THEME : MATTER IN NATURE
LEARNING AREA : 1. LAND AND ITS RESOURCES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1.1Analysing the various minerals found in the Earth crust
1.2Understanding the reactions between metals and non- metals
1.3Understanding silicon compounds
1.4Analysing calcium compounds.
1.5Analysing natural fuel resources and their importance.
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TOPIC 23 LAND AND ITS RESOURCES
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1.
The figure above shows the effect of heat on cockle shells.
(a) (i) What change can be observed in the lime water?
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(ii) What reacts with the lime water to cause the change in (a)(i)?
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(b) Cockle shells contain calcium carbonate. Write a chemical equation in words to
represent the effect of heat on cockle shells.
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(c) State three elements contained in cockle shells.
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(d) Give an example of a natural substance which can be used to replace the cockle
shells in this experiment.
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(e) Water is dropped onto heated cockle shells. The solution formed is then tested
with red litmus paper. What can be observed of the red litmus paper?
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2.
The figure above shows a series of experiments to produce a solution of a type of
calcium compound.
(a) What will happen to the limestone when heated strongly in X?
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(b) What can be observed when drops of water are put on the solid product
of heating in Y?
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(c) Name the substance formed in Y.
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(d) Name the solution produced in Z.
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(e) State the use of the solution produced in Z.
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3.
The apparatus in the figure above is set up to study the reaction of metals with oxygen.
The results of the experiment are shown in the table below.
(a) State the function of potassium(VII) manganate crystals.
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(b) What variables are involved in this experiment?
(i) Variable that is kept constant:
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(ii) Variable that is manipulated:
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(iii) Variable that responds:
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(c) State the relationship between the manipulated variable and the variable that
responds.
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(d) What substances are produced in this experiment?
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(e) Write the chemical reaction in words to represent the reaction between
aluminium and oxygen.
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4. The below diagram shows an experiment set up by a student.
(a) What is the aim of this experiment?
[1 mark]
(b) State the purpose of using glass wool during the heating process.
[1 mark]
(c) Name the fractions that can be obtained from this process.
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
(d) Suggest a relationship between the boiling point of the fraction and
its viscosity.
[1 mark]
its colour.
[1 mark]
the amount of soot produced.
[1 mark]
(e) Give two conclusions from this experiment?
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
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5 The below diagram shows an experiment to determine the effect of heat on a metal
sulphide.
(a) Name the gas evolved.
[1 mark]
(b) Give one characterisic of the gas.
[1 mark]
Predict your observation in this experiment.
[1 mark]
Explain your answer in (c)(i)
[1 mark]
(d) Write a word equation to show the reaction in this experiment.
[1 mark]
(e) Name the process of reducing metal oxides to metal by heating with carbon.
[1 mark]
(f) Give one purpose of the use of the experiment.
[1 mark]
6.0 Petroleum is separated into useful components using a fractional column as shown in
the figure below.
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(a) Name the fractions labelled
w :
x :
y :
z :
[2 marks]
(b) Name one use of the output at:
w
[1 mark]
z
[1 mark]
Is petroleum a mixture or compound?
[1 mark]
Explain your answer in (c)(i).
[1 mark]
(d) Give two elements in the petroleum fractions.
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
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OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. A mixture of zinc and sulphur is heated. Which of the following equations represents the
reaction that occurs?
A Zinc + Sulphur → Zinc sulphate
B Zinc + Sulphur → Zinc oxide
C Zinc + Sulphur → Zinc silicate
D Zinc + Sulphur → Zinc sulphide
2. When magnesium carbonate is heated, it decomposes into substance X and gas Y. What
are substance X and gas Y?
X Y
A Magnesium oxide Carbon dioxide
B Magnesium sulphide Sulphur dioxide
C Magnesium chloride Carbon dioxide
D Magnesium bicarbonate Carbon dioxide
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3.
The equation above shows the neutralisation reaction between silica and alkali. State the
neutralisation product X.
A Water
B Oxygen
C Carbon dioxide
D Silicon
4.
The equation above shows the formation of slaked lime. What is X?
A Carbon dioxide
B Lime water
C Quicklime
D Limestone
5. Which of the following compounds are hydrocarbon compounds?
I Petroleum
II Coal
III Natural gas
A I and II only
B I and III only
C II and III only
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D I, II and III
6.
The figure above shows potassium permanganate being heated until the iron filings glow.
The gas that is released during the reaction can be tested using
A lime water
B a glowing wood splint
C sodium hydroxide
D acidified potassium permanganate solution
7.
The figure above shows the fractional distillation of petroleum that is carried out in a
laboratory. Of the following, which is the characteristic of the petroleum fractions that
vapourise first?
A Brown in colour, produces soot
B Very viscous, produces less soot
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C Difficult to burn, very viscous
D Produces less soot, less viscous
8. Fractional distillation is used to separate hydrocarbon components in petroleum because
all the hydrocarbons have
A different melting points
B different boiling points
C different densities
D different chemical energies
9.
The figure above shows potassium carbonate being heated and liquid X being used to test
the gas released from the reaction. Liquid X is probably
I lime water
II hydrogen bicarbonate solution
III potassium permanganate solution
A I and II only
B I and III only
C II and III only
D I, II and III
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10.
The table above shows the reactivity of metals P, Q, R and S in oxygen. Which of the
following shows the sequence of reactivity of these metals in ascending order?
A Q, R, P, S
B R, G, S, P
C S, R, Q, P
D S, P, R, Q
11.
The figure above shows an experiment to study a chemical reaction. It is known that
substance X is formed from calcium, carbon and oxygen. Which of the following test
substances can be used as substance Y to test for gas released in the experiment?
A Limewater
B Cobalt chloride
C Potassium dichromate solution
D Acidified potassium permanganate
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12 The figure below shows the fractional distillation of petroleum.
Which of the following can be R, S and T?
R S T
A Gasoline Kerosene Diesel oil
B Petrol Diesel oil Kerosene
C Gasoline Diesel oil Lubricating oil
D Diesel oil Gasoline Kerosene
13 The below diagram shows three types of fossil fuels.
Which of the above fossil fuels are usually found together?
A Coal and natural gas only
B Coal and petroleum only
C Natural gas and petroleum only
D Coal, natural gas and petroleum
14 Fossil fuel is an important source of energy.
Fossil fuel
Which of the following is not an example of fossil fuel?
A Coal
B Biomass
C Petroleum
D Natural gas
15 Calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide are calcium compounds.
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P Q
Calcium oxide Calcium hydroxide
What represents P and Q?
P Q
A Quicklime Slaked lime
B Limewater Slaked lime
C Quicklime Limewater
D Limewater Quicklime
16 The figure below shows an experiment to investigate the property of calcium
carbonate.
The gas released from the heating of the calcium carbonate powder turns the
limewater cloudy. What conclusion can be drawn from the observation?
A Calcium carbonate is insoluble in water.
B Calcium carbonate reacts with acid to produce salt, water and carbon dioxide.
C Calcium carbonate becomes calcium oxide when heated strongly.
D Calcium carbonate releases carbon dioxide on strong heating.
17 The figure below shows an experiment to determine the properties of two
compounds, K and L.
Which of the following statements are true?
I K represents a silicon compound.
II L represents a metal carbonate.
III K does not decompose when heated.
A I, II and III
B I and III only
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C II and III only
D I and II only
18 The figure blow shows an experiment to investigate the reaction of metals with
oxygen.
Which of the following statements are true?
I R and S represents asbestos paper and potassium manganate (VII) crystals.
II The function of S is to provide oxygen when heated.
III Zinc reacts more actively with oxygen than magnesium.
A I, II and III
B I and II only
C I and III only
D II and III only
19. K, L, M and N are metals.
K L M N
Aluminum Lead Magnesium Iron
The metals arranged in the order of increasing activity with oxygen is
A K, N, L, M
B L, N, K, M
C L, M, K, N
D M, N, K, L
20. The below diagram shows the flame colors of two metals when reacting with oxygen.
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What metals can R and S be?
R S
A Zinc Magnesium
B Magnesium Aluminum
C Aluminum Zinc
D Iron Magnesium
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