Functional Requirements
RFID Technology
The term RFID (radio frequency identification) is a one type of electronic device includes a small
antenna and a chip. This device is used to transmit the information like persons, animals, books
or any stuff between reader and RFID tag using radio frequency electromagnetic fields. It is
capable of carrying 2k bytes of data. There are different kinds of RFID systems in the market,
which consist of an antenna, a transponder and a transceiver. Some types of tags can be located
close to the RFID reader and some tags can be located far from the reader. The operating
frequency ranges of these devices mainly include low, mid and high ranges. The low frequency
range is from 30kHz to 500kHz, mid frequency range is from 900kHz to 1500kHz and high
frequency range is 2.4kHz to 2.5kHz.
RFID Based Attendance System
The main concept of this attendance system using RFID is to maintain the attendance record.
Every student is allotted with a particular authorized tag. This RFID tag can be used to swipe to
record the attendance in front of the RFID reader.
Block Diagram of Attendance System
Nowadays, the attendance system in most of the organizations is documented manually. But,
this process takes lots of time. The proposed system uses a wireless technology (RFID).Every
employee is provided with an RFID tag, which includes an inbuilt IC for storing and processing the
information. The block diagram of this project includes a microcontroller, an oscillator circuit,
preset circuit, LCD display and an RFID reader.
Block Diagram of RFID based Attendance System
Microcontroller
The microcontroller used in this project is AT89C52 from the family of 8051. It includes 40-pins
and 4-ports.
Oscillator Circuit
The circuit of the oscillator in connected in between the pins of 18 and 19 of the microcontroller.
It is built with an oscillator with 11.0592 MHz and two 33pF capacitors.
Preset Circuit
The 9th pin of the AT89S52 is reset pin. The circuit of the preset is built with a 10μ capacitor, a
10k resistor and a switch. When the switch is pressed, the reset pin is connected to the VCC and
the microcontroller becomes reset.
RFID Reader
The RFID reader is a one type of module and small in size. It incorporates with any type of
hardware design. It is used to read the information which is stored in the RFID tags.
RASPBERRY PI
The Raspberry Pi is a series of small single-board computers developed in the United Kingdom by
the Raspberry Pi Foundation to promote the teaching of basic computer science in schools and
in developing countries
RASPBERRY PI 3 MODEL B+
RASPBERRY PI 3 MODEL B+ 1.4GHz 64-bit quad-core processor, dual-band wireless LAN,
Bluetooth 4.2/BLE, faster Ethernet, and Power-over-Ethernet support (with separate PoE HAT)
The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ is the latest product in the Raspberry Pi 3 range.
Specification
The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B is the earliest model of the third-generation Raspberry Pi. It replaced
the Raspberry Pi 2 Model B in February 2016. See also the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, the latest
product in the Raspberry Pi 3 range.
Quad Core 1.2GHz Broadcom BCM2837 64bit CPU
1GB RAM
BCM43438 wireless LAN and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) on board
100 Base Ethernet
40-pin extended GPIO
4 USB 2 ports
4 Pole stereo output and composite video port
Full size HDMI
CSI camera port for connecting a Raspberry Pi camera
DSI display port for connecting a Raspberry Pi touchscreen display
Micro SD port for loading your operating system and storing data
Upgraded switched Micro USB power source up to 2.5A
Non Functional Requirement
