IEC 61850 overview
Presentation on IEC 61850
One more protocol ...
¾Substation protocols
Modbus
Courrier
Loan
Profibus
Interbus
CAN
T103 VDEW
SEL protocol
GE protocols
… and many others
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History
X UCA : Utility Communications Architecture
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Evolution of communication in SAS
… in comparison with currently used protocols
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Requirements for the Standard
Interoperability The ability for IED’s from one or several
manufacturer to exchange information and use the information
for the their own functions.
Free configuration The standard shall support different
philosophies and allow a free allocation of functions e.g. it must
work equally well for centralized (RTU like) or decentralized
(SCS like) systems.
Long term stability The standard shall be future proof, i.e. it
must be able to follow the progress in communication technology
as well as evolving system requirements.
High level benefits
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Communication requirement
X Communication services:
How to transfer data ?
X Communication objects
How to address data ?
X Configuration
How to share data addresses between applications
X Testing
How to organize communication tests ?
Conventional communication standard mainly address
the communication services
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IEC 61850 Standard - Organization
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IEC 61850 Standard - Parts 1,2,3,4
X Parts 1
Introduction, glossary, but also some project management
requirements (quality, versions, system life cycle)
X Parts 2
glossary
X Part 3
quality insurance
X Part 4
... also some project management requirements
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IEC 61850 Standard - Part 5
X Part 5
Defines logical allocation of functions and interfaces
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IEC 61850 Standard - Part 5
X Rules definition for functions
a) Function description including the decomposition into LNs.
z Task of the function, Starting criteria , Result or impact, Performance, Function
decomposition.
b) Logical node description including the exchanged PICOMs.
z grouping according to their most common application area
z short textual description of the functionality
z IEEE device function number if applicable (for protection and some protection related
logical nodes only
z abbreviation/acronym used within the documents of the IEC 61850 series
z relation between functions and logical nodes in tables and in the function description
z exchanged PICOMs described in tables
c) PICOM description including the attributes.
Piece of Information for COMmunication describing an information transfer on a given
logical connection with given communication attributes between two logical nodes.
z semantics
z logical point-to-point connection
z performance requirements
z type of data
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IEC 61850 Standard - Part 5
X Logical Node and Logical Link concept
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IEC 61850 Standard - Part 5
X Logical Node and Logical Link concept - Example
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IEC 61850 Standard - Part 6
Substation Configuration Language (SCL)
X Description language for communication in electrical
substations related to the IEDs
X XML based language that allows a formal description of
Substation automation system and the switchyard and the
relation between them
z IED configuration
Substation Configuration Language (SCL)
SSD: System Specification Description.
XML description of the entire system.
SCD: Substation Configuration Description.
XML description of a single substation.
ICD: IED Capability Description.
XML description of items supported by an IED.
CID: Configured IED Description.
XML configuration for a specific IED.
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IEC 61850 Standard - Parts 7-x
X Part 7-1
Principles and models
Introduces ALL the features detailed in 7-2, 7-3, 7-4
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IEC 61850 Standard - Parts 7-2
X Abstract Communication Service Interface (ACSI)
Core of IEC 61850 standard
Abstract to respect “long term stability” requirement
Interface defined in terms of services and objects
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IEC 61850 Standard - Parts 7-2
X ACSI requirements
real-time data access and retrieval,
device control,
event reporting and logging,
publisher/subscriber,
self-description of devices (device data dictionary),
data typing and discovery of data types
file transfer.
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IEC 61850 Standard - Parts 7-2
Conceptual service model
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ACSI Models
Server
Logical Device
Logical Node Reporting
& Logging
Data
Control
Data Set GOOSE
Substitution Object Sampled
Settings Values
Association Time Synchronization File Transfer
Detailed functions are not specified, only interfaces
Setting is for group only, detailed setting not addressed
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IEC 61850 Standard - Parts 7-2
ACSI classes
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IEC 61850 Standard - Parts 7-3
– Data classes and example
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IEC 61850 Standard - Parts 7-3
FC are
families
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IEC 61850 Standard - Parts 7-4
– 355 Data classes
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Proudfoot
IEC 61850 Class Model
Name SERVER Physical Device:
ObjectName access by network address
ObjectReference
1
1..*
LOGICAL-DEVICE Enables data from multiple
devices to be aggregated
1 into a single physical device
1..* (data concentrator)
LOGICAL-NODE
1
1..*
DATA
1
1..*
DataAttribute
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IEC 61850 Logical Node
Logical Nodes
X A named grouping of data and associated services that is
logically related to some power system function.
dddXCBR1
Logical Node Instance #
Logical Node Name per
IEC 61850-7-4 (breaker)
Optional Application Specific Prefix
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IEC 61850 Logical Node Description
SPS
Mandatory/Optional
Common Data Class
Data Name Description
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IEC 61850 Object Name Structure
Relay1/XCBR1$ST$Loc$stVal
Attribute
Data
Functional Constraint
Logical Node
Logical Device
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IEC 61850 Reporting
XUnbuffered Reporting is equivalent to UCA2 reports
XBuffered reporitng enables the server to retain data if
associations are lost enabling the client to retrieve ALL data.
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IEC 61850 Key Benefits
X Speed: 100 Mbps instead of few 10 kbps
More data for a better operation & maintenance
X Peer-to-peer: No extra hardware
Design of innovative automation schemes, late tuning
X Conditional report instead of polling
Optimal performances
X IP (Internet Protocol) routing: Ubiquitous data access
Capability to extend the system outside of the substation
X Client-server: Instead of master-slave
Flexible designs easy to upgrade
X Pre-defined names: Single vocabulary between users
Easier engineering between teams
X XML references: Formal interfaces
Consistency between engineering tools
A true step forward
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Data mapping
What is “rose”?
X Modelling is essential
when integrating
applications. a flower?
X Model mismatch implies
translation and usually
(at first) a color?
miscommunication
a paint?
Non trivial tests
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Logical architecture: Scope
TRADITIONNAL (> 80%) IEC 61850 POTENTIAL IMPACT
Maintenance
Dispatching Dispatching Maintenance
Center
Center
WAN WAN
Station
SAS
SAS
Process Bay
Process
bus
WAN
Primary Other Primary Other
devices substations devices substations
Scalable & adaptable:
Substation centric
from process bus to
Pretty Monolithic
network automation
IEC 61850: Think out of the box !
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Communication services
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Peer-to-peer
X Capability to have a direct
communication exchange
between any two devices
connected on the network
Unlike conventional master-slave GOOSE
Receiver
Enable the development of fast
automation
Device Y
GOOSE
Sender
Device X
Ethernet
GOOSE
Receiver
Device Z
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Client-server vs. Master-slave
X In a master-slave relation only one master is acting as a time
The master pools the various clients then distribute the
information to the applications
If the master fails then a back-up master may be used
X In a client-server relation each application (client) request in
parallel what the exactly need to each server
Client are typically HMI and Gateway, server are typically bay
controller, protection, measurement center
Applications do not go through a central point therefore get the
information on a faster and more reliable way
Failure of a client does not affect the other clients
A new client might be added without changing the existing
communications
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Report vs. polling
X Report is transmitting data based on a condition being met
Ex: Change of state, value, quality attribute, time-out
X Report is more efficient than polling
Data are transmitted only when there is a need to transmit them,
therefore reducing network and application load
Polling cycle might be too long compared to the application
dynamic and loose event, contrary to report
X Report is fully compatible with client-server mode
It can be emulated on master-slave mode but less eficiently
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Self-describing data
X A client can discover the
device server’s capabilities
X Comparable to the services of
a web browser
X Used initially when defining the
system configuration or during
tuning/maintenance of the
system
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Communication data modelling
– Logical groupings – Devices, nodes, classes and data.
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Example
LN function-related in the substation Control
Q0/CSWI
Q8/CSWI
Q9/CSWI
Bay-HMI
IHMI
Earthing Switch
Q8_L1/XSWI
Gas density mon.
Q8_L1/SIMG
Secondary
Isolator
Q9_L1/XSWI
technology
Gas density mon.
Q9_L1/SIMG
Circuit Breaker
Q0_L1/XCBR Distance
Gas density mon. Protection
Q0_L1/SIMG
Primary technology PDIS
See IEC 61850-5, 7-4
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Logical Node Classes
– Logical Nodes – 92 Logical Node Classes
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Reference model for the configuration process
IED Capabilities System specification
(LN, DO, …) (Single line, LNs, …)
IED System
DB ICD Configurator SSD
SCD Associations,
relation to single line,
preconfigured reports, ...
IED
Engineering Configurator
Workplace
Engineering environment File transfer
CID remote
SA system
File transfers and parameterization
File transfer
Substation with IEC61850 services
Local gateway
IED IED IED
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Testing Terminology
X PICS
Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement
X MICS
Model Implementation Conformance Statement
X PIXIT
Protocol Implementation eXtra Information for Testing
Conformance testing only, i.e. vs. a reference simulator
Not interoperability not functional testing
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IEC 61850: Basic applications and possible
extensions
Telecontrol of substations “sTCA”
in discussion, IEC TC57 / Ad Hoc Working Group 07
Addendum Power Quality, Monitoring
under way, IEC 57/624/NP
Product standard for switchgear equipment
under way, IEC 62271-003
Control and monitoring of wind power plants
under way, IEC 61400-25
Control and monitoring of distributed power stations
under way, IEC 57/660/NP
Control and monitoring of hydroelectric power plants
under way, IEC 57/661/NP
Metering (EPRI, IEEE), Gas, Water
in discussion
Several other WG within:
IEEE PSRC H5: Setting, etc.
UCA International: Testing, etc.
CIGRE B5.11: Use of IEC 61850 in substation, etc.
DKE/VDN (Germany): Recommendations
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Where we are – Where we go
Market Control
IEC 61970 EMS Centre 2
EC, EDI Participant Power
ISO 9735 Plant
Server
IEC 60870-6 (TASE.2)
IEC 61850
IEC 61968 DMS
Control Centre 1
IEC 61850 IEC 6
1400
-25
IEC 62210
IE
IEC 61850 C
62
05
6
Substation 1 Substation 2
IEC 61850 IEC 61850
Metering
CT CT
VT VT Billing
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