Official Exam Practice Materials 2016-2017

 PROBLEM 1: STRESS
PRACTICE 1
MOCK TEST 2017 – 03
1. A. financial B. fortunate C. marvellous D. physical
2. A. prepare B. survive C. finish D. appear
MOCK TEST 2017 – 02
1. A. bamboo B. forget C. deserve D. channel
2. A. endanger B. furniture C. determine D. departure
MOCK TEST 2017 – 01
1. A. offer B. canoe C. country D. standard
2. A. pollution B. computer C. currency D. allowance
THPT QG 2016
1. A. inflation B. maximum C. applicant D. character
2. A. compulsory B. biography C. curriculum D. admirable
3. A. struggle B. anxious C. confide D. comfort
THPT QG 2015
1. A. recipe B. candidate C. instrument D. commitment
2. A. conceal B. contain C. conserve D. conquer
3. A. advantageous B. oceanic C. compulsory D. influential
DH2014
1. A. sovereignty B. advantage C. enrichment D. edition
2. A. considerate B. continental C. territorial D. economic
3. A. index B. commit C. preview D. open
4. A. specify B. illustrate C. interact D. fertilize
5. A. habitat B. attendance C. candidate D. wilderness
CD2014
1. A. activity B. intelligence C. observation D. development
2. A. arrangement B. temperature C. victory D. envelope
3. A. bamboo B. hello C. hotel D. beauty
4. A. wonderful B. confident C. regular D. impressive
5. A. attract B. marry C. demand D. connect
DH2014 (A1)
1. A. survive B. enlarge C. struggle D. occur
2. A. preservative B. conventional C. reliable D. intellectual
3. A. property B. customer C. computer D. energy
4. A. environment B. technology C. predominance D. superstition
5. A. popular B. impatient C. decisive D. observant
CD2013
1. A. independence B. experiment C. individual D. reputation
2. A. physical B. musical C. possible D. domestic
3. A. alive B. ancient C. central D. vacant
4. A. answer B. reduce C. product D. product
5. A. poverty B. pottery C. decision D. astronaut
DH2012
1. A. characterize B. facility C. irrational D. variety
2. A. traditional B. majority C. appropriate D. electrician
3. A. depend B. vanish C. decay D. attack
4. A. elephant B. agreement C. mineral D. violent
5. A. accountant B. professor C. develop D. typical
DH2012(A1)
1. A. amaze B. damage C. release D. believe
2. A. socialize B. memory C. tradition D. animal
3. A. biology B. ability C. interactive D. inaccurate
4. A. actor B. career C. rubbish D. cocktail
5. A. similar B. attractive C. chemical D. calculate
DH2011

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1. A. represent B. permanent C. sentiment D. continent

2. A. future B. involve C. prospect D. guidance
3. A. accuracy B. fabulous C. immediate D. optimist
4. A. facilitate B. intimacy C. participate D. hydrology
5. A. reduction B. popular C. romantic D. financial
DH2010
1. A. organism B. attraction C. prevention D. engagement
2. A. popularity B. laboratory C. documentary D. politician
3. A. imagine B. inhabit C. continue D. disappear
4. A. periodic B. electric C. suspicious D. contagious
5. A. advertise B. advantage C. adventure D. adverbial
CD 2010
1. A. tennis B. into C. between D. country
2. A. difficulty B. simplicity C. discovery D. commodity
3. A. traditional B. residential C. expectation D. competition
4. A. command B. secure C. pretend D. leisure
5. A. family B. attractive C. marvelous D. industry
DH2009
1. A. protect B. settle C. relate D. compose
2. A. elephant B. buffalo C. mosquito D. dinosaur
3. A. supervisor B. dictionary C. catastrophe D. agriculture
4. A. abnormal B. innocent C. initial D. impatient
5. A. fashionable B. convenient C. significant D. traditional
DH2008
1. A. apply B. persuade C. reduce D. differ
2. A. industrial B. congratulate C. preferential D. development
3. A. president B. physicist C. inventor D. property
4. A. economy B. unemployment C. communicate D. particular
5. A. recommend B. volunteer C. understand D. potential
CD2008
1. A. process B. factor C. receive D. proper
2. A. possession B. politics C. refusal D. decision
3. A. authority B. mathematics C. particular D. community
CD2007
1. A. comprehend B. religion C. understand D. engineer
2. A. suppose B. attract C. forecast D. prefer
DH2006
1. A. equality B. difficulty C. simplicity D. discovery
2. A. tenant B. common C. rubbish D. machine
3. A. animal B. bacteria C. habitat D. pyramid
4. A. writer B. teacher C. builder D. career
5. A. company B. atmosphere C. customer D. employment
DH2005
1. A. calculator B. language C. comprehend D. institute
2. A. challenge B. counter C. guardian D. explain
3. A. astonished B. obstacle C. disposal D. apparent
4. A. advertiser B. history C. difficulty D. adventurous
5. A. alternative B. impetus C. encestry D. dividend

DH2004
1. A. advance B. ancient C. cancer D. annual
2. A. theory B. tragedy C. invent D. government
3. A. inspire B. wealthy C. protect D. extinct
4. A. simplicity B. contribute C. electricity D. activity
5. A. mathematics B. statistics C. academy D. mechanic

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PRACTICE 02
01. A. demonstrative B. preferential C. extravagant D. monopoly
02. A. prejudice B. personnel C. horoscope D. Impetus
03. A. legitimate B. sabotage C. ancestor D. prosecute
04. A. luxuriance B. documentary C. sympathetic D. recommend
05. A. necessary B. Necessarily C. ambuscade D. economic
06. A. decimeter B. abacus C. photographer D. revenue
07. A. fertile B. comparable C. cumulative D. mistake
08. A. photograph B. monetarism C. diabetes D. educator
09. A. suffragette B. gastronomy C. comprehensible D. ascertain
10. A. triangle B. voluntary C. personify D. communism
11. A. wholesales B. hello C. grammatically D. thermometer
12. A. liberator B. canary C. canal D. although
13. A. interpol B. preferable C. nationalism D. adolescent
14. A. magnificent B. significant C. percentage D. pragmatism
15. A. engineer B. picturesque C. environmentalist D. cigarette.
 PROBLEM 2: SOUNDS
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part is pronounced
differently from that of the rest in each of the following questions.
2014 01: A. near B. clear C. bear D. hear
2014 02: A. believes B. maintains C. rejects D. confides
2014 03: A. high B. cough C. laugh D. enough
2013 04: A. university B. understand C. discussion D. industrial
2013 05: A. sort B. seem C. sun D. sure
2013 06: A. conserved B. approached C. borrowed D. complained
2012 07: A. water B. determine C. penalty D. question
2012 08: A. steps B. tourists C. symbols D. banks
2012 09: A. compete B. medal C. intend D. defend
2011 10: A. punish B. efficient C. infectious D. describe
2011 11: A. message B. passage C. sausage D. teenage
2011 12: A. challenge B. characteristic C. chemical D. Christmas
2010 13: A. accompany B. simplify C. supply D. qualify
2010 14: A. reformed B. appointed C. stayed D. installed
2010 15: A. initiate B. contain C. domestic D. attentive
2010 16: A. household B. associate C. colony D. enclose
2010 17: A. cough B. weight C. might D. though
2009 18: A. thought B. laugh C. eight D. high
2009 19: A. promise B. despite C. economize D. enterprise
2009 20: A. already B. ease C. appeal D. team
2009 21: A. scholar B. aching C. chemist D. approach
2009 22: A. decided B. engaged C. expected D. attracted
2008 23: A. think B. this C. those D. there
2008 24: A. crops B. farmers C. vehicles D. fields
2008 25: A. leader B. instead C. deafness D. headache
2008 26: A. stopped B. followed C. rained D. believed
2008 27: A. slow B. power C. town D. how
2007 28: A. golden B. grove C. chosen D. cover
2007 29: A. sunrise B. shut C. business D. summer
2007 30: A. lose B. women C. prove D. movie
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the
other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
M2017 1: A. wanted B. stopped C. decided D. hated
M2017 2: A. century B. culture C. secure D. applicant
2016 03: A. laughs B. drops C. maintains D. imports
2016 04: A. justice B. campus C. culture D. brush
2015 05: A. deal B. teach C. break D. clean

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2015 06: A. supported B. approached C. noticed D. finished

2013 07: A. species B. invent C. medicine D. tennis
2013 08: A. superstar B. harvest C. particular D. part
2013 09: A. exact B. examine C. eleven D. elephant
2013 10: A. work B. stork C. force D. form
2013 11: A. aboard B. keyboard C. cupboard D. overboard
2013 12: A. reign B. reindeer C. protein D. vein
2013 13: A. pressure B. assure C. assist D. possession
2012CD 14: A. faithful B. certain C. attain D. plain
2012CD 15: A. started B. determined C. maintained D. survived
2012CD 16: A. treatment B. repeat C. teaching D. weather
2012CD 17: A. stimulate B. maximum C. population D. documentary
2012CD 18: A. universal B. reserve C. supply D. sensitive
2011CD 19: A. bushes B. wishes C. researches D. headaches
2011CD 20: A. debt B. climbing C. timber D. lamb
2011CD 21: A. enough B. cough C. thorough D. tough
2011CD 22: A. apply B. maximum C. cactus D. national
2011CD 23: A. funny B. rubbish C. upper D. student
2009CD 24: A. exist B. extinct C. explorer D. expand
2009CD 25: A. eternal B. energy C. eradicate D. eliminate
2009CD 26: A. ancient B. educate C. strange D. address
2009CD 27: A. desert B. reserve C. observant D. conserve
2009CD 28: A. astound B. account C. country D. mounting
2008CD 29: A. final B. writer C. ivory D. widow
2008CD 30: A. passed B. managed C. cleared D. threatened
2007CD 31: A. check B. chemistry C. change D. cheap
2007CD 32: A. zone B. phone C. none D. stone
2007CD 33: A. given B. ridden C. widen D. kitchen
M2017.3 34.A. sale B. chalk C. date D. plane
M2017.3 35.A. toured B. jumped C. solved D. rained

 PROBLEM 03: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

1. Peter would not have been late for the interview if he ______ the bus. (TN 2014)
A. hasn’t missed B. didn’t miss C. hadn’t missed D. doesn’t miss
2. If I were you, I ______ for that intensive English course.(TN 2013)
A. will apply B. would apply C. applied D. apply
3. If she ______ her husband, he couldn’t have finished his project. (TN2012)
A. doesn’t help B. hasn’t helped C. won't help D. hadn’t helped
4. If you didn’t get rid of smoking, ______. (TN2011)
A. your health would be affected B. you will affect your health
C. your health wouldn’t affect D. your health will be affected
5. Without transportation, our modern society _____________ (TN2011)
A. will not exist B. wouldn’t have existed C. would not exist D. won’t be existed
6. ______ the salary meets my expectations, I will accept the job offer. (TN2010)
A. So B. Should C. If D. Although
7. ______, you aren't allowed to go sailing on this lake. (TN2010)
A. Although be able to swim B. Unless you can swim
C. If you weren’t able to swim D. Despite of your swimming
8. If I had the map now, I ______ a short-cut across the desert. (TN2009)
A. could have taken B. take C. can take D. could take
9. If I were you, I __________ her to try the new teaching method. (TN2009)
A. should advise B. will advise C. would advise D. would have advised
10. ______ I were you, I would take a taxi to the airport. (TN2008)
A. If B. Unless C. Because D. When
11. If the weather ______ worse, we won’t go to the beach. (TN2008)

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A. will get B. got C. gets D. would get

12. If I _____ ten years younger, I ____________ yoga everyday. (TN2007)
A. are/will do B. am/would do C. was/would have do D. were/would do
13. If I had time, I _____ to the beach with you this weekend. (TN2007)
A. will go B. will have gone C. would have gone D. would go
14. If I had enough money, _____. (TN2007)
A. I will buy that house B. I could buy that house C. I can buy that house D. I am buy that house
15. Students will not be allowed into the exam room if they ______ their student cards. (2015)
A. produced B. hadn’t produced C. didn’t produce D. don’t produce
16. If she let this chance slip, she ______ it for the rest of her life. (CD2014)
A. would regret B. regrets C. will regret D. would have regretted
17. ______ a few more minutes, we could have finished the task. (A12014)
A. If we had had B. If we have C. If we had D. Unless we had
18. If it had not rained last night, the roads in the city ______ so slippery now. (CD2013)
A. would not be B. must not be C. could not have been D. would not have been
19. I would join that running competition ______. (A1.2013)
A. when I was 5 years older B. if I were 5 years younger
C. if it would happen 5 years ago D. unless I were 5 years younger
20. The children looked as if they ……………..a ghost. (A1. 2013) *
A. would have seen B. had seen C. should see D. would see
21. “What ______ if the earth stopped moving?” (A1.2013)
A. happened B. would happen C. happens D. will happen
22. The bad weather caused serious damage to the crop. If only it ______ warmer. (DH2012) *
A. has been B. had been C. was D. were
23. Had they arrived at the shop earlier, they ______ a better selection of clothes. (CD2011)
A. will find B. would be finding C. would have found D. will have found
24. ______ without animals and plants? (DH2011)
A. What would life on earth be like B. How would life on earth be for
C. What will life on earth be like D. How will life on earth be like
25. If it ______ for the heavy storm, the accident would not have happened. (DH2011)
A. isn’t B. hadn’t been C. were D. weren’t
26. If everyone ______, how would we control the traffic? (DH2010)
A. could fly B. flies C. had flown D. can fly
27. _______, they would have had what they wanted. (CD2008)
A. Unless they arrived at the fair early enough B. If they arrived at the fair early
C. Had they arrived at the fair early D. Supposing they were arriving at the fair early
28. ______, he would have learned how to read. (DH2008)
A. Had he been able to go to school as a child B. If he has been able to go school as a child
C. If he could go to school as a child D. Were he able to go to school as a child
29. I wouldn't have got wet ______. (CD2007)
A. unless I had had an umbrella with me B. if I had had an umbrella with me
C. if I have an umbrella with me D. if I had an umbrella with me
30. If I were in charge, I ______ things differently. (CD2007)
A. will do B. would do C. would have done D. had done
31. If she ______ sick, she would have gone out with me to the party. (DH2007)
A. wasn’t B. hadn’t been C. hasn’t been D. weren’t
32. She will be ill ______. (DH2007)
A. unless she takes a few days’ rest B. in case she takes a few days’ rest
C. if she takes a few days’ rest D. provided she takes a few days’ rest
33. Did you have an argument with Francis?” “If you had been there, you ____ the same.” (MOCT TEST 01)
A. did B. would have done C. had done D. would be
34. If she _______ rich, she would travel around the world.
A. would be B. is C. has been D. were
35. He’ll never pass his driving test ___ he takes some lessons.
A. unless B. if only C. provided D. if
36. If you had taken my advice, you _______ in such difficulties.

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A. won't be B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. wouldn't have been

37. I would appreciate it _______ what I have told you a secret.
A. you can keep B. that you kept C. you will keep D. if you kept
38. My cat would not have bitten the toy fish _______ it was made of rubber.
A. if she has known B. if she should know C. had she known D. if she knew
39. They will stay there for some days if the weather _______ fine.
A. would be B. was C. is D. will be
40. If people ______ after their houses properly, the police wouldn’t have so much work to do.
A. looked B. look C. have looked D. should look
41. ____________any problems, please ring our technicians immediately.
A. If she had B. Should she have C. If she have D. Would she have
42. If we had started earlier, we _____________on the beach at the moment.
A. should be lying B. would have been lying C. would be lying D. could have lain
43. ____________________, I would go alone.
A. If she had come early B. Were she to come late C. If she were coming late D. Were she come late

44. But for your valuable help, we _____________________our work.

A. hadn’t finished B. wouldn’t have finished C. wouldn’t finish D. didn’t finish
45. If I had listened to him, I ___________________this trouble.
A. wouldn’t have had B. wouldn’t have C. will not have D. didn’t have
46. Without your help, I ______ the technical problem with my computer the other day. (THPTQG 2016)
A. wouldn’t solve B. couldn’t have solved C. could solve D. can’t solve
47. ……………….., call our technicians immediately.
A. If there were any problems B. Should there be any problems
C. If there aren’t any problems D. Unless there are some problems
48. If he had followed my advice, he ………………………into this trouble.
A. wouldn’t have gotten B. wouldn’t get C. hadn’t gotten D. won’t get
49. ………….his advice, I would have had a lot of difficulties.
A. If there hadn’t been B. Hadn’t there been C. But for D. Unless
50. If trees don’t get enough sunlight, they …………………………….
A. wouldn’t grow well B. won’t grow well C. they don’t grow well D. they couldn’t grow well

 PROBLEM 04 REPORTED SPEECH

1. My students promised that they would hand in their assignments ______. (TN2014)
A. the previous day B. tomorrow C. yesterday D. the following day
2. They asked me what did happen last night, but I was unable to tell them. (TN2007)
A B C D
3. The librarian told us not _______ reference books out of the library. (TN2007)
A. taking B. to take C. take D. took
4. Do you know when _____? (TN2007)
A. was the accident happening B. the accident was happening
C. did the accident happen D. the accident happened
5. My students promised that they would hand in their assignments ______. (TN2014)
A. the previous day B. tomorrow C. yesterday D. the following day
6. Tom asked Janet where ______ the previous Sunday. (TN2013)
A. she has been B. she had been C. has she been D. had she been
7. Jack asked his sister ______. (TN2010)
A. where you have gone tomorrow B. where she would go the following day
C. where would she go the following day D. where you will go tomorrow
8. Ms Brown asked me ______ in my class. (MOCK TEST 2017-2)
A. there were how many students B. how many students there were
C. were there how many students D. how many students were there
9. “Why don’t we go out for dinner tonight?” said Jim. (MOCK TEST 2017-2)
A. Jim suggested going out for dinner that night. B. Jim refused to go out for dinner that night.

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C. Jim denied going out for dinner that night. D. Jim promised to go out for dinner that night
.

REPORTED SPEECH - SENTENCE TRANSFORM

11. "You got an A in Chemistry. Congratulations!" Peter said to his classmate. (MOCK TEST 2017.3)
A. Peter encouraged his classmate to get an A in Chemistry.
B. Peter persuaded his classmate to get an A in Chemistry.
C. Peter insisted on getting an A in Chemistry for his classmate.
D. Peter congratulated his classmate on getting an A in Chemistry.
12. “You had better see a doctor if the sore throat does not clear up” she said to me. (MOCK TEST 2017)
A. She reminded me of seeing a doctor if the sore throat did not clear up.
B. She ordered me to see a doctor if the sore throat did not clear up.
C. She insisted that I see a doctor unless the sore throat did not clear up.
D. She suggested that I see a doctor if the sore throat did not clear up
13. John wanted to know ______ in my family. (MOCK TEST 2017)
A. there were how many people B. how many people were there
C. were there how many people D. how many people there were
14. “I didn’t break the vase of flowers,” the boy said.
A. The boy denied having broken the vase of flowers. B. the boy admitted having broken the vase of flowers
C. The boy suggested breaking the vase of flowers D. The boy regretted having broken the vase of flowers
15. “Remember to bring your books,” he said. (TN2011)
A. He said I remembered to bring my books. B. He reminded me to bring my books.
C. He warned me against bringing my books. D. He asked me if I remembered to bring my books.
16. “I’m sorry. I didn’t do the homework,” Peter said to the teacher. (THPTQG 2016)
A. Peter apologised to the teacher for not having done the home work.
B. Peter regreted not doing the homework for the teacher.
C. Peter said he was sorry because he failed to do the homework.
D. Peter thanked the teacher for helping him do the homework.
17. “Would you like to come to my 18th birthday party?” he asked me. (THPTQG 2015)
A. He asked me if I like to join his 18th birthday party.
B. He warned me about his 18th birthday party.
C. He invited me to his 18th birthday party.
D. He would like me to come to his 18th birthday party.
18. “Would you like to come to my birthday party, Mary?” said Mike. (TN 2013)
A. Mike didn’t know that Mary had come to his birthday party.
B. Mike was told to come to Mary’s birthday party.
C. Mike invited Mary to come to his birthday party.
D. Mike asked Mary if she didn’t like to come to his birthday party.
19. “Believe me. It’s no use reading that book,” Janet told her boyfriend. (2014 D)
A. Janet tried to convince her boyfriend that the book was not worth reading.
B. Janet opposed her boyfriend’s idea that reading the book was not useful.
C. Janet managed to persuade her boyfriend that reading the book was worthwhile.
D. Janet suggested to her boyfriend that reading the book was useful
20. “If I were you, I would do morning exercise regularly,” said John. (TN 2012)
A. John advised me to do morning exercise regularly.
B. John congratulated me on doing morning exercise regularly.
C. John asked me to do morning exercise regularly.
D. John prevented me from doing morning exercise regularly.

 PROBLEM 05: TYPES OF COMPARISONS

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1. There were two small rooms in the beach

house, ______ served as a kitchen.
A. the smaller of them
B. the smaller of which
C. the smallest of which
D. smallest of that
2. The world would be a better place if
everyone showed ______cooperation as John.
A. as much B. so much
C. too much D. much
3. John paid $2 for his meal, ______ he had
thought it would cost.
A. not as much B. not so much as
C. less as D. not so many as
4. “The inflation rate in Greece is five times
______ my country,” he said.
A. more than B. as many as that in
C. as much as D. as high as that in
* có dạng so sánh cấp|gấp: twice/times as
(many/much) … as
* nếu thành phần so sánh có dạng N giới N, thì
sau AS phải có dạng THAT/THOSE + giới + N
(so sánh đồng cấp)
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Ví dụ: the price of foods in HCMC is twice as

high as that in Hue.

5. Is it true that this country produces more oil

than ______ ?
A. any country else B. any other countries
C. any countries else D. any another country
* câu so sánh hơn
* else: ko bao giờ đi với any : loại C,A
* any ko đi với another: loại D  B
* any other countries: bất kỳ 1 nước nào khác
6. This shirt is ______ that one.
A. much expensive than
B. as much expensive as
C. a bit less expensive
D. not nearly as expensive as
* loại C vì less phải có than
* loại B vì sau as ko dùng much/many + adj
* so sánh giữa 2 đối tượng: so sánh hơn
7. He thinks we’ve invited too many guests, but I
say the more the __.
A. nicer B. happier C. merrier D. greater
* cụm từ cố định: the more the merrier: càng
đông càng vui.
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8. Generally, the South of England is as ______

as the North.
A. flat B. less flat
C. flatter D. the flattest
* có dạng so sánh bằng: tính từ gốc, ko biến đổi
9. ______, the less polluted the environment will
be.
A. The more landfills are there
B. The less landfills are polluted
C. The more polluted landfills will be
D. The fewer landfills we have
10. The Moon is much closer to Earth ______,
and thus it had greater influence on the tides.
A. but the Sun is
B. where the Sun is
C. than is the Sun
D. unlike the Sun
[Link] a millionaire who liked to show off her
wealth, Mrs. Smith paid ______ we asked.
A. four times as much as
B. four time much than
C. four time as many as
D. four times much as
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12. We all agree that she is ______ student in our

class.
A. most clever B. the cleverest
C. a more clever D. cleverest
[Link] higher the content of carbon dioxide in
the air is, ______.
A. more heat it retains
B. it retains the more heat
C. the heat it retains more
D. the more heat it retains
14. In my apartment there are two rooms,
______ is used as the living-room.
A. the large one B. the larger of which
C. the largest one D. the largest of which
15. Mary is ......................of the two girls.
A. more pretty B. the prettier
C. the most pretty D. the prettiest
16. Hair colour is one of _______ characteristics
to be used in identifying people.
A. the most obviously
B. most obvious
C. obviously the most
D. the most obvious
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17. The more demanding the job is, ______ I like

it. (MOCKTEST 2017)
A. more B. most C. the more D. the
most
18. The harder he studies, ______. (MOCK
TEST 2017-3)
A. the better results he gets
B. his results get better
C. the better do his results get
D. the best results he gets
19. Air pollution is getting ______ serious in big
cities in the world. (MOCK TEST 2017-2)
A. more and more
B. the more and the more
C. the most and the most
D. most and most
 PROBLEM 06: DIALOGUES
1. - “________ detective stories?”
- “In my opinion, they are very good for teenagers.”
A. What do you think about B. Are you fond of C. How about D. What do people feel about
2. - “Would you mind lending me your bike?”
- “ ______ .”
A. Yes. Here it is B. Not at all C. Great D. Yes, let’s
3. - “Has an announcement been made about the eight o’clock flight to Paris?”
- “ _______.”
A. Not yet B. Yes, it was C. I don’t think that D. Sorry, I don’t
4. – “Mum, I’ve got 600 on the TOEFL test.”
– “______”
A. Good way! B. You are right. C. Oh, hard luck! D. Good job!
6. Lora: “Your new blouse looks gorgeous, Helen!”
Helen: “______.”
A. Thanks, I bought it at Macy’s B. It’s up to you C. I’d rather not D. You can say that again
7. – “Don’t fail to send your parents my regards.”
– “______.”
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A. You’re welcome B. Good idea, thanks C. Thanks, I will D. It’s my pleasure

8. – “Should we bring a lot of money on the trip?”
– “Yes. ______ we decide to stay longer.”
A. So that B. Though C. Because D. In case
9. – “How do you like your steak done?”
– “ ______.”
A. I don’t like it much B. Very little C. Well done D. Very much
10. Liz: “Thanks for the nice gift you brought to us!”
Jennifer: “______”
A. All right. Do you know how much it costs? B. Not at all. Don’t mention it.
C. Actually speaking, I myself don’t like it. D. Welcome! It’s very nice of you.
11. Margaret: "Could you open the window, please?"
Henry: " ______."
A. I feel sorry B. Yes, I can C. I am, of course D. Yes, with pleasure
12. Mr. Black: “I’d like to try on these shoes, please.”
Salesgirl: “______”
A. That’s right, sir. B. By all means, sir. C. I’d love to. D. Why not?
13. Ben: "______"
Jane: "Never mind."
A. Would you mind going to dinner next Sunday? B. Sorry for staining your carpet. Let me have it cleaned.
C. Congratulations! How wonderful! D. Thank you for being honest with me.
14. Bill: “Can I get you another drink?”
Jerry: “______.”
A. Not just now B. No, I’ll think it over C. Forget it D. No, it isn’t
15. - “Is it all right if I use your bike?”
- “______”
A. I don’t care. B. Sure, go ahead. C. Oh, forget it. D. I accept it.
16. - “You look nervous! ______”
- “This thunder scares me to death.”
A. How are you? B. Why’s that? C. Come on! D. What’s wrong?
17. - “Today’s my 20 th birthday.”
- “______”
A. Take care! B. Many happy returns! C. Have a good time! D. I don’t understand.
18. - “Would you like beer or wine?”
- “______”
A. No, I've no choice. B. I couldn’t agree more. C. I'd prefer beer, please. D. Yes, I'd love to.
19. - “______”
- “He's tall and thin with blue eyes.”
A. What does John like? B. How is John? C. Who does John look like? D. What does John look like?
20. Joan: “Our friends are coming. ______, Mike? ”
Mike: “I’m sorry, but I can’t do it now.”
A. Shall you make some coffee, please B. Would you mind making some coffee
C. Why don’t we cook some coffee D. Shall I make you like some coffee
21. Harry: “Are you ready, Kate? There’s not much time left.”
Kate: “Yes, just a minute. ______!”
A. No longer B. I’m coming C. I’d be OK D. I won’t finish
22. Sue: “Can you help me with my essay?”
Robert: “______”
A. I think that, too. B. Yes, I’m afraid not. C. Not completely. D. Why not?
23. Alfonso: “I had a really good time. Thanks for the lovely evening.”
Maria: “______.”
A. Yes, it’s really good B. No, it’s very kind of you C. I’m glad you enjoyed it D. Oh, that’s right
24. John: “Would you like to have a get-together with us next weekend?”
Mickey: “______.”
A. No, I won’t B. No, I wouldn’t C. Yes, let’s D. Yes, I’d love to
25. Helen: “Would you rather go to the beach or to the mountains?”

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Kim: “______.”
A. That’s very nice of you B. The beach definitely C. I’d love to go D. Thanks for the mountains
26. George: “______.”
Michelle: “Thank you for your compliment.”
A. You’ve done your work B. This is a present for you
C. I’m glad that you’re well again D. You look pretty in this dress
27. Mary: “Thanks a lot for your help.”
John: “______.”
A. My happiness B. My delight C. My pleasure D. My excitement
28. Tom: “When are we leaving for the concert?”
Kyle : “______.”
A. Straight away B. That’s right C. Certainly D. No problem
29. Mary: “I will never go mountaineering again.”
Linda: “Me ______.”
A. so B. too C. neither D. either
30. Lora: “Do you mind if I turn on the fan?”
Maria: “______.”
A. Not for me B. Not at all C. Never mind D. Not enough
31. Tom: “Can I have another cup of tea?”
Christy: “______.”
A. Be yourself B. Do it yourself C. Help yourself D. Allow yourself
32. Ann: “Do you need any help?”
Kate: “______.”
A. No, thanks. I can manage B. I haven’t got a clue
C. That’s all for now D. That’s fine by me
33. Sarah: “Oh my God, I’ve missed my bus.”
Christ: “______. Another will come here in ten minutes.”
A. Thank you B. Don’t mention it C. I hope so D. Don’t worry
34. Jack: “What’s wrong with you?”
Jill: “______.”
A. Thank you very much B. Yes, I was tired yesterday
C. I’m having a slight headache D. No, I don’t care
35. Mary: “Do you mind if I sit here?”
Laura: “______”
A. My pleasure. B. No, not at all. C. Don’t mention it. D. Yes, why not?
36. Thanh: “Lan’s the best singer in our school.”
Nadia: “______”
A. Yes, tell me about it! B. That’s OK! C. Yes, please. D. I can’t agree with you more!
37. Mai: “Do you want another serving of chicken soup?”
Scott: “______.”
A. No way B. No comment C. No thanks D. No longer
38. Woman: “Excuse me, where’s Nguyen Hue Street, please?”
Man: “______”
A. I think you’re right. B. Yes, that’s correct. C. Over there, I think. D. OK, so long.
39. Sue: “These flowers are so beautiful! Thank you very much, Bill.”
Bill: “______”
A. That’s right. B. Good job! C. Don’t worry! D. Don’t mention it.
40. Stephanie: “Oh, no! I left my book at home. Can I share yours?”
Scott: “______”
A. Yes, I do too. B. No, thanks. C. No, not at all! D. Yes, sure!
41. Tom: “______”
Mike: “I won’t say no!”
A. What’s your favourite, tea or coffee? B. What about playing badminton this afternoon?
C. Mike, do you know where the scissors are? D. How are things with you, Mike?
42. Lucy: “You look really nice in that red sweater!”
Sue: “______”

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A. How dare you? B. Thank you. C. I’m afraid so. D. Don’t mention it.
43. Kay: “I wouldn’t do that if I were you.”
John: “______”
A. Wouldn’t you? Why? B. It’s out of the question. C. I’d rather you didn’t. D. Would you, really?
44. Mary: “The hat’s so beautiful. Thanks."
Tony: “________”
A. I’m glad you like it. B. Great idea! C. Lucky you! D. The same to you!
45. Peter: “How often do you go fishing?”.
Sarah: “_____________”
A. once every two weeks B. Not much C. sometimes I will D. I often go camping
46. Peter: “Let me pay for the meal.”
Margaret: “________________”
A. It’s on me B. It’s my round C. never remind me D. I’ll make it
47. Tim: “Tom, you’ve won the second prize.”
Tom: “____________”
A. You’re right B. Good way C. Oh, hard luck! D. Good jobs
48. Peter: “How do you get to school, Mai?”
Mai: “__________”
A. on foot B. on bike C. on taxi D. on car
49. Marry: “This is my friend, Peter”
Bob: “____________________”
A. Long time no see! B. Nice to see you again! C. Hope to see you soon! D. How do you do!
50. Bob: “Thank you very much!”
Lyn: “____________”
A. Good job! B. Yes, I’d love to! C. You are welcome! D. Sorry to hear so!

PROBLEM 07: INVERSIONS

1. ______ he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came.
A. No longer has B. No sooner had C. Not until had D. Hardly had
2. Only when you grow up ______ the truth.
A. you will know B. you know C. do you know D. will you know
3. ______ but he also proved himself a good athlete.
A. Not only he showed himself a good student B. He did not show himself only a good student
C. Not only did he show himself a good student D. A good student not only showed him
4. The instructor blew his whistle and ______.
A. off the runners were running B. off ran the runners
C. off were running the runners D. the runners run off
5. Only after food has been dried or canned ______.
A. should it be stored for later consumption B. it can be stored for later consumption
C. that it is stored for later consumption D. was it stored for later consumption
6. ______ make a good impression on her.
A. Only by doing so can I B. Only by so doing I can C. Only by doing so I can D. Only so doing can I
7. ______ that she does not want to stay any longer.
A. So homesick does Beth feel B. Homesick though Beth may feel
C. Beth feels such homesick D. A little homesick does Beth feel
8. No sooner ______ my car than the alarm went off.
A. had the thief touched B. the thief touched C. touched the thief D. the thief had touched
9. Scarcely had he stepped out of the room ______ he heard a loud laughter within.
A. then B. until C. than D. when
10. ______ was the tea that we couldn’t drink it.
A. No longer B. So strong C. Hardly ever D. How strong
11. Not until he arrived __________the truth.
A. that I knew B. when I knew C. did I know D. so I knew
12. From the dark _____________
A. came he B. he came C. did he come D. had he come

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13. Under the tree _________________ I had ever seen.

A. lying one of the biggest men B. was lying one of the biggest men
C. one of the biggest men was lying D. was one of the biggest men
14. .................had he arrived home than it started to rain.
A. Never B. scarcely C. No sooner D. Hardly
15. So strange ____________that I couldn’t understand him.
A. his behavior was B. was his behavior C. it was his behavior D. was it his behavior
16. ______ he arrived at the bus stop when the bus came. (MOCK TEST 2015)
A. Hardly had B. No sooner had C. No longer has D. Not until had

PROBLEM 08: MAKE OR DO

1. “Please, will you just tidy your room, and stop ______ excuses!”
A. having B. making C. doing D. taking
2. “Can you ______ me a favor, Bill?” Peter said.
A. make B. get C. put D. do
3. This director has ______ some famous films but I think this one is the best.
A. done B. conducted C. made D. composed
4. Scientists have ______ a lot of research into renewable energy sources.
A. solved B. made C. carried D. done
5. I am afraid I have no spare bed. Can you ......................with the sofa?
A. make B. do C. make do D. do make
6. I am really sorry. I think I...................a wrong thing.
A. have made B. make C. do D. have done
7. He .................believe that he was a scientist.
A. did B. made C. has make D. has done
8. She often spends hours.....................her hair.
A. do B. make C. doing D. making
9. She is always .......................a fuss over odd things
```A. making B. doing C. made D. done
10. Son, you must ..................your bed before eating breakfast.
A. do B. make C. have done D. have made

PROBLEM 09: MODAL VERBS

1. I can't find my purse anywhere; I must _______ it at the cinema.
A. leave B. have left C. be leaving D. have been leaving
2. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class. He ______.
A. should study very hard B. must have studied very hard
C. must have to study well D. should have studied all the time
3. He ______ to the doctor after the accident, but he continued to play instead.
A. must have gone B. should have gone C. couldn’t go D. didn’t have to go
4. The kitchen ______ dirty because she has just cleaned it.
A. should be B. can’t be C. mustn’t be D. may be
5. There was nothing they could do ______ leave the car at the roadside where it had broken down.
A. but B. instead of C. than D. unless
6. “You ______ have cooked so many dishes. There are only three of us for lunch.”
A. wouldn’t B. oughtn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t
7. That style of dress ______ have been designed by Titian, because it wasn’t worn till after his death.
A. wouldn’t B. shan’t C. can’t D. oughtn’t
8. They live on a busy road. ______ a lot of noise from traffic.
A. There must be B. It must be C. It must have been D. There must have
9. That cannot be a true story. He ______ it up.
A. would have made B. should have made C. must have made D. can have made
10. You ______ brought your umbrella. We are going by taxi.
A. need not B. would not have C. need not have D. may not
11. He ______ us but he was short of money at the time.
A. can help B. could have helped C. would help D. might help

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12. The two fishermen said they saw what ________ a plane plug into the sea.
A. must have been B. may have been C. should have been D. could have been
13. Remember to take along your umbrella. It _________rain this afternoon.
A. can B. may C. must D. have to
14. He said he ___________come early.
A. must B. might C. had to D. need
15. You _________John in Sai Gon last night. You must have mistaken someone for him.
A. can’t have met B. mightn’t have met C. couldn’t have met D. mustn’t have met

PROBLEM 10: PASSIVE VOICE

1. ______ broken several world records in swimming.
A. She is said that she has B. People say she had C. It is said to have D. She is said to have
2. The equipment in our office needs _______.
A. moderner B. modernizing C. modernized D. modernization
3. I am going to the hairdresser’s ______.
A. for to cut me my hair B. to have cut my hair C. to cut my hair D. to have my hair cut
4. During the Enlightenment, the powers and uses of reason ______.
A. were stressed B. stressed C. were stressing D. had stressed
5. According to the conditions of my scholarship, after graduation, ______.
A. I will be employed full-time by the university B. I would be offered by the university
C. the university will employ me full-time D. an employer will give me a full-time job
6. After the car crash last night, all the injured ______ to the hospital in an ambulance.
A. was rushing B. were rushing C. was rushed D. were rushed
7. This carpet really needs ______. Can you do it for me, son?
A. being cleaned B. cleaning C. clean D. cleaned
8. In our hospital, patients ______ every morning.
A. are examined B. were examining C. have examined D. can examine
9. No one can avoid ______ by advertisements.
A. to be influenced B. having influenced C. influencing D. being influenced
10. The problem is believed ______ at the meeting two days ago.
A. being discussed B. to have been discussed C. to have discussed D. having been discussed
11. The packages ______ so that it would be easier to carry them.
A. were tied together B. were tied in a knot C. are tied in a bundle D. are tied altogether
12. The theory of relativity ______ by Einstein, who was a famous physicist.
A. was developed B. developed C. is developed D. develops
13. I remember _________to the zoo when I was five years old.
A. to take B. being taken C. taking D. take
14. The boy had all his money ......................on the bus.
A. steal B. stole C. stolen D. stealing
15. Our car _______________on our way home.
A. had broken down B. broke down C. was broken down D. was breaking down

PROBLEM 11: PHRASAL VERBS

1. He felt he’d really let his team ___ when he missed the penalty.
A. out B. in C. down D. off
2. John has taken ___ swimming as he wants to keep fit.
A. up B. on C. in D. off
3. Lack of funds prevented him ___ with his studies.
A. to continue B. with continuing C. continue D. from continuing
4. Remember to go ____ your test paper to check for grammar and spelling mistakes.
A. on B. over C. off D. into
5. Don’t let this opportunity go ____ .
A. by B. off C. up D. over
6. We have to ___ allowance for this difficult circumstance.
A. do B. make C. work D. act

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7. It’s better to work _______rather than against Nature.

A. for B. with C. by D. along
8. PO box stands ________ “Post Office” box.
A. as B. like C. for D. by
9. The numbers add _______ to 70.
A. off B. up C. in D. out
10. Take the number 5 bus and get ______ at Times Square.
A. off B. up C. outside D. down
11. Peter got __________on very little money.
A. through B. up C. by D. in
12. My mother told me to ______ for an electrician when her fan was out of order.
A. send B. write C. rent D. turn
13. It is very important for a firm or a company to keep ______ the changes in the market.
A. pace of B. track about C. touch with D. up with
14. The forecast has revealed that the world’s reserves of fossil fuel will have ______ by 2015.
A. taken over B. caught up C. used off D. run out
15. We ______with a swim in the lake.
A. gave in B. took up C. got out D. cooled off
16. Since he failed his exam, he had to ______ for it again.
A. take B. make C. sit D. pass
17. You need more exercise - you should ______ jogging.
A. try on B. take up C. carry out D. hold up
18. You should make a(n) ______ to overcome this problem.
A. trial B. impression C. effort D. apology
19. If you don’t know when that important football match takes place, look it ______ in the World Cup timetable.
A. after B. up C. into D. out
20. The manager ______ him for a minor mistake.
A. accused B. charged C. complained D. blamed
21. He never lets anything ______ him and his weekend fishing trip.
A. come among B. come between C. come up D. come on
22. The Second World War ______ in 1939.
A. turned up B. took out C. brought about D. broke out
23. “We'd better ______ if we want to get there in time.”
A. take up B. put down C. speed up D. turn down
24. I could not ______ the lecture at all. It was too difficult for me.
A. make off B. take in C. get along D. hold on
25. I can’t ______ this noise any longer. I’m going to write a letter of complaint to the local authority about this problem.
A. put up with B. take away from C. get back to D. make out of
26. You should have ______ your composition carefully before you handed it in.
A. seen through B. thought of C. looked in D. gone over
27. “Don’t worry about your necklace. Give it to me and I promise to ______ great care of it.”
A. bring B. take C. keep D. make
28. The team were eager to make ______ the loss of the previous match.
A. away with B. off with C. up for D. up with
29. He is coming ______ a cold after a night out in the rain.
A. away from B. down with C. across with D. up with
30. It was so kind of her to put me ______ while I was on a business trip in her town.
A. up B. down C. in D. off
31. It is interesting to take ______ a new hobby such as collecting stamps or going fishing.
A. over B. up C. in D. on
32. He died ______ lung cancer last month, leaving his wife in great shock.
A. by B. for C. in D. of
33. He came ______ a lot of criticism for the remarks he made in a television interview.
A. out of B. off C. over D. in for
34. She started the course two months ago but dropped ______ after only a month.
A. in B. out C. off D. back

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35. I can’t find my dictionary at the moment. I hope it will ______ up soon.
A. turn B. clear C. come D. look
36. The children made ______ a funny story and wrote it on the card.
A. off B. for C. out D. up
37. No matter how angry he was, he would never ______ to violence.
A. resort B. resist C. refuse D. resolve
38. Parts of the mountain road have been washed ______ after the floods.
A. out B. away C. off D. through
39. He gave ______ his job in order to go back to university.
A. in B. away C. out D. up
40. Instead of staying around the house all day, you should be out there looking ______ a job.
A. after B. into C. for D. at
41. The government was finally ______ by a minor scandal.
A. put back B. brought down C. pulled down D. taken down
42. I applied for the job but was ______.
A. taken away B. got over C. turned down D. turned off
43. We must push the piano to the corner of the hall to ______ our party tonight.
A. make place for B. take up room to C. give place to D. make room for
44. Regular exercise and good diet will bring ______ fitness and health.
A. from B. to C. up D. about
45. I am sorry I have no time at present to ______ details of our plan.
A. go into B. bring in C. come in D. take into
46. I could hear voices but I couldn’t ______ what they were saying.
A. try out B. turn up C. make out D. bring about
47. He was asked to __________an account of what had happened.
A. take B. bring C. give D. say
48. He gave her all the money he had put ___________
A. away B. aside C. behind D. out
49. People try to come __________tranquillizers.
A. up B. for C. off D. into
50. He was brought __________in a poor village by his grand mother.
A. out B. away C. about D. up

PROBLEM 12: PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

1. “This library card will give you free access ______ the Internet eight hours a day.”
A. on B. to C. from D. in
2. The beautiful village is sheltered ________the weather by the mountain.
A. from B. by C. in D. of
3. The entrance exam is ________far more difficult than the end-of-term one.
A. at B. by C. in D. from
4. ______ entering the hall, he found everyone waiting for him.
A. With B. On C. At D. During
5. She had to hand in her notice ______ advance when she decided to leave the job.
A. with B. from C. in D. to
6. It was really kind ___ you to help poor people.
A. from B. on C. of D. in
7. They’re staying with us ______ the time being until they can afford a house.
A. in B. for C. at D. during
8. She had to borrow her sister’s car because hers was ______.
A. off work B. out of work C. out of order D. off chance
9. ______ entering the hall, he found everyone waiting for him.
A. On B. At C. With D. Of
10. I finished my homework a few days ahead _______ the deadline.
A. of B. to C. by D. at
11. They wanted to pay __________cheque.
A. for B. in C. on D. by

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12. Helen is traveling to Germany tomorrow on her first working trip and she is very excited ______ it.
A. for B. against C. about D. with
13. Television can make things memorable for the reason that it presents information ______ an effective way.
A. over B. with C. in D. on
14. College students are becoming less dependent ______ their teachers.
A. to B. on C. of D. with
15. The teacher said that I would be able to speak English fluently ______ six months.
A. since B. till C. by D. in
16. There is a good film ______ TV tonight. Will you watch it?
A. at B. on C. in D. from
17. “What did you do ______ last summer?”
A. during B. for C. by D. at
18. Education in many countries is compulsory ______ the age of 16.
A. until B. forwards C. for D. when
19. We received a call from the teacher ______ charge of our course.
A. at B. in C. on D. to
20. Watch out, we are ............for a very big storm.
A. to B. at C. in D. out
21. It was really kind ___ you to help poor people.
A. from B. on C. of D. in
22. He's sometimes bad-tempered but he's a good fellow ______.
A. at heart B. by heart C. with heart D. in heart
23. We haven't decided which hotel ______.
A. to stay B. to stay at C. is for staying D. is to stay at

PROBLEM 13: RELATIVE CLAUSES

1. Poverty is a problem in many cities_____whole families can only afford to live in one room.
A. when B. where C. even D. if
2. He turned on the TV, ______I thought was rather surprising.
A. and B. so C. that D. which
3. Opposite our house is a nice park ___ there are trees and flowers .
A. which B. where C. whose D. that
4. Venice, ___ was built on water, is a city in Italy.
A. where B. that C. who D. which
5. He arrived late, ______ was annoying.
A. it B. that C. what D. which
6. The United States consists of fifty states, ______ has its own government.
A. each of which B. hence each C. they each D. each of that
7. The temperature ______ takes place varies widely from material to material.
A. which melting B. which they melt C. at which melting D. at which they melt
8. I did not want to believe them, but in fact, ______ was true.
A. what they said B. what has said C. which they said D. that they were said
9. Dr. Smith is the person in ______ I don’t have much confidence.
A. which B. whom C. him D. that
10. ______ for breakfast is bread and eggs.
A. That I only like B. Which better I like C. What I like most D. The food what I like
11. The struggle for women’s rights began in the 18 th century during a period ______ as the Age of Enlightenment.
A. known B. is knowing C. that knew D. knew
12. Geometry is a branch of mathematics ______ the properties of lines, curves, shapes, and surfaces.
A. that concerning with B. concerned with C. that concerned with D. that it is concerned with
13. I have two sisters, ______.
A. most of them are nurses B. one of them are nurses C. most of whom are nurses D. both of whom are nurses
14. Spain has won the championship, ______ is not surprising.
A. which B. that C. how D. what
15. I'll give this dictionary to ______ wants to have it.
A. anyone B. whatever C. everyone D. whoever

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16. He wasn't attending the lecture properly and missed most of ______.
A. things said by the teacher B. that the teacher said
C. which the teacher said D. what the teacher said
17. Her mother, ______ has been working for thirty years, is retiring next month.
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
18. Books and magazines ______ around made his room very untidy.
A. that lie B. laying C. which lied D. lying
19. This small town developed ______ I had expected.
A. not fast as B. much faster than C. slowly than D. as much fast as
20. He went back to the town ______ he was born.
A. where B. what C. which D. that
21. The Lake District, ______ was made a national park in 1951, attracts a large number of tourists every year.
A. which B. that C. where D. what
22. Applications _____ in after 30th April will not be considered.
A. which sent B. that is sent C. sent D. send
23. The man and the sheep _________you saw yesterday had left the town.
A. which B. when C. that D. what
24. Mr. John is the only person ________I can trust.
A. who B. that C. which D. what
25. It was your sister __________I met.
A. who B. that C. whose D. when

PROBLEM 14: SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENT

PROBLEM 13: RELATIVE CLAUSES
1. Poverty is a problem in many cities_____whole families can only afford to live in one room.
A. when B. where C. even D. if
2. He turned on the TV, ______I thought was rather surprising.
A. and B. so C. that D. which
3. Opposite our house is a nice park ___ there are trees and flowers .
A. which B. where C. whose D. that
4. Venice, ___ was built on water, is a city in Italy.
A. where B. that C. who D. which
5. He arrived late, ______ was annoying.
A. it B. that C. what D. which
6. The United States consists of fifty states, ______ has its own government.
A. each of which B. hence each C. they each D. each of that
7. The temperature ______ takes place varies widely from material to material.
A. which melting B. which they melt C. at which melting D. at which they melt
8. I did not want to believe them, but in fact, ______ was true.
A. what they said B. what has said C. which they said D. that they were said
9. Dr. Smith is the person in ______ I don’t have much confidence.
A. which B. whom C. him D. that
10. ______ for breakfast is bread and eggs.
A. That I only like B. Which better I like C. What I like most D. The food what I like
11. The struggle for women’s rights began in the 18th century during a period ______ as the Age of Enlightenment.
A. known B. is knowing C. that knew D. knew
12. Geometry is a branch of mathematics ______ the properties of lines, curves, shapes, and surfaces.
A. that concerning with B. concerned with C. that concerned with D. that it is concerned with
13. I have two sisters, ______.
A. most of them are nurses B. one of them are nurses C. most of whom are nurses D. both of whom are nurses
14. Spain has won the championship, ______ is not surprising.
A. which B. that C. how D. what
15. I'll give this dictionary to ______ wants to have it.
A. anyone B. whatever C. everyone D. whoever

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16. He wasn't attending the lecture properly and missed most of ______.
A. things said by the teacher B. that the teacher said
C. which the teacher said D. what the teacher said
17. Her mother, ______ has been working for thirty years, is retiring next month.
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
18. Books and magazines ______ around made his room very untidy.
A. that lie B. laying C. which lied D. lying
19. This small town developed ______ I had expected.
A. not fast as B. much faster than C. slowly than D. as much fast as
20. He went back to the town ______ he was born.
A. where B. what C. which D. that
21. The Lake District, ______ was made a national park in 1951, attracts a large number of tourists every year.
A. which B. that C. where D. what
22. Applications _____ in after 30th April will not be considered.
A. which sent B. that is sent C. sent D. send
23. The man and the sheep _________you saw yesterday had left the town.
A. which B. when C. that D. what
24. Mr. John is the only person ________I can trust.
A. who B. that C. which D. what
25. It was your sister __________I met.
A. who B. that C. whose D. when
26. rmarket ______ you can buy almost everything.
A. that B. who C. where D. when
27. He always wears clothes _____ are too small for him.
A. why B. what C. which D. where

28. The children, ............... parents work late, are taken home by bus.
A. that B. whom C. whose D. their
29. He wanted to know the reason ............... I was late.
A. as B. for C. why D. because
30. He always snores loudly, _________is very annoying.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
31. The place .................... we spent our holiday was really beautiful.
A. what B. who C. where D. which
32. The house ________he lives is very old and in bad condition.
A. which B. in which C. that D. what
33. The young detective detected a fingerprint, ___________he found out the murder.
A. at which B. to which C. from which D. with which
35. My uncle _____ you met yesterday is a lawyer.
A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
36. Dien Bien Phu is the place _____ our army won a resounding victory in 1954.
A. where B. that C. what D. which
37. In our school library, there are several large tables _____ we can sit to read books.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
38. Yesterday was the day ______ they celebrated their 21st wedding anniversary.
A. when B. then C. what D. which
39. That's the house _____ he used to stay.
A. in which B. of which C. on which D. which
40. This house, _____ he bought in 1990, is being repaired at the moment.
A. that B. which C. who D. what

PROBLEM 15: SUBJECT AND ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

1. Not having written about the required topic, ______ a low mark.
A. the teacher gave B. I was given C. the teacher gave me D. my presentation was given
2. Having traveled to different parts of our country, ______.

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A. we have learned a lot about interesting lifestyles and customs

B. we are seeing a lot of interesting lifestyles and customs
C. many interesting lifestyles and customs have been learned by us
D. much has been learned about interesting lifestyles and customs
3. Standing on the tip of the cape, ______.
A. people have seen a lighthouse far away B. a lighthouse can see from the distance
C. lies a lighthouse in the middle of the sea D. we can see the lighthouse in the distance
4. ______ from outer space, our earth looks like a “blue planet”.
A. Having seen B. Seeing C. Be seen D. Seen
5. On seeing the cat, __________________
A. she felt uneasy B. an uneasy feeling arose C. her heart beat strongly D. the cat made her afraid
6. __________in 1810, the school has existed more than 100 years.
A. Having founded B. Was founded C. Being founded D. Founded
7. __________She slept on the sofa.
A. Being too tired B. Tired C. To be tired D. Be tired
8. When reaching the top of the hill, ______.
A. we suddenly caught sight of the sea B. it was the sea that extended below us
C. we extended the sea below us D. the sea came into view

PROBLEM 16: SYNONYMS (CLOSEST IN MEANING)

1. His new work has enjoyed a very good review from critics and readers.
A. viewing B. regard C. opinion D. look
2. Such problems as haste and inexperience are a universal feature of youth.
A. marked B. separated C. shared D. hidden
3. We have lived there for years and grown fond of the surroundings. That is why we do not want to leave.
A. possessed by the surroundings B. planted many trees in the surroundings
C. loved the surroundings D. haunted by the surroundings
4. The sign “NO TRESPASSING” tells you ______.
A. not to approach B. not to smoke C. not to enter D. not to photograph
5. The crew divided the life preservers among the twenty terrified passengers as the ship began to sink.
A. exhausted B. surprised C. frightened D. excited
6. You must answer the police’s questions truthfully; otherwise, you will get into trouble.
A. exactly as things really happen B. with a negative attitude
C. in a harmful way D. as trustingly as you can
7. My mom is always bad-tempered when I leave my room untidy.
A. feeling embarrassed B. talking too much C. very happy and satisfied D. easily annoyed or irritated
8. During the earthquake, a lot of buildings collapsed, which killed thousands of people.
A. went off accidentally B. fell down unexpectedly C. exploded suddenly D. erupted violently
9. We really appreciate your help, without which we couldn’t have got our task done in time.
A. feel thankful for B. depreciate C. require D. are proud of
10. The repeated commercials on TV distract many viewers from watching their favourite films.
A. advertisements B. contests C. businesses D. economics
11. As tourism is more developed, people worry about the damage to the flora and fauna of the island.
A. fruits and vegetables B. flowers and trees C. plants and animals D. mountains and forests
12. It is such a prestigious university that only excellent students are entitled to a full scholarship each year.
A. have the obligation to B. have the right to refuse C. are refused the right to D. are given the right to
13. Although they hold similar political views, their religious beliefs present a striking contrast.
A. minor comparison B. interesting resemblance C. significant difference D. complete coincidence
14. These were the people who advocated using force to stop school violence.
A. openly criticised B. publicly said C. publicly supported D. strongly condemned
15. Within a week on display at the exhibition, the painting was hailed as a masterpiece.
A. an expensive work of art B. a down-to-earth work of art
C. an excellent work of art D. a large work of art
16. Don’t be concerned about your mother’s illness; she’ll recover soon.
A. angry with B. embarrassed at C. surprised at D. worried about

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17. A special exhibition of Indian art will be opened at the National Museum next month.
A. programme B. painting C. music D. show
18. Traffic began to flow normally again after the accident.
A. in the usual or ordinary way B. strangely and irregularly
C. repeatedly in different modes D. with the same speed
19. It will be fine tomorrow. But if it should rain tomorrow, the match will be postponed.
A. turned off B. put off C. sold off D. taken off
20. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, of which obtaining water is not the least.
A. getting B. storing C. purifying D. controlling
21. If the headmaster were here, he would sign your papers immediately.
A. formerly B. right away C. right ahead D. currently
22. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute as settled.
A. discussion B. discomfort C. disapproval D. disadvantage
23. Thirty minutes after the accident, the captain still refused to abandon the burning ship.
A. leave B. come to C. sail D. get on
24. Though the mountain was steep and the climb was hazardous, many adventurous tourists managed to reach the top.
A. causing a lot of risks B. bringing excitement C. costing a lot of money D. resulting in depression
25. Thanks to the invention of the microscope, biologists can now gain insights into the nature of the human cell.
A. deep understanding B. in-depth studies C. spectacular sightings D. far-sighted views
26. Dozens of applicants showed up for the vacant position, but only a handful of them were shortlisted for the interview.
A. small number B. hand C. class D. small amount
27. The rains of 1993 causing the Missouri river to overflow resulted in one of the worst floods of the 20 th century.
A. stopped B. lessened C. caused D. overcame
28. I’m becoming increasingly absent-minded. Last week, I locked myself out of my house twice.
A. being considerate of things B. remembering to do right things
C. forgetful of one’s past D. often forgetting things
29. Many children’re spending a lot of time watching the TV without being aware of its detriment to their school work.
A. harm B. advantage C. support D. benefit
30. Ms Stanford’s an unusually prolific author. She’s written a lot of books these years, some of which are best-sellers.
A. reflective B. productive C. exhausted D. critical
31. The works of such men as the English philosophers John Locke and Thomas Hobbes helped pave the way for academic
freedom in the modern sense.
A. terminate B. lighten C. initiate D. prevent
32. E-cash cards are the main means of all transactions in a cashless society.
A. cash-free B. cash-in-hand C. cash-starved D. cash-strapped
33. Many scientists agree that global warming poses great threats to all species on Earth.
A. irritations B. fears C. risks D. annoyances
34. The secretary left after weeks of harassment by the manager of her department. 
A. teasing B. irritation C. absence D. negotiation
35. Carpets from countries such as Persia and Afghanistan often fetch high prices in the United States.
A. Artifacts B. Rugs C. Pottery D. Textiles

PROBLEM 17: ANTONYMS (OPPOSITE IN MEANING)

1. Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders even exported the surplus.
A. excess B. sufficiency C. small quantity D. large quantity
2 There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment.
A. ease B. attraction C. consideration D. speculation
3. Affluent families find it easier to support their children financially.
A. Wealthy B. Well-off C. Privileged D. Impoverished
4. After five days on trial, the court found him innocent of the crime and he was released.
A. benevolent B. innovative C. naive D. guilty
5. The consequences of the typhoon were disastrous due to the lack of precautionary measures.
A. damaging B. beneficial C. severe D. physical
6. Vietnam’s admission to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has promoted its trade relations with other countries.
A. boosted B. expanded C. restricted D. balanced
7. She was unhappy that she lost contact with a lot of her old friends when she went abroad to study.

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A. put in charge of B. lost control of C. got in touch with D. made room for
8. His boss has had enough of his impudence, and doesn't want to hire him any more.
A. obedience B. rudeness C. respect D. agreement
9. We are now a 24/7 society where shops and services must be available all hours.
A. an active society B. an inactive society C. a physical society D. a working society
10. A chronic lack of sleep may make us irritable and reduces our motivation to work.
A. uncomfortable B. responsive C. calm D. miserable
11. We'd better speed up if we want to get there in time.
A. slow down B. turn down C. put down D. lie down
12. She is a very generous old woman. She has given most of her wealth to a charity organization.
A. mean B. amicable C. kind D. hospitable
13. Her thoughtless comments made him very angry.
A. honest B. kind C. pleasant D. thoughtful
14. Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within the same region.
A. stay unchanged B. fluctuate C. remain unstable D. restrain
15. In some countries, the disease burden could be prevented through environmental improvements.
A. something enjoyable B. something sad C. something to entertain D. something to suffer

PROBLEM 18: TAG QUESTIONS

1. “Buy me a newspaper on your way back, ______?”
A. will you B. don’t you C. can’t you D. do youi
2. He’d hardly finished doing his homework when you arrived, ______?
A. didn’t he B. had he C. would he D. hadn’t he
3. People don’t like the way he shows off, ______?
A. does he B. do they C. don’t they D. doesn’t he
4. “Give me another chance, ______?”
A. shall you B. will you C. don't you D. aren’t you
5. There has been a great increase in retail sales, ______?
A. isn't it B. doesn’t it C. isn't there D. hasn't there
6. I am not your mother, __________
A. am I? B. are I? C. is I? D. should I?
7. I am right, _________
A. amn’t I? B. isn’t I? C. shouldn’t I? D. aren’t I?
9. Let me use your computer tonight, __________
A. can you? B. will you? C. should you? D. are you?
10. Let’s go out tonight, ___________
A. will you? B. may I? C. shall we? D. Shall us?
11. Let me give you a hand, __________
A. shall I? B. may I? C. can I? D. will you?
12. She must have gone, __________
A. mustn’t she? B. needn’t she C. haven’t she? D. had she?
13. He must be intelligent, __________
A. mustn’t he B. hasn’t he? C. isn’t he? D. needn’t he?
14. I don’t think she will help us, _____________
A. won’t she? B. will she? C. do I? D. don’t I?
15. I wish to study English, ________
A. will I? B. don’t I? C. may I? D. aren’t I?
16. She thinks he will win the game, _________
A. won’t he? B. will he? C. does she? D. doesn’t she?
17. What a beautiful girl, _________?
A. don’t you? B. isn’t it? C. won’t she? D. isn’t she?
18. What you have said is wrong, ___________
A. have you? B. haven’t you? C. said you? D. isn’t it?
19. Everyone must sleep, ___________
A. mustn’t they? B. needn’t they? C. haven’t they? D. won’t they?
20. You mustn’t smoke here,_________

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A. have you? B. will you? C. would you? D. must you?

PROBLEM 18: TENSES

1. In recent years, more and more people _____for things with credit cards.
A. pay B. paid C. are paying D. have been paying
2. Paolo would like to ____by the time he is 40.
A. travel B. be traveling C. be going to travel D. have traveled
3. ________ I post that letter for you on my way to the office?
A. Do B. Shall C. Would D. Will
4. ______, give her this map of the city.
A. When Mr. Leat’s wife arrived B. When Mr. Leat’s wife will arrive
C. When is Mr. Leat’s wife arriving D. When Mr. Leat’s wife arrives
5. I ______ this letter around for days without looking at it.
A. am carrying B. will be carrying C. carry D. have been carrying
6. Jane ______ law for four years now at Harvard.
A. is studying B. has been studying C. studies D. studied
7. Our industrial output______ from $2 million in 2002 to $4 million this year.
A. rises B. was rising C. has risen D. rose
8. That pipe ______ for ages - we must get it mended.
A. has been leaking B. is leaking C. had been leaking D. leaks
9. My brother ______ his driving test when he was 18.
A. has passed B. passes C. was passing D. passed
10. Can you keep calm for a moment? You ______ noise in class!
A. are always made B. always make C. have always made D. are always making
11. Neil Armstrong was the first man ______ on the moon.
A. to walk B. has walked C. walked D. walking
12. “How many times have I told you ______ football in the street?”
A. not playing B. do not play C. not to play D. not to have played
13. They didn’t find ______ in a foreign country.
A. it easy to live B. it easy live C. it to live easy D. easy to live
14. I’ve warned you many times ______the front door unlocked.
A. not leaving B. won’t leave C. don’t leave D. not to leave
15. “You’ll recognize Jenny when you see her. She ______ a red hat.”
A. will wear B. will be wearing C. wears D. is wearing
16. Hurry up, or they ______ serving meals by the time we get to the restaurant.
A. stopped B. will have stopped C. are stopping D. would stop
17. My favourite team ______ 15 games so far this season, and will probably win the championship.
A. are winning B. won C. have won D. will win
18. He has been to the school library many times ______.
A. if the semester has started B. while the semester is starting
C. since the semester started D. after the semester starts
19. When Peter was a child, there ______ a cinema near his house.
A. used to be being B. used to have been C. used to have D. used to be
20. Due to ever more spreading poaching, there _____a dramatic decline in the number of elephants over the last decade.
A. was B. is C. has been D. had been
21. I ______ work last week, but I changed my mind.
A. have started B. was going to start C. had started D. would start
22. I ______ with my aunt when I am on holiday in Ho Chi Minh City next month.
A. will have been staying B. will have stayed C. stay D. will be staying
23. How long ago ______ to learn French?
A. would you start B. have you started C. were you starting D. did you start
24. Mrs. Black’s son ______ in hospital ever since he fell off his bicycle last week.
A. was B. is C. was being D. has been
25. The price of houses ______ dramatically in recent years.
A. has risen B. was raising C. rose D. raises
26. The boat was sailing north when a terrible storm ______.

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A. would break B. broke C. was breaking D. had broken

27. We could have caught the last train, but we ______ five minutes late.
A. were B. would be C. have been D. are
29. She is here to say good bye. She __________tomorrow.
A. will leave B. is going to leave C. is leaving D. is about to leave
30. “Can you be quiet, Marry? You ____________in class”
A. always talk B. are always talking C. are talking D. will talk

PROBLEM 19: VOCABULARY, IDIOMS

1. It was impossible for her to tell the truth, so she had to _____ a story.
A. combine B. manage C. invent D. lie
2. If you want to help, perhaps you could ___ the table for dinner.
A. put B. lay C. spread D. place
3. Unemployment is a serious problem in the area; there are ____ jobs for the people there.
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
4. The conference was organized for all of the __________in the city.
A. history teacher B. historical teachers C. historic teachers D. historian teachers
5. Long ago, women were ______ to vote in political elections.
A. prevented B. banned C. forbidden D. stopped
6. Unless we __________up to these problems, many species of animals will become extinct.
A. look B. turn C. face D. get
7. Make exercise a part of your daily _______.
A. regularity B. chore C. routine D. frequency
8. Argentina _______ Mexico by one goal to nil in the match.
A. beat B. scored C. won D. knocked
9. There should be no discrimination on _______ of sex, race or religion.
A. fields B. places C. areas D. grounds
10. He felt _______ when he failed the exams the second time.
A. discouraged B. annoyed C. undecided D. determined
11. I have bought a present for my mother, and now I need some _______.
A. paper wrapper B. wrap paper C. wrapped paper D. wrapping paper
12. I hope you will ______ notice of what I am going to tell you.
A. take B. gain C. keep D. get
13. If they are not careful with their accounts, their business will go _______.
A. poor B. bankrupt C. penniless D. broken
14. He gave me his personal _______ that his draft would be ready by Friday.
A. endurance B. insurance C. assurance D. ensurance
15. Many people like the slow _______ of life in the countryside.
A. step B. pace C. speed D. space
16. Be ______ with what you have got, Mary.
A. suspicious B. humorous C. interested D. satisfied
17. He looks thin, but ______ he is very healthy.
A. practically B. also C. actually D. consequently
18. I would really ______ your help with this assignment.
A. respect B. take C. appreciate D. thank
19. Martha, Julia and Mark are 17, 19 and 20 years old ______.
A. separately B. respectively C. independently D. respectfully
20. The ______ reason why I don’t want to move is that I’m perfectly happy here.
A. main B. big C. large D. great
21. Before you start cooking, you should gather together all the necessary ______.
A. ingredients B. factors C. substances D. elements
22. He is a typical ______, always looking on the bright side of everything.
A. pessimist B. introvert C. extrovert D. optimist
23. Through an ______, your letter was left unanswered.
A. overtone B. overcharge C. overtime D. oversight
24. In a formal interview, it is essential to maintain good eye ______ with the interviewers.

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A. contact B. touch C. link D. connection

25. The recent heavy rains have helped to ease the water ______.
A. poverty B. shortage C. abundance D. plenty
26. Even if you are rich, you should save some money for a ______ day.
A. foggy B. windy C. snowy D. rainy
27. Martha, Julia and Mark are 17, 19 and 20 years old ______.
A. separately B. respectively C. independently D. respectfully
28. Laura had a blazing ______ with Eddie and stormed out of the house.
A. word B. row C. gossip D. chat
29. Car crashes are almost always accidental, but on rare occasions they may be ______.
A. deliberate B. determined C. aware D. meant
30. The car had a(n) ______ tyre, so we had to change the wheel.
A. bent B. flat C. cracked D. injured
31. There’s little ______ of foreign news in today’s paper.
A. information B. coverage C. column D. article
32. Don’t touch that wire or you’ll get an electric ______.
A. shock B. fire C. charge D. current
33. Thanks to my friends’ ______ remarks, my essays have been improved.
A. constructive B. construction C. constructor D. construct
34. Communities in remote areas are extremely _____ to famine if crops fail.
A. vulnerable B. helpless C. disappointed D. defenseless
35. As a(n) ______ girl, she found it difficult to socialise with other students in the class.
A. reserved B. industrious C. ashamed D. dynamic
36. You shouldn't have criticized him in front of the class. It was extremely ______ of you.
A. sensible B. insensitive C. insensible D. sensitive
37. This is ______ the most difficult job I’ve ever had to do.
A. by heart B. by chance C. by far D. by myself
38. Nowadays, with the help of the computer, teachers have developed a ______ approach to teaching.
A. multilateral B. multilingual C. multiple-choice D. multimedia
39. Although we have a large number of students, each one receives ______ attention.
A. alone B. separate C. individual D. only
40. The use of vitamin ______ and herbs has become increasingly popular among Americans.
A. components B. materials C. ingredients D. supplements
41. Parts of the country are suffering water ______ after the unusually dry summer.
A. thirst B. hunger C. supply D. shortage
42. The water supply of our home city has failed to ______ average purity requirements.
A. see B. meet C. own D. hold
43. I was about to leave when something occurred which attracted my ______.
A. thought B. surprise C. attention D. sympathy
44. Be sure not to rely too ______ on your mother tongue when you are learning a foreign language.
A. abundantly B. severely C. numerously D. heavily
45.
46. You look tired. Why don't we ______ and have a good rest?
A. call its name B. call on C. call off D. call it a day
47. She ______ me a very charming compliment on my painting.
A. showed B. paid C. made D. took
48. His honesty is ______; nobody can doubt it.
A. in question B. beside the question C. without question D. out the question
49. My mother had to work 12 hours a day in a factory just to ______.
A. make ends meet B. call it a day C. tighten the belt D. break the ice
50. She passed the National High School Graduation Exam with ______ colours.
A. flying B. bright C. true D. red

PROBLEM 20: WORD FORMS

1. They stayed for hours, which I was very _______ .

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A. annoyed B. annoyed about C. annoying D. annoying me

2. That was a very strange question _____ .
A. you ask B. you are asking C. for asking D. to ask
3. I clearly remember ______ you about this before.
A. telling B. to tell C. told D. tell
4. I’m not accustomed ___ up so early.
A. to getting B. to get C. by getting D. get
5. Mary was the last applicant _______.
A. to be interviewed B. to be interviewing C. to interview D. to have interviewed
6. Why is everybody ______ him all the time?
A. critical B. criticize C. criticism D. criticizing
7. The manager had his secretary ______ the report for him.
A. to have typed B. typed C. type D. to type
8. Don’t worry. He’ll do the job as _______ as possible.
A. economizing B. economic C. uneconomically D. economically
9. Why is everybody ______ him all the time?
A. critical B. criticize C. criticism D. criticizing
10 All students should be ______ and literate when they leave school.
A. numerate B. numeral C. numeric D. numerous
11. We couldn’t fly ______ because all the tickets had been sold out.
A. economical B. economy C. economic D. economics
12. There should be an international law against ______.
A. afforestation B. deforestation C. forestry D. reforestation
13. There should be an international law against ______.
A. afforestation B. deforestation C. forestry D. reforestation
14. The Internet has enabled people to ______ with each other more quickly.
A. intervene B. interact C. interlink D. interconnect
15. I’ve just been told some ______ news.
A. astonish B. astonishment C. astonished D. astonishing
16. Computer is one of the most important _______ of the 20 th century.
A. inventings B. inventories C. inventions D. inventors
17. What ______ views do Americans and Asians have about love and marriage?
A. tradition B. traditionally C. traditionalism D. traditional
18. Does Mr. Ba bring his farm ______ to the local market every day?
A. productivity B. product C. production D. produce
19. Working as a volunteer helps her develop her interpersonal skills, promote friendship, and _______her own talent.
A. discovering B. to discover C. discover D. discovered
20. New machinery has enhanced the company’s productivity and ______.
A. competitor B. competition C. competitive D. competitiveness
21. The restaurants on the island are expensive, so it’s worth ______ a packed lunch.
A. taken B. taking C. to take D. take
22. The Principal usually has his pupils ______ waste paper for their mini-project.
A. collected B. collect C. to collect D. having collected
23. The language centre offers courses of various levels, such as elementary, intermediate and ______.
A. advance B. advancement C. advancing D. advanced
24. They are having their house ______ by a construction company.
A. being painted B. painted C. painting D. to paint
25. Nowadays, most students use ______ calculators in their studies and examinations.
A. electronic B. electrical C. electric D. electricity
26. My teacher reminded me ______ my essay carefully before handing it in.
A. checked B. to check C. to have checked D. checking
27. The police have begun an ______ into the accident which happened this afternoon.
A. investigate B. investigatory C. investigating D. investigation
28. Connecticut was the fifth of the original thirteen states ______ the Constitution of the United States.
A. to ratify B. ratify C. ratified D. have ratified
29. He became famous after ______ that prize.

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A. won B. winning C. win D. have won

30. The pool should not be made so deep ______ small children can be safe there.
A. if B. so as to C. though D. so that
31. ____one of the most beautiful forms of performance art, ballet’s a combination of dance & mime performed to music.
A. To consider B. Considered C. Being considering D. Considering
32. In spite of her abilities, Laura has been ______ overlooked for promotion.
A. repeat B. repeatedly C. repetition D. repetitive
33. Michael looked deeply hurt and surprised when ______.
A. having scolded B. to scold C. scolding D. scolded
34.
35. Mrs. Chau has managed the department ______ that she’ll be promoted next month.
A. too successfully B. so successfully C. too successful D. very successful
36. The girl was used ______ birthday presents from her brothers.
A. to receive B. to receiving C. to being received D. to be receiving
37. ______ his brother, Mike is active and friendly.
A. Dislike B. Unlike C. Liking D. Alike
38. ______ he got top marks at high school, he never went to university.
A. Nevertheless B. Despite C. Although D. Meanwhile
39. Sammy had worked in England for a year ______ moving to Scotland.
A. before B. once C. until D. while

PROBLEM 21: CONJUNCTIONS

1. My car would not start, _______Jenny’s started immediately.
A. whereas B. though C. however D. nevertheless
2. I won’t change my mind ______ what you say.
A. whether B. no matter C. because D. although
3. ________a movie to be entertaining, it has to have an interesting story.
A. So that B. In order that C. In order for D. In order to
4. We have to start early ____ we’ll be late for school.
A. or else B. so that C. although D. that
5. ______he was good at physics in lower grades, he was terrible at it in grade 12.
A. When B. While C. Except that D. Despite
6. Adrew came to the party _________he hadn’t been invited.
A. although B. despite C. in case D. even
7. He hurried _______ he wouldn't be late for class.
A. since B. as if C. unless D. so that
8. He has received several scholarships ______.
A. because of his academic and artistic ability B. as resulting of his ability in the art and the academic
C. not only because of his artistic but his academic D. for both his academic ability as well as his artistic ability
9. It was not until she had arrived home ______ remembered her appointment with the doctor.
A. that she B. and she C. she D. when she had
10. He agreed to sign the contract ______.
A. so he didn’t know much about that company B. in spite he knew much about it
C. because he didn’t know much about that the director D. although he didn’t know much about that company
11. ______I might, I couldn’t open the door.
A. However hard B. As try C. Try as D. No matter
12. “You can go to the party tonight______ you are sober when you come home.”
A. as long as B. as far as C. as well as D. as soon as
13. He managed to keep his job ______ the manager had threatened to sack him.
A. although B. despite C. unless D. therefore
14. We didn’t go to the zoo yesterday ______ the heavy rain.
A. because of B. in spite of C. so D. because
15. ______ stamps, my brother collects coins.
A. Except B. Besides C. Near D. Beside
16. He climbed the tree ______ before the wind blew them off.
A. in order that to pick the apples B. so as to pick the apples

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C. so that to pick the apples D. in order for the apples to pick

17. Before I left for my summer camp, my mother told me to take warm clothes with me ______ it was cold.
A. so that B. despite C. whereas D. in case
18. “Never be late for an interview, ______ you can’t get the job.”
A. otherwise B. if not C. or so D. unless
19. She built a high wall round her garden ______.
A. in order that her fruit not be stolen B. to enable people not taking her fruit
C. so that her fruit would be stolen D. to prevent her fruit from being stolen
20. The sky was cloudy and foggy. We went to the beach, ______.
A. so B. however C. even though D. yet
21. “______ you treat him, he’ll help you. He’s so tolerant.”
A. In addition to B. Even though C. As if D. No matter how
22. Bill managed to get to the train station himself ______ his leg was broken.
A. because B. because of C. in spite of D. although
23. He wondered ______ his sister looked like, because they hadn’t seen each other for a long time.
A. why B. which C. how D. what
24. Bottles of medicine must have childproof caps _____children think medicine is candy and poison themselves.
A. even though B. if so C. so that D. in case
25. He didn’t know______ or stay until the end of the festival.
A. if to go B. if that he should go C. to go D. whether to go
26. You should look up the meaning of new words in the dictionary ______ misuse them.
A. so that not to B. so not to C. so as not to D. so that not
27. ______ smoking is a causative factor of many diseases, there is no ban on tobacco advertising.
A. However B. Although C. In spite of D. Therefore
28. He is a very intelligent boy; ______, he sometimes gets bad marks.
A. otherwise B. thus C. so D. however
29. Switch off all the lights ______.
A. until you enter the room B. after you will leave the room
C. before you leave the room D. by the time you enter the room
30. ______ he was tired, he still watched the final match on TV.
A. Because B. However C. Though D. Despite
31. You can use my car ______ you drive carefully.
A. though B. as though C. as long as D. lest
32. We decided to take a late flight ______ we could spend more time with our family.
A. so as to B. in order C. so that D. in order to
33. My brother tried to learn Japanese at a night school, ______ he gave up after 2 months.
A. therefore B. when C. until D. but
34. It was not until he took up fishing ______ he began to know more about fish species.
A. what B. while C. which D. that
35. ______ my business trip to Hanoi last month, I was able to attend his wedding.
A. Because B. According to C. Thanks to D. But for
36. The student took that course ______ he could improve his English.
A. though B. in order to C. unless D. so that
37. There was no news about the lost boy, ______ we went on hoping.
A. but B. consequently C. furthermore D. moreover

OTHERS
1. What people____________Benetton stores is that the quality is always high.
A. like B. like very much C. like about D. like a lot
2. Is she a friend of ___ ?
A. yours B. you C. your D. you are
3. The cat was ____ to wait for the mouse to come out.
A. patiently enough B. too patient C. enough patient D. patient enough
4. “_________do you go to the movies?” “Once a month.”
A. How far B. What time C. How often D. How much time
5. What beautiful eyes _______!

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A. does she have B. she has C. has she D. she doesn't have
6. He hurried _______ he wouldn't be late for class.
A. since B. as if C. unless D. so that
7. Do you know _______?
A. what wrong was it with B. what's wrong with it C. what wrong was with it D. what wrong is it with
8. _______, the results couldn't be better.
A. No matter what he tried hard B. No matter how hard he tried
C. Although very hard he tried D. Despite how hard he tried
9. Le: "I can't understand how you missed the exit."
Tuong: "Well, it was so dark that ______."
A. we could see hardly the road signs B. hardly could we see the road signs
C. we could see the road signs hardly D. we could hardly see the road signs
10. They would ______ go by air than travel by train.
A. always B. better C. prefer D. rather
11. The window was so high up that ______ I could see was the sky.
A. just B. all C. only D. thus
12. John contributed fifty dollars, but he wishes he could contribute ______.
A. the same amount also B. more fifty dollars C. another fifty D. one other fifty dollars
13. “Don’t worry. I have ______ tire at the back of my car.”
A. another B. other C. others D. the other
14. Is it true that this country produces more oil than ______ ?
A. any country else B. any other countries C. any countries else D. any another country
15. ______he does sometimes annoys me very much.
A. Why B. What C. How D. When
16. The new manager explained ______ new procedures to save time and money.
A. with the staff that he hoped to establish B. to the staff that he hopes to establish
C. to the staff that he hoped to establish D. with the staff that he hopes to establish
17. Yesterday my mother bought ______.
A. beautiful Italian some cotton hats B. Italian some beautiful cotton hats
C. some beautiful Italian cotton hats D. some hats beautiful Italian cotton
18. The village was ______ visible through the dense fog.
A. mostly B. hard C. only D. barely
19. There were some rainy days, but it was a nice holiday ______.
A. by no means B. by all means C. in particular D. in general
20. Before he was 20, he developed ______ for the personal computer.
A. the world first computer's language B. the computer language for the first world
C. the world's first computer language D. the first world's computer language
21. Before going to bed, he wanted some tea but there was ______ left.
A. nothing B. a few C. any D. no
22. ______ that Columbus discovered America.
A. There was in 1492 B. That was in 1492 C. In 1492 D. It was in 1492
23. Anna is holding her shopping bag with one hand and turning the door handle with ______.
A. others B. another C. the other D. other
24. It is believed ______.
A. how is Alice a talented ballet dancer B. that Alice is a talented ballet dancer
C. why is Alice such a talented ballet dancer D. when Alice to become a talented ballet dancer
25. Susan, remember to apply this sun cream ______ two hours.
A. each B. several C. every D. some
26. She was ______ angry that she could not say a word.
A. so many B. such C. so D. too much
27. It is ______ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.
A. such an unusual B. such unusual a C. a so unusual D. so an unusual
28. We expressed ______ the missing child would be found alive.
A. the hope for B. the hope which C. as we hoped D. the hope that
29. ______ of that book has been missing.
A. The chapter two B. A second chapter C. Chapter two D. A chapter two

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30. The museum director was ______ when talking to the visitors.
A. neither professional or friendly B. both professional or friendly
C. either friendly nor professional D. both friendly and professional
31. By using their trunks, elephants can tell the shape of an object and ______ is rough or smooth, or hot or cold.
A. it B. whether it C. since it D. how
32. Twenty thousand years ago, a sheet of ice a thousand meters ______ covered part of Canada.
A. thicken B. thick C. thickly D. thickness
33. ______ has been a topic of continual geological research.
A. How did the continents form B. The continents formed
C. How the continents were formed D. If the continents formed
34. The examination was not very difficult, but it was ______ long.
A. so much B. very much C. much too D. too much
35. She asked me ______ I was looking at.
A. when B. if C. why D. what
36. Tom hasn't completed the work yet and Maria hasn't ______.
A. neither B. either C. too D. also
37. In our team, no person ______ John could finish this tough task in such a short time.
A. including B. rather than C. outside D. other than
38. We hoped ______ they would come and give us new lectures.
A. that B. what C. when D. which

CLOZE TESTS
GUIDED CLOZE TEST01.
In the world today, there are 5,000 to 6,000 living languages (1)____which English is by far
the most widely used. As a (2)____tongue, it ranks second only (3)____Chinese, (4)____is little used outside China.
Approximately 350 million people speak English as their first (5)_____. About the same number use it (6)____ a
second language. It is the English language (7)_______ is used as the language of aviation, international sport and
pop (8)_______. 75% of the world's mail is in English, 60% of the world's radio stations (9)___in English and
(10)____ than half of the world's periodicals are printed in English.
1. A. in B. of C. from D. at
2. A. second B. mother C. official D. native
3. A. after B. to C. for D. behind
4. A. that B. who C. which D. what
5. A. language B. speech C. ABC D. voice
6. A. with B. as C. so D. for
7. A. it B. what C. that D. which
8. A. films B. stars C. music D. stories
9. A. talk B. broadcast C. speak D. use
10. A. many B. much C. more D. about

GUIDED CLOZE TEST02. On November 5 th , 1872, the Mary Celeste, a ship (1) ___ in 1861 in Canada left
New York for Genoa, Italy. There were eleven people on (2) ___, Captain Briggs, his wife, his daughter and a
(3) ___ of eight.
A month (4) ___, the Mary Celeste was seen by another ship, the Dei Gratia about half way between the Azores
and the Portuguese coast. The captain of the Dei Gratia, a friend of Captain Briggs, (5) ___that the ship was sailing
strangely . He sent a boat to investigate. When these crew members came they did not see (6) ___ on the Mary Celeste.
What might have happened, and what must have happened (7) ___ these people? Some think that a sea monster
might have (8)___ the Mary Celeste. (9) ___ believe that a giant wave must have knocked them all (10) ___
the deck.
1. A. built B. building C. to build D. having built

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2. A. desk B. board C. ship D. cabin

3. A. crowd B. group C. herd D. crew
4. A. later B. before C. behind D. inward
5. A. understood B. recognized C. realized D. noticed
6. A. nothing B. anything C. no one D. anybody
7. A. with B. for C. to D. at
8. A. attacked B. bombed C. stole D. landed
9. A. Other B. Another C. The others D. Others
10. A. out B. into C. away D. from
GUIDED CLOZE TEST03.
She stood by the window for a few minutes, looking at the trails of (1) ___ rising up from the chimneys into the
grey morning (2) ___ . A bus stopped on the road between her house and the village in the valley below. Watching
the (3) ___ of passengers getting on one (4) ___ one, she felt envious of them. They could go to work, (5) ___ she was
always left at home to look (6) ___ the baby and do the housework.
She went back into the sitting room. She had not even begun to tidy (7) ___, but she couldn’t find the energy (8)____ it this
morning. She had had a terrible night and had been woken up by the baby so many (9) ___ that all she wanted to do was go
back to sleep. But she knew that it would not be (10) ___ .
1. A. smoke B. smog C. fog D. rain
2. A. sea B. valley C. field D. sky
3. A. pack B. line C. herd D. flock
4. A. with B. for C. by D. after
5. A. yet B. for C. contrary D. while
6. A. for B. after C. up D. on
7. A. down B. up C. in D. away
8. A. doing B. taking C. making D. getting
9. A. ages B. hours C. times D. nights
10. A. easy B. true C. wrong D. hard
GUIDED CLOZE TEST04.
If you live in a city, you probably see many people, hear the (1)______of traffic, and smell the pollution
(2)_____cars and factories. We are entering a new time in (3)_____history of the world. Before this, most (4)_____were
farmers. They lived in the country. Now many people are (5)_____the farms and moving into the cities. They are looking
for better jobs. The cities are growing very quickly. Most cities are very crowded. People are driving more cars, burning
more fuel, (6)_____more water, eating more food, making more garbage, and producing more things in factories than
(7)_____before. Life is becoming difficult.
Some governments are trying to plan for the future. They are building new roads, putting (8)_____new houses, looking for
more water, and limiting growth in certain areas. Still, city planners are getting worried. People are crowding into the cities
(9)_____than the cities can take them. The cities are running out (10)_____room. What is the answer to this problem?
1. A. noise B. sounds C. songs D. noisome
2. A. of B. from C. to D. about
3. A. a B. an C. the D. that
4. A. city dwellers B. inhabitants C. human beings D. people
5. A. abandoning B. going C. giving D. throwing
6. A. consuming B. boiling C. selling D. buying
7. A. that B. after C. ever D. never
8. A. down B. up C. on D. aside
9. A. faster B. more fastly C. much fastly D. fastly
10. A. with B. for C. of D. from
GUIDED CLOZE TEST05.
The next generation of telephone users will probably laugh (1)______ we explain how we used to stand next to a wall
in the kitchen to (2)______ a phone call. Mobile communications, already highly advanced compared with a
decade ago, will completely change communications in the next few years. (3)______ there are millions of people
using mobile phones, most people know (4)______ about the mobile telecommunications industry and its technology.
There are three types of mobile phone. These are hand portables, pocket-sized hand portables and transportables.
The smallest and most popular are the pocket-sized hand portables. These work on rechargeable batteries, which allow an
(5)______ of up to 80 minutes' conversation. Mobiles that are fitted permanently in a vehicle do not (6)______ on separate
batteries. They require an external aerial on the vehicle. This can mean a stronger signal with clearer (7)______.

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Transportables have a high power capability and can be used (8)______ anywhere. They come with powerful battery packs
for longer, continuous use and may also be put (9)______ a vehicle, using its electrics. They (10)______ to be bulkier than
hand portables.
1. A. unless B. when C. while D. whether
2. A. make B. give C. take D. do
3. A. In addition B. Because C. As a result D. Although
4. A. little B. some C. few D. lots
5. A. amount B. account C. activity D. average
6. A. rely B. create C. carry D. insist
7. A. wave B. letter C. speech D. speed
8. A. mostly B. hardly C. most D. almost
9. A. on with B. into C. up with D. in to
10. A. A. used B. have C. tend D. are
GUIDED CLOZE TEST06.
The wind controls our planet's weather and climate. But how much do we understand about this complex
force (1)______ can kill and spread fear?
On the night of October 15, 1987, the south of England was (2)_____ by strong winds. Gusts of over 130
km/h (3)______ through the region. Nineteen people were killed, £1.5-billion worth of damage was (4) ______ and 19
million trees were blown down in just a few hours.
Although people thought of this (5)_____ a hurricane, the winds of 1987 were only a (6)______ 7 storm. They remain far
better known than the much more serious storms of January 25, 1990, (7)______ most of Britain was hit by daytime winds
of up to 173 km/h. On this occasion, 47 people were killed, even though, (8)______ in 1987, the weather
forecasters issued accurate warnings.
Extreme weather events such as these are dramatic (9)______ of the power of the wind. It is one part of the weather that
people generally do not give a second (10)______ to, but across the world the wind plays a crucial role in people's lives.
1. A. what B. when C. which D. where
2. A. attacked B. beaten C. besieged D. struck
3. A. spread B. blew C. ran D. flew
4. A. paid B. resulted C. caused D. created
5. A. unlike B. same as C. as D. like
6. A. length B. force C. strength D. power
7. A. when B. until C. while D. why
8. A. like B. unlike C. such as D. when
9. A. remains B. recalls C. reminders D. memories
10. A. think B. help C. thought D. care
GUIDED CLOZE TEST07. Everyone wants to reduce pollution. But the pollution problem is (1)______ complicated
as it is serious. It is complicated (2)______ much pollution is caused by things that benefit people. (3)______, exhaust
from automobiles causes a large percentage of air pollution. But the automobile (4)______ transportation for
millions of people. Factories discharge much (5)______ the material that pollutes the air and water, but factories
give employment to a large number of people.
Thus, to end (6)_______ greatly reduce pollution immediately, people would have to (7)______ using many things that
benefit them. Most of the people do not want to do that, of course. But pollution can be (8)______ reduced in
several ways. Scientists and engineers can work to find ways to lessen the (9)______ of pollution that such things as
automobiles and factories cause. Governments can pass and enforce laws that (10)______ businesses and traffic to stop, or
to cut down on certain polluting activities.
1. A. as B. more C. less D. like
2. A. so B. while C. though D. because
3. A. Specific B. For example C. Such as D. Like
4. A. takes B. affords C. carries D. provides
5. A. about B. for C. of D. with
6. A. or B. and C. as well D. then
7. A. start B. continue C. stop D. go on
8. A. carefully B. unexpectedly C. gradually D. little
9. A. way B. figure C. number D. amount
10. A. forbid B. prevent C. request D. require

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GUIDED CLOZE TEST08. Around the age of sixteen, you must make one of the biggest decisions of your life. “Do I
stay on at school and hopefully go on to university (1)______? Do I leave and start work or begin a training (2)______?”
The decision is yours, but it may be (3)______ remembering two things: there is more unemployment (4)______
those who haven’t been to university, and people who have the right (5)______ will have a big advantage in the
competition for jobs. If you decide to go (6)______ into a job, there are many opportunities for training. Getting
qualifications will (7)______ you to get on more quickly in many careers, and evening classes allow you to learn
(8)______ you earn. Starting work and taking a break to study when you are older is (9)______ possibility. In this way,
you can save up money for your student days, as well as (10)______ practical work experience.
1. A. former B. past C. later D. after
2. A. term B. class C. school D. course
3. A. necessary B. important C. worth D. useful
4. A. of B. through C. among D. between
5. A. skills B. interests C. habits D. arts
6. A. instant B. just C. straight D. direct
7. A. help B. make C. give D. let
8. A. while B. what C. where D. which
9. A. another B. always C. also D. again
10. A. doing B. getting C. making D. taking
GUIDED CLOZE TEST 09.
Some time ago, scientists began experiments to find out (1)______ it would be possible to set up a “village” under the
sea. A special room was built and lowered (2)______ the water of Port Sudan in the Red Sea. For 29 days, five men lived
(3)______ a depth of 40 feet. At a (4)______ lower level, another two divers stayed for a week in a smaller “house”. On
returning to the surface, the men said that they had experienced no difficulty in breathing and had (5)______ many
interesting scientific observations. The captain of the party, Commander Cousteau, spoke of the possibility of
(6)______ the seabed. He said that some permanent stations were to be set up under the sea, and some undersea farms
would provide food for the growing population of the world.
The divers in both “houses” spent most of their time (7)______ the bottom of the sea. On four occasions, they went down
to 360 feet and observed many extraordinary (8)______ of the marine life, some of which had never been seen before.
During their stay, Commander Cousteau and his divers reached a depth of 1,000 feet and witnessed a gathering of an
immense (9)______ of crabs which numbered, perhaps, hundreds of millions. They also found out that it was (10)______
to move rapidly in the water in a special vessel known as a “diving saucer”.
1. A. how B. which C. what D. whether
2. A. underneath B. down C. below D. into
3. A. at B. in C. from D. on
4. A. more B. any C. much D. some
5. A. caught B. done C. made D. exercised
6. A. implanting B. transplanting C. growing D. cultivating
7. A. enquiring B. imploring C. exploring D. inquiring
8. A. breeds B. forms C. systems D. castes
9. A. herd B. flock C. school D. pack
10. A. hardly B. able C. possible D. capable
GUIDED CLOZE TEST10.
Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion. As the wind blows over the land, it often (1)______ small grains of
sand. When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away. In this way, (2)______ very
hard rocks are worn away by the wind.
When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries them down the (3)______. Some rocks
and soil particles are carried into streams and then into the sea.
Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wears away very slowly, and so loses very (4)______ of its soil. The
roots of plants help to (5)______ the rocks and soil in place. Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than
water that falls on bare ground. Thus, forests and grasslands (6)______ to slow down erosion.
Even where the land is (7)______ covered with plants, some erosion goes on. In the spring, the (8)______ snow turns into
a large quantity of water that then runs downhill in streams. (9)______ a stream carries away some of the soil, the stream
bed gets deeper and deeper. (10)______ thousands of years of such erosion, wide valleys are often formed.
1. A. cleans out B. picks up C. carries out D. holds up
2. A. though B. still C. such D. even
3. A. borders B. topside C. backside D. hillsides

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4. A. much B. few C. little D. large

5. A. stay B. store C. hold D. back
6. A. aid B. facilitate C. assist D. help
7. A. thickly B. scarcely C. thinly D. strongly
8. A. building B. formed C. melted D. melting
9. Until B. Although C. Till D. As
10. A. After B. During C. Among D. In
GUIDED CLOZE TEST11.
The warming of the Pacific Ocean has created weather patterns (1)______ strongly affect the world. When the
water is warm, the (2)______ of rainfall in Indonesia and the surrounding regions decreases. Australia could (3)______
experience a drought in many parts. On (4)______ hand, Chile (which borders the Pacific Ocean) is preparing for
(5)______ rainstorms. In Pakistan and northwestern India, the weather pattern makes the rainy season weaker and makes
the area much drier.
This happening is called El Nino and is used (6)______ weather forecasters to make long-range weather predictions. They
also know that El Nino will (7)______ unusually heavy rains to the southwestern part of the United States and make
the central part of the country drier at the same time.
According to research, weather forecasters (8)______ know about the coming weather with certainty. Now
everything has become completely different. El Nino itself used to be (9)______. It would occur every two to
seven years. But now, this weather pattern is becoming more frequent. We cannot say when and how often
tornadoes or cyclones occur. Scientists are unsure of the reason for this (10)______ on a global scale either.

1. A. that B. what C. when D. whether

2. A. amount B. figure C. number D. deal
3. A. even B. ever C. nevertheless D. however
4. A. others B. other C. the other D. another
5. A. severe B. cruel C. strict D. angry
6. A. on B. by C. to D. at
7. A. carry B. fetch C. bring D. take
8. A. used to B. get used to C. are used to D. used to be
9. A. notable B. remarkable C. predictable D. incredible
10. A. change B. transfer C. transformation D. shift
GUIDED CLOZE TEST 12
The well-being of America's rural people and places depends upon many things - the availability of good-paying
jobs; (1)______ to critical services such as education, health care, and communication; strong communities;
and a healthy natural environment. And, (2)______ urban America is equally dependent upon these things, the
challenges to well-being look very different in rural areas than in urban areas. Small-scale, low-density settlement
(3)______ make it more costly for communities and businesses to provide critical services. Declining jobs and income in
the natural resource-based industries that many rural areas depend on (4)______ workers in those industries to find new
ways to make a living. Low-skill, low-wage rural manufacturing industries must find new ways to challenge the
increasing number of (5)______ competitors. Distance and remoteness impede many rural areas from being
connected to the urban centers of economic activity. Finally, changes in the availability and use of natural resources
located in rural areas (6)______ the people who earn a living from those resources and those who (7)______
recreational and other benefits from them. Some rural areas have met these challenges successfully, achieved some level
of prosperity, and
are ready (8)______ the challenges of the future. Others have neither met the current challenges nor positioned themselves
for the future. Thus, concern for rural America is real. And, while rural America is a producer of critical goods and
services, the (9)______ goes beyond economics. Rural America is also home to a fifth of the Nation's people, keeper
of natural amenities and national treasures, and safeguard of a/an (10)______ part of American culture, tradition, and
history.
1. A. advantage B. key C. challenge D. access
2. A. because B. when C. since D. while
3. A. means B. patterns C. tools D. styles
4. A. turn B. make C. offer D. force
5. A. rural B. lateral C. abroad D. foreign
6. A. effect B. encourage C. affect D. stimulate
7. A. involve B. evolve C. bring D. derive

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8. A. in B. for C. with D. of
9. A. research B. stimulus C. concern D. impatience
10. A. unique B. incredible C. simple D. abnormal
GUIDED CLOZE TEST 13
Schools in the United States have not always had a large number of libraries. As (1)______ as 1958 about half of the
public schools in the United States had no libraries at all. The (2)______ of public school libraries increased
dramatically when the federal government passed the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, (3)______
provided funds for school districts to improve their education programs and facilities, including their libraries. (4)______,
many educators claim that since the legislation was passed federal spending has not increased sufficiently to meet the rising
(5)______ of new library technologies such as computer databases and Internet access.
Because the federal government provides only limited funds to schools, individual school districts (6)______
on funds from local property taxes to meet the vast majority of public school expenses. Therefore, the libraries of
public schools tend to reflect the (7)______ capabilities of the communities in which they are located. Districts in wealthy
suburbs often have fully staffed libraries (8)______ abundant resources, spacious facilities, and curricular and
instructional support. In (9)______, school districts in many poor areas house their libraries in ordinary classrooms
or in small rooms. The libraries in such areas are generally staffed by volunteers, who organize and
(10)______ books that are often out-of-date, irrelevant, or damaged.

1. A. frequently B. recently C. freshly D. newly

2. A. digit B. amount C. number D. numeral
3. A. that B. who C. which D. this
4. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Consequently D. Nevertheless
5. A. fine B. fee C. cost D. sum
6. A. go B. come C. rely D. stay
7. A. economical B. educational C. financial D. political
8. A. for B. with C. on D. by
9. A. contrast B. converse C. contrary D. conflict
10. A. maintain B. obtain C. contain D. attain
GUIDED CLOZE TEST 14
The first American immigrants, beginning more than 20,000 years ago, were intercontinental wanderers:
hunters and their families following animal (1)______ from Asia to America, across a land bridge where the Bering Strait
is today. (2)______ Spain’s Christopher Columbus “discovered” the New World in 1492, about 1.5 million Native
Americans lived in what is now the continental United States, although estimates of the number (3)______
greatly. Mistaking the place where he landed – San Salvador in the Bahamas – (4)______ the Indies, Columbus
called the Native Americans “Indians.”
During the next 200 years, people from several European countries followed Columbus across the Atlantic Ocean to
explore America and (5)______ up trading posts and colonies. Native Americans suffered (6)______ from the influx of
Europeans. The transfer of land from Indian to European – and later American – hands (7)______ accomplished
through treaties, wars, and coercion, with Indians constantly giving (8) ______ as the newcomers moved west. In
the 19th century, the government’s preferred solution to the Indian “problem” was to force tribes to inhabit specific plots
of land called reservations. Some tribes fought to keep from (9)______ land they had traditionally used. In many cases the
reservation land was (10)______ poor quality, and Indians came to depend on government assistance. Poverty and
joblessness among Native Americans still exist today.
(Extracted from InfoUSA – CD Version)
1. A. herds B. packs C. flocks D. bunches
2. A. When B. Not until C. During D. Meanwhile
3. A. modify B. adjust C. vary D. adapt
4. A. like B. for C. to D. with
5. A. bring B. go C. set D. make
6. A. deliberately B. marginally C. greatly D. vaguely
7. A. had been B. was C. have been D. were
8. A. road B. direction C. way D. signal
9. A. giving up B. coming about C. breaking down D. staying up
10. A. with B. of C. under D. in
GUIDED CLOZE TEST 15

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In addition to the challenge to be excellent, American schools have been facing novel problems. They must
(1)______ with an influx of immigrant children, many of whom speak little or no English. They must respond to
demands (2)______ the curriculum reflect the various cultures of all children. Schools must make sure that students
develop (3)______ skills for the job market, and they must consider the needs of nontraditional students, such as teenage
mothers.
Schools are (4)______ these problems in ways that reflect the diversity of the US educational system. They
are hiring or training large numbers of teachers of English (5)______ a second language and, in some communities,
setting up bilingual schools. They are opening (6)______ the traditional European-centered curriculum to embrace
material from African, Asian, and other cultures.
Schools are also teaching cognitive skills to the (7)______ 40 percent of American students who do not go on to
higher education. In the (8)______ of a recent report by the Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills, “A strong
back, the willingness to work, and a high school diploma were once all that was necessary to (9)______ a start in America.
They are no longer. A well-developed mind, a continued willingness to learn and the ability to put knowledge to
work are the new keys (10)______ the future of our young people, the success of our business, and the economic well-
being
of the nation.”
(Extracted from InfoUSA – CD Version)
1. A. cope B. stay C. fight D. do
2. A. what B. that C. whether D. who
3. A. basis B. base C. basics D. basic
4. A. discharging B. distributing C. delivering D. addressing
5. A. as B. from C. with D. like
6. A. for B. into C. up D. on
7. A. nearly B. mostly C. slightly D. fairly
8. A. directions B. words C. minds D. ways
9. A. get B. take C. make D. bring
10. A. at B. for C. to D. in
GUIDED CLOZE TEST 16
The popular image of student life is of young people with few responsibilities enjoying themselves and (1)______
very little work. This is often not true. Many older people now study at college or university, sometimes (2)______ a
part-time basis while having a job and looking after a family. These students are often (3)______ motivated and
work very hard.
Younger students are often thought to be lazy and careless about money but this (4)______ is changing. In
Britain reduced government support for higher education means that students can no longer rely on having their
expenses (5)______ for them. Formerly, students received a grant towards their living expenses. Now most can only
get a loan (6)______ has to be paid back. Since 1999 they have paid over £1 000 towards tuition (7)______ and this
amount will increase up to a maximum of £3 000. In the US students already (8)______ pay for tuition and room and
board. Many get a financial aid package which may (9)______ grants, scholarships and loans. The fear of having large
debts places (10)______ pressure on students and many take part-time jobs during the term and work full-time in the
vacations.
(Extracted from Oxford Guide to British and American Culture – Oxford Advanced Learner’s Compass)
1. A. doing B. carrying C. producing D. making
2. A. for B. with C. at D. on
3. A. mainly B. highly C. adequately D. absolutely
4. A. state B. condition C. position D. situation
5. A. paid B. paying C. pay D. to pay
6. A. whether B. which C. who D. what
7. A. allowances B. money C. charge D. fees
8. A. have to B. had better C. may D. should
9. A. consist B. belong C. compose D. include
10. A. generous B. considerable C. considerate D. large
GUIDED CLOZE TEST 17
In a world where 2 billion people live in homes that don't have light bulbs, technology holds the key (1)______
banishing poverty. Even the simplest technologies can transform lives and save money. Vaccines, crops, computers
and sources of solar energy can all reduce poverty in developing countries. For example, cheap oral-rehydration therapy
developed in Bangladesh has dramatically cut the death (2)______ from childhood diarrhoea.

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But even when such technologies exist, the depressing fact is that we can’t make them (3)______ for those who most
need them. Solar panels, batteries and light bulbs are still beyond the purse of many, but where they have been installed
they change lives. A decent light in the evening gives children more time for homework and extends the productive
day for adults.
Kenya has a thriving solar industry and six years ago Kenyan pioneers also (4)______ connecting schools to the
Internet via radio links. These people were fortunate (5)______being able to afford solar panels, radios and old computers.
How much bigger would the impact be if these things (6)_____ and priced specifically for poor people?
Multinationals must become part of the solution, because (7)_____they own around 60 % of the world's technology, they
seldom make products for poor customers. Of 1,223 new drugs marketed worldwide from 1975 to 1996, for example,
just 13 were for tropical diseases.
People think those enterprises should do more to provide vital products such as medicines (8)______ different prices
around the world to suit (9)______ people can afford. Alternatively, they could pay a percentage of their profit
towards research and development for (10)______.
Adapted from “The Price is Wrong” in “Focus on IELTS Foundations” by Sue O’Connell, Pearson Longman, 2006
1. A. to B. at C. with D. for
2. A. amount B. penalty C. toll D. number
3. A. enough cheaply B. cheap enough C. enough cheap D. cheaply enough
4. A. were starting B. had started C. started D. have been starting
5. A. in B. at C. by D. on
6. A. have been made B. were made C. are made D. made
7. A. unless B. however C. when D. while
8. A. with B. to C. at D. on
9. A. which B. what C. where D. that
10. A. the poor B. the rich C. the wealthy D. the better-off
GUIDED CLOZE TEST 18
In most of the earliest books for children, illustrations were an afterthought. But in the Caldecott "toy
books" which first (1)______ in 1878, they were almost (2)______ important as the lines of text, and
occupied far more space in the book. One can almost read the story from the dramatic action in the pictures. (3)______
then, thousands of successful picture books have been published in the United States and around the world. In the
best, the words and illustrations seem to complement each other perfectly. Often a single person is responsible
(4)______ both writing and illustrating the book. One of (5)______, and certainly one of the most successful,
illustrator-authors was Dr. Seuss, (6)______ real name was Theodor Geisel. His first children's book, And to Think That I
Saw It on Mulberry Street, hit the market in 1937, and the world of children's literature was changed forever. Seuss's
playful drawings were a perfect complement to his engaging stories and (7)______ characters. In 1957, Seuss's The Cat in
the Hat (8)______ the first book in Random House's best-selling series, Beginner Books, written by Seuss and several
(9)______ authors. These combine outrageous illustrations of people, creatures, and plants, and playful stories written
(10)______ very simple language.
From “The Complete Guide to the TOEFL Tests” by Bruce Rogers
1. A. emerged B. happened C. appeared D. showed
2. A. most B. as C. less D. more
3. A. By B. Till C. Since D. Before
4. A. with B. at C. to D. for
5. A. the greater B. the greatness C. the great D. the greatest
6. A. whose B. who’s C. who D. whom
7. A. forgetting B. forgotten C. unforgettable D. forgetful
8. A. became B. would become C. had become D. has become
9. A. each other B. one another C. other D. another
10. A. at B. about C. in D. from
GUIDED CLOZE TEST 19
Why is it that many teenagers have the energy to play computer games until late at night but can't find the energy to
get out of bed (1)_______ for school? According to a new report, today's generation of children are in danger of getting
so (2)________ sleep that they are putting their mental and physical health at (3)________. Adults can easily
survive on seven to eight hours' sleep a night, (4)________ teenagers require nine or ten hours. According to medical
experts, one in five youngsters (5)_________ anything between two and five hours' sleep a night less than their parents did
at their age.

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This (6)_________ serious questions about whether lack of sleep is affecting children's ability to concentrate
at school. The connection between sleep deprivation and lapses in memory, impaired reaction time and poor concentration
is well (7)_________. Research has shown that losing as little as half an hour's sleep a night can have profound effects
(8)________ how children perform the next day. A good night's sleep is also crucial for teenagers because it is while they
are asleep (9)________ they release a hormone that is essential for their 'growth spurt' (the period during teenage years
when the body grows at a rapid rate). It's true that they can, to some (10)________, catch up on sleep at weekends,
but that won't help them when they are dropping off to sleep in class on a Friday afternoon.
By Tim Falla and Paul A. Davies. Solutions Advanced. OUP
1. A. in time B. at time C. behind time D. about time
2. A. less B. little C. few D. much
3. A. risk B. danger C. threat D. jeopardy
4. A. because B. so C. or D. whereas
5. A. makes B. puts C. gets D. brings
6. A. rises B. raises C. comes D. results
7. A. arranged B. organized C. established D. acquired
8. A. on B. in C. at D. to
9. A. where B. that C. which D. at which
45. A. level B. rate C. extent D. point

ERROR IDENTIFICATION
1. If you need to keep fit, then why not take on a sport such as badminton or tennis?
A B C D
2. Modern transportation can speed a doctor to the side of a sick person, even if the patient lives on an isolating farm
A B C D
3. Tom’s very good at science when his brother is absolutely hopeless.
A B C D
4. When her dog died, she cried very hardly for half an hour.
A B C D
5. Daisy has such many things to do that she has no time to go out.
A B C D
6. Both Mr. and Mrs. Smith are explaining the children the rules of the game.
A B C D
7. A child of noble birth, his name was famous among the children in that school.
A B C D
8. Helen likes to listen to music, to go to the cinema, to chat on the phone and going shopping.
A B C D
9. You can enjoy a sport without joining in a club or belonging to a team.
A B C D
10. Unlike many writings of her time, she was not preoccupied with morality.
A B C D
11. It is time the government helped the unemployment to find some jobs.
A B C D
12. Nora hardly never misses an opportunity to play in the tennis tournaments.
A B C D
13. My mother doesn’t care how much does the washing machine cost because she is going to buy it anyway.
A B C D
14. Due of the government’s policy, some farming areas have been abandoned.
A B C D
15. The British national anthem, calling “God Save the Queen”, was a traditional song in the 18th century.
A B C D
16. Found in the 12 th century, Oxford University ranks among the world’s oldest universities.
A B C D
17. Bill was about average in performance in comparison with other students in his class.
A B C D
18. Even though the extremely bad weather in the mountains, the climbers decided not to cancel their climb.
A B C D

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19. The media have produced live covering of Michael Jackson’s fans around the world mourning for him
A B C D
20. Although smokers are aware that smoking is harmful to their health, they can’t get rid it.
A B C D
21. Each of the beautiful cars in the shop was quickly sold to their owner.
A B C D
22. It was a six-hours journey; we were completely exhausted when we arrived.
A B C D
23. Being that he was a good swimmer, John managed to rescue the child.
A B C D
24. I’d like to see him in my office the moment he will arrive.
A B C D
25. Professor Jones said that a good way to improve your language are learning to practise it frequently.
A B C D
26. A professor of economy and history at our university developed a new theory of
A B
the relationship between historical events and financial crises.
C D
27. During our tour of the refinery, it was seen that both propane and gasoline were produced in large volumes.
A B C D
28. Publishing in the UK, the book has won a number of awards in recent regional book fairs.
A B C D
29. Hardly did he enter the room when all the lights went out.
A B C D
30. The first requirements for you to become a mountain climber are your strong passion and you’ve good health.
A B C D
31. The bigger of the three daily meals for most American families is dinner, served at about six o’clock.
A B C D
32. The word “scuba” is actually a synonym that comes from the phrase “self-contained underwater breathing apparatus”.
A B C D

33. Building thousands of years ago, the ancient palace is popular with modern tourists.
A B C D
34. The old woman cannot remember the place where she kept her saving.
A B C D
35. I found my new contact lenses strangely at first, but I got used to them in the end.
A B C D
36. Most greetings cards are folding and have a picture on the front and a message inside.
A B C D
37. Aloha is a Hawaiian word meaning ‘love’, that can be used to say hello or goodbye.
A B C D
38. The Oxford Dictionary is well known for including many different meanings of words and to give real examples.
A B C D
39. When writing or speaking English it’s important to use language that includes both men and women equally the same

A B C D
40. It was disappointing that almost of the guests left the wedding too early.
A B C D
41. Not until he got home he realised he had forgotten to give her the present.
A B C D
42. A novel is a story long enough to fill a complete book, in that the characters and events are usually imaginary.
A B C D
43. A lot of people stop smoking because they are afraid their health will be affected and early death.
A B C D
44. He has hardly never given a more impressive performance than this.
A B C D

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45. The student must have her assessment form fill in by the examiner during the oral exam.
A B C D
46. Being that he was a good swimmer, John managed to rescue the child.
A B C D
47. I’d like to see him in my office the moment he will arrive.
A B C D
48. Professor Jones said that a good way to improve your language are learning to practise it frequently.
A B C D
49. The children wish that they have more free time to play football.
A B C D
50. Opened the letter from her boyfriend, she felt extremely excited.
A B C D
51. In spite of the heavy rain, all we enjoyed the excursion.
A B C D
52. Wood is an excellent resource for heating homes, cooking food, and build houses.
A B C D
53. A dolphin can communicate with other by making distinctive sounds.
A B C D
54. I like the fresh air and green trees of the village which I spent my vacation last year.
A B C D
55. Some people often say that using cars is not as convenient than using motorbikes.
A B C D
56. It was not until the end of prehistoric times that the first wheeled vehicles appearing.
A B C D
57. In the early 1900's, Pennsylvania's industries grew rapidly, a growth sometimes accompanied by disputes labor.
A B C D
58. Looking from afar, the village resembles a small green spot dotted with tiny fireballs.
A B C D
59. The staff worked throughout the night to meeting the client’s deadline.
A B C D
60. “Which is busiest city in Vietnam?” asked Tom.
A B C D
61. I remember that I danced not goods the first time I did the tango.
A B C D
62. The wooden fence surrounded the factory is beginning to fall down because of the rain.
A B C D
63. While models of automobiles date back as far as 1600's, the 1880's seen the first commercial interest in the vehicle.
A B C D
64. Globally and internationally, the 1990's stood out as the warmest decade in the history of weather records.
A B C D
65. When precipitation occurs, some of it evaporates, some runs off the surface it strikes, and some sinking into the
ground
A B C D
66. Of all the art-related reference and research library in North America, that of the
A B
Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City is among the largest and most complete.
C D
67. A warning printed on a lifebuoy says:“This’s not a life-saving device. Children should be accompany by their
parents.”
A B C D
68. Different fourteen crops were grown 8,600 years ago by some of the world’s earliest farmers.
A B C D
69. After our discussion, we decided to take a later flight so that we can spend more time with the clients.
A B C D
70. As the old one, this new copier can perform its functions in half the time.
A B C D

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71. The assumption that smoking has bad effects on our health have been proved.
A B C D
72. Our astronauts chosen for fly spacecraft were selected from military test pilots.
A B C D
73. These exercises look easy, but they are very relatively difficult for us.
A B C D

WRITING
1. It's common knowledge that he has been in prison several times.
 He is known to have been in prison for several times.
2. 'I hate to be criticised by non-professionals,' the film star said.
 The film star objected to being criticised by non-professionals.
3. She can't get into the habit of studying every evening.
 She can't get used studying every night
4. I regret not paying much attention to the lecture.
 I wish I had paid much attention to the lecture.
5. Perhaps I didn't get a better job because I didn't study hard enough.
 I might have got/gotten a better job if I had studied hard enough.
6. Please don't mention it again.
 I'd rather you didn’t mention it again.
7. Ms. Quyen began teaching Chinese ten years ago.
 Ms. Quyen has been teaching Chinese for 10 years.
8. We haven't visited the museum before.
This is the first time we’ve visited the museum./ this is our first visit to the museum.
9. Peter missed the train because he woke up too late.
 If Peter hadn’t woken up too late, he wouldn’t have missed the train.
10. The robber forced the cashier to hand over the money.
 The cashier was forced to hand over the money (by the robber).
11. The remark was so unexpected that she didn’t know what to say.
 It was such an unexpected remark that she didn’t know what to say.
12. You’re the worst guitarist in the world.
 No one else in the world plays the guitar as/so badly as you (do)
13. It was a waste of time writing that letter.
 I needn’t have written that letter.
14. “Let’s check everything once more,” said the man in chief.
 The man in chief suggested checking everything once more/ that they check (should) everything once more.
15. Although the fish appears to be harmless, it is quite dangerous.
 Contrary to its harmless appearance, it’s quite dangerous.
16. The students really appreciate the teacher’s sense of humor.
 What the students really appreciate is the teacher’s sense of humor.
17. It is acknowledged that Vietnam had a complete control over SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic.
 Vietnam is acknowledged to have had a complete control over SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic.
18. He didn’t remember anything about it, and neither did she.
 He forgot all/everything about it, and so did she.
19. We couldn’t have managed it if our father hadn’t encouraged us.
 If it hadn’t been for my father’s encouragement, we couldn’t have managed it.
20. I wish I had applied for that job.
 It is a pity/ regret that I hadn’t applied for that job.
21. What particularly impressed me was her knowledge of world history.
 It was her knowledge of world history that particularly impressed me.
22. “ Shall I carry the suitcase for you, Pauline?” said John.
 John offered to carry the suitcase for Pauline.
23. I’m sorry now that I didn’t tell you the truth.
 I wish I had told you the truth.

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22. I feel uncomfortable to be in a room where everybody is shouting.

 I can’t stand being in a room where everybody is shouting.
25. Man continues to take minerals from the earth in immense quantities.
 Minerals continue to be taken from the earth in immense qualities.
26. She never seems to succeed even though she works hard.
 However hard she works, she never seems to succeed.
27. The Picasso painting was so expensive that nobody could buy it.
 So expensive was the Picasso painting that nobody could buy/afford it.
28. “Where is the head waiter? I must speak to him.”
 The customer insisted on speaking to the head waiter/ that he had to speak to the head waiter.
29. These old men can’t be made to change.
 It is hard/impossible/difficult to make these old men change.
30. When she heard the news, she broke down.
 On hearing the news, she broke down.
31. Barbara didn’t wear the raincoat, so she got a cold.
 If Barbara had worn the raincoat, she wouldn’t have had a cold.
32. “If I were you, I would go to see the doctor”, David said to Claudia.
 David advised Claudia to go to see the doctor/ that she (should) go to see the doctor.
33. The bread was too stale to eat.
 The bread wasn’t fresh enough to eat.
34. John Smith is a farmer. I bought his land.
 John Smith, whose land I bought, is a farmer.
35. We were all surprised when she suddenly came back.
 All of us found it surprising when she suddenly came back.
36. Because she was irritated by her husband’s lack of punctuality, she left him.
 Because of her irritation with her husband’s lack of punctuality, she left him.
37. She usually drinks a glass of milk before going to bed every night.
 She is used to drinking a glass of milk before going to bed every night
38. I can’t help feeling worried about Tom.
 I find it impossible not to worry about Tom
39. She said, “John, I’ll show you round my city when you’re here.”
 She promised to show John around her city (when he’s there.)
40. The film didn’t come up to my expectations.
 The film fell short of my expectations
41. James was the last to know about the change of schedule.
 Everyone had heard about the change of schedule before James did.
42. “Why don’t you reply to the President’s offer right now?” said Mary to her husband.
 Mary suggested that her husband should reply to the President’s offer without delay.
43. "Would you like some more beer?" he asked.
 He offered me some more beer.
44. Wealthy as they were, they were far from happy.
 Although they were wealthy, they were not happy.
45. “Stop smoking or you’ll be ill,” the doctor told me.
 The doctor advised me to give up smoking to avoid illness.
46. The woman was too weak to lift the suitcase.
 So weak was the woman that she couldn't lift the suitcase.
47. He behaved in a very strange way. That surprised me a lot.
 He behaved very strangely, which surprised me very much.
48. The test we did last time was more difficult than this one.
 This test is not as difficult as the one we did last time.
49. “Please repeat what you said, John,” she said.
 She asked John to repeat what he had said.
50. “No, it’s not true. I didn’t steal the money!” Jean said.
 Jean denied having stolen the money.
51. I was astonished that he knew a lot about Vietnamese food.
 That he knew a lot about Vietnamese food amazed me.

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52. “If I were you, I would not choose to write about such a sensitive topic,” the teacher said.
 The teacher advised me against writing about such a sensitive topic.
53. “We lost the last game because of the referee,” said the team captain.
 The team captain blamed the referee for their loss in the last game.
54. Fiona has been typing the report for an hour.
 It is an hour since Fiona started to type the report.
55. “Please accept my apology for arriving late,” said Janet to her employer.
 Janet apologised to her employer for her late arrival.
56. “May I see your passport, Mrs Scott?” said the customs officer.
 The customs officer asked to see Mrs Scott’s passport.
57. I have never used a more fascinating MP3 player than this one.
 This is the most fascinating MP3 player I’ve ever used
58. “How brave you are!” he said to the firemen.
 He praised the firemen for their courage.
59. As I did not work hard enough, I did not pass the exam.
 If I had worked harder, I would have passed the exam.
60. Peter often mowed the lawn for me on Saturday mornings.
 I used to have Peter mow the lawn on Saturday mornings.
61. “If I were you, I would take this chance for further study,” he said to her.
 He advised her to take that chance to study further.
62. This is the most interesting novel I’ve ever read.
 I have never read such an interesting novel / read a more interesting novel than this one
63. I can’t cook as well as my mother can.
 My mother can cook better than I (can)/me
64. The noise next door did not stop until after midnight.
 It was not until after midnight that the noise next door stopped.
65. You can ring this number whenever there is any difficulty.
 Should there be any difficulty, you can ring this number
66. “I didn’t break the vase of flowers,” the boy said.
 The boy denied breaking/ having broken the vase of flowers
67. Mary is pretty but Camry is prettier.
 Camry is the prettier of the two girls.
68. This is the best film I’ve ever seen.
 I’ve never seen such a good film/never seen a better film than this one
69. My school has over 2,000 students.
 There are over/more than 2,000 students in my school.
70. People say that the plane of Germanwings crashed into the mountains.
 It is said that the plane of Germanwings crashed into the mountains.
71. He tries to learn English well so as to find a good job.
 He tries to learn English well with a view to finding a good job.
76. I last saw Bob when I was in Ho Chi Minh City.
 I haven’t seen Bob since I was in HCM City
77. If I won a big prize in a lottery, I’d give up my job.
 Were I to win a big prize in lottery, I’d give up my job.
78. Working so much will make you tired.
 It’s working so much will make you tired.
79. “I haven’t finished the assignment yet. I’m really sorry”.
 The boy apologized for not having finished/ not finishing the assignment.
80. Even though the team played well, they lost.
 Despite the fact that the team played well, they lost.

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READING TOPIC 1: POLLUTION

WATER, AIR AND SOIL CONTAMINATION
Activity I: Matching the word/phrase with its definition

1. environmental concerns a. happening too soon or before the usual time

2. contaminated b. discharged liquids
3. pesticides c. the movement of fresh air around
4. premature d. rainfall
5. access e. a substance which can cause cancer
6. sewage f. polluted
7. ventilation g. a sudden start of something
8. carcinogen h. chemicals used to kill pests (as rodents or insects)
9. precipitation i. the opportunitiy to use, obtain st
10. outbreak k. worries about the environment

Activity 2: Match the word with its antonyms

1. contaminated a. unpayable
2. infectious b. released
3. afford c. inhale
4. proper d. expensive
5. trapped e. increase
6. breathe out f. noncommunicable
7. reduce g. producer
8. wealthy h. clean
9. consumer i. poor
10. inexpensive k. wrong

READING COMPREHENSION: POLLUTION

Pollution is an environmental concern for people throughout the world. One university study suggests
that pollutants in the water, air, and soil cause up to 40 percent of the premature deaths in the world's population. The
majority of these deaths occur in developing countries.
Water in many third world countries is contaminated with toxic chemicals, also known as toxins. The World Health
Organization (WHO) estimates that 1.1 billion people have little or no access to clean water. In many of these regions the
water that is used for drinking, cooking, and washing is the same water that is used for dumping sewage and hazardous
waste. Most developing countries cannot afford water treatment facilities. Approximately 80% of infectious diseases in the
world are caused by contaminated water.
Air pollution is a growing problem throughout the world. Indoor air pollution is one of the leading causes of lung
cancer. Families in developing countries use open stoves for cooking and heating their homes. These homes do not have
proper ventilation. The smoke, which is full of chemicals and carcinogens, gets trapped inside where families eat and
sleep. Outdoor pollution also causes disease and illness, especially in industrial cities such as Beijing, China, where cancer
is the leading cause of death. China relies heavily on coal, which is considered the dirtiest source of energy. According to
the European Union, only 1% of urban dwellers in China breathe clean air on an average day. Neighbouring countries
including Japan and Korea receive much of China's pollution in the form of acid rain. This pollution results mainly from
the coal powered factories, which produce inexpensive goods for North American and European consumers. Outdoor air
pollution is also a concern in many wealthy countries. Those who live and work in urban centres such as Los Angeles or
Toronto experience many warm days beneath a layer of smog.
Soil pollution is also a major concern, both in industrial and developing countries. Pollutants such as metals
and pesticides seep into the earth's soil and contaminate the food supply. Soil pollution causes major health risks to entire
ecosystems. This type of pollution reduces the amount of land suitable for agricultural production and contributes to global
food shortages. Dumping of industrial and domestic waste products produces much of the world's soil pollution, though
natural disasters can also add to the problem. In wealthy countries such as the US, protection agencies monitor the food
supply. The public is generally warned before major health outbreaks occur. Developing countries do not have this luxury.
Farmers in poor nations grow food in contaminated soil both to earn a living and to avoid starvation.

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As more people move to urban centres, premature deaths caused by pollution are expected to increase worldwide.
Today, the developed nations who achieved their wealth at the expense of the environment will be held accountable for
protecting the earth's resources for future generations.

1. Garbage that requires careful disposal is called_________waste.

A. sewer B. hazardous C. dumping D. domestic
2. This is a form of precipitation that contains pollution.       
A. contamination B. smog C. acid rain D. sewage
3. Something that is one of the most important issues or concerns is a          
A. purity B.  priority C. privacy D. practicality
4. Windows and fans provide important __________        
A. pollution B. prioritization C. contamination D. ventilation
5. __________regions are often contaminated with air pollution.
A. Chemical B. Carcinogen C. smog D. industrial
6. According to the article, what causes 40% of the world's premature deaths?         
A. soil polution B. water pollution C. air pollution D. all of them
7. What is the main reason people die of waterborne illnesses?  
A. fishing pollutes the water B. climate changes
C. water treatment is too expensive D. people do nothing    
8. Which is the main cause of lung cancer in third world countries?    
A. carcinogens in water supply B. indoor air pollution
C. hazardous waste in the home D. Los Angeles factories
9. According to the article, where is cancer the leading cause of death?   
A. California B. Toronto C. Beijing D. Europe
10. Which is NOT mentioned as a source of soil pollution? Choose two.
A. hazardous wastes B. uses of pesticides C. smoke from factories D. traffic exhausts
Important vocabulary and phrases
Environmental concern Mối quan ngại về [Link] Pollutant Chất gây ô nhiễm
Premature death Sự chết non, chết yểu Occur Happen/ take place
(be) contaminated (be) polluted Have no access to Ko có, ko tiếp cận được
Dumping sewage Nước thải sinh hoạt Cannot afford Ko chi trả được
Infectious disease Bệnh lây nhiễm Noncommunicable ~ Bệnh ko lây nhiểm
Leading cause of Nguyên nhân chính Proper ventilation Sự thông gió hợp lý
Carcinogen Chất gây ung thư Rely on Depend on: dựa vào
Urban dwellers Người sống ở thành thị Smog Sương khói
Pesticides Thuốc trừ sâu Ecosystem Hệ sinh thái
Contribute to Góp phần vào Food shortage Sự thiếu hụt thực phẩm
Food supply Sự cung cấp thực phẩm Soil pollution Ô nhiểm đất trồng
Domestic waste Chất thải sinh hoạt Natural disaster Thảm hoạ tự nhiên
Starvation Sự chết đói Be held accoutable for Phải chịu trách nhiệm về
Developing countries Các nước đang phát triển Neighbouring countries Các quốc gia lân cận
Coal powered factories nhà máy sử dụng than đá Wealthy countries Các quốc gia giàu có
Ecosystem Hệ sinh thái Contribute to (n, ving) Góp phần vào
Soil pollution Ô nhiểm đất trồng Future generations Các thế hệ tương lai

READING COMPREHENSION GLOBAL WARMING (THPTQG 2015)

Activity I: Matching the word/phrase in column A with its definition in column B

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. escape (from) a. the movement from one country or locality to another
2. hatch b. the measure of how hot or cold something is
3. elevation c. state of being the only one of its kind
4. habitat d. watch carefully in order to learn
5. unique e. get used to by changing behaviour, ideas...
6. dwindle f. the natural environment in which one lives or grows.

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7. temperature g. come out of the egg by breaking the shell

8. migration h. become smaller, weaker, or less in number.
9. adjust (to) i. distance of something above a reference point (i.g: sea level)
10. observe k. succeed in getting away from...

Activity 2: Matching the words in column A with their antonyms in column B

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. marine a. feasible
2. magnitude b. settle
3. impossible c. encourage
4. widespread d. cooling
5. unique e. enlarge
6. dwindle f. circumscribe
7. warming g. littleness
8. migrate h. shorten
9. prolong i. popular
10. prevent k. terrestrial

READING COMPRENSION PRACTICE

Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have
already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching
earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer
temperatures.
With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations.
Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however,
human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south
may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are
especially at risk because migration to new habitats is impossible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in
the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther north to go.
Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to
50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate
of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire
ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.
Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean
temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral.
Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and
death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the
acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.
From "Global Warming" by Michael Mastrandrea and Stephen H. Schneider
1. Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers to ______.
A. die instantly B. bloom earlier C. become lighter D. lose color
2. According to paragraph 2, when their habitats grow warmer, animals tend to move ______.
A. south-eastwards and down mountainsides toward lower elevations
B. north-westwards and up mountainsides toward higher elevations
C. toward the North Pole and down mountainsides toward lower elevations
D. toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations
3. The pronoun “those” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. species B. ecosystems C. habitats D. areas
4. The phrase “dwindling sea ice” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. the frozen water in the Arctic B. the violent Arctic Ocean
C. the melting ice in the Arctic D. the cold ice in the Arctic
5. It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celsius degrees, ______.
A. half of the earth’s surface would be flooded B. the sea level would rise by 20 centimeters
C. water supply would decrease by 50 percent D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct
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6. According to the passage, if some species are not able to adjust quickly to warmer temperatures, ______.
A. they may be endangered B. they can begin to develop
C. they will certainly need water D. they move to tropical forests
7. The word “fragile” in paragraph 4 most probably means ______.
A. very large B. easily damaged C. rather strong D. pretty hard
8. The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates ______.
A. the water absorption of coral reefs B. the quick growth of marine mammals
C. the blooming phase of sea weeds D. the slow death of coral reefs
9. The level of acidity in the ocean is increased by ______.
A. the rising amount of C02 entering the ocean B. the decrease of acidity of the pole waters
C. the extinction of species in coastal areas D. the loss of acidity in the atmosphere around the earth
10. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Influence of climate changes on human lifestyles B. Effects of global warming on animals and plants
C. Global warming and possible solutions D. Global warming and species migration

words/ phrases to remember

1. plants and animals Động thực vật 2. find it + adj Cảm thấy, thấy (adj)
3. escape Trốn thoát 4. adjust Điều chỉnh
5. effect Tác động, ảnh hưởng 6. global warming Sự nóng lên toàn cầu
7. observe Quan sát 8. shift Sự chuyển đổi, thay đổi
9. lifecycle Vòng đời 10. bloom Nở
11. hatch Nở (trứng) 12. migration pattern Mô hình, kiểu di cư
13. tend (to do st) Có khuynh hướng 14. elevation Độ cao
15. seek Tìm kiếm 16. habitat Môi trường sống
17. block Cản trở, ngăn cản 18. become extinct Trở nên tuyệt chủng
19. unique Độc nhất, duy nhất 20. ecosystem Hệ sinh thái
21. at risk Gặp nguy hiểm, bị đe dọa 22. marine Thuộc biển
23. mammal Động vật có vú 24. (be) threatened Bị đe dọa
25. dwindle Thu hẹp, co lại 26. estimate Ước lượng
27. be committed to Phải, bị 28. magnitude Lớn, cực đại
29. fragile = vulnerable Mong manh, dễ tổn thương 30. coral reefs Rặng san hô
31. be affected Bị ảnh hưởng 32. prolong Kéo dài

READING COMPREHENSION CLIMATIC CHANGES (CD2012)

Activity I: match the words in Column A with their meaning in Column B

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. climatology a. without artificial help
2. take place b. gave out
3. naturally c. never happened before.
4. emitted d. a meeting of heads of governments
5. monitor e. take in
6. unprecedented f. control
7. drought g. occur
8. deforestation h. the study of climates
9. submit i. a long period of time with no rain fall.
10. absorb j. the destruction of woods

Activity 2: Match the words in column A with their antonyms

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. gradually a. descending
2. rapid b. object to
3. agree with c. good for
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4. flood d. minor
5. harmful to e. add to
6. obsorb f. indifferent
7. major g. suddenly
8. reduce h. drought
9. concerned i. emit
10. rising j. slow
Read the following passage on climate change, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 10.
Experts in climatology and other scientists are becoming extremely concerned about the changes to our climate
which are taking place. Admittedly, climate changes have occurred on our planet before. For example, there have
been several ice ages or glacial periods.
These climatic changes, however, were different from the modern ones in that they occurred gradually and, as
far as we know, naturally. The changes currently being monitored are said to be the result not of natural causes, but of
human activity. Furthermore, the rate of change is becoming alarmingly rapid.
The major problem is that the planet appears to be warming up. According to some experts, this warming process,
known as global warming, is occurring at a rate unprecedented in the last 10,000 years. The implications for the planet are
very serious. Rising global temperatures could give rise to such ecological disasters as extremely high increases in the
incidence of flooding and of droughts. These in turn could have a harmful effect on agriculture.
It is thought that this unusual warming of the Earth has been caused by so-called greenhouse gases, such as carbon
dioxide, being emitted into the atmosphere by car engines and modern industrial processes, for example. Such gases
not only add to the pollution of the atmosphere, but also create a greenhouse effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped.
This leads to the warming up of the planet.
Politicians are also concerned about climate change and there are now regular summits on the subject,
attended by representatives from around 180 of the world's industrialized countries. Of these summits, the most important
took place in Kyoto in Japan in 1997. There it was agreed that the most industrialized countries would try to reduce the
volume of greenhouse gas emissions and were given targets for this reduction of emissions.
It was also suggested that more forests should be planted to create so-called sinks to absorb greenhouse
gases. At least part of the problem of rapid climate change has been caused by too drastic deforestation. Sadly, the targets
are not being met. Even more sadly, global warnings about climate changes are often still being regarded as
scaremongering.
(From Read and Understand 2 by Betty Kirkpatrick & Rebecca Mok - Learners Publishing Pte Ltd 2005)
1. According to the passage, in what way did the climate changes in the ice ages differ from the modern ones?
A. They occurred naturally over a long period of time. B. They were fully monitored by humans.
C. They were partly intended. D. They were wholly the result of human activity.
2. The word “alarmingly” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. disappointingly B. worryingly C. disapprovingly D. surprisingly
3. According to the passage, agriculture could ______.
A. make the global warming more serious B. give rise to many ecological disasters
C. be indirectly affected by the global temperature rises D. be directly damaged by the rises in global temperature
4. Greenhouse gases cause the warming up of the Earth because they ______.
A. trap heat from the sun B. do not add to atmosphere pollution
C. are emitted by car engines D. are unusual gases
5. According to the passage, 1997 witnessed ______.
A. the most important summit on climate change taking place in Kyoto, Japan
B. the largest number of summits on the subject of climate change
C. the highest attendance by representatives from 180 industrialised countries
D. widespread concern about climate change
6. It can be inferred from the passage that the countries which are mainly responsible for global warming are ______.
A. the most industrialised countries B. countries with the warmest climate
C. developing countries D. developed countries
7. The word “There” in paragraph 5 refers to ______.
A. the world’s industrialised countries B. regular summits on climate change
C. the 1997 summit in Kyoto, Japan D. the most industrialised countries
8. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?
A. The so-called sinks created by forests can absorb greenhouse gases.
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B. The problem of rapid climate change has been caused mainly by deforestation.
C. Carbon dioxide is one of the gases that may cause the so-called greenhouse effect.
D. Politicians are among those who are concerned about climate change.
9. The word “drastic” in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. hard B. severe C. widespread D. obvious
10. What is probably the writer’s attitude toward global warming?
A. Optimistic B. Positive C. Pessimistic D. Neutral
* words/ phrases to remember
1. expert (n) Chuyên gia 2. Climatology (v) Khí hậu học
3. concerned about (a) Quan ngại về 4. climate (n) Khí hậu
5. admittedly (adv) Phải nói thật là, thú nhận là 6. occur (v) happen, take place
7. ice ages Kỷ băng hà 8. glacial period Thời kỳ băng giá
9. gradually (adv) Từ từ, dần dần 10. monitor (v) Quản lý, điều khiển
11. human activity Hoạt động của con người 12. alarmingly (adv) Đáng báo động
13. rapid Very fast 14. major problem Vấn đề chính
15. appear to be + adj có vẻ như là... 16. unprecedented (a) Chưa từng có trước đây
17. implication (n) Sự ám chỉ, ẩn ý 18. incidence (n) Sự xảy ra thường xuyên
19. flood (n) Lũ lụt 20. have harmful effects on Có những ảnh hưởng xấu
tới
21. agriculture (n) Nông nghiệp 22. so-called (a) Cái gọi là
23. greenhouse gases (n) Khí gây hiệu ứng nhà kính 24. emit (v) Thải ra, thải vào
25. industrial process (n) Hoạt động công nghiệp 26. summit (n) Cuộc học của nguyên thủ
27. representative (n) Đại biểu, đại diện 28. reduce (v) Giảm xuống
29. give targets for Đặt mục tiêu cho 30. absorb (v) Hấp thụ
31. drastic (a) Mạnh mẽ, dữ dội 32. deforestation (n) Sự phá rừng
33. (be) regarded as Được xem là, xem như là 34. scaremongering (n) Việc phao tin, đồn nhảm
35. amount of (n) Lượng + D. từ 0 đếm được 36. rainfall (n) Lượng mưa = precipitation
37. on the other hand (conj) Mặt khác 38. rainstorm (n) Mưa giông, mưa lớn
39. prediction (n) Sự tiên đoán, sự báo trước 40. weather forecast (n) Dự báo thời tiết
41. tornado (n) Vòi rồng, xoáy lốc 42. cyclone (n) Gió xoáy
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word(s)
for each of the blanks from 1 to 10. (CD2010)

The warming of the Pacific Ocean has created weather patterns (1)______ strongly affect the world. When the
water is warm, the (2)______ of rainfall in Indonesia and the surrounding regions decreases. Australia could (3)______
experience a drought in many parts. On (4)______ hand, Chile (which borders the Pacific Ocean) is preparing for
(5)______ rainstorms. In Pakistan and northwestern India, the weather pattern makes the rainy season weaker and makes
the area much drier.
This happening is called El Nino and is used (6)______ weather forecasters to make long-range weather predictions.
They also know that El Nino will (7)______ unusually heavy rains to the southwestern part of the United States and
make the central part of the country drier at the same time.
According to research, weather forecasters (8)______ know about the coming weather with certainty. Now
everything has become completely different. El Nino itself used to be (9)______. It would occur every two to
seven years. But now, this weather pattern is becoming more frequent. We cannot say when and how often
tornadoes or cyclones occur. Scientists are unsure of the reason for this (10)______ on a global scale either.
1. A. that B. what C. when D. whether
2. A. amount B. figure C. number D. deal
3. A. even B. ever C. nevertheless D. however
4. A. others B. other C. the other D. another
5. A. severe B. cruel C. strict D. angry
6. A. on B. by C. to D. at
7. A. carry B. fetch C. bring D. take
8. A. used to B. get used to C. are used to D. used to be
9. A. notable B. remarkable C. predictable D. incredible
10. A. change B. transfer C. transformation D. shift

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TOPIC 1: TECHNOLOGY ACHIEVEMENTS

Millions of people are using cellphones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In
many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a
means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.
The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried. Some doctors are
concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has
been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas.
They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.
On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones.
Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment. In one case, a
traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks.
He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every
day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's doctor
didn't agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very
small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say
the amount is too small to worry about.
As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often. Use
your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones
can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that
says they are bad for your health. So for now, it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often.
1. According to the passage, cellphones are especially popular with young people because ______.
A. they make them look more stylish B. they keep the users alert all the time
C. they cannot be replaced by regular phones D. they are indispensable in everyday communications
2. The changes possibly caused by the cellphones are mainly concerned with ______.
A. the smallest units of the brain B. the mobility of the mind and the body
C. the resident memory D. the arteries of the brain
3. The word "means" in the passage most closely means ______.
A. “meanings” B. “expression” C. “transmission” D. “method”
4. The word "potentially" in the passage most closely means ______.
A. “certainly” B. “obviously” C. “privately” D. “possibly”
5. "Negative publicity" in the passage most likely means ______.
A. widespread opinion about bad effects of cellphones B. information on the lethal effects of cellphones
C. the negative public use of cellphones D. poor ideas about the effects of cellphones
6. Doctors have tentatively concluded that cellphones may ________.
A. cause some mental malfunction B. change their users’ temperament
C. change their users’ social behaviours D. damage their users’ emotions
7. The man mentioned in the passage, who used his cellphone too often, ______.
A. had a problem with memory B. abandoned his family
C. suffered serious loss of mental ability D. could no longer think lucidly
8. According to the passage, what makes mobile phones potentially harmful is ______.
A. their radiant light B. their raiding power C. their power of attraction D. their invisible rays
9. According to the writer, people should ______.
A. keep off mobile phones regularly B. never use mobile phones in all cases
C. only use mobile phones in medical emergencies D. only use mobile phones in urgent cases
10. The most suitable title for the passage could be ______.
A. “Technological Innovations and Their Price” B. “The Way Mobile Phones Work”
C. “The Reasons Why Mobile Phones Are Popular” D. “Mobile Phones: A Must of Our Time”

CONSERVATION
READING PASSAGE 01
Since the world has become industrialized, there has been an increase in the number of animal species that have either
become extinct or have neared extinction. Bengal tigers, for instance, which once roamed the jungles in vast numbers, now
number only about 2,300, and by the year 2025 their population is estimated to be down to zero. What is alarming about
the case of the Bengal tiger is that this extinction will have been caused almost entirely by poachers who, according to

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some sources, are not interested in material gain but in personal gratification. This is an example of the callousness that is
part of what is causing the problem of extinction. Animals like the Bengal tiger, as well as other endangered species, are a
valuable part of the world's ecosystem. International laws protecting these animals must be enacted to ensure their survival,
and the survival of our planet. 
Countries around the world have begun to deal with the problem in various ways. Some countries, in order to
circumvent the problem, have allocated large amounts of land to animal reserves. They then charge admission to help
defray the costs of maintaining the parks, and they often must also depend on world organizations for support. With the
money they get, they can invest in equipment and patrols to protect the animals. Another solution that is an attempt to stem
the tide of animal extinction is an international boycott of products made from endangered species. This seems fairly
effective, but it will not, by itself, prevent animals from being hunted and killed.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. the Bengal tiger B. international boycotts C. endangered species D. problems with industrialization
2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the world “alarming” in line 3
A. dangerous B. serious C. gripping D. distressing
3. Which of the following could best replace the word “case” as used in line 4
A. act B. situation C. contrast D. trade
4. The word “poachers” as used in line 4 could be best replaced by which of the following?
A. illegal hunters B. enterprising researchers C. concerned scientists D. trained hunters
5. We can infer from the passage that _________
A. Bengal tigers have become extinct B. The world has yet to be industrialized
C. Bengal tigers used to roam the world D. There used to be a lot of Bengal tigers in the world.
6. These are ways to protect endanger species, EXCEPT
A. allocating lands to animal reserves B. investing in protecting equipment and patrols.
C. initiating boycott of products made from animals D. put poachers into prisons
7. What of the following could best replace the word “they” in line 12.
A. some countries B. animal reserves C. parks D. world organizations
8. Why are “Bengal tigers” mentioned in the passage?
A. They are very fierceful and powerful B. they used to roam the jungles in vast number
C. They are examples of endangered species D. they are alarming.
9. The word “defray” in line 11 is closest in meaning to which of the following?
A. lower B. raise C. make a payment on D. investigating
10. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude?
A. forgiving B. concerned C. vindictive D. surprised

READING PASSAGE [SOCIAL PROBLEM]

Traditionally in America, helping the poor was a matter for private charities or local governments. Arriving
immigrants depended mainly on predecessors from their homeland to help them start a new life. In the late 19th
and early 20th centuries, several European nations instituted public-welfare programs. But such a movement was slow to
take hold in the United States because the rapid pace of industrialization and the ready availability of farmland seemed to
confirm the belief that anyone who was willing to work could find a job.
Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary relief measures, but one of the programs
- Social Security - has become an American institution. Paid for by deductions from the paychecks of working people,
Social Security ensures that retired persons receive a modest monthly income and also provides unemployment
insurance, disability insurance, and other assistance to those who need it. Social Security payments to retired persons can
start at age 62, but many wait until age 65, when the payments are slightly higher. Recently, there has been concern that the
Social Security fund may not have enough money to fulfill its obligations in the 21st century, when the
population of elderly Americans is expected to increase dramatically. Policy makers have proposed various ways to make
up the anticipated deficit, but a long-term solution is still being debated.
In the years since Roosevelt, other American presidents have established assistance programs. These include
Medicaid and Medicare; food stamps, certificates that people can use to purchase food; and public housing which is built at
federal expense and made available to persons on low incomes.
Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than the government for help. A broad spectrum of private charities
and voluntary organizations is available. Volunteerism is on the rise in the United States, especially among retired persons.
It is estimated that almost 50 percent of Americans over age 18 do volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent of
U.S. households contribute money to charity.
1. New immigrants to the U.S. could seek help from ______.

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A. the US government agencies B. only charity organizations

C. the people who came earlier D. volunteer organizations
2. It took welfare programs a long time to gain a foothold in the U.S. due to the fast growth of______.
A. population B. industrialization C. modernization D. urbanization
3. The word “instituted” in the first paragraph mostly means ______.
A. “enforced” B. “studied” C. “executed” D. “introduced”
4. The Social Security program has become possible thanks to ______.
A. people’s willingness to work B. deductions from wages
C. donations from companies D. enforcement laws
5. Most of the public assistance programs ______ after the severe economic crisis.
A. were introduced into institutions B. functioned fruitfully in institutions
C. did not become institutionalized D. did not work in institutions
6. That Social Security payments will be a burden comes from the concern that ______.
A. the number of elderly people is growing B. elderly people ask for more money
C. the program discourages working people D. younger people do not want to work
7. Persons on low incomes can access public housing through ______.
A. state spending B. donations C. low rents D. federal expenditure
8. Americans on low incomes can seek help from ______.
A. government agencies B. state governments C. non-government agencies D. federal government
9. Public assistance has become more and more popular due to the ______.
A. people’s growing commitment to charity B. volunteer organizations
C. young people’s voluntarism only D. innovations in the tax system
10. The passage mainly discusses ______.
A. immigration into America B. ways of fund-raising in America
C. funding agencies in America D. public assistance in America

THE ALASKA PIPELINE

The Alaska pipeline starts at the frozen edge of the Arctic Ocean. It stretches southward across the largest and
northernmost state in the United States, ending at a remote ice-free seaport village nearly 800 miles from where it begins. It
is massive in size and extremely complicated to operate. 
The steel pipe crosses windswept plains and endless miles of delicate tundra that tops the frozen ground. It weaves
through crooked canyons, climbs sheer mountains, plunges over rocky crags, makes its way through thick forests, and
passes over or under hundreds of rivers and streams. The pipe is 4 feet in diameter, and up to 2 million barrels (or 84
million gallons) of crude oil can be pumped through it daily. 
Resting on H-shaped steel racks called "bents," long sections of the pipeline follow a zigzag course high above the
frozen earth. Other long sections drop out of sight beneath spongy or rocky ground and return to the surface later on. The
pattern of the pipeline's up-and-down route is determined by the often harsh demands of the arctic and subarctic climate,
the tortuous lay of the land, and the varied compositions of soil, rock, or permafrost (permanently frozen ground). A little
more than half of the pipeline is elevated above the ground. The remainder is buried anywhere from 3 to 12 feet, depending
largely upon the type of terrain and the properties of the soil. 
One of the largest in the world, the pipeline cost approximately $8 billion and is by far the biggest and most expensive
construction project ever undertaken by private industry. In fact, no single business could raise that much money, so 8
major oil companies formed a consortium in order to share the costs. Each company controlled oil rights to particular
shares of land in the oil fields and paid into the pipeline-construction fund according to the size of its holdings. Today,
despite enormous problems of climate, supply shortages, equipment breakdowns, labor disagreements, treacherous terrain,
a certain amount of mismanagement, and even theft, the Alaska pipeline has been completed and is operating.
1. The passage primarily discusses the pipeline's
A. operating costs B. employees C. consumers D. construction
2. The word "it" in line 4 refers to
A. pipeline B. ocean C. state D. village
3. According to the passage, 84 million gallons of oil can travel through the pipeline each
1. day
2. week
3. month
4. year

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2. The phrase "Resting on" in line 13 is closest in meaning to

1. Consisting of
2. Supported by
3. Passing under
4. Protected with
3. The author mentions all of the following as important in determining the pipeline's route EXCEPT the
1. climate
2. lay of the land itself
3. local vegetation
4. kind of soil and rock
4. The word "undertaken" in line 26 is closest in meaning to
1. removed
2. selected
3. transported
4. attempted
5. How many companies shared the costs of constructing the pipeline?
1. 3
2. 4
3. 8
4. 12
6. The word "particular" in line 29 is closest in meaning to
1. peculiar
2. specific
3. exceptional
4. equal
7. Which of the following determined what percentage of the construction costs each member of the consortium
would pay?
1. How much oil field land each company owned
2. How long each company had owned land in the oil fields
3. How many people worked for each company
4. How many oil wells were located on the company's land
8. Where in the passage does the author provide a term for an earth covering that always remains frozen?
1. Line 3
2. Line 13
3. Line 19
4. Line 32
9. D
10. A
11. A
12. B
13. C
14. D
15. C
16. B
17. A
18. C
TOPIC: POLLUTION (TN2013)
A person who tosses a can or a napkin on the ground is contributing to land pollution. This
(46)______ of pollution mainly involves the depositing on land of solid wastes that cannot be broken
down quickly or, in some cases, at all. Heaps of trash are not only unpleasant to look at - they can
(47)______ interfere with the lives of plants and animals.
Land pollution also includes the build-up of (48)______ chemicals on land. The use of pesticides
in farming is a major source of this type of pollution. These chemicals are spread over fields to kill
insects, weeds, fungi, or rodents that are a threat to crops. But pesticides harm or (49)______ other
living things too. When they drift with the wind or become absorbed (50)______ fruits and
vegetables, they can become a source of health problems such as cancer and birth defects.

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Question 46: A. plan B. use C. train D. type

Question 47: A. so B. also C. too D. such
Question 48: A. poisonously B. poison C. poisoning D. poisonous
Question 49: A. make B. kill C. get D. help
Question 50: A. of B. up C. into D. on

TOPIC ORGANIZATIONS (TN2013)

The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), a special program of the United Nations, is devoted to aiding
national efforts to improve the health, nutrition, education, and general welfare of children.
UNICEF was created in 1946 to provide relief to children in countries devastated by World War II. After 1950 the fund
directed its efforts toward general programs for the improvement of children’s welfare, particularly in less-developed
countries and in various emergency situations. The organization’s broader mission was reflected in the name it
adopted in 1953, the United Nations Children’s Fund. UNICEF was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1965.
It is headquartered in New York City.
UNICEF has concentrated much of its effort in areas in which relatively small expenditures can have a significant impact
on the lives of the most disadvantaged children such as the prevention and treatment of diseases. In keeping with this
strategy, UNICEF supports immunization programs for childhood diseases and programs to prevent the spread of
HIV/AIDS; it also provides funding for health services, educational facilities, and other welfare services. Since 1996
UNICEF programs have been guided by the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), which affirms the right
of all children to “the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health and to facilities for the treatment of
illness and rehabilitation of health”. UNICEF’s activities are financed by both government and private contributions.
Question 31: What was the objective of UNICEF when it was created in 1946?
A. to win the Nobel Prize for Peace
B. to improve the health, nutrition, education of nations
C. to devote to the general welfare of children all over the world
D. to help children in countries devastated by World War II
Question 32: When did UNICEF win the Nobel Prize for Peace?
A. In 1953 B. In 1946 C. In 1950 D. In 1965
Question 33: The underlined word “It” in paragraph two refers to ______.
A. New York B. the Nobel Peace Prize
C. UNICEF D. the United Nations
Question 34: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The headquarters of UNICEF is in New York City.
B. UNICEF stands for the United Nations Children’s Fund.
C. UNICEF provides funding for health services and educational facilities.
D. UNICEF has guided the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Question 35: UNICEF receives money from ______.
A. the United Nations organisations B. international corporations
C. national and international businesses D. governments and individuals

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i

INDEX 01
KEYS
THPTQG15 DH2014 CD2014 DH2014-A1 CD2013 DH2012
1.D 2. D 3. C 1.A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 1.C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. 1.C 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. A 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. D
DH2012-A1 DH2011 DH2010 CD2010 DH2009 DH2008
1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 1.A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. A 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. B 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A 1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D
CD2008 CD2007 DH2006 DH2005 DH2004 MOCK TEST 2017
1. C 2. B 3. B 1. B 2. C 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. D 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 1. B 2. C
THEORY
rules Examples Exceptions
1. 80% tính từ và Adj: active: năng động, perfect: tuyệt, famous: nổi tiếng, Adj: polite: lịch sự; correct:
danh từ 2 âm nhấn honest: lương thiện, easy: dễ đúng; exact, alive, abashed ,
âm đầu mature, complete
Noun: danger: sự nguy hiểm, future: tương lai, effort: sự nổ
lực, climate: khí hậu Noun: mistake, cement; lament,
event,
2. 80 % động từ admit: thừa nhận, avoid: tránh, …assure: đảm bảo, occur: xuất Listen, travel, practice, open,
có 2 âm tiết nhấn hiện, attend: tham dự differ, threaten, enter, offer,
âm 2 follow, harrow, harbour (a
dream)
realize ...
3. những từ tận ain: Entertain: giải trí, remain: còn lại, complain: phàn nàn, certain, mountain (núi); fountain
cùng bằng: ain, (vòi phun nước)
ique, esque, ique: unique: duy nhất, technique: kỹ thuật, antique: đồ cổ;
ential, ental, end, boutique: quầy
ese, ette, oo, ee, esque: picturesque: đẹp như tranh, grotesque: lố bịch;
eer, ade có trọng romanesque: roman
âm vào chính nó ental/ential/entary: confidential: mật, environmental, mental:
(t. thần kinh) documental (tài liệu)…
end: comprehend: recommend, intend, …
oo: waterloo, shampoo, taboo: điều cấm kỵ, kangaroo, tattoo: Igloo: lều tuyết,
hình xăm cuckoo: chim cu cu
ese: Vietnamese, chinese, japanese… Diocese: giáo khu
ee: refugee: người tị nạn, employee: người làm thuê, referee, Committee: uỷ ban; coffee,
absentee, interviewee: người được phỏng vấn…. pedigree: nòi, phả hệ..
eer: engineer, volunteer, mountaineer: người leo núi… Overseer: giám thị
ette: cigarette, launderette: hiệu giặt tự động; usherette: người Omelette: ốp la, palette: bảng
bố trí chổ ngồi; suffragette: phụ nữ đòi quyền bầu cử màu
ade: lemonade: nước chanh; persuade: thuyết phục; grenade: Marmalade; decade; comrade:
lựu đạn, serenade: khúc nhạc dạo đầu.. đồng chí, retrograde: suy đồi
3. các 3 âm trở lên ion: invention (phát minh) ; integration (hội nhập) Television
tận cùng bằng – i-y: responsibility; capacity, 0 có ngoại lệ
ion, -i-y, -ian, o-y: biology; geology, methodology, history 0 có ngoại lệ
-ogy, -ive, -ic,(ics, ian: musician; physician, mathematician 0 có ngoại lệ
ical) –ish, -ial, ive/ative expensive; comprehensive, representative Nếu ngoại lệ
-ible, ual, eous có ial: industrial, Politic
trọng âm trước 1 ic/ics/ical: economic; historic; historical
âm ish: english, accomplish, furnish
ible: responsible, comprehensible
others: individual, advantageous, industrial
Những từ có nhiều âm tiết không rơi vào các trường hợp trên, trọng âm nằm ở âm contaminate, manufacturer,
tiết thứ 3 kể từ âm cuối (0 tính đuôi ly) friendliness, irresponsible,
underestimate, unbelievable…
INDEX 02
01. A. demonstrative B. preferential C. extravagant D. monopoly
Thích giải bày, tâm sự ưu tiên phung phí, quá mức độc quyền
02. A. prejudice B. personnel C. horoscope D. Impetus
Thành kiến nhân sự (all) lá số tử vi sự bốc đồng, thúc
đẩy
03. A. legitimate B. sabotage C. ancestor D. prosecute
Hợp pháp, chính thống phá hoại ngầm tổ tiên khởi tố, kiện, tiến
hành đtra
04. A. luxuriance B. documentary C. sympathetic D. recommend
Sự hoa mỹ, phồn thịnh phim tài liệu biết cảm thông giới thiệu
05. A. necessary B. Necessarily C. ambuscade D. economic
Cần thiết một cách cần thiết phục kích, mai phục thuộc kinh tế
06. A. decimeter B. abacus C. photographer D. revenue
d.m. bàn tính thợ nhiếp ảnh doanh thu
07. A. fertile B. comparable C. cumulative D. mistake
Màu mỡ có thể so sánh được tích tụ, chồng chất sai lầm
08. A. photograph B. monetarism C. diabetes D. educator
Bức ảnh chủ nghĩa tiền tệ bệnh tiểu đường nhà giáo dục
09. A. suffragette B. gastronomy C. comprehensible D. ascertain
Phụ nữ đòi quyền bầu cử sự sành ăn có thể hiểu được biết chắc, hiểu rỏ
10. A. triangle B. voluntary C. personify D. communism
Tam giác tự nguyện, tự giác nhân hóa chủ nghĩa cộng
sản
11. A. wholesales B. hello C. grammatically D. thermometer
Bán buôn xin chào một cách đúng ngữ pháp nhiệt kế
12. A. liberator B. canary C. canal D. although
Người giải phóng chim hoàng yến kênh đào mặc dầu
13. A. interpol B. preferable C. nationalism D. adolescent
Cảnh sát quốc tế thích hơn, ưa chuộng hơn chủ nghĩa dân tộc thanh niên
14. A. magnificent B. significant C. percentage D. pragmatism
Nguy nga, tráng lệ ý nghĩa, quan trọng phần trăm chủ nghĩa thực
dụng
15. A. engineer B. picturesque C. environmentalist D. cigarette.
Kỹ sư đẹp như tranh nhà môi trường học thuốc lá
* Những từ có dấu nhấn vào âm tiết thứ I:
Comparable [k'ɒmpərəbəl] Có thể so sánh conference [k'ɒnfrəns] Hội nghị
continent  ['kɒntɪnənt] Lục địa cumulative  ['kjuːmjʊlətɪv] Tích lũy, lắng tụ
horoscope [h'ɒrəskoʊp] Lá số tử vi necessary  ['nesɪsərɪ] Cần thiết
reference  ['refrəns] Tham khảo, sự hỏi ý kiến ancestor  ['ænsestə] Ông bà, tổ tiên
decimeter ['desi,mi:tə] Đề xi mét (dm) photograph  ['fəʊtəgrɑːf] ảnh, bức ảnh
monetarism [m'ʌnɪtərɪzəm] Chủ nghĩa trọng tiền currency  ['kʌrənsɪ] Tiền tệ
educate  ['edjuːkeɪt] Dạy, giáo dục chivalrous  ['ʃɪvlrəs] Hào hiệp, hiệp sỹ
abacus  ['æbəkəs] Bàn tính pharmacy  ['fɑrməsɪ] Dược khoa, quầy thuốc
voluntary  ['vɑləntərɪ] Tự nguyện, tự giác communism  ['kɒmjʊnɪzəm] Chủ nghĩa cộng sản
nationalism [n'æʃənəlɪzəm] Chủ nghĩa dân tộc preferable  ['prefərəbl] Đáng thích hơn, đáng ưa
innocent  [ɪnəsnt] Trong trắng, ngây thơ controversy  ['kɒntrəvɜːsɪ] Cuộc tranh luận, bàn cãi
miniature  ['mɪnətʃə] Bức tiểu họa Estimate ['estɪmeɪt] Ước đoán, ước lượng
NOTES FOR PRONUNCIATION
* CH
CH [ʃ] Champagne, machine
[k] School, scholar, scholarship, schedule, scheme,
Chemist, chemistry, chemical
Character, characteristic, characterize...
Archaeology, architect, technology, technique, technical...
Christ, Christmas...
- ache: headache, toothache...
[tʃ] Còn lại
[*kw] Choir ['kwaɪə]
* EAR
EAR [ɪə] Clear, dear, hear, ear, shear...
[eə] Bear, pear
[a:] Heart
[ɜː] heard
* GH
- 5 từ trong tiếng anh có GH được phát âm thành F: laugh, cough, enough, rough, tough, còn lại là âm câm
* S|ES
S|ES [ɪz] Ce, ge, ch, sh, x, s, z Slices, changes, watches, pushes, fixes, kisses
Con gái chỉ sợ xấu, sợ zà fizzes
[s] k, f, p, t Checks, takes, chefs, laughs, hops, hopes, chats, tastes...
cà fê, phở tái
[z] Còn lại
* ED
S|ES [ɪd] Ted/ ded + 16 adj-ed (id) * Started, decided, forwarded, ....
[t] sh, s,x, ce, th, ch, k, f, p + 10 sed [t]** Pushed, kissed, fixed, sliced, watched, checked, laughed,
sáng sớm thèm chén cà fe phố hoped, ....
[d] Còn lại
- 16 adj-ed được phát âm là [ID]:
1. aged (già, cao tuổi); 2. beloved (yêu dấu); 3. blessed (thần thánh); 4. crabbed (khó đọc);
5. crooked (khúc khuỹu), 6. cursed (bị nguyền rủa); 7. dogged (dai dẵng); 8. learned (uyên bác);
9. legged (có chân) 10. naked (trần truồng); 11. ragged (tả tơi); 12. rugged (xù xì, gồ
ghề);
13. sacred (linh thiêng); 14. poisoned (bị đầu độc); 15. wicked (độc ác); 16. wretched (khốn
cùng)
- 10 động từ -sed được phát âm là [t]:
1. based (dựa trên); 2. chased (đuổi theo); 3. ceased (ngừng lại); 4. decreased (giảm
xuống);
5. increased (tăng lên); 6. leased (cho thuê); 7. promised (hứa); 8. practised (luyện
tập);
9. reversed (nghịch đảo); 10. released (giải thoát)....
* TH
TH [t] Thomas, thai, thailand
[ð] This, that, these, those, there, their, them, then, than, father, mother, brother, breathe, with, without,
within, although, though, ....
[θ] Còn lại

* STION: Stion có cách phát âm là: [tʃ]: suggestion, combustion, question............

* EA: có 3 từ duy nhất được phát âm thành [ei]: great, break, steak

* LONG U SHORT U

LONG U [uː] SHORT U [ʊ]

Food (thức ăn); spoon (thìa); mood (tâm trạng); soon Book (sách); good (tốt); wool (len): wood (củi, gổ); cook
(sớm); roof (mái nhà); droop (rủ xuống, ủ rủ); proof (bằng (nấu ăn, đầu bếp); …
chứng); scoop (muỗng dài); cool (mát mẻ); hoot (tiếng còi
hơi); tool (công cụ); scoot (chạy trốn, chuồn); boom (sự
bùng nổ); moon (mặt trăng); gloom (sự u ám); poon (cây
mù u)

PART 02 MOST COMMON STRUCTURES IN ADVANCED TESTS

1. S + V + THAT + Vo / Should Vo [dùng để yêu cầu, khuyên nhủ, nài nĩ, van
xin]

to advise (that) to ask (that) to command (that) to demand (that)

to desire (that) to insist (that) to propose (that) to recommend (that)
to request (that) to suggest (that) to urge (that)

2. S + be + adj + THAT + Vo / Should + Vo [dùng để khuyên

nhủ]

It is best (that) It is crucial (that) It is desirable (that) It is essential (that)

It is imperative (that) It is important (that) It is recommended (that) It is urgent (that)
It is vital (that) It is a good idea (that) It is a bad idea (that)
practice:
1. Susan’s doctor insists ______ for a few days.
A. that she is resting B. her resting C. that she rest D. her to rest
2. It is imperative ______ what to do when there is a fire.
A. that everyone know B. he must know about C. that he knew D. we knew
3. It has been suggested that Mary ______ a computer course in preparation for a steady job.
A. take B. would have taken C. was taken D. have been taken
4. It’s essential that she ____________at the interview on time.
A. is B. will be C. should be D. would be
5. I demand that he ....................immediately.
A. apologize B. shall apologize C. will apologize D. has apologize
6. I suggested that she .............her lawyer before signing the contract.
A. consults B. shall consult C. would consult D. should consult
7. It’s essential that everything ................ready by 2 o’clock tomorrow.
A. will be B. is C. has been D. be
8. They recommend that she ................to a ski resort in Spain.
A. will go B. would have gone C. should go D. should have gone
9. It is advisable that you ....................your application as soon as possible.
A. submit B. would submit C. should have submitted D. must submit
10. The doctor insisted that she.................at the hospital.
A. stays B. stay C. will stay D. has stayed

3. It’s time/ high time/ about time S + V2/ed It’s time FOR + sb + to Vo [đến lúc phải làm
gi]
4. S’d rather + S + V2/ed | didn’t Vo S + would rather + (not) Vo [thích ai làm gì hơn]
5. S + had better (not) + Vo [khuyên ai nên làm/ không nên làm gi]
1. “I’d rather you______ home now.”
A. going B. go C. gone D. went
2. I would rather ...............now. I feel a bit under the weather and want a rest.
A. go out B. not go out C. went out D. we not went out
3. You smell awful! It’s about time you ___ a bath.
A. have B. will have C. had D. to have
4. I think it’s time for you ...............her the truth.
A. to tell B. told C. telling D. would tell
5. You ______ hurry. It’s nearly 8.00, and the first class starts at 8.15.
A. would prefer B. can’t help C. would rather D. had better
6. Our boss would rather ______ during the working hours.
A. we didn’t chat B. we don’t chat C. us not chat D. us not chatting
7. You’d better .......................now, it’s stormy outside.
A. don’t go out B. didn’t go out C. not gone out D. not go out
8. I’d rather you ______ to the English-speaking club with me this Sunday.
A. came B. to come C. come D. will come
9. “It’s about time you ______ your homework, Mary.”
A. do B. did C. must do D. will do
10. I would rather you .............her that truth.
A. you not tell B. you haven’t told C. you didn’t tell D. you wouldn’t have
told

6. V-ING vs TO VERB vs BARE VERB

* Dùng V-ing:
1. sau liên từ after, before, when, while, since, ...: when seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.
2. sau giới từ: he is fond of fishing
3. sau các tính từ: worth, busy..: she is busy doing her housework; the book is worth reading
4. sau 4 NO: no use, no good, no point, no difficulty.: I have no difficulty solving the problem; there’s no point
asking him
5. sau các động từ chỉ giác quan: see, watch, notice, behold, hear, listen, ...chỉ một hành động đang diễn ra
he is watching his daughter dancing in the room
7. sau các động từ:
avoid, appreciate, complete, confess, consider, can’t stand, can’t help, delay, deny, discuss, dislike, enjoy,
finish, feel
like, go, keep, mind, miss, resent, resist, risk, spend, suggest, worth...
* Dùng Vo
1. sau các động từ khiếm khuyết: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must..
2. sau 4 động từ: let, make, have, help + O + ________
3. sau S + be + adj + that + S + ______________ | S + V + that + ..........(với các tính từ và động từ trong [Link]úc:
1, 2)
4. sau had better (not)/ would rather (not)
* stop – forget – remember – try – regret
+ stop + Ving (ngừng một việc đang làm): : When seeing me, she stopped working.
+ stop + to verb (ngừng lại để làm 1 việc khác): : When I came, they stopped to greet me.
+ remember + V-ing (nhớ 1 việc đã làm rồi): : I remember meeting her once.
+ remember + to verb (nhớ để làm gì) : I’m sorry, I didn’t remember to post your letter.
+ forget + V-ing (quên là đã làm gì) : She forgot telling me the story once.
+ forget + to verb (quên nên không làm gì) : Sorry, I forgot to lock the door.
+ try + V-ing (thử) : I try changing my way of working
+ try + to verb (cố gắng) : Every day, I try to learn some new vocabulary.
+ regret + to verb (lấy làm tiếc khi phải làm gì) : I regret to tell you that you’ve failed the exam.
+ regret + V-ing (hối tiếc vì đã làm gì) : I regret having told you the truth.
* recommend, advise, allow, permit, encourage
+ sau các động từ trên, nếu không có tân ngữ...dùng V-ing : My mother doesn’t allow going out at night.
+ sau các động từ trên, nếu có tân ngữ dùng TO VERB : She doesn’t allow me to go out at night
+ Nếu có dạng BE + V3/ed, luôn chọn đáp án là TO VERB : We are not allowed to wear jeans at school.
Practice: V-ing vs to Verb vs bare Verb
1. She had no difficulty ______ at her new school. (TN 2013)
A. to making friends B. to make friends C. make friends D. making friends
2. Neil Armstrong is the first man ______ foot on the moon. (TN 2013)
A. set B. to be set C. to set D. setting
3. I decided ______ the book you told me about some days ago. (TN 2013)
A. to buying B. buy C. to buy D. buying
4. There were ten athletes ______ in the final round. (TN 2013)
A. competing B. compete C. to compete D. competed
5. No one can avoid ______ by advertisements. (A1-2013)
A. to be influenced B. having influenced C. influencing D. being influenced
6. We haven't decided which hotel ______. (CD-2013)
A. staying at B. to stay at C. is for staying at D. is to stay at
7. The problem is believed ______ at the meeting two days ago. (CD-2013)
A. being discussed B. to have been discussed C. to have discussed D. having been
discussed
8. He became famous after ______ that prize. (CD-2013)
A. won B. winning C. win D. have won
9. Although MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) spreads through close contact with sick people, not
through the air, many people still avoid ______ to crowded places. (THPT QG 2015)
A. to go B. having gone C. gone D. going
10. Do you remember ______ to help us when we were in difficulty? (A1-2014)
A. you offer B. being offered C. once offering D. to offer
11. We can’t smoke here. My mother doesn’t allow..................in the house.
A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoked D. smoking
12. It’s time for you __________thinking about the failures.
A. stop B. to stop C. stopping D. stopped
13. I remember __________to the zoo by my mother when I was a little child.
A. to take B. taking C. being taken D. take
14. Have you ever regretted __________me?
A. love B. to love C. loving D. loved
15. She encouraged me ..................my best.
A. trying B. try C. tried D. to try
16. The students in this class were made _____ very hard. (TN2007)
A. learning B. having learnt C. to learn D. learn
17. The old man is said _____ all his money to an old people's home when he died. (TN2007)
A. to leave B. to leaving C. have left D. to have left
18. Don't waste time _____ that broken vase. (TN2007)
A. for mending B. mending C. mend D. to mend
19. I regret _____ you that your application has been denied.
A. to inform B. to have informed C. informing D. inform
20. Sorry, we can’t stop now. There is still a lot of work ...............................
A. done B. doing C. to do D. do
21. I don’t mind _____ you with it if you can’t find anyone else.
A. helping B. to help C. helped D. help
22. Thank you for _____ me. (TN2007)
A. invitation B. inviting C. invited D. invite
23. We are not used _____ on the left.
 A. to driving B. to drive C. to be driven D. driving
24. The teacher told his students ______ laughing.
A. to stop B. stop C. stopped D. stopping
25. If I were you, I would advise her ______ the new teaching method.
A. trying B. try C. to try D. tries

Participle phrases: V-ING or V3/ED or TO VERB

 Sau một danh từ, thay vì dùng 1 mệnh đề quan hệ, người ta có thể rút gọn lại thành cụm từ V-ING
(nếu mang nghĩa chủ động, hoặc mệnh đề (V3/ED) nếu mang nghĩa bị động.
 Nếu trước danh từ là những từ chỉ thứ tự (first/last/second…) hoặc những tính từ bất định, chọn
TO VERB
ví dụ:
* The book which was written by Shakespeare is on the table.  the book written by Shakespeare is on the
table.
* There were 8 candidates who competed in the game.  There were 8 candidates competing in the game.

Practice exercise
1. An old villa, ..............in 1905, collapsed unexpectedly yesterday
A. building B. to be built C. was built D. built
2. He wants to buy a book ……….about Vietnemese cuisine
A. is writing B. has written C. written D. writing
3. He finally found a small path, …………to the old castle.
A. led B. leading C. leads D. which leading
4. Mary wants to find a book ________about Vietnamese history.
A. write B. written C. to write D. writing
5. Yury Gagarin was the first man ___________into space.
A. flying B. flown C. to fly D. fly
6. Sorry, I can join you tonight, I have a lot of work ___________
A. done B. do C. doing D. to do