Figure 1 Paradigm concepts of the researchers from input, process to output of the

researchers. It provides the researchers’ overview the process, and testing and the output, to the

people who will use it from input, process and to the output of research. The Alternative

Perfume made of Sampaguita (jasminum sambac), papaya (carica papaya), and Alcohol will

serve as the primary source of the information of the said experiment and will serve input. As

the experiment conducted, the scented effect of Sampaguita (jasminum sambac), papaya (carica

papaya), and Alcohol will be tested and validated. The experiment will produce an effective

perfume.

Hypothesis

The following hypothesis is derived from the study.

1. The Alternative Perfume made of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac), Papaya (Carica papaya)

and Alcohol is not acceptable.

2. The Alternative Perfume made of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac), Papaya (Carica papaya)

and Alcohol is not effective.

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 23

Chapter III

Methodology

This chapter provides the research design and statistical treatment that will be

used in the study. Likewise, this includes the procurement of the materials and the data

gathering procedures in conduct of the study.

Research Design

The research design used an experimental type of research by using Sampaguita

(Jasminum sambac), Papaya (Carica papaya) and Alcohol to come up with an alternative

perfume. The experimental research an attempt by the researcher to maintain control over

all factors that may affect the result of an experiment. In doing this, the researcher

attempts to determine or predict what may occur.

Research Environment

The research will be conducted at the researcher’s house at Poblacion 2,

Agdangan, Quezon. The locale is chosen as the environment of the study because the

place is near the supermarket and it has all the things that is needed for the

experimentation.

Procurement of the Materials

The following materials will be used in the conduct of the study:

1. The primary materials to conduct the study are the following:

1.1 Sampaguita
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 24

1.2 Papaya

1.3 Alcohol

2. Secondary materials include tools and equipment used by the researcher in making the

process of the said research:

2.1 Mortar and Pestle

2.2 Measuring cups

2.3 Strainer

2.4 Empty bottle of cologne

Procedure

A. Preparing Sampaguita (jasminum sambac)

1. The researchers went to the researcher’s house to buy a Sampaguita

2. The researchers bought the Sampaguita in the market

3. The researchers get the petals

4. The researchers measure it using the measuring cup

5. The researchers put it in the mortar

B. Preparing Papaya (Carica papaya)

1. The researchers went to the researcher’s house to gather a papaya flower

2. The researchers gathered the papaya flower in the backyard of the researcher’s house

3. The researchers get the petals

4. The researchers measure it using the measuring cup

5. The researchers put it in the mortar

C. Preparing Alcohol

1. The researchers went to the researcher’s house to buy alcohol

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 25

2. The researchers bought an alcohol in the market

3. The researchers put some alcohol in the measuring cup

4. The researchers put the alcohol in the mortar with the other substances.

D. Process for making the product

1. The researchers measured the petals of Sampaguita and papaya and the alcohol

2. The researchers pound it using the pestle

3. The researchers put in the empty bottle

E. Application

 Simply spray to your body

Data Gathering Procedures

To determine the effectiveness of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) extract Papaya

(Carica papaya) extract and Alcohol as a naturally made perfume. Some important

information(s) are gathered in the web and other researchers. Different materials and

equipment are needed and prepared. To gather data, the researcher uses a questionnaire to

determine the response of each respondent. Data is gathered and presented in tables for

evaluation and analysis.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The statistical treatment was done to determine the acceptability of the alternative

perfume, weighted mean will be employed by the researcher. The formula will be:
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 26

4f+3f+2f+1f
WM =
N

Where:

WM= Weighted Mean

f =frequency

N= number of respondents

To determine the acceptability of the product the “weighted mean” was used adopting the

four scale below:

Weight Range Descriptive Analysis

4 3.51-4.00 Highly Acceptable

3 2.51-3.50 Acceptable

2 1.51-2.50 Slightly Acceptable

1 1.00-1.50 Not Acceptable

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 27

Chapter IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the analysis, discussion and interpretation of the data

gathered from the application of the different treatments to the test organisms.

Table 1. Possibility of making perfume out of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac),

Papaya (Carica papaya) and Alcohol as an Alternative Perfume

Sample Sampaguita Papaya Alcohol Observation Remarks

Fragrance:
50% or Unpleasant
30% or 20% or Not
A 40 mL Color: Green
25 mL 15 mL recommendable
Appearance: Not
attractive
Fragrance:
Unpleasant
30% or 20% or 50% or Not
B Color: Light Green
25 mL 15 mL 40 mL recommendable
Appearance: Not
attractive
Fragrance: Pleasant
50% or 30% or 20% or Color: Yellowish
C Recommendable
40ml 25ml 15ml Appearance:
Attractive
The table shows the acceptability of the Alternative Perfume in terms of

possibility.

Shown above are Sample A, Sample B, and Sample C. Each sample have

different measures of different substances to know which measurement will be the most

effective when talking about Perfume. In sample A, 45% of the Sampaguita extract will

be used, and 45% of Papaya extract, and 10% of Alcohol. On sample B, there will be an

amount of 45% of Sampaguita extract, 40% of Papaya extract, and 15% of Alcohol.
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 28

Sample C is the last sample and it has 50% of Sampaguita extract 30% of Papaya extract

and 20% Alcohol.

This table is used to know which sample with designated measurement will be the

best in making an Alternative Perfume.

After the experimentation, the researchers provide the questionnaires to determine

if the respondent will agree to the product and to know which sample have the best

measurement that will fit in making perfume. The table below are the sample with the

highest weighted mean average, which the researchers choose to include for the

acceptability of the following.

Table 2.1 Acceptability of Sampaguita, Papaya and Alcohol as an Alternative

Perfume in terms of Fragrance

Sample C
Statement 4 3 2 1 WM VD
1. It smells good. 13 2 3.87 HA
2. The fragrance lasts. 14 1 3.93 HA
3. The fragrance it exerted isn’t harmful. 2 13 3.13 HA
4. It emits pleasant odor. 13 1 1 3.8 HA
5. It smells naturally. 4 11 3.27 HA
6. Can compete to the commercialized p rfume in 5 9 1 3.27 HA
terms of fragrance.
7. It is very refreshing. 1 12
2 3.67 HA
8. It doesn’t add to the pollution. 7 8 3.53 HA
9. The smell is warm. 10 1 4 3.2 HA
10. The fragrance lasts. 6 9 3.6 HA
AWM 3.53 HA
The table above shows the acceptability of Alternative Perfume in terms of Fragrance.

The researchers used the weighted mean in determining the acceptabilityof the

product in terms of fragrance. On the first statement statement 13 out of 15 respondents

agreed that the products fragrance smells good. The result of the weighted mean here is
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 29

3.27. On the second statement 14 out of 15 respondents agreed that the products

fragrance lasts. The result of the weighted mean is 3.93. On the third statement 13 out 15

respondents slightly agreed that the product fragrance it exerted isn’t harmful. The result

of the weighted mean is 3.13. On the fourth statement 13 out of 15 respondents agreed

that the product fragrance emits pleasant odor. The results of the weighted mean is 3.8.

On the fifth statement 11 out of 15 respondents slightly agreed that the product smells

naturally. The results of the weighted mean is 3.27.

On the sixth statement 9 out of 15 respondents slightly agreed that the product

can compete to the commercialized perfume in terms of fragrance. The results of the

weighted mean is 3.27. On the seventh statement 12 out of 15 respondents agreed that the

product fragrance is very refreshing. The results of the weighted mean is 3.67. On the

eight statement 8 out of 15 respondents agreed that the product fragrance doesn’t add to

the pollution. The results of the weighted mean is 3.53. On the ninth statement 10 out of

15 respondents slightly agreed that the products fragrance smell is warm. The results of

the weighted mean is 3.2. On the last statement 9 out of 15 agreed that products fragrance

lasts. The results of the weighted mean is 3.6. All of the weighted mean in each statement

are not lower than 3 and have an average of 3.53 meaning the product is highly

acceptable in terms of fragrance.

The researcher noticed that product is highly acceptable in terms of fragrance

because it is good in smell and naturally made from fresh Sampaguita and papaya.

Wong, 2013 stated that, some people say that perfumes are a fragrant liquid

created by essential oils and other ingredients. Essential oils are responsible for the odor
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 30

and makes up the fragrance of a plant, and are usually extracted form flowers or spices to

make a certain scent.

Table 2.2 Acceptability of alternative perfume out of Sampaguita (Jasminum

Sambac), Papaya (Carica Papaya) and Alcohol in terms of Color

Sample C
Statement 4 3 2 1 WM VD
1. It is truly natural. 9 6 3.6 HA
2. The color is good. 9 6 3.6 HA
3. It has decent color, it can’t give you irritation. 11 3 1 3.67 HA
4. The color of this product is nice. 10 5 3.67 HA
5. It can’t cause stain. 6 8 1 3.33 HA
6. The coor of this is enough to be an alternative perfume. 6 8 1 3.33 HA

7. It has light color. 6 9 3.67 HA

8. The color doesn’t look gross. 8 7 3.53 HA
9. It is good in sight. 8 7 3.53 HA
10. This product is truly alternative one. 9 6 3.6 HA
AWM 3.55 HA

The table above shows the acceptability of Alternative Perfume in terms of Color.

The researchers used the weighted mean in determining the acceptabilityof the

product in terms of color. On the first statement statement 9 out of 15 respondents agreed

that the products color is truly natural. The result of the weighted mean here is 3.6. On

the second statement 9 out of 15 respondents agreed that the products color is good. The

result of the weighted mean is 3.6. On the third statement 11 out 15 respondents agreed

that the product has decent color, it can’t give you irritation. The result of the weighted

mean is 3.67. On the fourth statement 10 out of 15 respondents agreed that the color of

the product is nice. The results of the weighted mean is 3.67.

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 31

On the fifth statement 8 out of 15 respondents slightly agreed that the color of

the product can’t cause stain. The results of the weighted mean is 3.33. On the sixth

statement 8 out of 15 respondents slightly agreed that the color of this product is enough

to be an alternative perfume. The results of the weighted mean is 3.33. On the seventh

statement 9 out of 15 respondents slightly agreed that the product has a light color. The

results of the weighted mean is 3.67. On the eight statement 8 out of 15 respondents

agreed that the color of the product doesn’t look gross. The results of the weighted mean

is 3.53. On the ninth statement 8 out of 15 respondents agreed that the products color is

good in sight. The results of the weighted mean is 3.53. On the last statement 9 out of 15

agreed that the color products is truly alternative one. The results of the weighted mean is

3.6. All of the weighted mean in each statement are not lower than 3 and have an average

of 3.55 meaning the product is highly acceptable in terms of color.

The researcher noticed that the product is highly acceptable in terms of color

because it has a light color and it’s good for the eyes of the customer.

As noted in Talanta: The international Journal of pure and Applied Analytical

Chemistry, “Color perception plays a major role in the consumer evaluation of perfume

quality. Consumers need first to be entirely satisfied with the sensory properties of

products, before other quality dimensions become relevant”.

Table 2.3 Acceptability of alternative perfume out of Sampaguita (Jasminum

Sambac), Papaya (Carica Papaya) and Alcohol in terms of Appearance

Sample C
Statement 4 3 2 1 WM VD
1. It is presentable. 11 4 3.73 HA
2. The product is alluring . 10 5 3.67 HA
3. Easy to dispose after using the product. 6 9 3.53 HA
4. It is molded and mildew. 12 3 3.8 HA
5. It looks naturally. 10 5 3.67 HA
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 32

6. It is innovative. 5 10 3.33 HA
7. It is light. 9 6 3.6 HA
8. It is easy to use. 7 7 1 3.4 HA
9. It is quite good. 6 9 3.4 HA
10. It can attract consumers. 12 3 3.8 HA
AWM 3.59 HA

The table above shows the acceptability of Alternative Perfume in terms of Appearance.

The researchers used the weighted mean in determining the acceptabilityof the

product in terms of appearance. On the first statement statement 11 out of 15 respondents

agreed that the products appearance is presentable. The result of the weighted mean here

is 3.73. On the second statement 10 out of 15 respondents agreed that the products

appearance is alluring. The result of the weighted mean is 3.67. On the third statement 9

out 15 respondents slightly agreed that the product is easy to dispose after using the

product. The result of the weighted mean is 3.53. On the fourth statement 12 out of 15

respondents agreed that the product is molde and mildew. The results of the weighted

mean is 3.8. On the fifth statement 10 out of 15 respondents agreed that the product

appearance looks naturally. The results of the weighted mean is 3.67. On the sixth

statement 10 out of 15 respondents slightly agreed that the product appearance is

innovative. The results of the weighted mean is 3.33.

On the seventh statement 9 out of 15 respondents agreed that the product

appearance is light. The results of the weighted mean is 3.6. On the eight statement 7 out

of 15 respondents agreed that the product is easy to use. The results of the weighted mean

is 3.4. On the ninth statement 9 out of 15 respondents slightly agreed that the products

appearance is quite good. The results of the weighted mean is 3.4. On the last statement

12 out of 15 agreed that products appearance can attract consumers. The results of the
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 33

weighted mean is 3.8. All of the weighted mean in each statement are not lower than 3

and have an average of 3.59 meaning the product is highly acceptable in terms of

appearance.

The researcher noticed that the product is highly acceptable in terms of appearance

because it is presentable that can attract to the customer.

This table was supported by Cosmetics Design Europe, 2018 which stated that,

perfumes and scented products have been used for centuries as way to enhance overall

personal appearance, and with previous studies showing that attractiveness could be

influenced by smell, this is the first study looking at whether odors influence that visual

perception of facial features or alternatively, how faces are emotionally evaluated by the

brain.

The researcher noticed that the product is highly acceptable in terms of appearance

because it is presentable that can attract to the customer.

Table 3.1 Effectiveness of alternative perfume out of Sampaguita (Jasminum

Sambac), Papaya (Carica Papaya) and Alcohol in terms of creating pleasant smell
CLOTHES RESPONSE
1. Unpleasant odor 4
2. Smell fishy 3
3. Sweaty smell 4
4. Faint smell 3
5. Smell spite 3
6. Stenchy odor 3
Legend: 1- Unpleasant smell, 2- Slightly fragrant, 3- Moderately fragrant, 4- Fragrant

The table above shows the effectiveness of Alternative Perfume in terms of creating

pleasant smell.
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 34

The first column shows the different clothes having different kind of smell where

the researchers conducted the effectivity test of the product. While the opposite column

shows the response of the respondent with the given legend: 1-Unpleasant smell, 2-

slightly fragrant, 3-Moderately fragrant and 4-Fragrant. On the first clothes the smell was

unpleasant odor and the respondent answer 4 meaning that the product smell fragrant. On

the second clothes having smell fishy the respondent answer 3 meaning that the product

smell moderately fragrant. On the third clothes having sweaty smell the respondent

answer 4 meaning that the product smell fragrant.

On the fourth clothes the having faint smell the respondent answer 3 meaning that

the product smell moderately. On the fifth clothes the having smell spite the respondent

answer 3 meaning that the product smell moderately. On the last clothes having stenchy

odor the respondent answer 3 meaning that the product smell moderately.

The researcher noticed that almost of the respondents are same comment about the

smell in different kinds of clothes. It shows that the product is effective in terms creating

pleasant smell.

Table 3.2 Effectiveness of alternative perfume out of Sampaguita (Jasminum

Sambac), Papaya (Carica Papaya) and Alcohol in terms of long lasting smell
CLOTHES RESPONSE
1. Unpleasant odor 3
2. Smell fishy 2
3. Sweaty smell 2
4. Faint smell 3
5. Smell spite 2
6. Stenchy odor 3
Legend: 1- 3 hours, 2- 6 hours, 3- 9 hours, 4- 12 hours
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 35

The table above shows the effectiveness of Alternative Perfume in terms of long

lasting smell.

The researchers used the legend in determining the effectiveness of the product in

terms of long lasting smell. The product was used in different kind of clothes having

different kind of smell. On the first clothes the smell was unpleasant odor and the

respondent answer 3 meaning that the product is effective because it has the ability of

creating long lasting smell when applied on this kind of clothes. On the second clothes

having smell fishy the respondent answer 2 meaning that the product is effective because

it has the ability of creating long lasting smell when applied on this kind of clothes. On

the third clothes having sweaty smell the respondent answer 2 meaning that the smell last

about 6 hours.

On the fourth clothes the having faint smell the respondent answer 3 meaning that

the smell last about 9 hours. On the fifth clothes the having smell spite the respondent

answer 2 meaning that the smell last about 6 hours. On the last clothes having stenchy

odor the respondent answer 3 meaning that the smell last for about 9 hours.

The researcher noticed that almost of the respondents are same comment about the

smell in different kinds of clothes. It shows that the product is effective in terms of

having long lasting smell.

According to American Chemical Society (ACS) fragrances can be powerful. They

can sooth or revitalize, evoke the forest or sea, and remind us of the past. To capture

them, manufacturers infuse scents into products from toilet bowl cleaners to luxury

perfumes. But once released from bottle, fragrances evaporate quickly.

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 36

Table on the next page shows the acceptability of the Alternative Perfume in terms

of Cost and Return.

The table shows the cost of the substances that the researchers used in conducting

the project. The researchers bought Sampaguita in their local market that cost them

P50.00.

Table 4. Cost and Return Analysis of alternative perfume out of Sampaguita

(Jasminum Sambac), Papaya (Carica Papaya)
Ingredients Price
Sampaguita P50.00
Papaya P1.00
Alcohol P30.00
Empty bottle of cologne P30.00
Total P111.00
Original Price of a Perfume P180.00

The researchers also bought Alcohol which has a price of P30.00. The researchers also

bought a empty bottle of cologne amounting P30.00. . The papaya cost them P1.00

because it is obtained from the environment. The researchers came up with a total of

P111.00 which is so cheap when compare to the original price of a Perfume amounting

P180.00.

The experiment seems successful because the amount is so small and so affordable

but if the consumer will conduct this process, they need to exert effort to have triumphant

at the end.
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 37

Chapter V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of the study conducted. This also presents the

findings derived from the analysis and interpretation of the results. Moreover, this

imparts the conclusions framed and the recommendations formulated thereafter.

Summary

Nowadays we encountered different kind of scent or fragrance because of the

perfume made from different materials or substances. Using perfume is one of many

things that we can use to express our personality. But today brought by the new

technology, most of the perfumes we can buy are created using machines and many

substances has a strong scent, fragrance or containing toxins. The cost of some perfume is

quite high.

That is the main reason why the researcher’s conduct this study is to lessen the

commercialized perfume that contains toxins and to use our alternative resources to make

perfume. Another goal of this product is to save money by using this product and to help

the consumer in safer and affordable way of maintaining our environment clean and safe.
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 38

The variables that will be needed in this study are Sampaguita (Jasminum Sambac),

Papaya (Carica Papaya) and Alcohol. The study was conducted at Brgy. Poblacion 1,

Agdangan, Quezon. The research yielded consistent data that the Sampaguita flowers

have its sweet scent that is really needed to make an eco-friendly perfume. Before

achieving the wanted result of the study, recommended procedure has to be done. The

researchers gathered the materials needed in making the product.

After getting the materials needed the researchers proceed to the process of

making the product. And lastly, the end product was put in a empty bottle of cologne.

The acceptability of the Alternative Perfume as percieved by the target respondents and

determined through a questionnaire. Likewise, the acceptability of the Alternative

Perfume was generated through the target respondents using interview-questionnaire

Findings

From the data table presented, the following findings were derived:

1. It is possible to make an Alternative Perfume out of Sampaguita, Papaya and

Alcohol.

2. The respondents who saw the effect of an Alternative Perfume once it is applied on

the clothes.

2.1 The Alternative Perfume is highly acceptable in terms of Fragrance with a

weighted mean of 3.53.

2.2 The Alternative Perfume is highly acceptable in terms of Color with a

weighted mean of 3.55.

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 39

2.3 The Alternative Perfume is highly acceptable in terms of Appearance with

a weighted mean of 3.59.

3. The respondents who saw the effect of an Alternative Perfume once it is applied on

the clothes.

3.1 The Alternative Perfume is effective in terms creating pleasant smell.

3.2 The Alternative Perfume is effective in terms of having long lasting smell.

4. The Cost and Return Analysis of Alternative Perfume indicates that the product

created is successful because it has low price than the commercialized one.

Conclusions

Within the limits of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. It is possible to make an Alternative Perfume out of natural materials.

2. The researchers generated the conclusion that the Alternative Perfume can generate

fragrance.

3. The study is effective in maintaining safe and fresh air throughout the community.

Recommendations:

The following recommendations are suggested:

1. Use the ripe or mature Sampaguita flowers for stronger fragrance.

2. Use a big amount of Sampaguita extract as primary materials to have a strong

fragrance.
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 40

References:

Botany.hawaii.edu,2018

Retrieved from www.botany.hawaii.edu

Current Opinion in food Science,2018

Retrieved from www.currentopinioninfoodscience

Aparna Vidyasagar, Live Science Contributor,2015

Retrieved from www. Aparna Vidyasagar, Live Science Contributor,2015

NHC site, 2016

Retrieved from www. NHC site, 2016

Thefreedictionary.com, 2018

Retrieved from www. Thefreedictionary.com, 2018

Carvalho, F., Filer, D., Renner, S. S.,2014

Retrieved from www. Carvalho, F., Filer, D., Renner, S. S.,2014

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 41

Water treatment solution:Filtration,2013

Retrieved from www. Water treatment solution:Filtration,2013

Wolfgang Sturm; Klaus Peters, 2007

Retrieved from www. Wolfgang Sturm; Klaus Peters, 2007

IFRA ingredients, 2005

Retrieved from www. IFRA ingredients, 2005

Thespruce.com, 2018

Retrieved from www. Thespruce.com, 2018

Gardenia.net, 2018

Retrieved from www. Gardenia.net, 2018

Findwords.info, 2018

Retrieved from www. Findwords.info, 2018

Thoughtco.com, 2018

Retrieved from www. Thoughtco.com, 2018

Britanicca.com, 2018

Retrieved from www. Britanicca.com, 2018

Collinsdictionary.com, 2018

Retrieved from www. Collinsdictionary.com, 2018

Topmeaning.com, 2018

Retrieved from www. Topmeaning.com, 2018

Biology-online.org, 2018

Retrieved from www. Biology-online.org, 2018

Medicine.com, 2018
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 42

Retrieved from www. Medicine.com, 2018

Showmeword.com, 2018

Retrieved from www.Showmeword.com, 2018

1doceonline.com, 2018

Retrieved from www.1doceonline.com, 2018

Vocabulary.com, 2018

Retrieved from www.Vocabulary.com, 2018

Teleflora.com, 2018

Retrieved from www.Teleflora.com, 2018

Tailor Made Fragrance, 2018

Retrieved from www.Tailor Made Fragrance, 2018

McGill University, 2018

Retrieved from www.McGill University, 2018

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 43

APPENDICES
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 44

APPENDIX 1

MATERIALS

Primary Materials

Sampaguita Papaya Flower

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 45

Alcohol

APPENDIX 2

Secondary Materials

Mortar and Pestle Strainer

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 46

Measuring cups Empty bottle of cologne

APPENDIX 3

Process in making the product

Step 1: Prepare the Step 2: Get the petals of

materials sampaguita

Step 3: Pour water in the Step 4: Pound it using pestle

mortar
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 47

Step 5: Strain it using the Step 6: Pound the papaya

strainer flower using pestle

Step 7: Strain it using the Step 8: Measure the

strainer Alcohol

Step 9: Measure the

sampaguta extract

Step 9: Measure the Sampaguita extract Step 10: Measure the papaya extract
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 48

Step 11: Put the extract of Sampaguita and papaya

Step 12: Put the alcohol

Step 13: Put the

Product in empty
Bottle of cologne

APPENDIX 4
Questionnaire

Table 1.1 Acceptability of Sampaguita, Papaya and Alcohol as an Alternative

Perfume in terms of Fragrance
Statement 4 3 2 1
1. It smells good.
2. The fragrance lasts.
3. The fragrance it exerted isn’t harmful.
4. It emits pleasant odor.
5. It smells naturally.
6. Can compete to the commercialized air freshener in terms of
fragrance.
7. It is very refreshing.
8. It doesn’t add to the pollution.
9. The smell is warm.
10. The fragrance lasts.

Table 1.2 Acceptability of Sampaguita, Papaya and Alcohol as an Alternative

Perfume in terms of Color
Statement 4 3 2 1
1. It is truly natural.
2. The color is good.
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 49

3. It has decent color, it can’t give you irritation

4. The color of this product is nice.
5. It can’t cause stain.
6. The color of this is enough to be an alternative perfume.
7. It has a light color.
8. The color doesn’t look gross.
9. It is good in sight.
10. This product is truly alternative one.

Table 1.3 Acceptability of Sampaguita, Papaya and Alcohol as an Alternative

Perfume in terms of Appearance
Statement 4 3 2 1
1. It is presentable.
2. The product is alluring.
3. Easy to dispose after using the product.
4. It is molded and mildew.
5. It looks naturally.
6. It is innovative.
7. It is light.
8. It is easy to use.
9. It is quite good.
10. It can attract consumers.

APPENDIX 5

Survey documentation
 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 50

Testing the Product Answering the Questionnaire

Answering the Questionnaire Testing the Product

Answering the Questionnaire

 Acceptability of Sampaguita ... by ktaguilar, iprolloque and jmsisi, 2018 51

APPENDIX 6

Application Process
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