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Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is the progressive failure of multiple organ systems caused by inadequate tissue perfusion during shock states. MODS develops as a complication of any form of shock and typically begins with lung dysfunction followed by failure of the cardiovascular, hepatic, gastrointestinal, renal, immune, and central nervous systems. Treatment focuses on controlling the underlying cause, promoting organ perfusion, providing nutritional support, and monitoring organ function until primary insults are resolved.

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380 views2 pages

Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is the progressive failure of multiple organ systems caused by inadequate tissue perfusion during shock states. MODS develops as a complication of any form of shock and typically begins with lung dysfunction followed by failure of the cardiovascular, hepatic, gastrointestinal, renal, immune, and central nervous systems. Treatment focuses on controlling the underlying cause, promoting organ perfusion, providing nutritional support, and monitoring organ function until primary insults are resolved.

Uploaded by

Maryjoy Gabriellee De La Cruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is altered organ function in acutely ill patients
that requires medical intervention to support continued organ function. It is another phase in the
progression of shock states. The actual incidence of MODS is difficult to determine, because it
develops with acute illnesses that compromise tissue perfusion.

Pathophysiology

MODS may be a complication of any form of shock caused by inadequate tissue perfusion. The
precise mechanism by which MODS occurs remains unknown. However, MODS frequently
occurs toward the end of the continuum of septic shock when tissue perfusion cannot be
effectively restored.

However, a pattern of progressive organ dysfunction and failure typically occurs; organfailure
usually begins in the lungs, and cardiovascular instability as well as failure of the hepatic, GI,
renal, immunologic, and central nervous systems follow

Clinical Manifestations

The clinical presentation of MODS is insidious; tissues become hypoperfused at both a


microcellular and macrocellular level, eventually causing organ dysfunction that requires

Typically, the lungs are the first organs to show signs of dysfunction. The patient experiences
progressive dyspnea and respiratory failure requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation

As the lack of tissue perfusion continues, the hematologic system becomes dysfunctional, with
worsening immunocompromise and increasing risk of bleeding. The cardiovascular system

Chapter 15 Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome


becomes unstable and unresponsive to vasoactive agents, and the patient’s neurologic response
progresses to a state of unresponsiveness or coma.

Medical Management

Prevention remains the top priority in managing MODS. Elderly patients are at increased risk for
MODS because of the lack of physiologic reserve and the natural degenerative process,
especially immune compromise

Subtle changes in mentation and a gradual rise in temperature are early warning signs. Other
patients at risk for MODS are those with chronic illness, malnutrition, immunosuppression, or
surgical or traumatic wounds. If preventive measures fail, treatment measures to reverse MODS
are aimed at (1) controlling the initiating event, (2) promoting adequate organ perfusion, and (3)
providing nutritional support.

Nursing Management

The general plan of nursing care for patients with MODS is the same as that for patients with
septic shock. Primary nursing interventions are aimed at supporting the patient and monitoring
organ perfusion until primary organ insults are halted.

Chapter 15 Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

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