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88 views10 pages2018 Jan PDF
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CONFIDENTIAL EMIJAN 2018/MEC521
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE VIBRATIONS
COURSE CODE : MEC521
EXAMINATION : JANUARY 2018
TIME 3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. This question paper consists of five (5) questions
2, Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page.
3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilatr.
4. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of
i) the Question Paper
ii) an Answer Booklet — provided by the Faculty
i) a two-page Appendix
5 ‘Answer ALL questions in English
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
This examination paper consists oF 6 printed pages
(© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 2 EM/JAN 2018/MEC521
QUESTION 1
a) What is the magnitude of the static deflection of the spring in Figure Q1(b) when it is
used in the system?
[CO2/PO3/C2] (4 marks)
b) A simple undamped spring mass system is set into motion from rest by giving it an
initial displacement
i) Draw the free body diagram of the system by showing all active forces acting
on the body.
[CO2/PO3/C2] (3 marks)
ii) Obtain the equation of motion of the system by using x as the generalized
coordinate.
[CO2/PO3IC4] (3 marks)
ii) Find the natural frequency of the system.
[CO2/PO3/C4] (3 marks)
Figure Q1(b)
(© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA, CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 3 EM/JAN 2018/MEC521
©) _ The response to an initial excitation of a system is shown in Figure Q1(c). Based on
Figure Q1(c), estimate:
’) the damping ratio of the system.
[C02/PO3IC4] (4 marks)
ji) the damped natural frequency.
[CO2/PO3/C4] (3 marks)
0a,
OU 2a 4a ese a
time «@)
Figure Q1(c)
(© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL, CONFIDENTIAL 4 EM/JAN 2018/MECS21
QUESTION 2
Consider the mechanical system as shown in Figure Q2
a)
b)
Draw the free body diagram of the system.
[CO2/PO3/C2] (4 marks)
‘Show that the equation of motion of the system is (m + <4) # + cx + 3kx = “¢coswt.
[CO2/PO3/C2] (4 marks)
Based on the values given, determine the natural frequency and damping ratio of the
system
[CO2/PO3/C4] (4 marks)
Find the frequency ratio r, magnification factor M, and steady state amplitude X, of the
block.
[CO2/PO3/C4] (4 marks)
Suggest what are possible ways to reduce the response magnitude of x(t).
[CO2IPO3/C4] (4 marks)
Mocoswot
10 m
1.0kg.m?
10kg
6 x 10° N/m
280 Ns/m
Mo = 100N/m
@ = 180 rad/s
Figure Q2
(© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA, CONFIDENTIAL, CONFIDENTIAL 5 EM/JAN 2018/MEC521
QUESTION 3
A 15 kg computer system, used for data acquisition and data reduction in a laboratory, is
placed on a table which is bolted to the floor. Due to the operation of surrounding rotating
equipment, the floor has vibration amplitude of 0.25 mm at a frequency of 30 Hz. The table
can be modeled as a spring of stiffness 1.5 x 10°N/m with a damping ratio of 0.1.
a) Find the natural frequency, a and frequency ratio, r
[CO2IPO3/C2] (4 marks)
b) Find the steady state absolute displacement of the computer.
{CO2/PO3/C4] (4 marks)
©) Obtain the dynamic force on the computer system.
[CO2/PO3/C4] (4 marks)
d) Whatis the steady state acceleration amplitude of the computer system?
[CO2IPO3/C4] (4 marks)
) Suggest one way to reduce the transmitted vibration amplitude to the computer
system.
[CO2/PO3/C4] (4 marks)
(© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL 6 EM/JAN 2018/MEC521
QUESTION 4
A disk of mass m kg and radius r m that rolls without slippage is attached to a block of mass
‘m kg as shown in Figure Q4.
a) _ Draw the free body diagram of both bodies clearly showing the active forces.
[CO2/PO3/C2] (5 marks)
b) _ Use either Newton's Law or Lagrange’s method to derive the equations of motion using
generalised coordinate x, and x2.
[CO2/PO3/C4] (5 marks)
©) Find the natural frequency and the mode shape (vector) if m = 1 kg, k = 10 N/m and
r=0.1m.
[CO2/PO3/C4] (5 marks)
d) Obtain the response of x,(t) only, if x,(0) = 0.01 m, x2(0) = 0m, %(0) = Omls, and
(0) = O mis.
[CO2/PO3/C4] (5 marks)
2k
SS
4 No slip
Figure Q4
‘© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA. CONFIDENTIAL, CONFIDENTIAL 7 EM/JAN 2018/MEC521
QUESTION 5
a) Asshaft carrying two rotating disks of masses m, = 20 kg and m,= 35 kg as shown in
Figure Q5(a). Assume that the deflections of the bearings and gyroscopic effect of the
disks are negligible. Take E = 209 x 10? Nim’.
i) Find the flexibility influence coefficients of the system.
[CO2IPO3/C4] (5 marks)
ii) Determine the natural frequency of the system using Dunkerley's method.
{CO2/PO3IC4] (5 marks)
20 mm dia, 35kg
20 kg
150 mm 150 mm
600 mm
Figure Q5(a)
(© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA. CONFIDENTIAL, CONFIDENTIAL 8 EMIJAN 2018/MEC521
b) Determine leq and keg for an equivalent system model of the system of Figure Q5(b)
using @, the clockwise displacement of the pulley, as generalized coordinate. Then
obtain the natural frequency of the system in terms of symbol given in the
Figure Q5(b).
[CO2/PO3/C4] (10 marks)
2k
Www
Figure Q5(b)
m,
END OF QUESTION PAPER
(© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknolog! MARA, CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL APPENDIX 4 EMIJAN 2018/MEC521
‘Some useful equations for vibrations analysis
Free vibration of an undamped system i+w2x = 0; x(t) =x, COS Wy t + Bsinoyt
; Wg = WT =F
For 0 <¢ <1; x(t) = e~Fnt(A, coswy t + Ap sin wg t)
For =1; x(t) = (4; + t,)e~ont
For {> 1; x(t) = Aye CNP Dent 4 4, @ VE Dont
Free vibration with damping system m¥ + cx + kx =
Logarithmic decrement, 5 =
Forced vibration of undamped system mitkx = Fy cos wt;
(0) = Ay COS @qt + Az sin ant +
x
Magnification factor, M = * =
Fo '
pcos wi
k=a%m
Forced vibration of damped system mi + cx" kx = Fy cost;
xp(t) = Xcos(wt — @) where X = ———* __ and @ = tan
p earmyroape
eo)
Forced damped vibration from base excitation
mi +c(é-9) + k(@e-y) =0
= _ K+ (ew)® 2 _ ~ mew*
Ap (0 = Ksin(wt — $) where X= ¥ [Ea] and @ = tan [ee]
Forced damped vibration from unbalance force
Mi + ci + kx = mew*sin wt
ear
amy care
and $ = tan”
Xp (0) = Xsin(wt ~ $) where X =
Lagrange's Equation, # (27) — 2
Eigenvector/ Eigenvalue, {a{N]~ [k]-*[M}x = 0,4 = 2.
Dunkeriey's Formula, 2
Gy My + GggMy + +danMy
Bt
Ema?
Rayleigh’s Quotient, o? = EM a,
(© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL, CONFIDENTIAL
Deflections of beams
Cantilever Beam
$a
= —+
i
Simply Supported Beam
P
fre |
-———
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA,
EMIJAN 2018/MEC521
APPENDIX 2
a ery Ost
El
wa) = Pa®
Gatos asst
O
