7 


 ก 

7.13 ก
 ก

ก
 ก 


กก 

 ก
DB36 ก!
 DB40  DB60 

"#ก กก DB36 $กก
!
%
 ls !%&$ f c′  !%ก
210 ก.ก./(.2 "!)
%
!%
ก


 fy ≤ 4,000 ก.ก./(.2 %
 ls ≥ 0.007 f y db ≥ 30 (. (7.26ก)


 fy > 4,000 ก.ก./(.2 %
 ls ≥ (0.013 f y − 24) db ≥ 30 (. (7.26)

$ fc′ !%ก

210 ก.ก./(.2 %
"!*+ก

 $ ก
 
ก %
"
,!)


กก
 (1) %
กกก
$ (2) %-. ld ก!
 ก

• 
)/
)
ก+ก#ก &!0%1ก% %

"!12 0.83 %1ก+ !
!%ก
30 (.
• 
)/
)
ก+ก#ก &!0%1กก% %

"!12 0.75 %1ก+ !
 !%ก
30 (. "

!3
4#%/ก
!ก

%
12


 7.4
 7.4 "

!3
4#%/ก
!ก

%
$ f c′ ≥ 210 ก.ก./(.2


ก fy 
!
"#$ก
(ก.ก./%&.2) 'กก 'ก ()
3000 16 18 21
4000 21 24 28
5000 31 59 41


 7.3 **+,-'.
: ")
%-.
ก&
,!กก a "&
#1
7.22 !
% AC "
ก"&%&ก b )$ 1.20  &+
ก+
,!0/12 (ก) DB16  () DB28

ก : s = , 


ก+ = 3db Vu = 42 

Mn = 25 - f c′ = 280 ก.ก./(.2

fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2 la = 30 (.

la = 30 cm 1.3Mn /Vu
Bar a Bar b
A B
C

Max ld = 107 cm

Total embedment = 120 cm

#' 7.22 %-.%1

%)
, %
%
 7.3

7 - 21

 7 
 
 ก 

/0 *

+/ α = β = λ = 1.0
(ก) DB16: db = 1.6 (. f c′ = 280 = 16.7 < 26.5 ก.ก./(.2 OK

"
กก

% 17 ก 
ก DB20 กก
"
กก
 (7.16)
ld l 0.15 f y 0.15 × 4, 000
= d = αβλ = → ld = 57.4 (.
db 1.6 f c′ 280

"
กก
 (7.25), ld ≤ 1.3M n / Vu + la
M n 25 ×105
= = 59.5 (.
Vu 42 × 103

la = %-.%"& = 30 (.

)
%

ก& ld = 1.3 × 59.5 + 30 = 107 (. > 57.4 (. OK

() DB28: db = 2.8 (.

"
กก

% 17 ก 
ก DB25 
 ก
"
กก
 (7.17)
ld l 0.19 f y 0.19 × 4, 000
= d = αβλ = → ld = 127.2 (. > 1.3M n / Vu + la NG
db 2.8 fc′ 280


12 DB20 0%
,!"
!
ก8 "!%-. ld = 90.8 (.  ก+%
ก& 107 (.


 7.4 **+,-3
(: )
 $%,  )
ก!
"& lnr = 9.7 . 
lnl = 6.7 . 37#+0/  "& 7
%
12
#1 7.23 ")
%%&ก0/

!ก
 )

 h = 60 (., d = 52 (.  b = 30 (. 0/" & –Mu = 45 -
ก : s = , 

ก+ = 3db, As !ก
 = 28.37 (.2
f c′ = 280 กก./(.2  fy = 4,000 กก./(.2 As "  % = 29.45 (.2 (6DB25)
6DB25

60 cm

lnl = 6.7 m 30 cm lnr = 9.7 m

1.7 m 2.7 m

P.I. P.I.

2DB25

Mu = 45 t-m
4DB25

6DB25
#' 7.23 ก
%&ก
)
 $
%
 7.4

7 - 22

 7 
 
 ก 

/0 *

+/ α 
ก = 1.3  β = λ = 1
ก+ DB25: db = 2.5 (. f c′ = 280 = 16.7 < 26.5 ก.ก./(.2
"
กก

% 17 ก 
ก DB25 
 ก
"
กก
 (7.17)
ld l 0.19 f y 0.19 × 4, 000
= d = αβλ = (1.3) → ld = 59.0 (.
db 2.5 f c′ 280

required As 28.37
ld = × 59.0 = × 59.0 = 56.8 (.
provided As 29.45

4. ld = 57 %&.   DB25 5 6 

ก: %
!% 1
 3 1+
ก!%$%"&ก12%
ก& ln/16, d, $ 12db
1
 3  6DB25 )$ 2DB25

12db = 12(2.5) = 30 (.

d = 52 (.

, )
!

lnr = 9.7 : lnr/16 = 970/16 = 60.6 (. 3&6** 60.6 %&.
, )
!
(!
% lnl = 6.7 : lnl/16 = 670/16 = 41.9 (. 3&6** d = 52 %&.


 7.5 "*+"

%%&ก
)
 $, ก
#1 7.24 8
ก&ก1% wu = 8.0 /
ก
 fc′ = 280 ก.ก./(.2, fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2, )
ก!
)
 b = 40 (., )
ก)
 h = 60 (. )ก
&! 4 (.
Exterior column Interior column
wu

Ln = 7.6 m

#' 7.24 )
 $, ก
%
 7.5
/0
1. ก(5    ก/&6&& $*7(
ก.
,!ก
+)
/1
)
0/ <$

  0/<$
-Mu = wuLn2/16 = 8 (7.6)2/16 = -28.88 -
Interior face of
exterior support
Mid span positive +Mu = wuLn2/14 = 8 (7.6)2/14 = -33.01 -

-Mu = wuLn2/10 = 8 (7.6)2/10 = -46.21 -

Exterior face of first
interior support

7 - 23

 7 
 
 ก 

Vu = 1.15wuLn/2 = 34.96 
Exterior face of first
interior support

. *+"

ก+0/ !ก

8 
 3 0%
,!%&! 4 (., ก1ก DB10, ก
+0/ DB25 $ DB28 )
ก d = 60 – 4 – 1 – 2.8/2 = 53.6 (.
Mu As  ก  ก/& As 4.
2 2
-28.88 - 15.97 (. 4DB25 19.63 (.
2 2
+33.01 - 18.44 (. 4DB25 19.63 (.
2 2
-46.21 - 26.76 (. 2DB25+3DB28 28.29 (.

A B
4DB25
2DB25+3DB28

4DB25
A B

40 cm 40 cm

4DB25 2DB25
3DB28

60 cm [email protected] 60 cm
[email protected]

4DB25 4DB25

Section A-A Section B-B

#' 7.25 ก
+ก
)
 $, ก
%
 7.5
). *+"

ก+<$
Vu % “d” "
ก3+
 :

Vu = 34.96 – 8(0.536) = 30.67 

φVc = 0.85 × 0.53 280 × 40 × 53.6 /1,000 = 16.16 

0% smax = d/2 = 53.6/2 = 26.8 (., ก1ก DB10 (Av = 1.57 (.2)
φVs !ก
 = Vu − φVc = 30.67 – 16.16 = 14.51 

s !ก
 = Av f y d / Vs = 1.57×4.0×53.6/(14.51/0.85) = 19.72 (. 4. ก'ก [email protected] &.

7 - 24

 7 
 
 ก 

2. & ก/&


ก. "
ก!!%$!
1
"&

 (+As) !%$!
1
 %
!% 15 (. 0%!ก &!
)

ก+%
!% 2 !)%
, )
0%
,! 2DB25 %&ก+ 2DB25 7
%
, )

. *+"


 ก
%&ก 2DB25 7
%
, )
 ")
!ก
)
%
%8$>
%37#+<$0/7
8
ก&ก
!)
0/
ก&12
#1!


wu = 8 t/m

28.88 t-m 46.21 t-m

7.6 m
28.12 ton
18.12 ton

18.12 ton
32.68 ton
33.01 t-m
1.25 m 1.82 m

28.88 t-m
2.265 m 2.265 m 46.21 t-m

#' 7.26 37#+<$0/ )

 $, ก
%
 7.5
 0/ก37#+ Mu 
#1!

 *!8ก
0/ φMn 
 4DB25, φMn = 34.98
- 
 2DB25, φMn = 17.49 -
"
ก
#1 7.27 ก
 2DB25 %$!
1
 15 (. ก 2DB25 #ก%& 2.10 .  2.67 . "
ก
"&7
%ก7
%


 
 %&ก*+"

"
ก88 :
% (1)  (2) )$%%"
ก"&!ก
ก+ "
,!)

กก

 d  12db :
d = 53.6 (. > 12db = 12(2.5) = 30 (. ** 53.6 %&. 3&
% (3)  (4) )$%"
ก1
%ก+""&!ก
ก
0/ก 2DB25 %$
!
 !)
 !%ก
ld :
"
ก

 ก.6 
 DB25 : ld = 114 (.
% (3) %
 279 (. > 114 (. OK

% (4) %

 336 (. > 114 (. OK

")
%
-.% ld 
ก 2DB25 %&ก !


7 - 25

 7 
 
 ก 

%"
กก
, )
)$ 141 (. > 114 (. OK

4DB25, φMn = 34.98 t-m

0.536 m 0.536 m
Mu = 33.01 t-m
(1) (2)
2DB25
φMn = 17.49 t-m

1.25 m 1.82 m

2.79 m 3.36 m
(3) 1.411 m 1.411 m (4)

2DB25 2DB25

15 cm 15 cm

2.10 m 2.83 m 2.67 m

#' 7.27 ก
%&ก

)
 $, ก
%
 7.5

 2DB25 %$!
 "%-.!ก
  "&1%ก
 (Point of Inflection, PI):
Mn
ld ≤ + la
Vu


 2DB25, Mn = 17.49/0.9 = 19.43 -
 "& PI !
(!
%, Vu = 28.12 – 8(1.25) = 18.12 
la = )

กก
 12db = 12(2.5) = 30 (. $ d = 53.6 (. ())&)
19.43 × 100
ld ≤ + 53.6 = 160.83 (.
18.12


 DB25 : ld = 114 (. < 160.83 (. OK

 "& PI !

, Vu = 32.68 – 8(1.82) = 18.12  "
กก
"ก DB25 OK

3. & ก/&

 37#+0/ Mu 
#1 7.28 8ก
ก0/ φMn 
 4DB25, φMn
= 34.98 - 
 2DB25+3DB28, φMn = 48.53 -

7 - 26

 7 
 
 ก 

1.25 m 1.82 m

0.536 m
0.536 m
-28.88 t-m
φMn for 4DB25 = 34.98 t-m
-46.21 t-m
1.786 m
φMn for 2DB25+3DB28 = 48.53 t-m
(5)
2.356 m
(6)

4DB25 2DB25+3DB28

7.6 m

#' 7.28 ก
%&ก
)
 $, ก
%
 7.5
4. **+,- ก  4DB25 39ก
ก. "
ก!!%$ก
"
ก


 (-As) +"&"!%$ก
%"&ก12%
ก)

กก
 d, 12db,
$ Ln/16
d = 53.6 (. (3&)
12db = 12(2.5) = 30 (.

Ln/16 = 760/16 = 47.5 (.

$"
ก"&ก%# %*%) 1.25 . "
ก"& )
%
 DB25 ") !
8!
"!%$ %
"&ก1ก 53.6 (. "%-.% ld !ก
% 1.786 . "
ก3+"&
% (5) !)
 !%ก
ld
"
ก

 ก.6 
 DB25 : ld = 114 (.
1ก!$"
ก3ก, ld = 1.3(114) = 148 (. < 178.6 (. OK

. ก
-.%

!ก
ก DB25 #ก-.%

0%
,!ก

@
 "
ก

 ก.8 )
lhb = 48 (. (!0%*+"


ก
+ก ก+)$ :
( As required) 15.97
= = 0.81
( As provided) 19.63

ldh = 0.81 × 48 = 38.9 (.

7 - 27

 7 
 
 ก 

)
ก
8!ก
)$ 38.9 + 4 + 1 + 2.5/2 = 45.2 (. 4.&-ก 50 %&.
5. **+,- ก  2DB25+3DB28 394
ก. "
ก!!%$ก
)$

 (-As)
2DB25+3DB28
d = 53.6 (. (3&)
12db = 12(2.8) = 33.6 (.
s
Ln/16 = 760/16 = 47.5 (.
DB10

4 cm cover

40 cm

#' 7.29 ก 2DB25+3DB28

%, 
 s = [40 – 2(4) – 2(1) – 2(2.5) – 3(2.8)]/4 = 4.15 (. = 1.48db > db

% c-c ก+ = [40 – 2(4) – 2(1) – 2.5]/4 = 6.88 (. = 2.46db

%&!)ก = 4 + 1 = 5 (. = 1.79db > db

%-.%!ก
, ld = 1.3(127) = 165 (.

% (6) = 182 + 53.6 = 235.6 (. > ld = 165 (. OK

6. 3'!กก : )
%
ก
ก12
#1!



1.786 m 2.356 m

4DB25 2DB25+3DB28
4DB25
15 cm
2DB25 2DB25

2.10 m 2.67 m
7.6 m

#' 7.30 %%&กก



',:  7
7.1 ")
%-.*$8@
ก!!% +
)ก8
ก1ก+8
(a) DB12, DB16 ก
 f c′ = 300 ก.ก./(.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2
(b) DB25, DB28 ก
 f c′ = 280 ก.ก./(.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2

7.2 "ก%


ก!

40 (. × 40 (. +!%ก 8DB25 


ก
(a) ก
 f c′ = 280 ก.ก./(.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2

7 - 28

 7 
 
 ก 

(b) ก
 f c′ = 210 ก.ก./(.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2

7.3 )
%$)ก+ก%, )
 5  0/ Mu = 32 - <$1% Vu = 12
 3+"& "กก%-.
ก
 90o !
1
3)ก*$
0/<$
ก
ก
 fc′ = 280 ก.ก./(.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2
7.4 )
%$
#1!

 ก!
 b = 30 (. +ก 3DB25 %+ก
0%<
ก
@
 fc′ = 300 ก.ก./
(.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2 "

(a) %<
ก-.%

!$ ? %&!!
!
 7 (. %&!!
 5 (. "& #ก&!!%ก
1ก%
 15 (.
(b) %-.%
)
*%*$ ? ก%& 5 (. "
ก1
%)

,!ก1ก [email protected].

fs = f y

45 cm

45 cm 120 cm

7.5 )
, %!
%3$3!
ก!
 b = 35 (.  d = 44 (. ก1ก DB10 , )
%
 4.2 .
8
ก&ก1% wu = 9 /. 8
ก)
 )กก
 fc′ = 280 ก.ก./(.2 
,!ก
+ 2DB32 ก
)
ก fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2 %$3
4#%/ก
1 12 (. ""#
121

!ก
$ก
%%$ ?
7.6 !
)
%3$3!
ก!
 b = 35 (., h = 60 (.  d = 54 (. 8
ก&ก1% wu = 6
/(8
ก)
) )
, %, )
%
 6.2 
,!ก+ 6DB20 ก
)
ก 4,000 ก.ก./
(.2 ก!#ก%&ก
, )
 $ก!%$3
!
"& 30 (. ก
 fc′ = 300 ก.ก./(.2
ก1ก DB10
(a) 
37#+0/ M = wlx / 2 − wx 2 / 2 $ x )$%"
ก"& l )$, )
%
)

(b) 
37#+)
!

0/&
 ก
%&ก!

)

#1!


,!)กก
 240 ก.ก./(.2 ก fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2 )
ก1+A+3 d = 48
(. )
8
ก&ก1% wu = 7.6 /(8
ก)
)
4DB20 5DB20
Top Top
4DB20
A B C D

45 cm 6m 45 cm 6.2 m 45 cm 6m 45
cm

7 - 29

 7 
 
 ก 

Effective width
of flange = 150
cm
55 cm

30 cm

7.7 $ก"&%&ก
, )
 AB 
$8
(a) %$ก0/ก!!
1

)
%%&
ก!$
(b) %$ก0/8ก
"
ก
7
%
3
"&ก!)
%%&ก
!
(c) "ก
-.%ก0/
7
%ก
*%*$ ? !

!ก!

7.8 
(8
1.
7.7(a)  (b) 
, )
 BC
7.9 )
 $
%%ก
+ก
#1!

 "%-.%ก+&ก!

+กB ก
 fc′ = 280 ก.ก./(.2  fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2

1 2 CL

3.6 m

+M

30 cm 30 cm
-M
0.45 m
8DB25
60 cm

2DB25 6DB25
1.35 m
1 2

7.10 ก)

#1!

0%
,! ρmax %37#+)
!

0/&
 ก
%&
ก+ )
8
ก&ก)8
ก 2.2 / 8
ก" 3.2 /
,! fc′ =
2 2
280 ก.ก./(. , fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.  b = 30 (.

6m

7.11 ก)

#1!


,!
 ก+ ρ = 1/ 2ρb %37#+ก
!

0/
*!ก
"&%&ก 
,! fc′ = 240 ก.ก./(.2, fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.2  b = 30 (.

7 - 30

 7 
 
 ก 

LL = 7 ton LL = 4 ton

DL = 3 t/m

2.4 m 1.2 m

7.12 ก!
"& B )

#1!

 !
,!
!
 B 
8)
 ABC *+"


ก+!ก


,  AB 
37#+ก
!

0/
)
 ABC
,! fc′ = 240 ก.ก./(.2,
2
fy = 4,000 ก.ก./(.  b = 30 (.

DL = 9 t/m
LL = 6 t/m

A C
B

6m 2.4 m

7 - 31