THIS IS AN OPTIONAL BONUS ASSIGNMENT.
5.3
Name:_______________________________________
Class Period:____ Due Date:___/____/____
Guided Reading & Analysis: The Civil War,
1861-1865 chapter 14- Civil War pp 268-283
Reading Assignment:
Ch. 14 AMSCO or other resource for Period 5.
Purpose:
This guide is not only a place to record notes as you read, but also to provide a
place and structure for reflections and analysis using your noggin (thinking skills)
with new knowledge gained from the reading.
.
(collage created by Rebecca Richardson using playbill from
The Civil War, map from wiki commons, and image from artshound)
Directions:
1. Pre-Read: Read the prompts/questions within this guide before you read the chapter.
2. Skim: Flip through the chapter and note titles and subtitles. Look at images and read captions. Get a feel for the content you are about to read.
3. Read/Analyze: Read the chapter. If you have your own copy of AMSCO, Highlight key events and people as you read. Remember, the goal is not
to “fish” for a specific answer(s) to reading guide questions, but to consider questions in order to critically understand what you read!
4. Write: Write (do not type) your notes and analysis in the spaces provided. Complete it in INK!
Key Concepts FOR PERIOD 5:
Key Concept 5.1: The United States became more connected with the world, pursued an expansionist foreign policy in the Western
Hemisphere, and emerged as the destination for many migrants from other countries.
Key Concept 5.2: Intensified by expansion and deepening regional divisions, debates over slavery and other economic, cultural, and
political issues led the nation into civil war.
Key Concept 5.3: The Union victory in the Civil War and the contested reconstruction of the South settled the issues of slavery and
secession, but left unresolved many questions about the power of the federal government and citizenship rights.
Section 1 Guided Reading, pp 268-282
1. Intro: The Civil War, 1861-1865 page 268
Key Concepts &
Main Ideas Notes
The North’s greater Read the William Tecumseh Sherman quote and first paragraph of the chapter on page 268.
manpower and List and explain the four main ways the civil war impacted the nation.
industrial resources, its
leadership, and the 1)
decision for
emancipation eventually
led to the Union military 2)
victory over the
Confederacy in the
devastating Civil War 3)
The Union victory in
the Civil War and the 4)
contested
Reconstruction of the
South settled the issues Which effect of war do you view as the most significant? Explain your reasoning.
of slavery and
secession…
2. The War Begins pp 268-271
REMEMBER…As you read the chapter, jot down your notes in the middle column. Consider your notes to be elaborations on the Objectives
and Main Ideas presented in the left column and in the subtitles of the text. INCLUDE IN YOUR NOTES ALL SIGNIFICANT VOCABULARY AND
PEOPLE. After read and take notes, thoughtfully, analyze what you read by answering the questions in the right column. Remember this step is
essential to your processing of information. Completing this guide thoughtfully will increase your retention as well as your comprehension!
Key Concepts
& Main Ideas Notes Analysis
The War Begins… Abraham Lincoln is revered at one of the best
Presidents in history by many historians;
The North’s however there are those who see him as a
greater Fort Sumter… tyrant who abused his power. Support or refute
manpower and the assertion that he was a tyrant who violated
industrial the Constitution and individuals’ rights as
resources, its outlined in the Bill of Rights. Defend your
leadership, and answer with specific evidence.
the decision for
emancipation
eventually led
to the Union Use of Executive Power…
military victory
over the
Confederacy
in the
devastating
Civil War. Secession of the Upper South…
Although
Confederate
leadership
showed Keeping Border States in the Union… Abraham Lincoln said, “I hope to have God on
initiative and my side, but I must have Kentucky.” What did
daring early in he mean by this?
the war, the
Union
ultimately
succeeded due
to improved
military
leadership, Wartime Advantages…
more effective
strategies, key Military…
victories,
greater
resources, and So many West Point graduates joined the
the wartime Confederacy, the government contemplated
shutting it down. (Of 1,108 U.S. Army officers in
destruction of
1860, only 270 resigned to join the Confederate
the South’s Economic… Army. Of those 270, however, 184 were West
environment Point graduates and were mostly middle to
and upper commanders with military experience…
infrastructure. most notably, Robert E. Lee.) Despite so many
highly trained military leaders, they still ended
Political… up losing. Why do you think that was?
The Confederate States of America…
3. First Years of a Long War, pp 271-2273
Key Concepts & Main
Ideas Notes Analysis
First Years of a Long War… Who had more victories in the first years
Although Confederate of the war?
leadership showed
initiative and daring
early in the war, the First Battle of Bull Run…
Union ultimately
succeeded due to
improved military
leadership, more Union Strategy…
effective strategies,
key victories, greater
resources, and the
Explain how technological innovation
wartime destruction of
impacted the war.
the South’s
environment and
infrastructure. Peninsula Campaign…
Second Battle of Bull Run…
General Winfield Scott’s strategy turned
Antietam….. out to be the winning strategy, although
it wasn’t taken seriously at the time.
Explain why it was mocked early on in
the war.
Fredericksburg…
How was General Grant different from
General McClellen?
Monitor vs. Merrimac…
Grant in the West…
4. Foreign Affairs and Diplomacy and The End of Slavery, pp 274-276
Key Concepts
& Main Ideas Notes Analysis
Foreign Affairs and Diplomacy… Explain why the South failed to
The North’s develop an alliance with Great
greater Britain.
manpower and
industrial
resources, its
Trent Affair…
leadership, and
the decision for
emancipation
eventually led to
the Union
military victory
Confederate Raiders…
over the
Confederacy in
the devastating
Civil War.
Lincoln’s
decision to Failure of Cotton Diplomacy…
issue the
Emancipation To what extent was the
Emancipation Proclamation
Proclamation
responsible for the South’s failed
changed the
“cotton diplomacy?” Defend
purpose of the your answer.
war, enabling The End of Slavery…
many African
Americans to
fight in the
Union Army,
and helping
prevent the
Confederacy Confiscation Acts…
from gaining
full diplomatic
support from
European
powers.
Emancipation Proclamation… In what way was the Battle of
The 13th
Antietam a turning point in the
Amendment war?
abolished
slavery, bringing
about the war’s
most dramatic
Consequences…
social and
economic
change…
Explain the significance of the
54th Regiment. #Glory
Thirteenth Amendment…
Freedmen in the War…
5. The Union Triumphs, 1863-1865 pp 277-279
Key Concepts & Main Notes Analysis
Ideas
The North’s greater The Union Triumphs, 1863-1865… Support or refute the assertion that the
manpower and Battle of Gettysburg was a more important
industrial resources, turning point than the Battle of Vicksburg.
its leadership, and
the decision for
Turning Point
emancipation
eventually led to the Vicksburg
Union military
victory over the
Confederacy in the
devastating Civil
War. Which turning point Battle was most
Gettysburg… essential in implementing General Winfield
Although Scotts war strategy?
Confederate
leadership showed
initiative and daring
early in the war, the
Union ultimately
succeeded due to
improved military Grant in Command…
leadership, more Explain the political impact of Sherman’s
March to the Sea.
effective strategies,
key victories,
greater resources,
and the wartime
destruction of the
South’s Sherman’s March…
environment and
infrastructure.
Was Lincoln a popular president (while
serving as President)? Defend your
answer with evidence.
Election of 1864…
The End of the War…
Why did General Grant treat General Lee
with such respect at the end of the war?
What is significant about this?
Surrender at Appomattox…
Assassination of Lincoln…
6. Effects of the War on Civilian Life, pp 279-282
Key Concepts & Main Notes Analysis
Ideas
The Union victory Effects of the War on Civilian Life… What is the difference between a
in the Civil War scalawag and a copperhead?
and the contested Political Change…
Reconstruction of
the South settled the
issues of slavery
and secession, but
left unresolved
many questions
about the power of
the federal
government and Explain how the Union victory
citizenship rights. Civil Liberties… impacted federal politics and
regional economics.
The Civil War …
altered power
relationships
between the states
and the federal Ex Parte Milligan…
government and
among the
executive,
legislative, and
judicial branches,
The Draft…
ending slavery and
the notion of a
divisible union, but
leaving unresolved
questions of relative
power and largely
unchanged social
and economic
patterns.
Political Dominance of the North…
Both the North and the South
experienced inflation due to the war
Economic Change… (and spending). Why was inflation
so much higher in the South?
Financing the War…
Effects of the War on Civilian Life Continued…
Key Concepts & Notes Analysis
Main Ideas
The Union Modernizing Northern Society… Support or refute the assertion that
victory in the the Civil War was a Second
Civil War and American Revolution. Back up your
the contested answer with evidence.
Reconstruction
of the South
settled the issues
of slavery and
secession, but
left unresolved While the Democrats are away… the Republicans will play…
many questions
about the power a. Morrill Tariff Act
of the federal
government and
b. Homestead Act
citizenship
rights.
c. Morrill Land Grant Act
(this section will
be more relevant
in the next era) d. Pacific Railway Act
Compare and contrast the effect of
Social Change… War on women to the effect of War
on African Americans.
End of Slavery…
Contextualize & Analyze the following: Historical Situation (BROAD)
& Intended Audience,
Purpose, or Point of View
Address Delivered at the Dedication of the Cemetery at Gettysburg Abraham
Lincoln November 19, 1863 H:
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in
Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil
war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a
great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those
who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The
brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or IPP:
detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did
here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here
have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -
- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full
measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this
nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for
the people, shall not perish from the earth.
7. Historical Perspectives: Why Did the Union Win? Page 283
Political Reasons… Economic Reasons… Demographic Reasons… Cultural Reasons…
Which factor do you see as most significant to the Confederate loss? Explain your choice.
Historical Situation (BROAD)
Contextualize & Analyze the following: & Intended Audience,
Purpose, or Point of View
I here declare my unmitigated hatred to Yankee rule -- to all political, social
and business connection with the Yankees and to the Yankee race. Would H:
that I could impress these sentiments, in their full force, on every living
Southerner and bequeath them to every one yet to be born! May such
sentiments be held universally in the outraged and down-trodden South,
though in silence and stillness, until the now far-distant day shall arrive for
just retribution for Yankee usurpation, oppression and atrocious outrages,
and for deliverance and vengeance for the now ruined, subjugated and IPP:
enslaved Southern States!
...And now with my latest writing and utterance, and with what will be near
my latest breath, I here repeat and would willingly proclaim my unmitigated
hatred to Yankee rule--to all political, social and business connections with
Yankees, and the perfidious, malignant and vile Yankee race."
--Edmund Ruffin
(June 18, 1865 His lasts words before he committed suicide saying he’d rather die than live under Yankee rule.)
Taking into consideration Edmund Ruffin’s comments (he, by the way, fired the first shot at Fort Sumter), how did the Civil War impact the relationship
between the North and the South?
Reading Guide written by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School
Sources include but are not limited to: 2015 edition of AMSCO’s United States History Preparing for the Advanced Placement Examination, 2012 & 2015 Revised College Board Advanced Placement United States History Framework,
The Mental Floss History of the United States by Erik Sass, HIPP writing strategy developed by John P. Irish, Carroll High School, and other sources as cited in document and collected/adapted over 20 years of teaching and collaborating..
