Document Details: Engine Sizing Calculation
1 Load Detail/ Motor Rating KW , 415 V Motor, Star Delta Starter 125 KW
2 Rated Voltage of the Motor 415 V
3 Motor Efficiency 0.95
2 Full Load Current of Motor 203.40
2 Starting Current 1220.39
ENGINE SIZING
Srn Description Denominations Formula Unit KVA
1 Base Load On DG Set A= KW 988.0
2 Power Factor of Load B= P.F. 0.80
3 Base Load in term of KVA C= A÷B KVA 1235.00
4 Alternator Efficiency D= % 0.95
5 Base Load eKW E= A eKW 988.00
6 Base Load mKW F= E÷D mKW 1040.00
7 Remote Radiator Power G= mKW 0.00
8 Total Mechanical KW w.r.t. base load H= F+G mKW 1040.00
9 Rated Power Available With Offered Engine I= mkw 1558.00
Offerd DG Rating Prime rated TRG3 KVA 1850.00
10 No Of DG Set J= Nos 1.00
11 Total Power K= JXI mkw 1558.00
12 % Base Load on Engine L= (H ÷ K)X100 % 67.00
13 Rating of Motor to be Started M= KW 125.00
14 Rated Power Factor of Motor N= P.F. 0.90
15 Effieciency of Motor O= % 0.95
16 Rated KVA of Motor P= M ÷ N÷ O KVA 146.00
17 FLC for Motor Q= (M÷ 1.732 ÷ Amps 203.40
N÷ O ÷
V)X1000
18 Starting Current % of FLC R= % 600.00
19 Starting KVA of Motor S= PXR KVA 876.00
20 Starting Power Factor T= P.F. 0.25
21 Starting eKW U= SXT eKW 219.00
22 Alternator Efficiency V= % 1.00
23 Starting mKW-Motor X= U÷V mKW 219.00
24 Total mKW at the time of Starting of DG set Y= H+X mkw 1259.00
Total KVA on Starting for very short duration 1573.75
25 Rated Power Available With Offered Engine- Z= mkw 1558.00
ICXN
26 Maximum Power Available With Offered AA= mkw 1713.80
Engine (FSP)-10% More of Rated Power
Step Load on starting with Base Load and mkw 73.46%
Statring
27 % First Step Load AB= (X ÷ Z) x 100 mkw 14.06
Conclusion-Stage-I: Since X ( Total mKW at the time of starting) < Z ( Rated Power Available in Engine) < AA (Rated
Power Available in Engine at 110%)-Engine is Suitable For Startng
ALTERNATOR SIZING
This calculation doesn' t include the speed decrease effect.
Alternator Generator:STAMFORD :Frame P1734E
kVAge : Rated kVA of generator and per unit reference for calculation 1900.00
X'd : Unsaturated transient reactance ( per unit ) 0.12
Xge : Global reactance of generator for starting operation of motor
Xge = k x X'd 0.12
k : factor depending on generator size and on generator's 1.00
excitation devices
Initial load Per DG Set:
kVAi : kVA of initial load 1250.00
Pfi : Power factor of initial load 0.80
kVARi : kVAR of initial load 750.00
kVARi = kVAi x SIN ( ACOS ( Pfi ))
Xini : Reactance of initial load at full voltage ( per unit ) 2.53
Xini = kVAge / kVARi
Motor started Per DG Set:
Total Starting KVA on Alternator 1540.00
Total No. of Alternator 1
kVAst : Locked motor kVA at full voltage 1540.00
Pfst : Motor power factor at locked rotor 0.25
kVARst : Motor kVAR at locked rotor 1491.10
kVARst = kVAst x SIN ( ACOS ( Pfst ))
Xmot : Reactance of motor at beginning of starting ( per unit )
Xmot = kVAge / kVARst 1.27
The worst case ( giving maximum voltage dip ) is if the initial load keeps
its KVA constant during the motor starting operation, when the voltage
at its terminals U is decreasing.
To quantify this, the initial load has a virtual instantaneous reactance X
depending on the instantaneous voltage U at its terminals.
The relation to keep kVARi constant is in per unit:
1 x ( 1/Xini ) = U x ( U/ X )
giving:
X = Xini x U^2
ALTERNATOR SIZING
Electrical diagram for motor starting operation:
I1 I3
U0 U 0
Xge Xmot
I2
Xini x U^2
0
U0 : Virtual sustained internal voltage of generator when supplying the
initial load alone ( per unit )
Calculation of Uo: Initial condition before starting
Breaker open ( I3 = 0 ), U = 1 and I1 = I2 gives:
( U0 - 1) / Xge = 1 / Xini
U0 = 1 + Xge / Xini
U0 = 1.05
Calculation of U: Minimum generator voltage during motor starting:
I1 = I2 + I3
gives the following relation with the diagram:
( U0 - U) / Xge = U / ( Xini x U^2 ) + U / Xmot
So, U is solution of equation of second degree:
( 1 / Xmot + 1 / Xge ) x U^2 - U0 / Xge x U + 1 / Xini = 0
U = 0.909629955 per unit
Maximum generator voltage dip is ( 1 - U ) in per unit
9.0 %
Discriminant= 61.78217415
0.909629955 0.047592389
