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Reynolds Transport Theorem

1) The Reynolds Transport Theorem relates the rate of change of an extensive property within a control volume to the net transport of that property across the control surface. 2) It states that the time rate of change of a property within the control volume equals the net transport of that property through the control surface plus any property generated within the control volume. 3) The theorem allows analyzing systems with moving control volumes and is used to derive equations like the conservation of mass, linear momentum, and energy in fluid dynamics.

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460 views2 pages

Reynolds Transport Theorem

1) The Reynolds Transport Theorem relates the rate of change of an extensive property within a control volume to the net transport of that property across the control surface. 2) It states that the time rate of change of a property within the control volume equals the net transport of that property through the control surface plus any property generated within the control volume. 3) The theorem allows analyzing systems with moving control volumes and is used to derive equations like the conservation of mass, linear momentum, and energy in fluid dynamics.

Uploaded by

Nati Fernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Reynolds Transport Theorem

A control volume is a fixed region in space (CV) If an extensive property (mass, volume, size) leaves de CV:
∞ ∞
The control surface (CS) surrounds the CV (it is the boundary) 𝐵 b= intensive
𝐵̇ = ∫ 𝑏𝑑𝑀 = ∫ 𝑏𝜌𝑉 ⃗ 𝑑𝐴 𝑏 =
𝐶𝑆 𝐶𝑆 𝑚 B= Extensive
Example for B:
A system is a collection of matters of fixed identity.
B b = B/M For the system:
Mass m 1 𝒅𝑩𝑺𝒚𝒔 𝒅 ∞ ∞
= ∫ 𝒃𝝆𝒅∀ + ∫ 𝒃𝝆(𝑽 ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ∗ 𝒏
̂ ) 𝒅𝑨
Linear mV V 𝒅𝒕 𝒅𝒕 𝒄𝒗 𝒄𝒗
Momentum Time rate of Time rate of Net flow of B
Kinetic 1 1 2 change of B in change of B in from cv
𝑚𝑉 2 𝑉 the sys
energy 2 2 the CV
̂ 𝐢𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐧𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐥 𝐯𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐂𝐒
∗∗ 𝐧
- (-), when V enters the CV
- (+), when outflow from CV
- If flow is parallel to surface 𝑉 ∗ n = 0
Mass conservation
𝐵 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 Let’s assume it is Steady
𝑑
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 ∫ 𝜌𝑑∀= 0
𝑑𝑡 𝑐𝑣
𝑏= =1 𝑑(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠)
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =0
⃗ ∗ 𝑛)𝑑𝐴
𝑆𝑌𝑆 = ∫𝑐𝑠 𝜌(𝑉
𝑑𝑡
And Transport theorem says
𝑑(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠) 𝒅 If the flow is 1D and steady
𝑆𝑌𝑆 = ∫ 𝝆𝒅∀ + ∫ 𝝆(𝑽 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 0
⃗ ∗ 𝒏)𝒅𝑨 0 = ∑𝑐𝑠 𝜌(𝑉 ⃗ ∗ 𝐴)
𝑑𝑡 𝒅𝒕 𝒄𝒗 𝒄𝒔
Or
Mass accumulation Net mass flux through
𝑚̇𝑖𝑛 = 𝑚̇𝑜𝑢𝑡 → 𝜌1 𝑉1 𝐴1 = 𝜌2 𝑉2 𝐴2 = 𝑮
CS
G=mass flowrate (kg/s)
rate in CV
Because the definition of system, the mass does not change for
If it is incompressible, steady flow
a system, because we are following the same particles.
𝝆𝒊𝒏 = 𝝆𝒐𝒖𝒕 → 𝑉1 𝐴1 = 𝑉2 𝐴2 = 𝑸
Q = volumetric flow (m3/s)

Newton 2nd law and Conservation of linear momentum


𝐵 = 𝑃⃗ = 𝑚𝑉
⃗ Reynolds´s theorem:
𝑏=𝑉 ⃗ 𝑑𝑃⃗ 𝑑
( ) = (∫ 𝑉 ⃗ 𝜌𝑑∀) + ∫ 𝑉 ⃗ 𝜌(𝑽 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ∑ 𝐹
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑹 ∗ 𝑛)𝑑𝐴
𝑑𝑇 𝑑𝑡 𝑐𝑣 𝑐𝑠
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑑(𝑃)
= ∑ 𝐹 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 + ∑ 𝐹 𝑏𝑜𝑑𝑦 ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑉𝑅 = 𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝐶𝑉 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑
𝑑𝑡
- If CV doesn´t move ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑉𝑅 = 𝑉⃗
A CV is coincent with the system - If CV does move with velocity⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑉𝐶 → ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗ − ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑉𝑅 = 𝑉 𝑉𝐶
Steady flow:
∑ 𝐹 = ∫ −𝑝𝑛̂𝑑𝐴𝑐 (𝑁) + ∫ −𝜏𝑑 𝐴𝑐 (𝑁) + ∫ 𝜌 𝐹𝑚 𝑑∀ (N)
⃗ 𝜌(𝑉
∫ 𝑉 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ∑ 𝐹
⃗ ∗ 𝑛)𝑑𝐴
Surface forces body force 𝑐𝑠
Incompressible fluid
𝑑
(𝜌 ∫ 𝑉 ⃗ 𝑑∀) + ∫ 𝑉 ⃗ (𝑉 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ∑ 𝐹
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑅 ∗ 𝑛)𝑑𝐴
𝑑𝑡 𝑐𝑣 𝑐𝑠
Boussinesq Coefficient

1st law of thermodynamics and conservation of energy


RTT

Arreglandola un poco
𝑢(𝑇) depends on absolute T°

Specific energy:

Energy :
When energy in CV does not change over time

Reynolds Transport Theorem In streamtube:


b=e

and Δ𝐸 = Δ𝐶− Δ𝑊
∆𝑊 = ∆𝑊𝑓 + ∆𝑊𝑒
Wf: Flows mechanical work We: Useful work to the outside

If the system is adiabatic and isothermal (C=u(T)=0)

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