BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE, PILANI
WORK INTEGRATED LEARNING PROGRAMMES
COURSE HANDOUT
Part A: Content Design
Course Title SOFTWARE TESTING METHODOLOGIES
Course No(s) SE* ZG552 / SSZG552
Credit Units 4
Course Author
Version No
Date
Course Objectives
No Objective
CO1 The course aims at providing a sound conceptual foundation in the area of Software Testing
Methodologies with emphasis on concepts and techniques for testing and analysis of software
CO2 The testing of software, at a unit, subsystem and system level. Various test techniques:
specification based testing and code based testing. Techniques and methods for software test
generation and validation.
CO3 The Software Analysis: Static and Dynamic. Test adequacy. Testing Object Oriented Software.
The types of software testing: Regression and interoperability. The software test processes and
management
Text Book(s)
T1 Software Testing – A Craftsman’s Approach, Fourth Edition, Paul C Jorgenson, CRC Press
T2 Foundations of Software Testing, Second Edition, Aditya P Mathur, Pearson
Reference Book(s) & other resources
R1 The Art of Software Testing, Third Edition, Glenford J. Myers, Tom Badget, Corey Sandler,
R2 Software Testing and Quality Assurance – Theory and Practice, Kshirasagar Naik, Priyadarshi
Tripathy, Wiley, 2013
R3 Testing Object Oriented Systems: Models, Patterns and Tools, Robert V Binder, Addison
Wesley
R4 Guide to Software Engineering Body of Knowledge, Version 3, IEEE
Content Structure
Module 1: Introduction to Software Testing & Techniques
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
1.1 Introduction to Software Testing Lecture Notes
1.2 Overview of the Course Lecture Notes
1.3 Software Testing Techniques T1 Chapter 1 & T2 Chapter 1
1.4 Software Testing – Quality Attributes, Types and T1 Chapter 1 & T2 Chapter 1
Levels
Module 2: Mathematics & Formal Methods
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
2.1 Permutations and Combinations Lecture Notes & Slides
2.2 Propositional Logic T1 3.4
2.3 Discrete Math T1 Chapter 3
2.4 Graph Theory T1 Chapter 4
Module 3: Specification Based Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
3.1 Specification Based Testing – Overview Lecture Notes
3.2 Equivalence Class T1 Chapter 6
3.3 Boundary Value Analysis T1 Chapter 5
3.4 Example & Case Study Lecture Notes, T1 Chapter 6 & 5
Module 4: Specification Based Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
4.1 Domain Testing T2 Chapter 3
4.2 Combinatorial Lecture Notes
4.3 Decision Table Based Testing T1 Chapter 7
4.4 Example & Case Study T1 Chapter 7 & Lecture Notes
Module 5: Code Based Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
5.1 Code Based Testing – Overview Lecture Notes
5.2 Path Testing T1 Chapter 8
5.3 Examples T1 Chapter 8
Module 6: Code Based Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
6.1 Data Flow Testing T1 Chapter 9
6.2 Path Based Testing – Metric T1 Chapter 8 & Lecture Notes
6.3 Examples T1 Chapter 9 & T1 Chapter 8
Module 7: Model Based Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
7.1 Model Based Testing – Introduction & Overview T1 Chapter 12
7.2 Finite State Machines & Fault Model T2 Chapter 5
7.3 Examples T1 Chapter 17
7.4 Case Study Lectures Notes & T1 Chapter 17
Module 8: Model Based Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
8.1 Model Based Testing – Systems T1 Chapter 17
8.2 Model Based Testing – System of Systems T1 Chapter 17 & T2 Chapter 5
8.3 Example T1 Chapter 17 & Lecture Notes
8.4 Cases Study T1 Chapter 17 & Lecture Notes
Module 9: Object Oriented Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
9.1 OO Software & OO Software test – Introduction & Lecture Notes & T1 Chapter 15
Overview
9.2 Issues in Testing OO Software T1 Chapter 15
9.3 OO Unit Testing T1 Chapter 15
9.4 Examples T1 Chapter 15 & Lecture Notes
Module 10: Object Oriented Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
10.1 OO Integration Testing T1 Chapter 15
10.2 OO System Testing T1 Chapter 15
10.3 OO – GUI Testing T1 Chapter 15 & Lecture Notes
10.4 Examples & Cases T1 Chapter 15 & Lecture Notes
Module 11: Integration Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
11.1 Integration Testing – Introduction, Overview & T1 Chapter 13
Issues
11.2 Integration Testing – Types & Strategies T1 Chapter 13
11.3 Examples T1 Chapter 13
11.4 Cases T1 Chapter 13 & Lecture Notes
Module 12: System Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
12.1 System Testing – Introduction, Overview & Issues T1 Chapter 14
12.2 Systems Testing – Types, Techniques & Strategies T1 Chapter 14
12.3 Examples T1 Chapter 14 & Lecture Notes
Module 13: Life-Cycle Based Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
13.1 Life-Cycle Based Testing – Overview and T1 Chapter 11
Perspective
13.2 Life-Cycles – Water fall, Iterative, and Agile T1 Chapter 11
13.3 Implications and issues, Strategies & Models T1 Chapter 11
13.4 Example and Case Lecture Notes
Module 14: Test Adequacy and Enhancement
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
14.1 Test Adequacy – Need & Overview T2 Chapter 7
14.2 Test Adequacy Assessment – Data Flow T2 Chapter 7
14.3 Test Adequacy Assessment – Control Flow T2 Chapter 7
14.4 Examples & Cases T2 Chapter 7 & Lecture Notes
Module 15: Regression Testing
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
15.1 Need, Motivation & Techniques T2 Chapter 9
15.2 Regression Testing – Test Selection (Execution T2 Chapter 9
Trace)
15.3 Regression Testing – Test Selection (Dynamic T2 Chapter 9
Slicing)
Module 16: Test Case Minimization, Prioritization & Optimization
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
16.1 Minimization, Prioritization & Optimization T2 Chapter 9
Techniques
16.2 Test Selection Algorithms T2 Chapter 9
16.3 Examples T2 Chapter 9
Module 17: Testing Non-functional Requirements
Topic No. Topic Title Reference
17.1 Reliability Analysis T2 Chapter 9, R1
17.2 Fault Tolerance T2 Chapter 9, R1
17.3 Examples T2 Chapter 9, R1
Learning Outcomes:
No Learning Outcomes
LO1 Introduce the course and course handout. Bring a perspective of need and motivation for this
course. Provide an overview of the course, quality attributes, levels and types of Testing
LO2 Provide a base to the software testing techniques in form of mathematics and formal methods.
Review topics of permutation/combination, discrete mathematics and graph theory. Focus is
on the relevance to software testing.
LO3 Bring an approach to look at the system from specification perspective. Learn the relevant
techniques for testing specifications – Equivalence Class, Boundary Value Analysis,
Combinatorial, Decision Tables and Domain Testing
LO4 Take a code level approach to testing and assuring quality. Learn the relevant techniques for
testing code – Path Based Testing and Data Flow Testing
LO5 Introduce Model Based Testing. Various Model for Software testing, their choice and
techniques. Learn Finite State Machine, Petri Nets and State Charts. Learn to use these to
derive testing cases
LO6 Understand the issues in OO Software Testing. Learn techniques and sublets of Unit,
Integration and Systems Testing of OO Software. GUI Testing for OO Software
LO7 Overview and need for Integration and Systems Testing of Software. Learn the techniques of
Integration and Systems Testing
LO8 Provide an overview from a life-cycle perspective of Software and Software Products. Agile
Testing and Agile Model-Driven Development. Role of Test engineers in life-cycle-based
testing
LO9 Learn the need for test adequacy and need for enhancement of test cases. Various techniques
and criteria for measuring of test adequacy (data and control flow). Using the criteria to
enhance test cases.
LO10 Explore and understand the need for minimization and prioritization. Review the regression
test problem. Selection of test cases for regression.
Part B: Contact Session Plan
Academic Term
Course Title Software Testing Methodologies
Course No
Lead Instructor
Glossary of Terms
1. Contact Hour (CH) stands for a hour long live session with students conducted either in a physical
classroom or enabled through technology. In this model of instruction, instructor led sessions will be
for 22 CH.
a. Pre CH = Self Learning done prior to a given contact hour
b. During CH = Content to be discussed during the contact hour by the course instructor
c. Post CH = Self Learning done post the contact hour
2. Contact Hour (CS) stands for a two-hour long live session with students conducted either in a
physical classroom or enabled through technology. In this model of instruction, instructor led
sessions will be for 11 CS.
a. Pre CS = Self Learning done prior to a given contact session
b. During CS = Content to be discussed during the contact session by the course instructor
c. Post CS = Self Learning done post the contact session
3. RL stands for Recorded Lecture or Recorded Lesson. It is presented to the student through an online
portal. A given RL unfolds as a sequences of video segments interleaved with exercises
4. SS stands for Self-Study to be done as a study of relevant sections from textbooks and reference
books. It could also include study of external resources.
5. LE stands for Lab Exercises
6. HW stands for Home Work.
7. M stands for module. Module is a standalone quantum of designed content. A typical course is
delivered using a string of modules. M2 means module 2.
Teaching Methodology (Flipped Learning Model)
The pedagogy for this course is centered around flipped learning model in which the traditional class-room
instruction is replaced with recorded lectures to be watched at home as per the student’s convenience and the
erstwhile home-working or tutorials become the focus of classroom contact sessions. Students are expected to
finish the home works on time.
Contact Session Plan
o Each Module (M#) covers an independent topic and module may encompass more than one
Recorded Lecture (RL).
o Contact Sessions (2hrs each week) are scheduled alternate weeks after the student watches all
Recorded Lectures (RLs) of the specified Modules (listed below) during the previous week
o In the flipped learning model, Contact Sessions are meant for in-classroom discussions on cases,
tutorials/exercises or responding to student’s questions/clarification--- may encompass more than
one Module/RLs/CS topic.
o Contact Session topics listed in course structure (numbered CSx.y) may cover several RLs; and as
per the pace of instructor/students’ learning, the instructor may take up more than one CS topic
during each of the below sessions.
Detailed Structure
Introductory Video/Document: << Introducing the faculty, overview of the course, structure and
organization of topics, guidance for navigating the content, and expectations from students>>
Each of the sub-modules of Recorded Lectures (RLx.y ) shall delivered via 30 – 60mins videos
followed by:
Contact session (CSx.y) of 2Hr each for illustrating the concepts discussed in the videos with
exercises, tutorials and discussion on case-problems (wherever appropriate); contact sessions (CS)
may cover more than one recorded-lecture (RL) videos.
Course Contents
Contact Hour 1
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL1.1 Introduction to Software Testing Lecture Notes & Slides
RL1.2 Overview of the Course Lecture Notes & Slides
RL1.3 Software Testing Techniques T1 Chapter 1 & T2 Chapter 1
RL1.4 Software Testing – Quality Attributes, Types T1 Chapter 1 & T2 Chapter 1
and Levels
During CH CH1 CH1.1 = Specification-Based Versus Code T1 1.4.3
Based Testing debate T1 1.5
CH1.2 = Fault Taxonomies T2 1.3
CH1.3 = Requirements, Behaviour & T2 1.4
Correctness T2 1.6
CH1.4 = Correctness Versus Reliability
CH1.5=Test Metrics
Post CH SS1 SS1.1 Quality Attributes
SS1.2 Test Techniques
HW1 None
LE1 None
QZ1 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 2
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL2.1 Permutations and Combinations Lecture notes & Slides
RL2.2 Propositional Logic T1 3.4
RL2.3 Discrete Math T1 Chapter 3
During CH CH2 CH2.1 = Examples for Permutations & T1 Chapter 3
Combinations (Develop examples to
CH2.2 = Examples for Propositional Logic understand the theory and its
CH2.3 = Examples on Set Theory application from Software
CH2.4 = Probability Theory Testing Perspective)
Post CH SS2 SS2.1 Map Test Technique and Math
Concepts
SS2.2 Study of Chapter 3
HW2 None
LE2 None
QZ2 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 3
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL2.4 Graph Theory T1 Chapter 4
During CH CH3 CH3.1 = Graphs for testing – FSM T1 4.3.2
CH3.2 = Graphs for testing – Petri Nets T1 4.3.3
CH3.3 = Graphs for testing – EDPN T1 4.3.4
CH3.4 = Graphs for testing – StateCharts T1 4.3.5
Post CH SS3 SS2.2 Study of Chapter 4
HW3 None
LE3 None
QZ3 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 4
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL3.1 Specification Based Testing – Overview Lecture Notes & T1 1.4.3
RL3.2 Equivalence Class T1 Chapter 6
RL3.3 Boundary Value Analysis T1 Chapter 5
RL3.4 Example & Case Study Lecture Notes, T1 Chapter 6 &
5
During CH CH4 CH4.1 = Discuss examples from the text T1 Chapter 5 & 6
CH4.2 = Discuss and solve two examples
from day to day software
Post CH SS4 SS3.1 EC & BVA for a program
SS3.2 Analyse, Compare & Contrast the
techniques
HW4 None
LE4 None
QZ4 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 5
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL4.1 Domain Testing T2 Chapter 3
RL4.2 Combinatorial Lecture Notes
RL4.3 Decision Table Based Testing T1 Chapter 7
RL4.4 Example & Case Study T1 Chapter 7 & Lecture Notes
During CH CH5 CH5.1 = Discuss examples from the text
CH5.2 = Discuss and solve two examples
from day to day software
Post CH SS4 SS4.1 = Elements of being systematic
SS4.2 = Compare & Contrast the test
techniques
HW5 None
LE5 None
QZ5 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 6
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL5.1 Code Based Testing – Overview Lecture Notes
RL5.2 Path Testing T1 Chapter 8
RL5.3 Examples T1 Chapter 8
During CH CH6 CH6.1 = Compound conditions T1 8.3.3
CH6.2 = Discussion on examples T1 8.3.4 or faculty discretion
Post CH SS5 SS5.1 Design of unit test cases
SS5.2 Explore the tools for testing and
metrics
HW6 None
LE6 None
QZ6 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 7
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL6.1 Data Flow Testing T1 Chapter 9
RL6.2 Path Based Testing – Metric T1 Chapter 8 & Lecture Notes
RL6.3 Examples T1 Chapter 9 & T1 Chapter 8
During CH CH7 CH7.1 = Discuss Coverage Metrics with T1 9.1.7
examples T1 9.2
CH7.2 = Slice based testing
Post CH SS6 At faculty discretion
HW7 None
LE7 None
QZ7 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 8
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL7.1 Model Based Testing – Introduction & T1 Chapter 12
Overview
RL7.2 Finite State Machines & Fault Model T2 Chapter 5
RL7.3 Examples T1 Chapter 17
RL7.4 Case Study Lectures Notes & T1 Chapter
17
During CH CH8 CH8.1 = Discuss Patterson Lattice T1 12.2
CH8.2 = Discuss an Example for FSM Faculty discretion
CH8.3 =
CH8.4 =
Post CH SS7 SS7.1 Compare & Contrast FSM, State
Charts & Petri Nets
SS7.2 Using the FSM Model
HW8 None
LE8 None
QZ8 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 9
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL8.1 Model Based Testing – Systems T1 Chapter 17
RL8.2 Model Based Testing – System of Systems T1 Chapter 17 & T2 Chapter 5
RL8.3 Example T1 Chapter 17 & Lecture
Notes
RL8.4 Cases Study T1 Chapter 17 & Lecture
Notes
During CH CH9 CH9.1 = Explain and discuss Systems of T1 17.2
systems Types
CH9.2 = Examples of Systems of Systems
Post CH SS8 SS8.1 Explore Systems of Systems around us
HW9 None
LE9 None
QZ9 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 10 (Review Session)
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH All QR QR1 to QR8 These are all Quick Review
videos Sessions
During CH CH10 CH10.1 = Review of Modules 1 to 8
CH10.2 = Problem solving and Q&A
Post CH SS10 At the faculty discretion
HW10 None
LE10 None
QZ10 At the faculty discretion
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 11
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL9.1 OO Software & OO Software test – Lecture Notes & T1 Chapter
Introduction & Overview 15
RL9.2 Issues in Testing OO Software T1 Chapter 15
RL9.3 OO Unit Testing T1 Chapter 15
RL9.4 Examples T1 Chapter 15 & Lecture
Notes
During CH CH11 CH11.1 = Discuss implications of T1 15.1.2
Composition & Encapsulation on from Test
Perspective T1 15.3.4
CH11.2 = Discuss implications of Addition info at Faculty
Inheritance & Polymorphism from Test discretion
Perspective
Post CH SS9 SS9.1 OO Test methods for a program
SS9.2 Review of a OO Framework (Qt/GTK)
and OO Testing
HW11 None
LE11 None
QZ11 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 12
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL10.1 OO Integration Testing T1 Chapter 15
RL10.2 OO System Testing T1 Chapter 15
RL10.3 OO – GUI Testing T1 Chapter 15 & Lecture
Notes
RL10.4 Examples & Cases T1 Chapter 15 & Lecture
Notes
During CH CH12 CH12.1 = Discuss Framework for OO T1 15.4.3
integration testing
CH12.2 = Discuss Use Case based System T1 15.5.1
Testing for OO software (Currency converter
program)
Post CH SS10 At Faculty discretion
HW12 None
LE12 None
QZ12 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 13
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL11.1 Integration Testing – Introduction, Overview T1 Chapter 13
& Issues
RL11.2 Integration Testing – Types & Strategies T1 Chapter 13
RL11.3 Examples T1 Chapter 13
RL11.4 Cases T1 Chapter 13 & Lecture
Notes
During CH CH13 CH13.1 = Examples of Call Graph Based T1 13.2
Integration T1 13.3
CH13.2 = Examples of Path Based
Integration
Post CH SS13 SS11.1 Integration strategies for a GUI
program
HW13 None
LE13 None
QZ13 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 14
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL12.1 System Testing – Introduction, Overview & T1 Chapter 14
Issues
RL12.2 Systems Testing – Types, Techniques & T1 Chapter 14
Strategies
RL12.3 Examples T1 Chapter 14 & Lecture
Notes
During CH CH14 CH14.1 = Coverage Metrics for System T1 14.7
Testing T1 14.9
CH14.2 = Non Functional System Testing
CH14.3 =
CH14.4 =
Post CH SS12 At faculty discretion
HW14 None
LE14 None
QZ14 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 15
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL13.1 Life-Cycle Based Testing – Overview and T1 Chapter 11
Perspective
RL13.2 Life-Cycles – Water fall, Iterative, and Agile T1 Chapter 11
RL13.3 Implications and issues, Strategies & Models T1 Chapter 11
RL13.4 Example and Case Lecture Notes
During CH CH15 CH15.1 = Discuss Agile methods and Take up an exercise in class
processes for Test Engineers (TDD, XP, for team understanding with
Scrum) use of a sport or a team game
CH15.2 =
CH15.3 =
CH15.4 =
Post CH SS13 SS13.1 Agile Methodologies – Mechanisms
and Tools
HW15 None
LE15 None
QZ15 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 16
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL14.1 Test Adequacy – Need & Overview T2 Chapter 7
RL14.2 Test Adequacy Assessment – Data Flow T2 Chapter 7
During CH CH16 CH16.1 = Concepts, Adequacy criteria for T2 7.3/7.4
data flow – focus on examples
Post CH SS14 At faculty discretion
HW16 None
LE16 None
QZ16 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 17
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL14.3 Test Adequacy Assessment – Control Flow T2 Chapter 7
RL14.4 Examples & Cases T2 Chapter 7 & Lecture Notes
During CH CH17 CH17.1 = Concepts, Adequacy criteria for T2 7.2
control flow – focus on examples
Post CH SS17 At faculty discretion
HW17 None
LE17 None
QZ17 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 18
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL15.1 Need, Motivation & Techniques T2 Chapter 9
RL15.2 Regression Testing – Test Selection T2 Chapter 9
(Execution Trace)
RL15.3 Regression Testing – Test Selection T2 Chapter 9
(Dynamic Slicing)
During CH CH19 CH19.1 = Execution Trace Example T2 9.5
CH19.2 = Dynamic Slicing example T2 9.6
Post CH SS15 SS15.1 Compare and Contrast Execution
Trace & Dynamic Slicing
HW19 None
LE19 None
QZ18 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 19
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH RL16.1 Minimization, Prioritization & Optimization T2 Chapter 9
Techniques
RL16.2 Test Selection Algorithms T2 Chapter 9
RL16.3 Examples T2 Chapter 9
During CH CH19 CH19.1 = Pairwise – OATS as a reduction T2 6.6 & 6.8
technique T2 6.4
CH19.2 = Latin Squares
Post CH SS16 SS16.1 Compare and Contrast use of
combinatorial techniques for test reduction
HW19 None
LE19 None
QZ19 Suitable quiz may be designed for the topics
covered
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 20
Time Type Description Content Reference
Pre CH All QR QR9 to QR16 These are all Quick Review
videos Sessions
During CH CH20 CH20.1 = Review of Modules 9 to 16
CH20.2 = Problem solving and Q&A
Post CH SS20 At the faculty discretion
HW20 None
LE20 None
QZ20 At the faculty discretion
Lab Reference
Contact Hour 21, 22: Review
Evaluation Scheme:
Legend: EC = Evaluation Component; AN = After Noon Session; FN = Fore Noon Session
No Name Type Duration Weight Day, Date, Session, Time
EC-1 Quizzes / Assignments 5% To be announced
EC-2 Mid-Semester Test Closed 2 hours 30% To be announced
Book
EC-3 Comprehensive Exam Open Book 3 hours 50% To be announced
Note - Evaluation components can be tailored depending on the proposed model.
Important Information:
Syllabus for Mid-Semester Test (Closed Book): Topics in CS 1-5.
Syllabus for Comprehensive Exam (Open Book): All topics given in plan of study
Evaluation Guidelines:
1. For Closed Book tests: No books or reference material of any kind will be permitted.
Laptops/Mobiles of any kind are not allowed. Exchange of any material is not allowed.
2. For Open Book exams: Use of prescribed and reference text books, in original (not photocopies) is
permitted. Class notes/slides as reference material in filed or bound form is permitted. However,
loose sheets of paper will not be allowed. Use of calculators is permitted in all exams.
Laptops/Mobiles of any kind are not allowed. Exchange of any material is not allowed.
3. If a student is unable to appear for the Regular Test/Exam due to genuine exigencies, the student
should follow the procedure to apply for the Make-Up Test/Exam. The genuineness of the reason for
absence in the Regular Exam shall be assessed prior to giving permission to appear for the Make-up
Exam. Make-Up Test/Exam will be conducted only at selected exam centres on the dates to be
announced later.
It shall be the responsibility of the individual student to be regular in maintaining the self-study schedule as
given in the course handout, attend the lectures, and take all the prescribed evaluation components such as
Assignment/Quiz, Mid-Semester Test and Comprehensive Exam according to the evaluation scheme
provided in the handout.
